òߣ
İ
ⱻϵͳǿڹŴʬ꣬һС
ʱµ۵ǻ͢ɽƮҡ
ϵͳֻоϹḨµۣܻصʵ硭
⣺
ǡ
̿д̣
⣺ϿߣҪ!
µۣ˭
ɷ
⣺췴ȴʬϿȥ!
µۣ²Ǹɵ
߹ظ漱
⣺ԸΪʬ!
µۣ
ٺ
λȨأȨ㳯Ұ
⣺Ҫò
ʲôأµۿԱߵ
µۣ!
⣺@#

ϵͳ
Լ
⽭ɽҹ

CP:ĺƫִ*޸ڳ
ڼܿԣÿ̫
۸ע⣬չģͳ͢ȨıαȨıααլααչ
ݱǩ ǿǿ ƾԲ Խʱ ˬ
ؼ֣ǣ⡢  ǣӵġҲǮղ  
һ仰飺Ҫȴò
⣺ķչ۵ģǰ;ǹ
߼
ⱻΪġϵͳǿٵŴʬ꣬һ½ֳϡΪջصԭ磬뾡취¸ηЧµǻĵ飬ȴҲԽԽԳľΪߣӴԽʱա͢ȶԪأĸɫô۳֣һһݣֵһ
==================


1 ʬ꣨
ʱҹĻڣǳȣƬסǹ⣬þǵҹɫԾס
д˼ϨߣΨо¥ŵƻԼԼݺݺЦԤʾ˴лϢ
ȡ
ڿ¥ӹսǣһӰһߴϢһ߱ܡҹɫ̧ͷ¥ĵƹ⣬æߵİǽײײǴƹ⴦ȥ
Ȼû߳Ӱ䡣
ڰУеһâѸٻҹɫ
ȵܿ˷סǿڣֻʣǰĻЦû
ûõȣӰܿ챻Ͻ
¥һɢȻְڰԵϵӰѾǯסӰһסĿڱǣһõסĲӣҲ޷ѡ
âĹ⣬ӳӰ۾־ȴݺ
ץסһſµģЩȻصڡ
ʶһӰʡ
١Ӱ͵͵ӦЩڽͬЦⲻּҴӣֳ
ͬ΢΢һ㶣鵶˵ķһܿ죬Ӧ䣬õͷϵ˿˵ЩҹɫУӵü۾ŮӻҪ
ۼһ󣬳ֵĺӰ૵ǡ빫ӵͬǻҪҪ
Ļû꣬Ȼһ
ȻҪɱƹɢһӰӣӰϵӰ޷٣޳
ֳ΢΢һ
˵˲ṳ̂ӣվ棬ͳ븮ܣ
һֳڣӾĿкȻֳһ˿ʣþȫԱߵĺӰѹס塣ӶǽͶӰѳڷ˻Ƶ뿵һ㣬С˾Ȼ֮£ɱңҾҲһ
ɢ˷ҪǵӰȥܿһ档
͵һ˼ײİǽϡ
˲޷ĵӵĲӰֵʱѪȿֺشжϵĺӿ
ӵҲѪӿʧκ˼ðȴȫѪݣ˳Űǽڵϡ
Ѫܿ»Ѫ
ôûĶվŵ빫Ƶʵ
ˡϲӱɣӰŵĲʵ۾ʵ빫ӣʬô
ֳȻھǲܴһμ˵ԣʧ٣»ûʵɡ빫ʬ˴ϹǮƣװٱɱǣ˴¥Ҳ
ӰֽܿϵŵװΣִѳһǮϤԼС
ѳǮʱһ鵭ɫ־ƮӴѪϵָϡ
ӵָβȴʰ
вʺͻںޣһǵŹսӰӵʧȥ˹⻪۾ͫ׷Ŵֻʣļ
Ӱֳȷֳ빫뿪ֳ
ҹһ紵ƢһѪ۵ʬ壬˿¶ǰ毺õݺǰʹԹߡ
û֪¥İһԹ껺ɢؼ䡣
ʱİǳߣ¥ʼӭһʮʱžʱ̡
Ҳʱԭû·һƽȻէ˴˴}˵Ŀռ䡣
ѷֿԼ޵塣ǵ·ǴӰǽߵİзģȻէһۿȥĵطȴһˡ
һֻһʬ޵İִһѹסȷҲŮˡ
֪Ҳеġص
һĬˡ
ɢǹ⣬ؾ۳һ͸壬þ˵֮
崩˲һŰɫĳ°ǡôĺɫп㣬ճխͷ̣ܶüĿʣͦģʮӢ
ͷ΢ңǸո˯ѵģ۾ɨǰĿ۾ӻҰ׵ϻǿϡǰԻò۽ǳһ£ܡ
ϻеˡô˴ڲӣ˿ô졣
£ҿ޸߲࣬ٶӲ
壺
廳ɣһǹȻഩڴʬϡʬǹڣԭѾƤⷭ˿ھȻؿʼϡ
ٶ۽ǳ鴤
ѾԤ뵽ɿصĵطչǰ˵ĵߵյۣ˽ٶĬ
ˡ
ֽ⣬һá֮ǰһӦƾ֡
ƣԾԼѾЩˣ˰ھƵɳϢ
ʶ
ȵʱϣѾһƬڵĹųǡԱߣһ޸ĶֻոմԽˣԽбҪȥɡ
ݣܽᣬ־ǰɱϷΪġҳɫ
µ۵ǻ꣬ȹ̣Ҫ˴ԸֻǿΪ񷢲ϵͳһĴڣض˵ΪµЧų켺ȹ̽ɽϹѣɻصԭ硣
ȻоʷҲ֪ʷҳݻ޼
ϵͳ˼ҲҪԼһӡ
ǲͿԽһУⲢϵͳΪλѡԼطνĵϵͳĻǱʵ۶ǲǾͿԻȥҵļˣ
ǡϵͳĬһ£Ҫҵļ
׼ʲô;⡭
ʧܣҪге

Ĭһ᣺ⲻƽҪһѽưɱˣô죿
ϵͳ
ϵͳһжΪ׼

۳ôܣԼΪ屻ӵǿϵͳѾΪ϶顣ϵͳļ£ҵ˿Թ޵ʬ塣
Ѫʬ˿ڣһӵʱ䣬ʬ岱ǵҵ˿Ѿȫϡ
һֱûµ۾⣬ѾǸˡûѪӷ˿԰ףüԶԶȥһ߱ڷźõľޣصȴµע롣
ûгʱӦûһЩ䡣ϵͳһƳ塣
̱һǿ԰ն£˳ƹ룬ʧʬϷ
һԭʬȻһ⻪ţϸܵĽë˫ԭͣ͵ٿؾ񱻴˻һضһ¡
ͬʱᡰһʬ塱էȻΣԱֺȻٵס͵ؿ
ԭ˵ļҲµӿ
ԭ˿ڿ˺һ˳ͫɢĽۼһһע
΢΢ӲȻѾ¸ϵɫǺһԣתӣüȴ
Σϵͳٶȴ
ѾȡĲּ䣬ƽ̩ɽǰɫ䣬ʱ۽ֿʼó鴤
ʬԭϲˡ
ԭĵᣬȴųĵѹ
ȫǶ֪Ǹ䡣


2 һѵ
⿿дļƴճԭƽ
ڽʬԭֳֽ裬Ǿּҵĵӡ
ּھ̣ԳңӪֳ踸ֺһѾչС棬լҡ̡һӦУھԼĵλ
ֻЩҵڡʿũ̡Ĵ󻷾»ԹףֳĸֺڵݣϣԼĶӴּ̼Ȧӡ
һһ檣ֳĴӣǣֺ˲ֳ谲ŵõѧãμӿƾ٣ȡ
ɴ˾ٶֳ豾˵ȴͬѼ
ֳĸѲССʱ򾭳硢ؼ̱СţƢԸСǵûһҳӵķȣ·ηηţ󣬾Ȼǡټòùò˶ΪһŮװĹ
һѧٲͬĹעֳʱߣÿѧҪ⵽ϷŪżƾ֮;쳣ơ
Ҳʱһ˳ֳ
һαΧڽϷŪʱ̫ξĶ뿵Χӹ˽ȥѿ棬ֳӴ˾ס˵Ӱ
Ϊ뿵Ŷ򾩳óԵĵģ뿵дΪٵĹż뿵Լϲ塭뿵ûоܾ
ǣֳ׳ŵӣ뿵һš
ڶ졭
ĪԸϲֳ裬㻹Ǹ䰡żسҶӵϣֳеֽЦÿִ
ļٵģŸҲ
öģһ˾Ȼдֶ
˵ֳ裬ɴǸ˰ɣ

ѧǾߵķӿģѧ϶ǾеȨ֮ӣֳ貢Լд뿵żΪλڱ˵ʱֻԴ죬ǰһƬڰ
Ȼһȥֳ֮Ķ֮ھн϶´
ּҵĴӣŮˣһŮһϲˡ
ּһӴȸˡ
ôܣ

ֳƬǿƴճһϢţҪֳȥЧһϣ
Ȼܵһļһַǳ΢飬ƽʱ׷ʲô飬ԭѾʮ꣬Ҳûгȥ̸һ֮ͬĸˡ
ȥ񣬿϶鷳
ϵͳĴ𸴣˺һϵͳӲٶȴ
Ѿ޳ɹ޷ٶȽתơ
⣺
ͷԼָ뵽֮ҪֳߣĬȻ
ãֳַԼһģһδ̫ɺϡ
Ĭһᣬ۾ðֳҲǲɣ˽ıɱ޷ȡǰļ䡣ڸҵĴҲǳΣաǿ壬޸֮ܲҸոٱɱһΰɣ
ֳļֻϳּΪֹһ´龩Ǻ丸ֺҲ˷ֳμԣؼлһʱ䣬㱻ֺŹɨسš
ּ֮ǰֻǵֳСֺЦݡ
뿪ּҺֳΪʲôͻȻɱȥֳļü飬Ҳûзֱӵ
Ȼ˻õɱֳһΣֳ踴»
޷һþߡϵͳص
þߣ
΢΢һ㶣һʼϵͳ˵ķþߵʲôֱԼǹ֮ͬǰ޸ʬһǰۼ

ٶﰧȥΨۡ
ǹܿ£һţҹĹâγһԼʮֵ壬ͬϨĻһںڰнȥ
һССذ˳ǰ
⿴ذϵ·㶣е
ľͷģذϺᣬľͷģ۽ֳ˳飬Ƿþߣ
ǣһѿԵһذסϵͳ
⣺
̫ˣ֪òϵͳ
ذ׸һԼ䣬ذסĵط˿

ȷջʵ
Ҳƭ㡣

⡰ŶһޱذľذԼϡ
ϵͳĶܲóδ֪Ϊһթʬֳ裬Щ黹ҪСĽ
ֱӴ˺һ鲼ϣڼձߵĳ¶һӡʺֳʮǧʱһȻȥȴһ㶼ҹɫ·һĸо
ܿ죬˽Ƶ·ֳֳָ鿴һ
ҹɫ谵ϡóЬӡп
һССֳ֣Я֮
üԭѭŽӡķһֱӡʯ·ϱǳҲۼͣ
ʱ΢Զѽ
Ȼ븮ôų⣬ѾߵĽֳַΪļ䣬ڵ
ֳ豻ϳźпȥҵӦ뿵Žӡ鿴Ȼģ壬Ҳ뿵ķ
ʶֳǰ˿ڡ
Ҳ䣬ȻԶѡ𣬵峿һһ
ŰˣŰˣУ˳ɤŴ𣬡¿׼ڣٽʿ˭Ҹ״Ԫ˭ҽһãŰˡŰˣ
Ű
ʱƾûһʱϲѯڿɼ֮Űǽ㶣ֳǰμӹĿƾ١
ֳȥμӹƾ٣뿵ӦҲμ˿ƾ١
תŰǽȥ
ʱŰǽѾΧ˲ˣһŴڰ˿֮ǰͷӵһһؿ֡һȺод˵˾ϲػ򽹼һһɨ񣬸˿һɣͣؽͷӶ
Ԫٽʿʴ˸ʾ״Ԫ֮ۡ񡢰ۡô
˭ʲô
ôܼڣ
ôܣҶûнʿôˣ

Ŷ߲ʱۣߵ£̧ͷǽϵĺֽ֡
ܿ죬Լֳƥ䣬Ȼǳǰ
ǡ
ֳۣ衣


3 
ۣǿƾٵĵڶ
ֻԳֳ⣬Լѧʱû˼飬ҲǸѧԵӣǿʿҲǳѣôܻа۵λã
ü
ȺŽĹر˶Ű󲻹һԶʯϺȻһŲвһһ˵Ц
ӲŸ߰˶ѧ峵ν״Ԫ֮ϸϰɣԶ˵ʮϤ
ͷȥ
빫ĪɱҡҪ˵ѧʶԨ⾩˭˲֪ڣףҲȻ뿵̸ְ֮Ц֮Ȼӻ
֮⾩ǵһӾͲҪȡЦˡ
빫̫ǫѷˡ
˻һѾʩʩȻվڰǰǰв·ˡ״ǰԲɵһΪóһñЦӴ빫ӣҲԿ
΢ĿһϡֻһУһ޷룬ƷüĿһ˿ʱſȣҡ𣬵Ц
ģǺʹ˵һ棬Ҳܿϳֳ֮ǰ󣬵̫ξĶӣ뿵
̫ξǵӵλس֮һΪ뿵Ƶϡ档
󻹸븮ĻߵСѾȺΪӿҡҡȣزһ޵Ŀ⣬ȴû⡣
״ͽʿڣͷҪʿϺܶࡣ뿵ڰ£ܿЦ״ԪȻӣϲϲ
ǽ빫Ӽԡ빫ӣпԼΣ
֮ųԱ뿵΢ѷɫʱ˷ϲ£ٱԼѶ㲻ɵðͰΪλ̫ξ֮ӿ
ĿԼֻƣڰ۵λϣ󿴵дŵʱȻ΢΢һ㶣ʶѿڶףô£۾Ȼֳ裿
ֳ֮Ǵһ쿼дģ֮һΪԼ۾
뿵Ҳһ㶣Ŀɿֳϣɫ˲һ䣬üһ˿ɣźܿ𣬲û
Ŀⶢֳֺһơ
дŵȻ
ǰȥС˽شȺܳӣҡҰѰǰٵֶ飬áûп֡
뿵ԭҡŵȴס
Ա֮Ȼ𾪵ôܣֳ趼ܿУ빫ӵĲŻôûλãĪԹ˾ӣ
Ӹǣǿӣлӡڲֶ࣬ѾǸǹ۶顣
еУ޵ޡ
ֻ֮˵Ĵ󣬰ǰһˣͷĵͷͬͬһʱ֮䡰ֳ衱
뿵սȣֻ֪ڴ˴νǰλаֳѾˣǱɱġ
εİΪʲôֳ裿
ü
ȺкȻ˵Ľ˼ȫ
ǲǸֵģȺ˽е

һ㶣׷׵ķѲӹȥڽȺĺ󷽣һθĵӰվڽβڱ˺һ飬·Ҳûһһ˿ɿ䣬Ե÷ǳ⡭
˵ֳúʱ֪˿̧ۣ뿵΢΢һתһһɨˣܿת˻ȥ뿵ϡ
赭дɢ˳·Ȼȫûд˵ηη࿵ӡ
뿵Ҳ߼㴦ȥŴʱֳڽ񿪰ĵطôϴ˶ѡ
ţҲͿ˹ȥ
ȻһϤ
ȣ
뿵˫۵ʱԲɣ·ǿʲôһ͵ؽӲ˶һ
Աߵ֮Ҳڿֳ裬ʱȴ뿵ķӦһæʵ빫ӣôˣ
뿵ӿκˣɫ԰ޱȣͬܵʲôš
⽫뿵ķӦ֮˵һЦĳһ°һСָ档
ǰ빫ӣ뿵һЦݡ
ѧֳƽõĶ˺ֳԯޣ˾ﾹȻһ㶼Ůˣһִ󷽷ĸоȥ߷޺
֮ôһ¡
뿵ȴͬһǿסԼ壬Ŀ͵ֳĲϡ
ֳĲϸϸûһ㵶̡
ôܣ
ǾʬȷѾˡ
ʱԱߣȻûнӣҲԷѪҺ罦
㡢ô뿵ѿڣһ˿־塣
Ϻλضһ£ֳҲЦú֪꣬ҹʱĴϲռһϲﵱȻǺ빫һǰġ
΢΢һЦ
Ȼˣ֮ǰҲֳ֪˰ۣʵϣĿıΪ˼һ뿵
ֳֻ֪Ѿ˵˿թʬŻẦ£뿵ôķӦֳȷʵйϵ
ⰴ˰ľذס
뿵Ҳ۾ؿų⡣
֮ײ뿵˵˺ܾãԱΧ۵˵ֻһϢʱ䡣
һϢŰǽһ۾Ϳʱ˵Ľ㡣
һʮ˲֪Ӻδ˳ֳ裬ܿӿŲ߹
үūҵˡ
ס·
üֳļѰŷ˾ȻּҵĹܼ
ֳ踸ֺߵˣƽոּʱͻȻĪǡ
үүҴȥ㿴㣬ûиҹүͲˡȻһ仰Ѿ
ü
ֳļֺûô˵϶ӳţ϶ֳּܻӴ˺ֳ軮ޡ
ڹֳȥѾֳѾ˰۵Ĺϵ
𣿡ʵ
⼸첻żңү֪жൣ㡣ҲƢˣȥ㸸ףʹˣҲͦ׵ġ

һ縸ĸȥʱ˵ֻǳĬһᡣ
ǰѾ뿵˶౻˿ۣҲûʲô洦һ˼ЦЦָ
ࡣ
Ǵү⼸겻װ 
ֳϸԼؼң˿뵽ү˴νԺλּҴвͬæЦذͽš
ֳ衰ššӦ˼䣬뿪
뿪֮ǰܵһݵĿԼضţͷֻۣ뿵ڿԼķ
תߡ
*
ֳΪ۵ܿ촫йʿּҵģֳģҲ˵̫ξ֮뿵ġ
ƾǴɸѡ˲Ŷ裬̫ξ뿵ڳռһϯ֮ز£뿵ųʿ֮飬ʵ˷˼
˲öֻ֪֪Ϥ֪֮˴οƾٹǰ鷿ڣڳλۿȦ˭˻⣬˭˷֦ͷö
ǲէ
븮
һɫӰɿܱӹ棬һն£븮ļɽ
ɽһվʱ
빫ӡӰ
뿵תʱɫŰǽǰҪѿͳһ˿ֳ衭㲻ȷѾΪλͻȻسǰ
ӰȻ᣿ҷһпĺ³Ҳ֤
ڲӸɸɾһ㻮۶ûС뿵վ纮˪ڸոһʱǵ˶ֳֺ֪ٻּҡ
Ӱ۾𣬡ֳʬб֣
ûС뿵һذ־óŵС֣ͫ׽ѱ¥⣬ֳص㣬һѪ
빫֮⣬ѵֳթʬ
Ȼνͣ
ӰĿһһԵ顣
ҵʹֳ¡ֳ֪ܣ»ڡ
빫ӷģֳ費һƲˡӰ鵶ȻȻţǾɱһΡ
뿵ԣǰӰ֮ˡ
Ӱ֮ȻһЦĿ䣺һΣҶȫʬ


4 ּ
תʼֵĽַչڣֳָļĿ̻һӳ
ּҵլ뾩Ľж·̣Ҳ㲻ԶֺȦĴ㣬ѡۡҲʮעųȲм䣬ֲ̫ǹصѡڴ˴Ƶңʨ״ţƧ֮ҲҪԳһɡ
վǰ˼ۡﳡֳԶǳ죬ȴǳİԭ绹õȥίʵԸ
үפ㣬ΪֳлиңæЦݵү⼸ⱼ˰ɣүѾ˸үķ䶼ɨһ飬ϺõĲߺͱ죬үԻؼҺúϢ
ܼ˵֡šһ
ȻѾֳ豾ˣֳ赱ֺϳŵһĻӡġʱֳڷ俴飬ԼĸͻȻŹӴ˽˵ͷһ·ֳĶҲˣ⣬ÿҲˡ
˵ĶԻ˲
һǰĸ߼۾תĿⲻϡ
үأ
үȥƹܵ˶٣ֶЦүү֮ǰƢֱʵһֱͦġ
ⲻÿɷѾǰˡ
һ㶣Ȼû뵽ֳôһҲȵ̬ȣԸ׵ĳƺˡ
ֳڼеλߣżԵηɸոŰǽǰһˣȴǰ첢һˣ·˿ûŤ󣬷߱ͦȻݣէһۿȥһƵġ
䣬ֳѾ߽լԺæȥȴȻԺ洫
ֳ費ǿһ𣿵õôС𣿻ҿеײ߸Ҳ𣿡
ڴԺŻһŮ˽ϻ磺˺üˣǸ˿ܲҲСҲҾ˵ȥ㲻ڵãƽСͷ
ŮһἰһСˡ˰ãæֳķȥȻǰĴүŲ˶٣ͣ
ԺȻûʶѾ˻˵ٺ١ЦĪҲȥ顣ֳǻܿϣôܱ
˵ҲǡŮЦǼ˱Ů˻ҪƽʱҲûּҲ֪ôϵġ
˵кܶϲöүȥƨ˰ɡ
ܡϲˣ˲Ů˵ţֽЦ
߱ŻеԺӵĲ·ʱظоһĿ⣬̧ۿ˹ȥֻһӲ֪ʱվڲڴͷ΢ңûбβ˿࣬¶һϤ
⧲һ棬Ů˱һЦ⽩ϡ
ֳ裬ôŮԱߵҲ˳⣬Ž
⿴˸ղŸ̸һۡϵãһֺҡֳСһĶӡּҶүʢ
ﴩһ廨Уʮ次ϲֳ裬Ȼ檣ƽżܳ裬ֳ谵ʮֿ
ôʢֳֻ꣬ȴ¹ڻ徫£վڶֳ軹֮ǰɨسŵģ·λžͲһۡү
ĸΪʢҲԼĳ֡
Ϊʲôɨĸӣһ䣬Ĺ˹ЦҸոսȻүһġ

⻰Ƕĸ˵ģʢɫһ䡣
ûϵֳվڲڣǹʲʶһʡûһѡֳܵȻԼ۵飬Լĸס
ոԼĸ׵ĻȻֳ˲٣ʢɫһܿ첻мʲô˲𣬲һ۶ѡ
ǰһ۶ѡ˵ͷЦϧУûС
ʢɫһ䡣
ɫҲˡ
ֳƽʱĸ˴ҳһڳǵֳȻոһ棬Ȼڳǡ
˵ʲôеġûġǿ
ʢһţǰһִֻվɢɢֳ裬ֻôƶԷĴݺͽ룬ȻЦʲôۣ²㵱öүİɣӣܵ˵˵ǸļҴ˿ˣ
ֳȫǶĶ䣬ۻôġ
ʢ˵ʮֽЦ뿴ֳ׾ȵӣȴֳЦ΢΢
ֳȻһ
үڡһֱֳæǰ
ոҲԱߣҺͶү̸֮Ӧ˰ɡֳ΢̧̧ȻͰ֤һұ㽫ոնү˵ҵЩԭⲻؽү


סˡ
ֳƽʱּҵλǺܵͣɽ쿼нʿ֮ǰٳϵˣλղͬնүӣԼոҲŬͽᡣֳһؼӺӾͶϣҪԼվӡ
ӦվֳߣǸֳ֤Ҫˡһ뵽ͷƤ
ʢҲͬʱɫ䡣г֣֮ʢȻּҰ裬ʼӣοֳԼǿа۵ˣֺΪհǰ˺ǰʢѹֻû˹ܣҪֵү϶ⲻһٷ
ֳôͻȻ˽ƻ
ֳ裬㡭ʢûֳ輸䣬ȴ͵½
ˣҶһֵܣҪ˺ѾʢĻ谡ʢᣬ˵ģ㵱Ķ½½⡣
ʢͷֻɫޣʾԼ뿪
û˵Ҳ˵
ֳһĬһֻг
ҲûпʢĿ⻺һתתϣҶˣŷﻹгԵ𣿡
ûĻɫֳЩ
û뵽ֳֽеԼһŷӦæѾָţүԣҿԺӰ
գŷֳص׼ʳֳһʱ󲿷ֵʳﶼԼղΪܼҵҲصظһܳүصؿ
ڴүȻʣ϶һȥڡæش
˵ͷ˵Ѿŷȥ
·Ƚ·ʢǰֻһ硣
ȥ
ԭŵ˺ܿʣԭҪߵĸӣ˻ԭȻվ
ôֳʵ̫ˣȵֳӰʧҰ棬ʢŶŵ
ݺһšеӣΪԼаۣͿָˡ
ո˵ʱֳʼնûд·Լͬ鹹ֳָദʮ꣬δӡ
ԺǸô죿ȥǸ״ɣ뵽ոֳĺȻǿƣʢյ
һʱ⣬Ժǰ˵עЩֺݺһʢţ־ӵ㸸һ˵䣬Ҳϲֳ裬ҵҪСȥ
Բͷϡʢ
ڳⱳ˵ţļơһͷѾŷ
Ͻ׼㣬ȴ⣬ֻͷǡ
꣬ҪһСװУڿⷿҪ˰ѿеС
ֳ˾پɣԷոջظҲҶʣֻȡǡ
õʵذףŰЩһ˻صС
ֳķȻѾ˴ɨøɾһո²߷ǰۡⲻīЩƷȤֻɨһۣȻ̧ͷ
̧ͷ䣬Ŀٿغĳڰ߶ϡ
ҲʱһӰЦøݣ뿵˵թʬһû뵽ϻֳ衣


5 
ֳѾӰɱȵѪҺϴʵʱҲۿԷϢʱǾʬ¶Ѿôܻ¸
թʬ¸ҲӦûµĵڣǰȱƢԺʹŴͥ˵ԴͬȻֳ費ͬһˡ
Ȼ뿵ˣֳٰʲôĿģȻ˻
洫Ħʵ
âȻۡ
һͫʼĿɿɨ͵ľ룬ѾѸſȥһ̽ɿոմС
Ӧ죬ӰȴЦһеѾȻο¶Ҷ羵һ㷴Ρ
ȳ˳ݣϵĺӰѾһŵ֮ϣ˾һһɸߵԾ£ֳҶһֳͷ­¡

˵Զܱͨȡ״ʱаһæСмܡ
ߴ뵶ײСƫУõסӰҶȥơ
ˣٵֻо͵һ˲˰塣
ּҿⷿùͨСںҶײĹбԷĵһȱڣһƳȥֻʵĵ澹ȻȱڴʼѺۣۿɼٶȹѡ
ôʲô⣿
û뵽ϾȻǿ֮ˣϾֳļȻ࣬ȴҲûֲɿ
ҧأ֪ͷԥһץӳȡۣӰȥ
ߣǻЩСӰ״΢΢ƫͷһбҶһ죬ķ۳һɢȥ
ŶԷɢţ۾鴤˲ľذס
һʼΪֳֻһͨıɱ¶ԷǿʵȫѹƣȷŴ˾ֳԭ
ھԵǰֳֻܱȵȴ٣µֻϲʹ顣
ڣҲͬͬĴ
ӳܣ⿴ǰˣѾϵСֶ䱸ؿźӰ
ģΣչӵèӰ΢΢ȻЦ⸱ģ¥ǴҶ᲻ýʬˡ

ü
ֳĶ״˶Զɱֶ֪
Ѿ˼ЩǰĺӰϣֳԼĲһ˹֮ǰһ졢Ѹͣ
ҧأ͵سľذףӵֵ
飡һأ뵶ײٶȴ˹ȴȻ졣
Ӱǿóյֻڱѣסʹڴȥֻϵͳ͵ľذ׾Ȼڴ˹ؼʱεصס˺ӰҶ
ذ׵滹ľƵ·ȥֻʵһľʱҶײû֮ǰСһ𣬷ڳѪҺĵ⡣

ԺɲǼӿֳϵͳ֮ǰ˵⵶ԡֵһĻ
ӰȻû뵽⾹Ȼüͷ΢ȳⷴӦڶѾٶ
飡
һζԷѾԼ޷ʶ𡣿ɹʹģŵľذȻǰס˶Էĵ
ֻһΣ£һκӰּҶƲֹذ׼ס󼸲ĵڵϣ˿ѿڣֵֻεδѪͣزеذҲԷɿȥ
ͦڵġԼûнǰȥͨɱӰϵɱɷŨӸµؿڵҪվˣؾ𵶡
Ѿֳϧҵеζ
ֻϧ׻ͨˣ̫ˡ
µâ𣬵䣬һڷﻮȡ
Ҳʱɵľذٿһ
飡ٶȴһ۵ľ
лһ˿ϸ΢ıѵⱾֵֵ̧۽Ŀȴϵͳľذ׾ȻطУӾһУٶȵؼסӰҶ
нӿڴƽ羵Ҷ澹ȻѺۣšԡһѣеֱӱľذ׿£䡣
⣺
ܳ
ͻ䣬÷һʱľĬ
һ̳˲䷴Ӧ̧ץϵĲеѸٱǰмס˺ӰĲӣһ¶Էϵĺڲ
Ӱܿ챩¶ڳҰԼʮĿƽƽ棬ֳļȴûκӡ
˵ʲôˣ뿵ΪʲôҪɱֳ裿ѵʱûʱȥоϵͳľذ׵ʲôܣҪǶԸǰˡ
ӰҲû뵽һľͷȻɣͬһһնʹõ嵶һʱ𺳣Ȼֳ˿ӡ
ֳ裬ֳֿ豳ġ
ʱѾڿת˸䣬·۾һ㣬ֳţ졢䡣
ӰһʶطӦԭթʬģ
һľơľƵذ׿ȥƽƽ棬ȴȣôҲǳˣ֮ǰɱľֳ裬ǰʲôֳ帴ˡ
Ӱŷ֣һܴĴ
ûлشֻǽеĲеսˣ븮ʲôֲܹȥ磬ȴҪУǲײģ˵ţ˶٣۾΢ǹˣ
Ӱɫ΢΢һ䡣
ԭ֪ԷʲôݣֻǺҲ²̽ǰӰ˵ɫȴ˲˸š
ӰȻû뵽ֳµԼݣ񽥽
뿵׷ɱֳ裬Ϊ˰븮ܣû뵽ֳǵûɵԼϡ
·ͬСɣý֪ԼйԴǻ֮أֳ֪Լܣ뽫˴Ĩȥ
ԭȻԷȫʬֻ޲ýֳж˿飬޸ܡ
ϣۿ۳вԼĲеǹмЦоسųؿһĳ
һֱעźӰж״ɫһ֪ԼӰʵǵ֮Ӳһƣæٺˡ
˵ٶʵ̫ۿҪϣյľذ׾Ȼ˲ڳǰǡžһµס˺Ӱĳ
ϵͳûƭⶫܵһ
ȥӰУоȻһöɫ⣬
ಡƿյ
ľذڿ΢Σƺڳʲôмͷһľβһģתֱӵת򣬷ɿ컮С
дۡһ
һ˳ķȥֻ֮ǰĺӰ˺侹ȻԼİ
ںӰ˵ĺʼкɫѪܿѪɺɫ
ж
ӰŭĿԲɣ죬ȴûзʲô촽ܿȾɫȻء
סڿеذףֿ浹µ壬һ߹ȥֻȥĺӰʱۣϱ龪ȴѾûϢ
ľذƵַɵ˳࣬ͳһʬ塣
ֿһԱߵƮŵذףðſ仰ɱˣ
ľذױڿзţҡҡλεطɵ䣬һ塣
ȻͲˡ
װԼһͨľذס

оԼŵǸɱ
شӸոյлعŸоԼ
ոպͺӰ˶ţڴѿһۣټϺȡевԷⲻ˱ڻˣʱδδѪ
ҲһƬǽ塣ͺӰ򶷺ԭϵ²Ҳˤˣϵɡ
վڷü
Ҳʱ򣬷Ȼŵ
үѾߺү𣿡
Ŀһûлش
Ѿ߼û˴ӦȴŵүҸոж𣿡
ո·ֳķ䣬Ѿߺصʱûд𻰣
˭ոҪţȴؿˡ
ʲô¡ֳվţѾߡ
Ѿߡѽһæվˣ۾ȴ̽һ߿һֳ߳Цүүˡү˵һԸ磬˾ҹȥ


6 ϵͳ
Ѿ̽Ŀⱻ赲ԣ΢΢һЦã׼һᣬ¾͹ȥ
Ǵү㣬үǶڵˡѾߴߴٵ
ֳڼеλͣѾ߶۵ͷϡ
ЦֱӽŹϣ顱һ졣
Ѿ߱˵ţûھͳ˸Ÿɵڵ
⽫ͷҲϣͷۺӰ˵ʬ壬ֱӽʬ̧˴ϣ죬ʬ˸ʵʵ
ӹҳɴٵϵ˿˼Ȧ
˿ڰϣؽˣҲͬϴҡ
ѾĶ̽ͷͷʵүʲô
Լࡣ
Ѿߣ
Ŵӷ߳
֮ǰ˰ѷŸˡ
Ѿɫ΢ࡣ
ûȥѾߵɫֻǲѾ߸Լ·һ·ŷ
ŷڣֺһѾսŷͿһʮλϴףƤòȥǳ棬ֳĸֺֺ࣬ʢʢһʮŮۻƽ£ֺŮ
ֳֺĵ΢΢üϺܿЦָָλã˵һź˰Ǽѵþٰһμ磬
һüĿֳ豻ϳŵĲû˵ֻ
λѵˮһϵĲƷոռˣһζίʵЩʣԹԵҨһûһڵغš
׵ֻŲ͸ѪίʵЩۡ
ֺ̲סʵôˣ
ˡ˵߼˿
ֺüͷ𣺡ôģ
ո͵ҷײߣҲСĴˣƬʱ򻮵ġ
ˣֺüԱߵʢѾֽеʲôײߴˣ֪ǲֵȻͰˣ
Ȼ֪ײֵǮתͷƵؿֺ
ֺؿһ£ǺЦˣ˾˰ɣײϲȻٸȥⷿѡһԼϲġ
Ϊֳ軹֮ǰԼϳŵƢԲŰѲߴ򷭣ʱصذ۲ֳı飬ȴԷüĿ֮䵭ģֻšһּ̧ףһڡ
ֳ賤ѾȥңüԶ죬ȥмФŮ˵ֺ̾˿裬Ѿˣչ֮ȥһ̫ξϡ
븮ĶŶ˶٣ȥʲô
˰ְۣ֮ǳ͢ˡֺڳߣٲҪϵҳ̫ξߣǱλ֮һɽȻԲ˿
ó˵õЩ
ֻǣλүǲ֪ڸոգ븮˻ɴ̿Ͱɱֳ衣Ȼϵͳľɱʬ廹ӵķš
׵ҳʵ۲ǲֲӪ˽ջ¸
µ۸ǳл̫ξ£ֻҪɽȣ˭㶯ֳֺ跴ЩϲѾҪõķֻȥԺΪ֮£׵
ֺй֣¾㱸ֻּаɶ硣񶫷ܿ
⿴ֺһۣгģûнӻ
ԼҪȥ븮Ҳ֪뿵ʲôģ
վһͬȥɡֳֺ赨СĲ£ְֲ˹
ֲүģū϶չ˺ôү
ֺŷġ
û˵Ա״ֶʣæֺƣү㿴үаˣҼʢĻڼ£Ҳʢȥϸѧãȡ
ֳʢб𣬲ʢֺ谮ּүԣԱͬڴŵʢͷʢǲֻǰԸԸȥѧã˼Ҳ⼸쿴ûкʵķӣʢҲȥԡ
ֳų֮˶ܹϽʿʢĲǱֳǿһֹҲȷʵЩϣ
ҲԱЦʢл㸸ס
ʢϲݹֺֻкȻɣ۱߼ֳĬȻ죬ǰαعֳպܵѧֳ֮ߴͽѽ
̧̧۾ֺ϶Լ·ףʢ΢΢һЦȻ
ʢһЦλ
һ˰ʱ»صԼķ䣬ﻹάԭģû˽ΨдϺŵɴֽƳһС
⿴ɴֽһۣ¶һ˿Цתлشƿ˱ӡ
Ӱ˵ʬѾʼñ佩Ӳʱͦͦڴϡ
⿴һۣؿԱߡ
Աʲô˶ûУĬƬ̣Ȼ
ι𣿡ſʵ
зһ˿
£һӲϤٶ
˶٣üô죿æϵͳúܿ죬ͷ·һֱԼƵġ
ĿǰҪ¡ϵͳص
·Լϵͳһµ˽⣬Ĭһ£ָָϵʬȻôУͷҴһʬ𣿡
ϵͳĬһ£ڿʬ壬ֲǣһŻظ
ܡ
ⲻţΪʲô
Ҳֱ࣬ӸԤϵĶϵͳص
Ǹո˭ֳ踴ģ֮ǰ˵ĳ⻹£ʱϵͳĬ£ʵ
ϵͳȴԼоݣٶȸ˳𰸣޷Ԥ磬ܸԤ㡣
ôԤҡ
Ҳܰ㴦ʬ塣ϵͳ
ϵͳĻش𣬳ⰴüĵذɱģܹҪһΣȻ뵽˽̫һʼҲûЩ˻Ṧ书һ޸֮ˣΣա
ϵͳڶ˵Լ޸֮ˡ
ܲؿһû֮ǰɣ
ϵͳ
Ĭһô
ⴹۣظɿһҪ书
ϵͳ


7 
ٶݵľĬ
С죬ϵͳĳһ䡣

ĿǰԳϵͳ˽⣬ϵͳӦȷʵƭΣϵͳĻشǡСǡ޷衱ѵζոճĻȷʵʵֵĿܣ
ΪʲôУƤһּѯʵ
δɣҺԽЩôʧˣҲޱϵͳ΢΢
üֻصԭȥôܻڴһЩĵĶ
ϵͳ˼书ֻҪ˻ʵ۾ͿӵС
Ҿǰ͸֧һңҶܰ׬Ϣ
ϵͳ
ָָϵʬ壬Ҳоݣ㿴ѾǹмϸոдˣҲΪǽ˰ɣ
ո˭˵ĵɱţ
ˣϵͳҺҲԵ֪ôƺʵ
ϵͳһ£Ӳش׾Թ϶Ȼѣҽг
֣ˣ֣㿼һ£
ϵͳ
̫ͻȻϵͳʼԭʲôˡ
һвһ˿ⶨۿȥ֮伸ǵشӿи֣Χת
Щڰ˿˲ףЩâӦľذ׳ʱǹһޡ
һϲϵͳٶͰ˵ǰԤ֧㲿书ٳٲҽὫա
һʼֻΪ̽ϵͳû뵽Լĥ¾Ȼüһʵʲô
κ˶Ṧϵͳ
⣺
书ۿ۱ṦγȷԼ׼Ṧǰǰ׺
֮ǰϵͳ͸ľذȷȷʵʵԵֵһôڻõṦӦҲġ
ṦûʲôɱҪı˶죬ô̿ͣҲӲӲĶԿ
ټһľذףԱ´ࡣ
ϵͳȥףĶǡʱ
۾΢ܿڷ֮ǰĺӰһԾϷֻһ棬˱ͬһһȦƮȻ£Ȼᡣ
л֡ص
ǺǡϵͳԣӲ
֪Լոصֲһ䣬ַģԵϹᣬһϡ
ϵͳûд𻰣Ĳȥ
⸴վŴϵʬ壬ӴĹӰܿЦֽ֮ǰںӰϵĺڲϣȡӽǴļͷӺӰ˵ĺа˳
ӰѾͷ֮ûнѪҺ
⽫ͷСӰ¹񣬲һҲȡһ׺ɫ·ϡ
ֳȻߣͨҪݣϺ֮ԭԵø޳ԭϸʱȥøխˣϸͬŮӵһӯӯһա
⽫ľذױϣһڲѧźӰһ
ֻʣһ˫۾¶棬˾ӿ˼ۣȻֳ賤ȷʵеŮˣôºڲڷģҲϳ
׼һк󣬳ĵصȴɫ
˵Ϣͳ⴫粻ͬʱ·ϵѾɢȥֵĽַϤȣǵĽַ䣬ֻмеƻ͸Ŵ׺źҹһЩϸϸļҳԻйģģҹɫ໥С
ȵҹ٣Ŷš
ָ²㣬ҹɫڸǣܿ챳źӰ˵ʬԾ䣬ָܡ
ָ¥֮ϣɼҵƻ𣬳ֻһۣһݣ̤񷿵שϡ
ϵͳṦίʵǳһˣ֮ʱҲǾĵģ·̤ѩ޺ֻۡŵʬίʵֳ豾˻أоʮֳ
ĿĵزԶ
ܿڷ֮ϼ£󴩹Уչһլͣ
լռعǽߣɡլſڵգ顰븮֡
ֳ뿵ֺۡ˵ĵسеһѽΣ̫ξĸϡ
⿴۴Žյ븮ܿᳶṴ˴ǣӰʬƽط븮ſڡʹļֿ̧븮Ĵš
ͷܿ촫Ų
ṦϢط븮ǰܵĻ
źܿ챻ˡһҶģ߳鿴״ܿ췢ֺڵϵˡ
ҶȥŲһʬ壬̵һæȥһ븮ĹܼҳˣʬɫҲһ䣬ܻظڡٸһСᣬ˴æشӸܳһ˶ڳ˵Ϥǰ뿵
뿵ʬɫԵúѿʬŵĲ˶·סˡ
ô£븮ڣһ߳Լʮĸߴףģ뿵а˷ƣӦǴе̫ξԴ
֦ͷ۾
뿵Ȼ֪Լͷϻ˶ţʱѾ˷ִ磺ףaˡ
ԭɱԼֽaġ
ⰵﴧȣſڵԴѾһ뿵һѴӵΧùܼҽʬ̧븮
븮źܿ˻ȥϿ븮ŵԺڴҴţʬ̧Ժ
ϴѾʲôһ˼ľذϣһԾҹɫ븮
븮ڲּһֻмѾߺͼҶڸڸɻս븮һӻѲ
̫ξбȨЩ֣һۿȥֻԶҲǽܣ΢΢
СضܻǱ븮ʬķ䡣
ڣһʬ壬Ӱ
һӰţʬ˿ڡ
ô𣿡ʡ
aһһŵ˻ش
Ա뿵𣺡ôܣaĲǸôᡢôᡭ
ѵǽ
ܡʵ۲޶ŵü뿵ӣһ͟aļˣ֪ȥ𣿡
ҡҡ
뿵Ҫż˵̫ξ
뿵ȣԱߵˣҧßaȥɱֳˡ
ʲôԱͬʱʡʬվüֳղѾaһˣ
֪뿵ЩŵϵğaĵڿƾٷŰʱּˣûȡҵİλãЦ
ݵĳĬ
뿵ЩȻô죿ֳǴӵĶ֪Ҫıֻ㵱ʱҲǿˣ


8 Ͼ
գֳһ븮
ϳּҼţҲѾھǴȥŶоڱָָ㡣
첻ţֳĻ뿵뿵ԼдΪʲô䵽˵ϡ
븮ܿ븮ŵĶ
븮ͣʱҹ˾͵͵شǣһȺ˴븮пһһĶϡЩҲͰᶫһźڲ˸ʲô
Ҫҵ뿵ʱҲߣ˱˶š
ֳ迴뿵һϲȴ־ƺԡ
ԥҪҪǰ
Ҳʱǰ˵һ˿գһɫӿ£ص
ƹƹҵش̶ŵĶҲɢһأҹɫ۵ĺ⡣
ֳȻһŵסԼ͡
뿵˽һصļʸ
ֳغһ뿪븮ɻҵĽŲȴߵʯ


ı
Ȼ
ȷʵײ¡˻ش뿵ĻҲֳֻһ棬ȷ˾ּҵӡ빫˵ɱ˿²ֳ豾ˣ
֮ô¸՟aһĨøɾۿġ
ֳһģһ뿵ɫ΢ףȴձaɱ֮֮ǰ˵ĻףȴҲʬ塣ºΣǵļƻĻҪȥ𣿡
ҹݶϷŵĺɫӰ˿ҹɫΪһ塣
̫ξߵԵǳﱸѾãôΪһͣͲҶʱμ㲻ȶ֣Ҳ֡ҿοƾ٣⽫߳⣬Ѿá
ףֳ轫ȡ֮ǻʵҪõˣ
ǣʵۻǸ䣿ΪĺֶΣǿֳһ̼֮ӣԶȨûеɣֹԮǸİӡ

ִOO@@ⲽ
һԴ𣺡ֳѾǰɱ֮»ᾪ˽ߡﳡΧԾüޣǲѾãʱ˶¶ˡ
ǡҪô죿뿵ʵ
ԴԼĶһֻۣ뿵һһէίʵʧЦ㲻ɱֳ裬ֳڲһܸ浽ǰߣ¿ƽʿʥ֮󣬵ﳡΧպͿʼˣֻҪΧаɱ飬ʱʵۼݱȨһУʱûسβһ񣿡
뿵ԣ΢Ǹ׵õ£ϸýǧС
СС񣬻ֳʲôˡ
г뿵һĵǟaĻ
빫ӷģɱa֮˿ˡڣֽѾҿa˿ڣ´ֶμߣӦǽ¼֮ˣֻǲ֪ʲôĿġ
¼ˣ
뿵Դɫһ䡣
˵˴ǺȻɫûȷ˷Ӧѷɿᵶ߿ţһΣͬһϷ߶
߶ϴƬ̤
뿵̫ξҲæ߳䣬ҹɫ£ֻһվڷɱһ
ȴҲֻгһˣӰ
ˣԴɫ΢
Ŀ⻷ܣĵصʣҶˡ
¸ɫԻ
ʱ븮⣬һӰԾֻؿһ۱ƻͨĸۡ
Ӱոձ뿴뿵ӿ˵ġʲôˣ볢ƿƬȻ
ϵͳṦҲ㹻㹻ᣬڳϷʱѸٷӦжߣûóץԼӰ
뿴Ѿܣ췿͵ȴίʵľ֤һûа
ȻѾ鱨ⲻ븮ͣصָ»صԼķ䡣
ķӰյڶһֱû˽룬ڻԼ͟aĴ򶷵ĺۼط˸ǹʬĴ죬ᳶ˳ջǽ˿ͨͨһÿȥ¹﷭䵹㻻·ȡЩصڴϣ¡
ıﳡԡȴһһԺ¡
˺һ˯ȥ
Ȼҹ¶أһĵһ˯òȣ˯ûʱξбһŮس·̧
磬㲻Ҫ𣿡Ůʵ
뿪ڣȴʲô˵
ü£·һ
ڶ峿ֳķҲŵ
˵ϢԭȻһڴʶã˺һһ㽹࣬ǰȥš
ڷغ򣬼Ŵ򿪣ϽЦүˣѾ׼ˣȹʱ͸ȥʡˡ
ʱֺͰ˽յг̣Ϊֳ;㶣һҪԼҵĴү
⵭Ӧһûʾֻ˹䡣
Ҫֳķ￴ȥֻոոմɨûȻһµķʱһƬǽ壬ԭϺõĲڵķѣǴȫ޵Ĳ˿Ҳһңطڽ
үôọ̈дʹѡֻҪ˵䣬ȻֳǸ߹ˣæ
ûᣬȥŷ˵ͷˣȻط֮ʱѾ˴ķ䣬ȥɾˡ
ڷ⣬Ѿ˼ĺӣϻŲ
үүصظ׼·
½ŲֻеĲǳɫ˿ߣڳ˿⣬һǼ۸񲻷Ƶģҹ¹зҵЩ־ص΢΢ü߸ӣ⸱װɣ
үԲӣү˵ˣȻѰֳүǰۣվǰ棬ȻҪһЩøӡ󡣡
ӡ󽲾ֺǣҪӸǮ֡
ֻ䴫ŷ贫ɱֶ֪£ǲӡ̡
⵭ؿۣҲ粵ȡ·طϡ
Ⱥ򣬲һ̣һ˴ӷ˳˴ʱһŵɫ˿֣䡢ڴ̽𷭱ߣһݲϵߣԺɫ䣬˸˶Ȼ̤䣬һϵֳ
ԭôүŮһ棬ûֳȴͬƵģʸպ̬֮䣬·֮ԭȻһֳݰ״죬˵ĸо
ֻ·⣬ûϵͷɢңٶûá
үҰ״æǰֳò
Ŵ·ֽΣԼûǸ츳ֻùܼԼڡ
ϸĵظ⴦ϸڣԶֳֽ˿÷ں¶һ˿ޣֳָ踧ƽ·ϵۺۣͣͣ϶ˣүͺÿˣ˷ǰȥ̫ξĺøС
Ҫλĺø췽ҹ̷Ǻλ
߰ɡ⳶´ǵ
æӦǼ֮鲻ֺܿǺǵذ׼õĴС𣬸ֳ뿪ָ


9 
һᣬ⵽ʡǰ
ʡǵⶨ֮Ϊ͢顢顢ʡⶨ¸ˡִСƾһȾÿ꿪ʿԻǰл飬лࡣ
һЩʿа֮󽫻ڹְǣΪ٣еһžֻܼһĴǹʲ絽Ρ
ʿǺ򳡼䣬ȴƳһǳɫӰƫƫγڣƽխзߵ׺עĿ
½Ľʿǲɵ㶣ʶϿȥȴģװ׾òֳ˭
Ǹˡ
ô磬±˲֪˭
ǺǣϾֺĶӣмֳǮ˹ġ
ʿţδţֻһߵǰţԼİλİõվһڽʿһӰ

ʿǼ˺֮߳ģɵֻ޲ۣȻôһа񣬻Ǹڶ
ͬΪһʿ޹⣬ɨ¡
ȳ絽״Ԫ֮Ҳ΢΢ӲԵòڣҶļʿصع̸ԻЩΣһûһš
Ҳ⣬ֻһվ˼ʲôֱǰ΢񣬸Աߵ֮һ򿼹
״Ԫ֮򿼹лʱ΢Цֳ򿼹лʱһаģɫǽһ£ȵλ̽ЦݲŻָԭӡ
֮ٱڽʿʡΰࡣΰ֮ʱڷ鼮βУһۣԭ뷨ֻǷ֮ģ˸Ҿ뿪ˡ
ѾڹȺʱԼҵү߳æӭȥ
үôŵ
֮ʱһ˺޲۾ﶢĳ΢΢һЦС
Ǿ̫ˣάҾ˵үմ磬϶עĿ
⣺
һѾȥһȺʿνơⲢȤҲûԸ⺰䣬ʱˣǰ븮
ȥ븮Ҳֺصؽ֮ء
۾΢΢С
ؾĻᣬ˵ֱӽ븮š
ֳͣԵСֹСһȥÿ븮ĺš
Ҳ֮ʣһָͣ£һһ˴ƺСصŽ³ִӳȡһĺ
ʱ³һ̧ۼúͶԷײϡ


źźӵֽһ£æһӲ󣺡ֳ֡裬㡢ô!
⿴ǰһۣɵ£ӳӡ
ˣ
ıС
˵һһףһʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲô֮ǰõ븮ſˣҶ鿴
үϣʲô£Ҷʵ
׼˵ǣֻںȻһź·ˣ֪οڡ
Ҳεò֪Ҫôڡ
ǳȵ𣺡¿״Ԫֳ֮裬ص̫ξϣͽǼү
ˣ
Ҷ
˲ǱˣǸոջֳһõ¿״Ԫ֮
֮Ҳûȥνơص˸ٵʱ븮ݷ뿵뿵̫ξ׽պ÷ԼڳţȴûȻڴ˴ֳ裬Էˡ
ҲͰˣȻ˵ͽᡱĴ
Ҳǡ֮æص
㲻ģ⿴֮ôҲزĺӣĿڵͷͨһֻһǰͽᡣ
֮ôôᣡ
֮ǳ˳飬ܿһ빫ӵġ
ҶԥؿһۣŻظϵϢ
ҵ˺ּҵһͬվȺ򣬸֮һû븮࿴ߵֳһֻۣԷǽһǳɫ׺˿͸˸ģǱ¡
侲Եóƽͣ˫ü΢ƺĿϸܵĽëµӰģȴ˵ŮӵȻȴӣָо֯һ𣬾Ȼ˵Ŀ
Ȼֳ̧̧
Щʲô
֮ոԼֳ뷨Ȼæ
Ҳ֮ʣԭرյ븮ֱˣҶֳ֮˽һ·Ժһͤ
ͤϣһ˸ֶŲæͷĿɨվڸſڵλֳ϶һ£ϽƿĿ֮ϡ
ӣˡͤϵ֮ǰ֮һȥ뿵
֮۾һæǰк˱ʶ˵ûֳ裬˼̫֮ξ顣
뿵¶һ˿ǸȻҸǰ£ʱ鲻ֻдǡ
Ļ֮΢΢һ٣֪ԼҪ̫ξ϶ûʸֻ뿵չ̨صø͡
֮ǿ뿵˵ţ
ƽʱ׽ӴſͲֻ֮һˣܵҲʤɽʱ뿵ֻüһɲȻ̲סԱߵֳ衣
һӦ˶ţô
뿵ĬĬҧȴֳĿʵϡ˴ʱͤߣųеĽȥ
ϸ׵Ĳӣ糺Ĵɫһˡ
뿵оԼ۾ֳϵĳֶһ£΢΢۾
֮뿵˴룬ҲŽĿƵֳϡ
оϵĿЩˣŻͷ뿵һۣҲŽԼе˳ȥȻ̫ξڣҵЩҲȷɡ
֮뿵ֳֿ衣
ˡһ䣬ֳҲԼࡣ
֮΢΢һ㶣û뵽Է͵˷¡
뿵Ҳһ㶣ĿסֳתıӰؽеֳ裬һ£
ֳĽŲûͣ
뿵֣һץסֱֳۣǿԷüֳ裬˵һ£
ľٶͻȻԱߵ֮һ
ʲô£뿵Ծ뿪ֻת뿵
ģƽͣһѧõʱ뿵ͣһ£죬ֳ裬㻹ǵҳǩ𣿡
ǩѰһ£ܿЦ㻹ţ

ֳЦݣ뿵΢΢һ㶡
빫ӣûʲôµĻҾˡֳĻٶȴүһȥҵûȥˡ
뿵ֻɿ֡
ֳֵ޷죬ǲ޴Ӳ
ֳΨ֮Աһ˺ҵģֳ裬ֿ뿵ֻ˵Ĺϵƺôһ㲻ͬѰ
ֳǸ䣬ô뿵ߵģ
֮һᣬæҲ뿵𣬼Ҵ׷ֳ裬ʵֹӣոաոˣ빫ô£
ǰһһƣ
һֻ۾бſ֮
֮ȴûԾⲻԹԵֹиҪ֪ǧ뿵ĸȨƣʡ඼Ҫ֣ܺ빫ӳϹϵ̫ξ֮ദҪãյٲƽƣҡֱϰ
ֳһ븮ּ뿵Գ̬ȣʱֻΪֳԼһˣ˵е׽
ȴ֪Ĭһ¡
и
ǿɲǡʥ϶̫ξһַȥģ̫ξ֮ɲֻһ֮¡֮Ȼָź԰֣Ц㿴ŵƬ븮ۡɣ˵ʱҲǰչ֣֮ˮʹ췽Բý

ղҹ븮һİۺѧʶ״Ԫȫû֮˵ָо
֮ô˵
۾΢΢
չ֮ʱ˼ҪҪﳡΧԵ½࣬ʱΪЩ֮ĵ⡣
̫ξıһ£ǵСĽ֪ͨʵ۲ɡ


10 
״ԪǼʶ㡣ϣЦ
֮һ䣬Щ΢ü仹ЩԵ֮ɫѧЩƫѡ
ЦЦ̸֮˼䣬̸䲻빬и֮֡ѧʱȤ²ֳ渵ӹиֵʼҷˮϲ
Ц̧֮û
״ԪѬѬȻû뵽һѧµֳҲûеĲ˲¥һģ䣬ЦһĽ̸
ѹ뿵ῴ֮а롣
ߵ⣬ֳ֮轻̸»ͷϣۼҪ뿪ȻЩᡣ
ֹӡȵߣᣬǰǳЦվˣ̾˿˴˶ƫҿӲ̫ⷻЩš

£ܿЦŻصлӿ
֮԰˰֣ȴ
ЦֵüҶ뿪
Ա߸ֳȴһһ㶵ġ֮ǰ֮ոյ븮ʱԼүиңôԺ½״Ԫɱֳһ̸ĸо
үλ״Ԫɺ̬ȲԱ۵
ո뿵չֱۡ
վԭЦǺǵүԺڳΪ٣ܶһѾǶһ·״Ԫǰ;үܺãȻʮֲġ
ĬĬػصϡ
үãݵõöϼһᣬֻصּҡ
ֺʮֳֹ飬ֳظٹȥѯʡӦ˼⣬Ա߲һЩֺɫ
ԼĴӣʱֳ½װ磬ЩĹӸģص˵ͷֳ뿪
뿪ּǰãŷţ»صԼķ䡣ڷϴţȡֽʣڰдһὫīˮɣϸ۵½ڣժ·ڣȥűӱĿϢ
һ˯˯˰ҹⷽתѡŷŵ͵ƿ˻ᣬž˾Լʶ´Ӵϴĺɫȡϣ
ţɢͷúڲ𣬲ΧϺڲ¶ֻ۾
۾Ϣ
ϵľС͵ƴ뿪䣬ɳָӽŷдֱһӵߣͣ
ӵԼʮɣɫˮľɲ⡣ںӵһߣһΡǽٺӶǻ˸
ǻǺӣǵǽȥӦǻʹˡ
΢΢͵һΣһϢѾԾˮϣ䣬ֻˮϼѾɾǽ¡
ǽͷлʹ߹
ǽ߰һȵŲԶٿӰԾǽͷɿֻǽͷѵо΢΢һΣӰѾûʹĺڰ֮
ʹھĵģ빬һҹɫ
ԻʹĶǽ룬ɿǰһ·ܻʹʱһţ۾΢;ȥʱڼһۡǽߣһľ֮£Ⱦɫ顰鷿֡
鷿ǻʵÿմڵĳʱеƹȴδӰֻŮſţ⡣
Ƶ鷿ԱߵŴشһ϶
沢ûˣ۵ֻϵŵһ¡
΢΢һЦᲽ鷿ڣ֮ǰõֽȡһۣ콫е̧𣬽ֽѹ档
˵ϵȻỹҪ𣿡ڷĹŮĽ̸
˭֪أ⼸춼˯ģŰɡһŮӦ
һŮֵ͵͵߶һ䡣
ûг»صߣСط鷿
鷿ѻʵ۵ݣֻҪĻʵţؾܹ
һ۽Ǽл˴Ѳ㷭뿪
鷿ǽһ԰֣԰ּľͦο㣬лԴ䣬ذ㣻˴ǽûйѲߣŸǱһ󣬱һ̶ˮӳˮӳ£һľס
ˮУʯ۳ˮ̨ףһ·ϣڵĸ
ĽŲ΢΢˶٣̧ۿϱߡ
ʱĳϱһˡ
һɫĲӰ˷׷ڣ¶һĲü󝣬ӡ⣬ˮһȻţü΢Ŀһڳϡ
ʣӰ¹ˮ⣬һ⣬ȴ벻⣬һִһùһɫ˿زš
ϵģڻʼҺ԰ﾹȻд顣
̲ס࿴һۡ
˾Ͷǰ·ϣͤԱǳˮòֻɲؽŲ
׼أȻڴ˼䣬ذ׺͵һһѸնֳѸٷӶ

ľذӹ֮ϸ΢Ľľͷײ۽Ǵϸϸ¡
룡
΢΢һ㶣ȻӦͫ˲伱ľذ׷ɿӡ
˭Ҳ֮ʱһӰٿڳԭ֮أĿų⳷ķ
һΣط鷿ǽ֮ϡ
ǽ֮£һӻѲ߶ѴǽӰ
д̿ͣΪ׻ʱѣ


11 ԸΥ
һ̿͡ڰĹһʯǧˡǽ»ɿȡУǽӰΧ
鷿ʿҲѸٸԴӸǽ¿ֻϡ涼лѸٳԼ£
԰ֵ棬ǵͻȻֵİӰҲѾᵶƽ
Ӱٶȷǳ죬ڹǽ˲䣬ӰѾӰеʣҶһԵر

ͫ΢΢һԼϵͳľذףҲûȵ£ѾһΣٴӹǻ鷿߾֮ϡ
Ӱһգһ̧ͷķٶһһϢȣβɱϣɱþ֦ͷҡΣҶ䡣

оʱǽлƽӰ׷ɱҲͣٶȴӾԾ鷿ߣṦ䣬ʱĻʹǽɿȥ
䣬Ѿԭȵ鷿ʮɵľ롣
ԭǽĻʹֻһĴ̿ͺӰӰӣɵȵٻʱǴ̿;ȻѾԶݶȥ
Ǵ̿ͿεǺǿӣû뵽ٶ˾ˣ
ǰæֳ֣һ˻ݣһ̿ʧİѰ
ͨĽ׷̿ͣûãǱ㳹ʧȥ˴̿٣ֻܰе̺
;Ψ԰ֵİӰûͣ£ģ׷
ںܿʣӰһǰһ׷Ҹϣٹһᣬ֮ľҲӰʹ̿ʹرʮɣִʮʮɾ롣
Ӱһ׷ϣһüʱУǸ̿͵ĺӰѾֻʣһڵ㡣
ٶʵ̫ˡ
̿ǰǾ޴Ļʹǽǽǻʳ硣
ǽߴʮɣһ˸ܴϷԽǺӰִ﹬ǽǰȴûһ˿ֱͣͣǣֻһ谭˳ǽ
ӰһҲ˹ǽ¡ǿһҲŷɵǶϣǽ֮ʱϢٶۿʱӰȴѾԥشΡ빬ǽһԾ¡
ǽлӰֻӰӰһɫԾ֮ʱͷɫԷ裬ȼԲϢ
˭ڳǽϣǽǽͷܿΧ˹Ӱ֮һݡ
·ˡǽͷ
·ˡİӰԱ߽ŵĻһۣûп˵תҲǽԾ£䣬ʧڹڡ
ǽһʱ֮Բ֪ʲôǸϽڣΨпʹһ⣬ƺ鷿ڵĵط
ʱ鷿ȷʵƻͨ⣬һӵǰϷԴ鷿ڣʮֻѻܶ鷿յͬ졣ԭ鷿ҹŮʱŵɫ԰ףսսվһߣſڣҲҳһ
ӰӻʳǳǽϷأ΢ԥƬ̣߽鷿ڡ
鷿ֻһ鰸ϡɫྲ鲻һ˿·ոշ޹һ㡣ڵƹ⳹ҹϢڹӰܵᴹؿһۺ۵ֽ
ֽʲּ
ϣ²δץ̿͡ӣӰϥص
ӰΪϵӿֽã̧۾ǰİӰ
Ӱ˶٣״˵մ̿Σ²δϳǺ·Ṧǽ¼ˡ¼Ƕ೷룬費ҪڳмѲ飿
ʹд̿Ϯ·ͬСɡǴ̿ͽʹ֮֮ȥ磬ίʵľٶǱ빬УӰҲԾ޷ܡ
οղӰ֮ʱ͵ϮȻöԷѣʵɼһ
¼һֱʹҲ֪˵󡪡Ṧ׿¼գɶԺŲ顣
Ӱɿ˼¼̧ȴڰǰĻʵ۸ջ⣬δеֽڰǰĺǰ
ϻֽܿ
ӽŵֽ¯Уֽϻ΢΢´ǣ¶ǳĻȡ
ءӾ·ߣȥɡ
ǡ·һ㶣΢һ˿죬˷ջҪ˵ĵǣͷӦǡ
Ŀط¯ڵֽѾ׽ֽƬɣһֻʣ±һƬ˼̧ۣۿ⡣
йеƻɢҹڰ
ţɫָ糣һ亮Ȫ
*
һ·ӹж뾩ǣڳȦ֮ȷû׷٣˿·ָء
ȥʹһˣоԼĺ󱳶ʪ͸ҹ紵ϣĺ⡣
ո׷ǵӰίʵ׷֮ʻ밵ͣȣϵͳľذڲ࣬ǰϵͳ衱Ṧ⼸ȷԼβˣһûҾ͵ɴ̿͵ͷ
ȥҪ־ͱʵäɱ
ǵ͹˻ʵߵľ䣬ҲȫȻûջ
٣̫ξͼﳡΧ֮ʱı飬Ѿװ׵дֽϡʵῼȡΧԵˡ
뵽˴غһ
ûҹɫש߼̧ͷ۸¡
ĵҹϵͳҶӣڵȥҲ֪ʲôʱܻصԼԭ硣
ʱźԭǷͬٳûлȥԭô죿ô죿᲻
˼ңüصָȥԺԴ˾ˮطϴ֮£ɻشϡ
죬˯ʣʶһ£󽫱ͷһɣߡ
Լֹʱͣķ䱻ˡžžÿˡ
ŵ˻ԱĶ٣λЩϲ
үү𣿡͸ոհֳӻؼʱĹάͬԵø˷ܡ
ڱת˸
ûűֱܼĿˡֻ߽ڱһͷæǰֳ衣
үѣⶼʲôʱˣ˯ˣ񲿵˹ˣǰõȥϴϴȥˡһһߵ
ʶ˾ۣں˼۾΢΢𣺡񲿣
ǰ񲿴ǼҪ˵
ƹ빱٣ʱƾѾȥ飬ʱͻȻʲô£
üشӴȴ㻺æԶָڣָ·һӺڰ˴ӷ˳ȥ
ֻһ·ǰá
ǰôѾһźɫĹԱ̫ʦϣԱʮü֡Աֺ赹ˮС̺š
һ°׾еǰ񲿹Աϸϸֳģ
ӣҲʲôʱˣŴ˺õȣֺ״װģѵֳһ١
̧Ƥֺһۡ
ֺĿƵ
ԱߵŴѾ˰֣޷޷ΪʥͻȻʱľ¿֪ͨԭҲû֪ǡ
ֺڨЦӦ֪Ŵ˴˴ʲôʥּ⡭
ŴŲʹԱߵСǰС϶һ̣кɫ½ź˾ƣȥʮϸ£½֮ϣһǶڲɫϵƣطм䡣
֮΢΢̧ۣȴŴʥҪȥﳡΧԣΪнʢ£˵¿״Ԫۡ̽һͬΡ
˵ţŻԱżֺֿǰǸȫǶĶ䣬ְ֪ۣͨǵúú׼


12 ֮ǰ
С·ڹض˵ֳǰ
⿴·㶡
ոûдĻŵĹԱ֪ͨȥﳡΧԵġﳡΧҪıɱʵۣ֪㽫°ֽд̫ξaġдźֽʹ鷿ڣԭΪʵۻȡµĴʩû뵽ּһͬǰ
ԣʵûпԼдֽ
лŴˡԱߵֳֺģüѵ
лŴˡŻ񣬽ӹɫ¡
Ŵӡ
ֺæǰѾõŴɫŴһ࣬Ѿóӱþ磬Ŵȼߣ
үŴ˵˵ӣؽУЦȾƾͲˣ潻üһȥ̽ɼ֪ͨʱ䣬پۡ
ֺЦſ˼䣬Ŵ˳
ǰúܿʣ³һˣάŶ̵ƣĿȴǰ̫ʦδʱ̫ʦελÿһˣȴֱֱضţ΢ɢȻûнԼҵһ
Ժս鷿ĳ
鷿Ӧǻʵ۸˵˽ܳԼϵͳӳֵĸǱ鷿ڣӦû˻ܵʵ۵ǰȥϵۡ
ļƻֻҪʵۻص鷿ۣһֽᷢô£ѵΪ̿ôһ֣ʵûٻ鷿
˵ֽѹ汻ˣ
ʵ۵̴㿴ţҲӦûתʵֽۣǺ̫ξйصˡ
ҪҪȥȷһΣ
ü
ʱ˼ңΨһܹǣյΧԻǳΣա
ȥʹ»ʹѼǿλһ־׷ɱͣİӰóڻ£ٳȥʵۣƻûʵ۾ͻᱻٶȵ̿ʹ
뵽˴Ŀڶ˶ŵĺϣͫ΢΢
¿ҪǰӦҲһֳȥʵۡ
Ȼ鲻֪ʲôչܹڻʵ۵Աߡ
ʵڲУڻʵʱӦ
˼룬糤֮¡
ţս̡
*
·Աʽɫ½ºڲģѹߣΪδְ쵽ĹٷǰֻžƺͺˣûװΡ
磬㿪ʼ·뷢ڣڹĵ˰ʱ֮ʧܸգԼװ
ǰǳ⣬ղͬգܲһһһϵ¡
ǵһΰͷˡϵ·÷ֽڳͷϰϵŵĺɫ˿Ȼֳļղ࣬Ц
үūԴ㿼а֮ԽԽˡǰֳ裬Ҳѹүһֱ;ٷһɣ
⿴ǰľӣĿĻֳ
üܿƿߡ
ȴϲ̵ؿǰˡ˵ǰүص·ҹӸһôүźɫٷü󝣬ͫ䣬ǰк˹ȥӢ
Ψһȱ㣬žǴү̫ˡֳԵ̫ϸȥûЩٵǰ䡣
ûϵͷȥֺ˵һүĵľĶӣ϶ֳúòһ
ϣʱѾˣֳǰ񲿹
񲿹⣬֮ˣּҵ̽ͷ³ֳк˹
Դֳ֪뿵ϵͬһԺֳ̬֮ת䡣ʱ񲿹ǰҲֻͬһʿ໥ʶ֮ȻҲֳԼ顣
ֻƽʱĻ࣬ȥ˻ʹ֮о֮ûʲôĵġ
֮Դ˴ݳ²ֹʱ򣬻ϵٹʱҪӹһ֮Ǿ͵񲿵Ĵȥʳ̡ҺȿˮЩûйְˣúƷ¹Աһͬʵ۵̲ееú·
ȥΧԣ֮ͷͷǵʵ
ôܣΧֻҸ˵֮ЦЦҸĹԱɣҺȵ۳һΧԡǳƴ󣬵ڶ£նһֱ߶š
ԱǴƷְھȻǸ٣ҲʯˮĬĬš
ƷְҲּҺ̫ࡣΪ٣ñ˼ӵܣ̵ķӣλ˲ֹһǳ֮ǰȥײ֮ˣôһ˼ҳˣʿһֳ̼֮ӡ
Ĭһ£Ҳû⣬ʵΧԵʱҲ¿ƵĽʿ𣿡
⵹ûС֮۾һС񲿵Ŵ˵ǻʱ⡣Ͻǹȥ϶⡣ϵĻ֮٣ȻΧԵʱҿҪúñֱ֣ʱܹһľ١
̽أ⵹û֮Щ⣬ʶʵ
ʵټףֳ֮ǰף׵֪̽ںδ
㣡ͱʲô̽ˡ֮˶ĵطŬ죬Ľ̽ɱгϢˣʷʷǸ֮һôһֱϵĹϵûô
⣺
Ҫӡǡ֡ֺ
˳֮ŬķȥȻһԼʮҵӴźһĹٷ߻ΧżŹٷĹԱٷŵĻǰ»ȸһʮ죬Ȼյּ֪ͨŴˡ
ԱּʱĹȣŴЦúͰס
֮һ꣬Ȼǹٻң׵ĹٲȺƷϵȻ㲻ʲôںܹվһģҲֳֻˡ
Ȼֳ贫Ǹ䣬ֹͦýһ·ϣҲ
ٲԵþ̫ơ
֮ϣͺͳ𻰲硣һʷѾã˴οֲܲΧԣһ˵ǰռȻҹżз纮ҲۣΨǰͽ̫ξǾֳǰΧԡ
΢΢üȴҲû˵ʲô
֮񲿴ǰʳǡ֮ͬУֵܿΡĳǽ¡
ǽ棬Ѿлʼ׼ڼǰ̴ӼʮˣлʹˣݣΪһ裬зƣҪڷɣܱа𣬷ĦԹ֮
񲿴Ĺܿࡣֹһʱ䣬ʽǰһ·гǣɽ·Ȼ֮˵һࡣڲ࣬˭¡
֮ߵиԤͷֳ裬ȴԷɫ糣ɵþȡ
㲻𣿡֮ʵ
ϵͳṦļӳ֣ȻۡĬĬ˸ڣҲ׳
֮Լͷ󺹵ţա
ڶ·˸бɫҲֳֻôûԭģ˷糾ͣûһ
һȥһ㶼׳
֮ЩĽֳǸɶ˿㣬ѹ뿵ῴһ;棬Ѿ۵˵ʲôĻˣȵԳйٹ񣬾ֱų˸λϢ
ֻһ߸˹ȥһ򰵰ԳΡ
һƬԳλھΧɽͷɽӣȥڵһƬԳ㣬ȵʱԣԸ޽˹
һЩŮ׼ˮ㡣
ʱ񲿵ŴִҴ˹ѰһᣬĿֳ֮ϣǰôҺҡ̫ξ˵Ҫǡ
̫ξ֮ʣͷֳһۡ
ֳ鵭ģ˻ֻ̧̧ۡ
ŴѾӻǰֹ̫ξҲڵǻϽȥ


13 Σ
һϡ֣֮ʱ˾׸һҾ˵ɡ
ⲻֻûп
ȾͲµ¿ױ֪ͨΧԣȻᱻʵ֮ʱ룬ּֽԱߵĳ⻹侲֮۽üѹֲס˷ܣһĬŴ֮һͬ뿪Ʒ
Ŵ˽˴ɽǰٳĿУУɽǰƽԭܲ죬ڿӭչ衣£ٹվԲ࣬ʹԴԱδնׯȻ
ӽ£ŹȻ档
а룬Ȼߴһ㣬̤أȥֻһɫ£нƣצ̾ᡣһƥɫ֮ϣ㷭ɣУſڳ۳ҶĿϣöԷڣ¶̶ˮüۡ
է˫۾һ㶣ȻЩϤ
ԺкȻʯǰԼ鷿԰Ļ棬˺Ȼһ
Ŵ˵ѾŴ˼֮ˣæ̧°ڸףؾһݣϣ¿Ƶ״ԪѾˡ
֮࣬ȫǳɳŴȴϹϾ
֮æӦŰݼ֮ˡⱾվԭأ֮ʾ£Ҳڸݼ֮
΢΢ǰһ𣺡ϣƥоΣȵķһǧıԣܼԦ˴ΧƱ绢
˵Ϥ̫ξ
ϵ˵Ӧƥɡ
ԴһЦ̧ͷУſڹݵˣϣҲˣָͷͿʼɣ
áʵӦ
ԴǰˣɨĺӰʱ۾΢΢ȴЦ̧ܿ½ףٹǰ
̧֮ͷ㶣ĹٴһеǰŸʵǰ߹ȥ
β
Ͽûʲô飬ʱȴӿôһ˿˿ĺڡ
λʵ۵ò԰һģһ֪Ǹ˾ǵʥϣͲӦðŵݵ鷿Ӧֱڸ¥ϽֽһţͶݵǰ
֪ͨͿ϶λʵۻҲܹȷ֪̫ξҪ췴
ȻԸΥʵڻ̫ξһ֪֪Ǹ⣬ѣԱٹٿţλᣬҪֱӺͻʵ˵ԴıȲ˵ʵۻ᲻ţԴԴУһԻڡڮٸ󳼵
òʧ
˼ԲߡԱߵԴȴְۣôߵñŮһǰɲǾ
΢΢һ
ԭô÷зڳֶǾ٣죬Ȼĳ
һЩûֳģʱҲɵúشֳֻۣҲǸӸߣĵûԴ˵֮Ƥ𪣬üԶ죬ɫһ֮µͨŮҪ۵öࡣ
öĿԼϣĬԴһۡ
ʱԴףǣŸͷĿ࣬ӸµؿԼߵƥҲ˸ǣ˦βԭز㡣
к裬㾪ɢȥ
ԱߵĻʵ۵û˵ʲôֻ̧̧ۡ
ջĿ⣬ǰվ֮ࡣ̽ĽҲվ˹
һ£״Ԫۡ̽ǰˡԴ״¶ЦջΧԣҪľǾˡλǻϼλ֮һѡ˲ţӦǳ͡Ż磬ԡΧԡΪ⣬˷ӣΪͷ
̫ξ˵ѯʣҲû˸ҷƾ֮󱾻лʵԽӼף±ڵǰ̸λʵ۰˶еԳΪ̫ξˡ
ٹ°Ȼ뿴½׽ʿҪӦ
ʿ⣬˼
ⰵüֵѧŻֳֻǸӣ˷ҲûۿôӦԣ
ɢȥĺ裬ĵƵ°ڱߡ
˼΢̧ȻؿԼҪҪĻʵۡ
ϣʵ۴ʱҲĿײš
ĿģڿԼ

һæĿ⡣
Ȼǰ̺򣬽һ족̫֡ξϣ֮ѾԸ£ͷʡ
̤࣬ǧﱦﳡ
սҰٴҰ
һ˵ʫ̲֮áʫһٹٷ׷׵ͷСۡ
ȻǾĲӣ˼ݣΪΣ̫ξԵ
ǸòͷʵϴṴ𣬵
ʵЦˣԱһڳӵͷ̫͡ξҲĿֳϣȻ״Ԫ˵һͷôڶͷְۣɡ
˼ʱӶڳϷַ׷λ°ϡ
ֳ̼֮ӣ丸˰ͽᵽǮټҲ֪ʲôˣһӶǲϴ֮á뵽˴ǲ£ҪֳڻʵǰǸʲô֡
Ҫ֪λµǻĻʵۣϲвŭɫǸ̺
ڳֳĿĴŽ飬ֻµڷϣϲŭɫüؿŹݵֳ衣
񲻲ţ״Ԫʫ䡣ͷͽˣ˶Ψһ״ʫ׸ϡ
ʫýʿʫ̫ξ¶ǡ
ʵۿųû˵
ǲ׳ˡ̧ͷ̫ξ΢΢һЦ򶨵ؿʵۡ
ﳡΧԣɽΣĴڵ
̫ξ
Դɫ΢һ¶֮ɫ
ֳ˹Ź֣ǰ˵ʲô
æƳĻʵֻۣ黹һɽģɫղһûб
ԱΪ׵ĳҲһԺĹ̲סڵ֣˵˲Ļ
Ա߼æ顣
վԱߵ֮Ҳ⿴ֳ裬Ȼֳ֪Ĳѧǰ˵ĻôŶһͷ
ǽֹסԱߵ˼һأ
롣
һʥ޺


Ĭ⡢Ǵʫ
ֳ֮νʫʵ̲סֳһۡΪǲӣ¿״ԪĲȣûôʫ
ʫƽƲͬѺϣԲ룬ͬС
Ҫ˵ʫɣʫȴѻʵ۵ƨģʲôʵ޺˿϶ǲм˵飬κƨʵϲϲǿɾ˵ˡ
֮ǳ˳飬Ҳ֪ôߵֳ衣ԱһĹٺҲɫ죬üġйŹֵġҲġ
ֻ̫ξɫԻЩֳװǻҲˡ
Χֳ°ϵļֻ裬һֻƵֳձߵĺɫ˿ߣȥ
ǲ䲻óģǰּѻʵۣ䴿ߡֳ̧׿Ž顣
ڷ֮ϣµķԭ̣㣬ڷϵ˰ڣ信˫ʱĿɨֳļղعЦ
ְ۵ĲͷҲ


ڳȫû뵽һĻʵ۾Ȼʫ䣬һ¶졣
֮Ҳһ̸ӵı顣
Ŀӣֻһ׹֮УĿһٶ࿴æڨڨһЦлϿ佱
ڳƤǺ
鲻ÿɷ
״Ԫ̽Ĳͷǽҹֵ֮̽ʱĽ̽ԼѧǳǫѷسԼȲǰףԸ鷨֮һǰд¡չͼ֣پ͸ֽ
鷨̫ξһޡ
λʿ̫ܿξ̣˵һߡ̫ξʵ۽̸˼䣬̧֣УܹȻʡ
ٹ֮вѲԵĹԱжӡ㡢˻͹һ𣬳澹Ȼޱȴֺ롣
жϣһ£ȺڣٳǰɽֽУ涼ò
̣УھֻµȼȥԵĹٺۡ
⿴ŵϵҵӡһᣬſ첽߳У׼ǰɽṦϻʵ̫ξʱԱ߲Ӧ
˭֪ҪѾ˻ֹӡֹӣȵȣߵôҪȥģ

ͷܹ״Ԫ
Լ̫˵ܾã֮ϲʲô¶ק
ȥ䡣
ﳡΧԲûĴ߶ֻҪԣеĹԱԽֳμӡ
֮һ㶣ЦֹӣĪֺһ
ʲôһ
ȻȥμΧˡ֮²Ͼкö٣ǰ¶棬Ҷ棬Ҳ׼ȥȥ
⣺Ҳ롣
лǣһȥ̫Σˣ֮һͬȥ

еûţ˵׼дû
췴ǴûĻ
Ĭؿ֮ôһֱճԼ֮
ֻ֮ĬˣֱųҵҪƥȥⷿҪ׹
úܺãԼֳȻͬһĿƾٽʿΪֳոڻʵǰıʵ̫ΣίʵЩϵһƷƷԱϵġקֳ裬Ҳ飬ĹλҲв
ֳΪģ˵׼ͻĲŻ
ţ֮ͷϣƥҲߵõöһͿʼĴ۲죬ܲ˼ƷϵĹԱúú׽
קϵĳں棬غͶԷԽԽԶ׼롣
ȻҪ׼ϢҪ뿪֮ʣȥ֮һ˷ܵػعͷֹӣ쿴ǰӰ
üǰ濴ȥִָֻ֮УӰɿӹٶȿþˣͨԹԱģ
֪֮ȻѾǰ
ȥ۾ͫ˲
ȻĻճڣ״ԪѾײУ˷ܵؿǰΪλˣǰȴӰԼǰ˲ɹ
Уų

״ԪЦݽϡ
ǿ˹˵ĽŲͣͣΪ׵Ĵ˸ơһ˵ͷ۾ת֮ϣŵͳ֮˹
֮ŷӦ
ȻĿ֮Ѿ
֮ŵûɢʯӡͷҲڴʱĺ챻͵һʱϳ
˾űܹһȴŵַɿر׼ͷҪ
ҲʱһӰȻǰ
顪ߴľ


14 ˵ö
¹ٷӰխӰϤ
ڵϵ֮ԺкȻֹһ֣ɴ۾ֳ֡裡
ֳոշĺͷֻһĹͳǰҡһ
֮𾪵ؿźɫӰ
۾ٶɱ⣬һǰ
þ֮ľȴֳһذףٶȻһסѩĵƬ
֮㶡
ոǱ˭ˣֳֳ迴ȥӹǣʱȻǰ棿
䣬ߴְ۵͵͵ĺʲôܣ!
ŶŶ֮ŷӦæȥ
ǣһܲ˼״Цŵǰľذף̧һ¡
һľͷذ׻ǰֱԲ
ֱӿǣ
һ
顪һ۵ľ
ֻľذ׵ֱ˵Щ顣
ǰȻҲõھȴȟa̫ࡣaĹǿûľذףǰλȻҲС
ذȱڶûС
ľͷذô£
˺Ȼһ
ؿǰֳ裬ȴǰ̧һžԼ¸
˲ֳ֪ǳӦӣˣѾȡһϻӡ
ϻϣһּӰ׼ƴ
ٿƥ
ٶʵѸ٣һԥذϻӻּ֦˲ӨӨ̹⣬ֳХ
жԵПaĵľ飬һֽľذףһִƥѸȡʸӰչԽС
ơơơּ֦գ棬һ֦Աȡ
ʹ˻һܣгɾ룬͵س鴤֮Ȼء˿ڴһɺѪ͵aõһޡ
üɫӰȻ˱ִļͷֱ˲ϵĶ
˵Ķʱסˡ
ոǰһ㶼ǿ׳˴Ĺٵ·ΪԷֻһСɫԼոոûпԷӰһ˲ͱԷЮơ
ļͷסĲӡ
ߣ·СԱ˵
֪ȥɱʵۣ
ɫһ䣬û
ҿǵϷȥˣϱ߶ԲԣСʣͷ˵ĲһݣһѪ
˻ǲ˵
˵Ҳԣ̲ûвμԣһҰ㽻һ˵һȥ˵ĺڽԴ˰ɣ
۾һ˿Թޣûȳժ͵תٶһ
ˣ˿ûй˼ɳеļʸͷĲӻһۣþȫٵͷ­ȥ
Х
⾲еľذȴŽס֣غǰ
顪ҵײ˳ȥ׷ڿС
˲ŵؿǰվĺˡȫȥòһȴŴλԼĹ
ֻȥһСѣ
ʵصǰľֻľذرŵÿ¶侲֮ϣƤ𪣬۽ͣһ޺ģ
Ȼ˿ƮȾһѪ
˺˼ŴӾ޴𾪺ܵϵʹסԼϵ˿ڣ޺޵صֳ裬һҧشĶҡ
ĿȻֱһɿᲽǰ˿Ȼ̫٣ֻͫ󣬲˿ڴѪɺתڣȥ
ɫ΢ǰ̽̽ԷϢѾûг
ֳڼĵˡ
ĬĬ˱ʬ壬˳˴ŵͺϻּ⣬ûٴκζ
㲻ǰӵӰ濴ʿ
ԭŻڽʵ۴ġ
˼ԶнŲҴææδȥѾ
ֹӣһһߺס㣡

ͷֻһͨٷӾӳ֮˭
֮ʱﲻ֪ʱһʮصĴʯͷḡܵҡҡλΡܵһ룬ȴȻԭŵ˲֪ʱ˵ϣ㶡
ֿһ۶Աߵֳ衣
G
ֹӣôˣ֮סŲʯͷ
ˡ
֮
֮ٶסʯͷæ°ܹȻ۾Ѿ̲ˡ
ʬһ֮ɫң֮˺һ˻ֿԱߵֳ裬Щ£ôģ
Լ࣬üôֻˣ
ոߡ
ҡ֮ôһôͻȻԼˣ˶٣ܿüƣСˣӵ塣֮ôܶѲܣ
ſʯͷ
ⴹۣؿ֮ոտŵʯ顣
״ԪӡŲֳ裬ոձǴһܵġܵ;ԺкȻֳָ赲ǰӰôҲ֮ȥˡ
ֳҪСȴΪͦھˣ䶼磿
֮룬ҧͷˡ
ʱصش·߼˸ʯ顣ֳһֳԷעʯͷԷͷһңһо´󼪡
֮ôҲû뵽ʱǸŵ˾ȻѾˡ
ʲôˣҸոջüһģһˣʲôģ֮µʵ
ӦǴ̿͡

֮ٶˡȻ뵽˴ΧԳأյȷʵӦ˽룬ȺǴ˾ɱһͲƲ硣
㶵طӦȴֳժͷصڣ˿ɢͷִӵȡ˺ùĵ͵ʡ
㡢Ҫʲô֮Щԣæʵ
ȥ汣ϡ⽫뵶ʣϡ
֮ոӳڣ޲Ͼ뿪Ƭɽֳ֣Ȼߣɫһףѿڶֳ裬㡢ˣЩ˶ģﻹҪΣգ㲻Ҫˣ
ϹȻҪһйͿٷƣЩٵ顣ĹȥסָǨʲô
֮𾪵ؿֳ裬ȴֳĻȻһ٣ȴȻһЦ⡣
˵öԡֳЦ۾ǡ
ߵ֮ǰȻһһذ
ֳ֮ǰʱмõذס
֮ͷһֻذľͷ·ȻľƵġ
⽫ľذ׵ݸ̣֪֮ͨȼݡԷֹ˶㶯֡
ľͷģôмܵסЩ
֮ӹľذף뷴ֳĻȴֳѾת棬һȻֱӷ֮ߵϡ
֮۾
ûӦϵĺɫӰѾٴ֦֣ԾʧҰ


15 ʷһ

֮ĻںҲŴˡ
û֮ʲôӦ߷ɿӹĿһѰӰһ߰ץǰѴӺùĵ
ûľذףڵ˴ϵͳ͸֧Ṧͨ졣Ȼһ͟aһĸ֣϶ǶԷĵ֡
ľذײȥذǿӵġԵһԣðֳһӶܵ˺
Ϊֳ裬ͣԼ硢ԼˡԼòײŽԭص죬ôܹԼʧȥˣ
شֻҪΪʵ۶ϵͳͿԻصԭ硣Բ̫á
Ϸ򼲳ۣһǼŵһŨصѪζ
ͣǰɽ·ֻɽ·Ϻ˵߸ˣдƬѪҺڵϣͬʱɢŲټʸУȻսĿ֮һƬǽ塣
Ծ£鿴˷ڵϵˡȺдŻʹ·װģҲĺˣѱʹҼĺеѪҺΪɫȻոʿһǷԾġ
ʬ»ȣ˵˴ոշսá
ɽ·ѰһĿ䵽ǰһصʬϡȻһǰȴʬͨѩףո£߾֮ǰ̫ξûƥ
һݣȻûʹʵʲô֣¾ʧܵĺԼܹеġ
ٲɣѭɽ·ϵĽӡȫ׷ϡƬ֮˱ӵæּ䣬ǰС
ǰܿһǳϪǳϪλɽխʱȴվϪԣͣصŴϪҼм䣬һ˺°׹ڣźɫ멣θɫ֮ǰУĻʵ˭
µǻĻʵս飬ͺͳ޼ɳ˿̼ţֻýıƶվȴһѹű⡣
ⰵ˿
ʱʵ̫ܼʹϷأһʱ֮粽Сһֱ֣ƶԽ϶
һɲ֦ͷϴ󣬳żʸķѰȥܿ쿴ĹڹСҧҧٲɣɿؽγʣϷ£һĹֻȥ

գ湭Ժæͷʶֻصҽ
ɺѪֳӡ
ĹҽдֻһٷͻȻϢسǵӪȻףһɫ󺧡
ӦѸٵתͷǺ¹ֳ֧ķ
ûľذԣⲻд󣬼ڿձܿʸҸ
˼״ԽĹƻ˻Ϊ׵Ĵ˸ƣ˷¹γķ
ҲǴҪͻȻĺ¹ʱӰ˺֮кȻһƺߣӦصĵ
΢΢һ㶣СĿȥֻ֪ʲôʱһӰشӶֳһϢˣüϸֻϸ΢ġ͡͡˲ͣص£һһʮ־Ϥ̵
֮ǰ⿳ֱ۰ĹҲδ⣬Ϣ
˽һֺܿȥȥҴңҪŽĹ֣ûע⵽ĳ⡣
ȴʶȻ֮ǰڹбӰ׷ɱʱ룡
ǱʹţҲǿһ԰ֺ⵽ӰĹӰǻϵİ
ʵ˵ãº͟aһ
һȴʼջǾһ˿Ź֡ƳĿ⸴תǳϪߡ
аӰһ֣ߵѹѾС˺ܶࡣ˶ãԭļͣϢһӰǳϪߣϥ㱨
Ӱ͸ոճģͬ
ϣĴ̿ѾϣĿǰѾȫϸϽƼݡӰЩϤ
áȴ·


ȻһĿֱֱӰ
ӰѾ¶òǸʮˣصǡְڵϣ֮תŽ
Ž飬һߣһ߸ֳ־ڱصõЦ⡣
⣺
ǳûд棬ȴԴĳ
ͫ׼ʯзӦ
Ѿսʡ
󣬸ŵϵͳϹᶼҪõĽ顣
õЦݺȻڳԺӹȭв˫һԥش
Ѹٰεת
Сģ
ѸٵµĻǰ
龪ضסŲͻȻǰˡ
Ҳʱһӵǰؿڴ롣
󱳴еͱ
⴦ѪɿѸʪ˺ɫĹ¡
һ½Ų
ǰԭ־ڱصõ˾
ֳ裡㣡Ȼһ˿־塣
һ
ɿص
Ѿ֧Ųסվ˻Σջȥ
һס
Ͽߣҡ
ȳһѪ·ƣѸʧʶջش
۾


16 һ֮
ߵʧĿڵʹذ룬ֻоԼ뵽ޱߵĺڰ֮Сܱ߻ģرڰ֪ͬ޾磬ʶƮһ
Ҳ֪Ư˶ãڰĳһȻһϸ΢Ĺ⣬һ䡣
Ưϣۣ⴦ȥԿ£ʶۡ
··𴥵ʲô㶣ͷȥֻµƽ羵⻬ɢһȦһȦˮĵ׶ˣһҲͬԼ
ģˮƴң̵ͷӡãϡԼĵӰ
ھȻһˮƽ֮ϣûлصԭ硣
ܶǺع¼ŵĺڰΨ⴦ж̤ˮϣԴѰȥ˼һССĹˮƽϷƯөһ㷢һһĹâ
ƺ˳⣬شˮ
ϲ¹һαϵ񡣡ʱһӲͬʱ
ǳ
һ㶣ȴյĹȻɢǵ⣬Լֶ
֮ǰЭ飬¹ӼȻһұ㰴Ҫ󣬰Ҫľ书㡣

⿴Լٶȱǹƣüȵȣո˵ʲô
㡮һ֮£֮ϡ书

òѵʶ˶٣ڷӦԣ֮ǰ˵ԺͿԻصʵҸոձ˻ϣӦðҴԭ
书
ͣһ£ַ̰Ǳ˻ϣֳ貢û㻹ܻȥ
⣺
⻳ԼոʧȥʶǰܵʹǼٵģʶסԼĿڣʵʲô˼ֳôû
ʵ۵ʱǰѵ࣬ͱ˸Դܻ
ŹȴϵĹûʲôܡֳһϾ˻
üӦų˼żֲŵҲţ㶯ֽŶԲԣ
ûлشֻڿо
һһоˮƽ϶ռŵĳĬУΨԱߵĺڰεĴ֣ͣƬдŹĽ䡣
˺ܾãٶȿڵ˻ҪչˣܲȷһȥҪϣѡ˹æһɵñҳɫ
˵ֻܸԤ㡣

ֻҪ㾡ľûϣϸ֮󣬾ܻصԭ硣˵ţ⣬Ȼ˻ϣҵļ㲢ûкϸ񡣡

Դǻᱻͷġ
ǳ޷Ĵڡ
ڳ˳ǣǵЦһҪôͷң
ָʲô书ҪͷǸһǣٸͷһ
һǰʶֳȬ֮ǰ㽫˵ζ
⣺
ȥɡϺȻ⻪һƬ׹µһˮ棬ֻԼĵӰ⻪û֮¾Ȼسһʣ£һֻ԰׵һֱغ
һʶֳ֡
ģԭҲܰȫֻҪ㲻ҿȷǾܹһֱάϵȥ
ҵģ׷ʡ
һܰȫĵط

⻹ʲô洫һǿֻԼһѣΣǷŲˮ桢ʵӰԼģĳͳͳʧȡ֮һƬɫ
Ƭڰ볤ڵ粢һ˶˵ĺҲܵĿڴĶʹ
صֳ塣
ʵ۵ʱ˵ͱһⱾݣȴû뵽˷Ȼ»ص߲аܵ壬һһĶʹ̼ŵʶȴ𣬸޷κζ
̧̧Ƥȴ򵥵۶޷ĬĬؽһ飬ֻϢڴϵˡ
Աֳߺֳ·Żر죬ţڴϵ˵Ƥ
űƤһ˿죬лῴһŵĵطֻǾϸĴܣɫĴָܿ
ҽôϺһӵʻ
ߺܿſֳ
»عڰֻϡΪϵ߸OO@@ϣֹѾΣգӦûʲô󰭡ֻҪ֮ϸĵӦÿպ
Ȼߣ
Ȼһȴͳãȥɡ
ˡ
ſʱϸĽŲ뷿䣬йŮС˵ϣֹӷҩʱˡ
šӦһ˹Ůùҩ룬ֵҲȥ
Ůǵ͵Ӧǡ
Ųҵ˳䣬Ϸŵ΢΢㶣һ̣ڽĽŲⲽ
ţ˳


17 װ
˺󣬷ܰͷֻʣֳͽˡ
ǰڰһƬʧȥӾ֮УһԼдĴ衣
һ㶣ǽȴͣŸϢʱ䣬ȵĶĴߣһɿɬҩζУҺĴ컺¡
ϾȻιԼҩٶס
ҺӴ˽һ˿˿ܿܿζ
ȻϽιҩҺӴ£򢣬εδصߡ
ŷֻеûа취°õҩֹͣ˶Ҩҩ׷ŻС
һо˿ԼµҩҺ
΢΢˻
òøɾ󣬽鸴ҩҨҨ
һأ֮ǰľ鲢ûιҩһסֳ򢡣
ֳСס󣬵ɫĴ΢΢ſ
ףʢ˰ҩֳ롣

ֳſˣҩҺͻȻֱӹУʣҩϢ壬ֳ豾ܵĺһϣó㱳ȥ
ȿȿȡҩҺǺܣڴϵֳ豾ܵؿ
һ˲ǣĿڵ˿ڡֻĿڴĶʹΪʹ˱̼öˡ
ϣڸﰡ
ȵòҪȥ
ֳԭûʲôѪɫһţԲ԰ףԵʮʹ࣬ԭòױҩҲǺ˳лЩѪ˿
鿴һ㶣æףסⱻǺõĺ󱳡
ⱻʹðȻоһů𣬰һϢ೤ϢԼĿڣϢ֦ɢֳ֫ٺ
ůоϵʹоȻ˲١
Ҳʱ򣬷洫֮һӵ
ϡ͵͵ġ

˺ܿ򿪷룬˳ֹϷƹ߽ڼ䡣ܿ쿴飬ڴ齱΢΢һ£ͷ
ϣѾнɽ˽ߡ㱨

Ϥ֣΢΢һ㶡
֮ǰ֪ͨСĳȴأڿѾյԼż㣬ͣ
ɽǵǻõطͽ
оջصס󱳵֣ıںã𣺡ʲô
ࡣ֮˵ǹаԴӦֻ͟aĽӦ빬£֪Ĳ࣬ԣaѾˡ
ôģ
֪˭ɱ˟aģ˵һ۽ŵˣŶ˶ٵ˵¿ֳܺйء
飺
⣺
ǿҲоĿԼ
Ҫʵۺ̸Դı飬
װһõѡ
Ȼ˳Ĭһʵ·ߣ²ôˣ
ԭ˽·ߡһĬĬװһ롣
·߻°ջϵ˼²ֳıִȷʵֻһֵ̼Ķӣѧ֮ʱԴĶ뿵ߵñȽϽлûзɵ㡣
⣺
ⰵпࡣ
鲻
·ֵݷ䴫ţڿƾٲ֮ĸ֪ڷԣʢŭϳţֱ֪˰֮ŽּҡҲԣ뿵ɢǷӵ֮Ĺơ

黹û˵
ܿһƬĬ֮УڳΪԼʧϵĴ𣺡ǽ¼أ
м·߶˶٣¼ɵġǧѡ͡ǡѾòھǻ¹ֹӵḡҲǻ书ӡ
ǳٴ¼ˣһҲ͵Դµʱ
ĬһԱʢҩ룺ɣȻ鲻ʲôǱѺ̽ɡ
⣺
·Ӧǣܿ콫ֳҹϣڵ齭¼֮ʱ֡ݱ𲰲ھǸû
š龲Ӧ֪Ϥ
еҩùס
ԭŻʵۺ·ߵ̸Ž¼ʲôһܵжʱһ¡

ոԼڵòᣬ⾯
Աߣס
ϡҲʱлڷڵ·ߺȻ
Ķ΢΢ֹֹ·߿
ϣֹδδѣ²ʡ·߶˶٣ߵֳĴߣԱߵͷˣСؽڴϵ˷ڴࡣ
飺
˿
ˣӦñˡ·߹
еĶ΢΢һ٣ֳֿ農˳۵ģĬ˻ᣬȥ
·ԱֳָȻ²ҩȻһЩӴ£ܿ챻·ϸĲá
һҩ˵ס
·߸·ֳ£ֳںñǣϣǳôã
Χ֮㱻·ܻѺпʡ·ѽ֪Ϥ̧̧̳ۣ䵭
ȵ۵ˣȻѡԴЧǱȥȵۻɡ
ʿѵǴ֮ã⵹ԴܣȻѾ˸ý飬֮Ҳš
ǡ·ߺܿӦԴǱߡ
һȥӦ
·㶣֪ܿϤ˼ְ
طҩ룬䴰⣬ȴлŽأֻɣŻ衣
һᣬմӴ齱վ뿪˷䡣


18 ɽ
뿪һûٳ֡
ȫ״̬ڵ糿۾ͬʱоԼһϢµԷתһܣ侭ĿڵʱůůŶʹ˿ڣϢ಻ȥ
ǰʹֳ岢ûĸоܿʶӦþϵͳ
ΥѧķľذסɲѴ֮ʹõṦĵľ书Ҳĳˣ⿪ʼϴûʲôǳġ
ίʵļ١
ֳѺҽٶǰϡϸΪ¿ƣŻǼֹ࣬ӵأܹѣʵס
ʵ۴ʱֻǰȫѪڴϣʵϵ·ҲȾʪ͸津Ŀġ
û𻰡
ҽֳĬһ԰ѪΪոѻûлͻһЦοֹΪˣ¸ҡûġ˷ϱȻմãֹ͡ʱúˣҪһ⡣
⸰֮ǰֻһ֮û֮ʲôνʱĬĬŻڵлѡ
ĺ˵Ļ˻ҽˣȴܿЦûʲô϶һֱܹģѪֹסǻóǧ꺱ĺɽѩεסһϢŵպֹӼϣҪúøж
Ȼһ飬ʱԻ㶡
ҽ۾ַ˰Ѻ롣⹬оĻʵۣܶȻҲװףǰֳ˻ʵֻۣԼӲǻԺʵٲôһѽΡֳѣڶ˵һ䣬ɶӡ
ֳֻ˺е㲻һҽֳ֮ʱֻմѪɫ˵İףǱȴͬذ׵ֽմȾһ˿Gֱ˵
˴֮ͷϴȥѪˮͬŰἰ˺ǾǷʮֲõĶ䡭
ֳȻֵл
ҽ񣬶ԱߵĹŮʱҩʱҩ뿪
Ůҵ˼סΪϾˣҪʮֵľչˡ
֮ܶڴ˼졣⼸ȻоڳϢѾԷ޸Ŀϵˣ뵽Ҳ֪ڻԼ´ֻڴϰ
Ҳ֪ô̽
֪ԼΪһոаĽʿԳȷʵ˻ɣһʼֻ뱣ʵ֮صԭ磬󱾾͹ڳĻ顣
ڵãûɣһѵĻɡ
ôӦʵۣȴ췢ĹŮСȻ޵ֹӣҷɫöˣԽԽÿˡ
С⼸չֳĹŮʮһŶ쵰ԲģóЩԼá⼸ղ´ƽʱֻܺչĹŮļʱ䡣
СĻͷ۷ڱϵľ棬ֳֻܶ࣬ɫɫʵûȫָмֲ԰
ÿˣϾ档
ֹӱҼȵҪÿܶࡣС
ΪʲôЩ˱ȡ
ԣ֪С𰳤סڹûм飬Ҳ֪ԡ
ﻹסȵ۵ʵ
Сֳ跢ڵ΢΢һ£ܿҡͷǰס·ʱʱݾȵۼݱ֮Ǵ󲿷ֶ׷ѰȵѳᣬѾЩˡ
˵ѳ˵ֱӵֱۻǵһΣ΢΢һ㶣ѳ᣿ǻµּ𣿡
һᵽϣСһӵôǻϣǸʱӦû䡣˵ʱһּگдѳ顣
һ㶡
ֳļﲢû漰øһ£ֳ豾ҲĴ£ⲿּҲֳǰļһȱ𣬳ֻǵǰһλʵݱ֮һ꣬µǻ
˺һü¶һ˿Ź֣˵Ǹʱ䣿
СͷСﶼ˵ʥȵ˽ӣһֱڹ̫ξ˻ϣŴسмͳ
Ȼģ
죬Դ̸ҧгݵȷʵп֮
˵䣬СѾֳ׵ҽҩȵĽ裬ڴͷȡűͼֳ̣衣
̷Ӧæùҩ߬С¶΢ЦСҩԼԡ
С𰣺
߬ҩࡣ
ǰʶ޷Ů滻ؿڵıʱ򶼾ΣԼѾõòˣȻԱߵڡ
С𰻹Ǹӣһ͡
ֹӣ㻹ţɡС
Լ

˵ţְСеı˹ȥһԥֵСŮбԱߵĻҩЩϰߡ
С˵ǰԵʱҰ㻻ġ
ڳļ£ȰֹӣڶԷ毺õ¿С¹ײֻõͷȥˡ
˿Ŷֽ⿪Լ¿ӡ
֮£⿴ԼذűѾûѪ⿴˼ۣȡ£ܿͿԼĿѾ˺ۡ
˺۱ˣҽ˵ʱĵƫ࣬ǿһ
⿴һۣҩϡʱȻ˴룬⻹ǾЩʹУҲû֮ǰոջػʱôˡ
Ӧÿ´߶
⸴ֽϣڰ˿ڣ紦СȻϡū澼ϡ
š紦
⣺
һ㶣лάñƣһ˴˹˴˿һɫ˿ۣĸһٱǽ˭
Ѿֳת³õķ￴Ҳû֪ͨκˣֻӦǰȥ̽
ߵÿ죬߽ڣ㿴ֳһ³¶¶ϸµǺͰƤؿڴĵ̡
飺
⣺
û뵽ôһ󣬽ĽŲ˶١
ֳĶǾֹһҲôһɲǣ΢ס۾תһ£簴һӦæ±Ҵææϵ·ӣһϵһƾҪ
ݡϡ
վ紦Ьûж
ĬȴԷ˹ֳ裬㲻񡣡


19 
Ķ˶٣ȴҵһϵſһæлϡ
ϵôҴææվԭأֳۿɼٶȰµĿϵ¿ۡ׵ˡ
˱лûԾϵ¿۱ڴϣЩִٵشڱϣ̧ͷǰλ
飺
ǰ½ɢңɫֻסظµڻɿس¶Լֵ˹ǣΨͷϷڻ룬һ˫ӴžнԼؿȴӳԼǰӰ
ȥɫ԰ף֮УһμʱҪ࣬ȥǺ
ɨһֳǰ̺ͱüôŪģ
ǲԼ˿ڡ½С𰣬̽ͣڵͫ׸ֱµǣ۵֪Ϲûü׼ˡ
ֳףĬһᣬʡԹԷҵ·ߵ齱ߣ¡
ôˣʵ
ĶȻȻѾǽڶԱߡ
һ㶣æشлϵĸúöˡ
˸úܽܵӵĿԼ£Ĭһֱû˵æֲӦվͿµߡ
šӦһ
һᣬûôˣȴС˵ţ𣺡ֳ裬Ϊλ
ϹȻʼ̽ˡ
⻹ڻԵʱʵڰлɵԼѾԤһν鿪żɽаݣæصΧԣײһȺµϷǰ֣һ·ѰҵϪߣײ˻ϡ
˵Ļ١ʵϵյһײ˵֮֮ȴûг·ߵ̸УⲢȷûнҪɱϵϢعἰ֮ʱԶ֮ˡ
ʱű˼Ҫȥϣ֮ǰʩչṦ֪֮ĻⱻϵͳֵֹʱڻǰͽͲˡ
ⰵع۲ɫȴϲûʲô飬̧üĿԼʶ

ǡЩɥĵ£ʱҲΪ𾪡
ü΢΢شаǰһ죬ȥ̫ξȥ븮ӣײ̫ξŴʣȻ㱻˷ˣһ˺ͽ
ͨˣôģ
üʱŲ·ܣӵ;ûм׷
䵽УӦ֪ȫкܿܰɱֳ顣¹죬ԼֳֻҪ˲ϣ鴦Ѿ޷֤
ֳļѾȱʧԼ͵Ӳ²⣬ԼϺü֡
˵ţȽɣæ׵ϣ̫ξ͵һ븮⻹ἰﳡΧԡռ̫ξһȥɽԣֻգŶ˹
šӦһߺܵĿȴʼտų⣬ǲ㣬ˡġʥ޺
ݳɣʱһӿں
ǰ˵ıһ˲ĴͣЦֳ裬ɻʲôޣ
ûûˡӲͷƤ
ʣµ鶼ϵͳйأķΧǽ⻹ãĻҪ͟aһԼΪ
鿴ǰ˲԰һĬɫĴ΢΢ţټ˵ӣĿ΢΢ƫƣ˶Էؿڴһ£Ц΢
ѩ׵½£黹ǵøոһƳ֮¿˿ڣɫİ̵Ѫģֲ
ֳ裬㲻ΣǰȼݣһʵסĿ⣬ȵشҪʲôʹͣ޻Ӧʸ㡣
ʹͣ
ĳֻѭϵͳҪ󣬲ûҪʲôʹ͡
ǲӦ֮£񲻸ʲôʹ͡
޷úÿǣʲôҪֻ
˵ϣؾ»˻ʵ۵ӡ
ͷ룺Ҫ󣬲һϳȫ
£ʵ
ڻЧ
飺
װףϵͳ֮ΪľǱϡȻʵôʣβץסʵ۵Ļ᣿
Գ֮ʱǵ˹ǰĺɫӰĿһͫ׽ۣ㴦˳۾
ΪЧһ䣬ͳ֪˵ʲô𣿡
ֳ֪ԸΪϸͿءԭ΢۾Ҳ̧ŷĵĶǻʲôõõֳĵطǰǰ䣬ϧ

ü
˵Ŀ⽻㣬ݵľĬ
ֳɫ԰ף˿źһȴ͸żᶨĵֶȵʮ򾲣޾⡣
ֳһش㵱뷨
ǡȷ
Ƭ̣ô˵ȱһʵ֡
һϲ̧Ž顣
۾йԭСģȥ˼־
˶٣ֳ裬㻹ǵ֮ǰ̫ξϿ𣿡
ǵáûΪֳ辭֮£ܿӦ
ǰ߹ĵĽҹս³ԽԾǹⲦһ֧Ԯפ;нٹٱѺ⣬һºյϢʲδִӪӾǳٱҲʧȥѶ䲻黺ֱʮǰűɺӸеסֺ߸ʬΪҾǹٱΣȷݡ
΢΢һ㶣û뵽Ȼἰ飬һϵ˼ǣ̫ξеľʺͻϲ߹صͬһ
ӳ�ʳһ˶٣ȥ̫ξˡ
һݡ
ڻɣ֪̫ξı飬ȥԳΧֻ߳
ϵֳƺҲûмԴڽԱߣҲ֪ľô
ٱʬɺӸΪѺʵĹٱںӵ٣ɵ˾޲񡣵ȴӳĿڹ֪Դֵĵطȴڴɽ
ɽջԵʱ·ߵĶԻ
ϣʲôҪ𣿡ⷴӦʵ
ԴڳиҶïи·Ҫ⵹ǣһȫ£ʲ¹ر߹ذҲɳΪԴ֤ɽɺԶƸӣҪһǰɽٱʵȥ
˵ţߵˣ½İۣʹӷ⡣޿ɴղƺţӾǰɽ鰸Ҳ뵣ģԻ˽Ӧ㡣
Щԣ΢΢鴤̲סʵϣɽ뾩жԶ
³̡
⡢Ҳ̫Զ˰ɣ̫Ѩͻͻһ
ڻʵ۵ߺúЧϣлܹɳ񣬿ɸոս˵ʲô˼
µĳ̣鰸ʱһһҲҪһ£Ҫôã


20 
⡢Ǳ
ңȫû뵽ʵۻԼ
ǿʮձɵɽ鿴ų飬̸ô㲻Ը⣿
ǲԸ⣬һٸԸ⡣
ԭĵı̣Ѹոշĵץס죬ͷھǳھǣСûȥ⿴һͽҪ½ڲȥ죬иΡ
˵ҪΪЧ
ôԶ
飺
׵ջŲɫͷĴý鿴ֳ˿̵顣ڴ齱ߵĻʵĬĬŵҲԶ
ǡ⻹Լȡһϣ
Ѿִ̧Ļֳ裬Ϊú;Ҫȥδɽһ£˳ҵʣޱŵ³֮ɽء
⣺Ӷǰˣ˵ʲô
죬ǿѹü
ֵǣܸоһԼʯͷԼĽŵĸо
һ£޻ΪһʥּһʥѾվɽǱߵĹԱǲ֣һˡ
ͬϽôôñˡţҲֻʵʵӦϷģֳ赱ȫԸ
֪ηֳݻڰ˿С
ֳ԰׵ĲƬ̣˾䡰ӡ㲻ͣ뿪
̧ͷűɢıַ˻㶡
Լһ㶼ڹˣֻǰɽҵʧʣ鴦ٱʧٵԭ
ٸٱʧȥѶʮΣԴ׼ȥ鰸һֱûвߣǿɾҪʱˣֹһ£ꡢһ궼пܡ
ԲУܵôá
ⰵָڱϻĺۼ
ʱֳ蹬ڵķ⣬һȻУ԰ָ
˴Ϊʼ԰֣Ϊȵƽͻ裬԰ľ׺ˮԲлȻţϷԡ
鿴΢΢ס
עĵطϢĵȴȻڡ

£ء
ɽѴõ߱·ڰӰУ
á
ڸ֮ϣˮӰӳ̬ɫա
ʱֵһˮɢҡ
Ŀ΢ƣȴûסĵطͷ
̡
ǡ·߻ص
*
ּҵĵֳӹˡ
ֳ⼸Ǿ۵Ľ㡣ԭƽƽ棬һڵӵﵱ˺ԵǸӲбʿĵڶԴ˳˷ͷһڻΧԵʱ˴̿ͣǰһμݡͬСɣ̶̵ʱھǵĹٻȦззش˺ü졣
ǰȼݱȻʥϵĺøУֺûʵûʵմãٹ;˵ƽơĽ˼ʡҲ˼Ǻޡ
Ҷ룬ǰӻԼЦĶôôõ
Ҳ˵ֳ赱ʱ˵üأܲͦǶǸδּ֪ҵΪ˲һҲǹƴġ
Σֳ軹Źļصָ
³ʱԱߵвΧ۵ģֻԭȥеŮֳɫ԰ףһӣ°ͱøˣ˱øˣҲøϸˣ¥ĹﻹҪϸȥһҪ
ԱԱΧ۵Ŀ⣬ּҵȴȻһϲ
һ£ּǷǲ󣬻ϲϲذ˸ӽţ˰һӷϴӭֳĹ
ֻһ˷ţüθڲãԲô⣬Լ԰ɡ
Ǹ׼ģصó׼һЩܺ¿ڡֺ״
ԡһεļ绹ӡֻһϯֺ۽⣬ҪŮ˵䣬ķתͷ׼ͷͿɡ
⡭ֺ
ֳֺܾ˿ӵɫҲҶǿҲã˵ˣҲ˲ٿͷȥҩɹЩϺõ˲ΣԪ
ֳֺǾȹʵ۵ˣּҪˡ
֮ǰֳϵʱҶˡ
ԱߵȻֳ̣ʱҲһһ˵õȮĸоֳԹҲ̲סʵ谡ȼݳɹж˵ʲô𣿡
˵ʲôʵ
оԼ۾һ£תֺү㿴
ƽʱֳǶ̬ȣֺϼ䣬ʱǺɫس裬аĽʿѾȥ˹ְȥѯˣȴ˵ĹְɻԲ⣬֪ʲô𣿡
ΪϾȼݿɲһС£Ĵ̬Ⱥ˵ԼճӿԽɻڴּ뾩ǵĹȦҲ˵
ֺڴؿֳ裬ȴֳ֪Ȼ˵⣿ҪһղƷĲ֪ʥּӦþͻ
ֺԭ΢΢Цţֳ˵ղ֣Цʧ˵ʲôϷΪղ
ղɻʵǲɵĹԱ󲿷ֶĵطѲӡ
Ǿ˵
ûھΪ٣ֺһҪԼȥֳ裬ü㲻Ǿȼݳɹôôְ
ⱻֺһѳɫ˲òҰס
ֺȴûע⣬ֻǿֳ֣Ϻż
ⲻˣԭأ𣺡ү֪ɣġҪǰӴˣٶûˡ
ֺֽڵ
ⲻ˵ֺһԼķȥ
ֳԶˣź޺޵ү㿴үһŵĹ٣ưϡġ
˵ģȴֺڿӣһѽڸ첲ϵɨߵ㻹˼˵ʢһ쵽ԺֲùҷûϢĶӵ
һ㶣æοүӣʢѾȥѧöʢʣѵȳүģʢ϶㶪ӵġ
嵭ֺŭֺؿһԺһ㣬ֳʧԼ̲סһȥ
պ󣬻ʵ۵ʥּȻָָ·ؽּʥּּҳֳΪƷɽʷղƷٷһףʥһöºǰɽΡ
ֳּлˣ͢ʿԼӷϣиĹ;ֳļӷҲܿ촫˾ǣٶȳΪĻ⡣
һʼҶΪֳΪйʿиõǰ;û뵽ľȻôһʷĹְھǹ˼ҵȫĩһᡣ
Ҳ֪ʵôģȻĲ⡣
ѲɻҲֳ֪ķ䴫ţôһ˲Լô
۵׷һЦּҵֳֺһһӣһͽһƴǲֶΣôһʵΪ˵ķ̸ʡ
ȻҲ֮ʱҲһЩ˷İ
˵ֳ˴αǴɽʷ
ɽһ֮˺ĵطɽƸӣ˰ڵءҪǣǾͨıؾ֮·ҲɻʵֲѺ·ͼһվ㡣
ʵ۴˴ֳΪղܾܿǳȥġ
ԤзҪ䣬̽ȴҲ¶һ˿ã
˲ûΪʲôһոܹˣȥİȥ
˵̸ֳٺĵڶ죬͵͵ּҵĺԺ
״Ԫôˣӵ֪ͨǰȥԺˣȴ֮ǰһ֮͵͵վּҺԺſ
֮ﻹһСһε塣󣬺ܿ¶һ΢Цܼңֳġ


21 
үߺţ
֮֮ǼҵĴүͬһʿӷǺԺ̶Ժ̶ֳӷɽʷͬΪƷְǰȴھְһʵʵľ٣ԺǵҲǺԺĳݡ͵λһŵĵطٿ۵ġ
״Ԫְܹ񲢲⣬뵽ү˺ÿ찾ҩɫҲûָǰӷĻһŵĹ٣ȻΪүֵ
˼ֳ֮ͨ
ȥֳ֪ͨ˺ܿˣƴү֮
֮š֮һ·߹ָָȲ̫ξĸϣԺ֮һЩϴĵطûãһţһ䷿ӣǰֻ辰裬ſڰڣȥʮּء
ǾǴүסĵطˡֳ跿ųפ
֮ͷлָĹܼңŰȥû߽ŵһŨصҩζ΢΢˶ٽŲﳡΧٶȼֳĳ
뿪ɽ֣ȺϢֱϹڹӭȥʱվȺԱ棬ֳĿؿڻϵĻѩĵɫĹٷѪһ°ʪʪવѪ
ĳ棬վԭ˺þãԺֳ뿪ǰϵЦǰѪܵľػлȵϱ뿪ڿһ·ѵѪ
ֱ˹ػȴȫǵǡ
յƬǰ֮һԥջ߽˷š
洫ֳ
֮ŶͿһ˴ŵɫĳٲݲݵͷвûס˿ȥЩɢҡ
ڿʲôŵĽŲϺںҩһڣ½ߵҩ֭󷽷سԼת
ܿ죬ֳϤü֮ǰ
ֳȷʵ֮ǰȥ˲٣԰׵ϻвݣһ˫۾ͬһ㣬ת뿪ԭأ֮ŷԭĵطһ澵ӡ
㡭ֳ裬֮⼸һֱеĴʯٶ˵ʱ֮Ȼһʱˡ
⿴ǰֹ֮ӣĿڶԷõİϣʲô
ֳȿڣ֮΢΢˻ʶؿԼаʵʵİæֽ⿪лֹӾֹ֮Ӹҵķذףֹǰʱ䶼ڹУյÿգұصع㡣
һȦһȦ򿪣ذ׹³ڳǰľӡ
ذף֮Щ̧ʰ𣬷ǰۿزͷʵذù𣿡
ֳͻȻʣ֮һȴҡͷûûС
ôø
ü
ʱ뿪֮ʱϵͳṦϵͳľذ׸֪֮֮Լˣ̬֮ȴ˾Щ졣
֮ȴ֮ҡͷü˽սһҧֹӣ졢Բס㡣
Բסʲôһ㶡
ֹȥȱҡҡ֮üøˡ
⼸ڴշת࣬ĶﳡΧԵ顣
ֳ֮֮Ŀֳ뿪ľذ׻Żææ뿪ɽ֣˹
д̿ǰɱϣƷϵĹԱ֮ڹѰһȦڿɴˣæҴǰ㱨
ߵ·ȴȻ߻һˣԼʮѾжУʱףɸִһ塣
̫ξţʵڸ߾
Ǯˣҿôˮˡ
̫ܺξһ壬ʵǮĳ˵£Ǯĳôҷ̫ξѽ
ǺǣĳɾͲˡ
̫ξ΢Ӧ
ǺͻһǰɽΧԵ̫ξ֪ʲôʱ뿪ɽ֣໹վ٣Ҳ֮ǰһͻϽɽֵġֻ֮ԼƤ͵ԭҪĽŲҲɲסˡ
Ȼ뵽ﳡΧʢ¶һֲٰ죬յ˵䱸Ӧʮɭϣ˴ǡ
֮ذףֻñ䡣
Gǲǽ״ԪɣɺȻע⵽кվʲô𣿡
̫ξĿҲ˹Ŀ档
֮ŵúһæ±ľذףڨڨЦûû£Сֻ··ѡ

֮϶ﳡΧԵ˵ֹӣӣиУôصˣҡľ֮
⿴֮Ĭһᡣ
ǰ֮ȥţһĿҲΪ֧˵֮ûԼ֮ͨɹ񣬶ʱѾ˵Ѿνˡ
ûɣ֮ûͨɹҲӵݡ
ֻǿ֮ӣǺκܵӣĶƷһʵʵ
û£㲻𡣡£ǵ
֮һ֮ģȴ˺ܶ࣬ǰסֵֹӣ˵Ҫɽʷ飬ǲǹʣ˵ʿ̫ܺξйأ㡢Ҫ̫ξ𣿡
˵żͻȻס֣һæɿһ
֮һ㶣Ȼ뵽Ķ䴫ţæӦɿ֣ҲתΪΣֹӣֻǽ㡣
ջֵһ£ǻȥģʶƵΥڶӵģҪΪЧһ
֮һɵ̫ξȨ죬˵ͻϵļ϶һˣҪм䣿
㲻ҲǣüЦҴӹָѾԴĶңʱңŭԴ𣿶ҵ˿ɲɵ߲ߺţ˵һ
֮
֮˵ŭ̫ξֳǾȹˣܾôӲ
ֳˣҲ벻ףֳ֮ǰԼһȥ븮ΪֳһֳΧԺֳƺ
Ҳ
ذջˡӼľذף²Լϣûʲô£ȥɡ
ذףֳ豻ƺֻص֮Χģòй˵ľ֮۾΢΢ٿ¶ʲôƵģֹӣȥǧգʲôܹҪҰæģһ㡣
ͷüͷһ
֮Ŀѵüᶨų⡣
æζЦһ¿С
ʲô£֮һ
ʮպָÿһƥҼҺţʮʮΣֱԲͬ·ܹ߱Ц
ֳЦɣЩ֮û񣬰ʵô򵥣
򵥣²˷йأȻһ񡣡
֮ɫһ֣صصͷֹӣģһС¡
г֮ԭɥָ˲٣ָͣˡ
֮Լǰ
ǰǰڷһ澵ӣ浹ӳֳա
֮ǰһֱϲӣһȴЩ档
һһУشӿд
Һ£ǳġ
Ӳûʲô飬ȴЦĺС
ֻ¡
ܷܲһȥ
ǡ

еĲֽȥ׿һۣܿסȵȡ
ͣ˵ֻҪ񡣡

һڷֻҪȥ飬ϵͳȶأתŲҪȥˣ֣ܲ͸֧Ϣң
ʲôϢȻĻѾ
⽫ϵľ˹۾ա
ϰߣ뻻룬𣿡


22 Ȿ
ݵĳĬ
Ϊݣ˺һĻ
۾ĻȻȻȥ޸飬ȴûоܾ˵ոյϵͳĬķΧ֮ڡ
ģֳǳòȴ⵱ֳһʱлûӦɽֳ֮϶ΪԴж¶в㣬ֳԭڲһڲ鰸ʱʩչȭţǱ֪»ٶĻɡ֣ӦҲұɣ
ϴΧԣΪļ¶ܴҵ֮ûнṦͱȥˣʵ۶Ѿ̽
ʲôݣǱϵͳǿƴΪʵЧˣһֱɣ϶ɡ
⿴ߵĲմĲһȦһȦɵطţҲɣҪգ֮˱Ҽģݳ˭
ȻӦˣ
һϲü˼ݵָ棬Ȼһͣ¶֣ԭģΣ
ԭģǼġֳھǳȴ磬ʵһڵˣ˳ⲢûκʶģĲҲûа취׷Դ
Ҫǣǳ⣬ԼԭȻȵֳϰߡ
һڵλáȴֳĬã˺һǵƲһһ
ԡ
ҲǵȷϺ΢΢һЦҪѯԼô֮ʱȴ߲ƴһâӸմ𣬰ǵΣǵǹԾ洦ɢɢɢԼüۡ
ǹ⣬ʶԼĨȥֻϡоԼر仯һ㶣ĿھϣֻԭֳѾʧȡ֮Լǰģ
ӵеŲĿ⣬΢һīصӳžӵı˶ˣüͦǣɫ糣쳣Ϥ
仯֮󣬳ջֳ˵µĲ԰ףȻԭʲһˡ
ϵͳȻİԼˡ
⿴žӷ˻ֻԱߵòԲѡ
һ㶣΢ȴվȻ˲ֳӡ

ⲻݣֱӽɣ
һֱԼģƤ΢΢Ŀڳ
⻪ɢȥ֮£ۿɼֻһ⡣
ȻԼʶںڰ֮ĹâɢܵĹڣԼӻ紦أ»ع鵽޷硣
âһڰĽ棬Ϩȥ
ȵȡнȥٶֻһ
ʲô£ʵ
⿴۾Լ˫ٿؽգ𣿡
ϵͳĬã⣬ûС
⣺
û˵մľ沨⻪ɢȥΨʣ·ˡ
⻹ǰĿ⻹ųɢȥĵطɢɢ䣬һߡ
ãᶯһ¡
ʱѾкѻ𣬰Ϧ£ɫ£׵͸ڿռŵķ
ŰĿһʰѾҩ룬ʣҩ֭һ¹óһɫİԼһ׺ɫ
һöʥһݵͼмѾõĻϴ·ϴ·ҲȫͨĿʽĺɫ
˰Ķ£ͷϷȡϺɫɫľذױֿõ䡣
׼һкߵߣϢ˻ḽϢ
ԴԴ֪Ϊɽʷ֮󣬱һֱָҡֳƫ⼸찾ҩӷﻹʱʱĿöҵ˴вм֮УҲֳ˾衣
οʥּдֳº̣»ûеʱ䡣
Ȼڴͣ˻ᣬֻо˵Ϣ뷿ԶȻʮ־뵡
ʱǶʱ
º̵ʱ̫ˣȲǸʱ
ϵͳ书ӳ֣Ҳ޹˼ɡ
վڴߵһᣬֱҹĻ٣Źҵ˵߶ºɴӴ߷û䰵ɫ
ҵ˻ڰشǷ
Ṵ´ǣŻἸָǽ£ַᷭУŰǱĳȥ


23 ¼
˾Ǳţҹ·һϣ˴Ƭֶ̡ǰƥϺõԣɽǰ
Իʵԣ˴ǰȷʵֳһγǡֳļҲκι뿪ǵļ䣬ֻð׼õĵͼ߿߸ϡ
ŴĵͼȲִĲȽյͼл԰մ·򣬵ȵгǰ֮ԭĹٵֲ𽥱࣬жҲ𽥱
պ󣬳סƥóͼϸա
ƥ˿գʳ
г̡֮ǰʵ˵ʮյִɽʱҹѾҹгʱ䲻˵̵һ룬֮Ӧˡ
ֻԽٽɽضΣҲԽӡ߿ͼǲӦҸָһ·
ţϵͼȥתתȴȻһǷӵ
ˣ
ȥȴؼһӰֱӰ˵ģϳȴŰѻ棬ѻ¶ż⹴๣¶ڰϵ۾ѻ۾ײĿⷢһ˿΢
ʮѸ٣ʱ˻֮⣬һϢ֮Ѿӵƥǰ档ͬʱִһ󼱴ٵ㣬Ůӷ󺰣Сģ

ŮӵĻ䣬һ㶣ѻ֮˰¶ЦѾһ̣ƥ֮ϣѾ֪ر
л̨塣վϵ˻ڵлȫǵ⣬Ȼ˦
⣺
⼸Ϊȷƥ㣬ÿһб㻻һƥԽȥԽ٣ƥҲԽԽѻˡʱԼΨһһƥܵѻ˵ʹɫһڣһѾץȥ
ȥ塣
ɵקסԷĽס
ιιιѻ˶ʱʧȥƽ⡣
æע£ͼʹǧ׹Աӵ֡ȴǺĿһ˫ֲǯһ˿һ˳һ
žѻ֮˶ʱˤ£ŵأһˤſڵϡ
ԶõõҲˡոպŮһ·ɱƺǿ˸ոյĳ棬һ˿֮ɫæֺλ˾ǡǡո͵ҼҼҴ֮
ǣ
ǲ·ᵽ֣
΢ȣͷȥֻǰſڵϵӰǱһ߶೤ĳ壬ʵʵ
ⲻ͵Ķ
⿴һۣʰȥǵſŵȴͻȻһ£͵طһȥ
һָ񵲡
䣡ĪᲨһ¡ѻ֮۾Բɣ͵һӦ죬ӵʮಽվӰ
վȵʱ򣬻ģǰ·Ѿǻҳϵѻ涼˰ߡ
ץĺ֮ˣԭضûжѾԼո͵ĳ塣
Žһ֣ųĲѾɿ¶ڵĽ·ŹӵĹ⣬Ư
ӰæԼѻ棬Ŀڳͣһ£ºˣҡǡϵĶɸұ
ĿƳŵֿ˿Լƥ
ƥܾʱһξ롣⿴ĬĬޱؿԳǵǵˡ
ǣе㺦ô£
ӰȻ뵽ոպʹ˶ðһ˿⡣߽꣬ȴȫ޾ɫֻǴӱǼⷢһ˿ߵܺúܺãĳѾסˣҪСˣղҪúĳײ㡣
˵գͣ治ɫغһһΣӰṦԾһ˲û·ߵϣҶ˶ֻعƽ
ѻ֮ÿ죬ȥø졣ȵԾѵŮֻϡץٴּԾıӰ
Ů΢˾Ŀڳŵ߳¶ϲæųһݣл
⻹ǵһα˳Ŀ⿴˵ŮӣֻŮĽСѣ࣬ȥСұ񣬵ȴһǹǹһغӧӧƮ
ǰӳĬŮ̧۱ߴԷҽܵ³ʿ˷ǰû뵽·͵ԣ֣ոռҸ¾ҪС
˵߿ǰĺӣȴȻأ;ȻԼ£üĿʣȻһΪÿˡ
Ŀⲻλ϶ͣһ¡
Ҫȥÿ˵Ȼʵ
ʵʱûйı飬һ˫ڵҲ֪ǹߵãȻ͸һ˿ĹУ뵽ɷĴʻ㡣
΢΢һ㶣ܿЦǡű߸漱ս³ԽҸѹʣˣΨһͬʦڱ߹פءҴȥǱ֧Ԯܲ顣
һŮȥս
Ȼ࿴˳ۡ
ѾЦ֪ôƺȥδ
õԼԭòճ£ȥߣһ̣ǰɽֻǵһƬ򣬲ǺϤ
ɽǰһվ㣬֮ǰҸ·ʣгڵĻԴһ˳糵
ԭǳһ˿ֵľ֮ɫܿ챻ϲ棬ǸãɽƱ͸ӣмҸƵɽ·⣬ұá
ͷеĳȴûϽӹɫٶ¶һ˿Ź֣˿ֿ֣˿ƫݵģһŵñСŮӶʣǲǽ¼ˣ
¼
Ѿ¼ˡ
̹Ϊдһʣ΢΢һ
ָָеĶǼҸżȻʰõߣع٣ǽ¼ˣܹ÷ŵġ
˶٣ֵҳܹ˵ǣҲڵϡ
ʲôһ㶣֮ǰ·ɳɵǡ
ǵζ֪һ˿죺ȻΪ˲ôһṦ߾ԳƵӰȥ٣ڽ¼ʮһλá
Ṧ߾
΢΢㶣Ȼ黳Լ顣ʱʶѵ״̬·ȴѵΪɶ񲻾˵
֪Ṧ飿
ǰ¼ܹṦᲢ۵ģҲֻСǧѡˡͷ
⣺
ˣ֪ˡ
һ֪Ṧ顣ô֪ѵŵʱ·֪ģ
·߷û׷
ЩѾҪˡ
ޱػսĴߣЦԼûŽĵ˵ûС
ĬӳĬ
ôˣų̲סʵ
ûûʲô˻У¶˼ҺٳԶţҵһ¼⽭¼ǰʲôģ
¼һʵеӰ졣ԣԭڽУЦԭ¹Ӳ켣ѹֳ¹Ӹո¶һ֣ȴûڽ¼ǰʮ˵յ
ЦЦǳ书ҲӴ¼Ȼ뵽Լ书ǰ׺һ̽Ǹʳ̹⽭¼еĵһ˭


24 
ϵͳľ书һ֮֮ϣǰ׺էһȥûʲôоһ£һ˱
Уλ˻᲻ǽ¼еĵһ
˼ת߳ѾһЦŮתЩȻЦ⣺Ȼ֪¼ĵһ˭Ĳ潭ء
ǰھȷ档
ԭǾʿ²뾩ѹ֪Щ¡ȻȴǰӸո¶书ʮָ˾Ȼûнʵǳϡ
ϸϸؿźһۣͫīɫȻ԰ףϢؾﲻɵ©һģæЦ˽֪⽭¼еһˣɽϺеˡ
ˣһ㶡
ɽ콣ѩ˵ľˣ˵¸أһɾأݴΪĪ⣬Զұ˿ɼ£͸쳾ɾ磬ˣ˱ϺɽȨزþڽǾصĴڡ
˵ţ⻪¶¶𾴡
˵Ҳ˷ӣʵںδ
һֱںɽ˵ţȻ°ĥһǰɽѰˣһֱ١
ɽ𣿡һݡ
գգ۵֪Ϻܶ˶˵ʹˣѾˡ
ʹˣȻʲô˼ʹ˸䣿
˵ڽＸ˽֪˳һۣҲֻ˲֪¼ĵһЩεѾһٶʮˣ޵ýǣҲвѽ
¼ϵһ˾Ȼһٶʮˣ
һ㶣˵˵ʱԤλ¼еͻȽϴ󣬵һٶȷʵϡ
ݣܻ˾ʮѾʮֳ٣ܻӦĺܳˡ
Ҳһ꣬ɵø˵ҸڣȥɽȷټֻϧȥױһֱҲûаĩ˽ôһʱȷˡ
ǣ
Ҹִʵ¼ڶʮƽռ޽֮£⽭¼вǼҸ׫д

ԭǰ˾׫д¼ŮѹֳԽ¼ָơ
ⲻǰŮӹĿ࿴еݻظοܸڰ
Ŀ⿴ֿ⣬ŽջطƥУҸߵǣǰһæ߰ɣȥɽ
ͷ½ǳɢƥأһ·
֮Ů֪Ҳ࣬·֮˵ϵرʱ䵹Ҳ÷ɿ졣
ֳûһЩ¼е飬ἰô˭ǽ¼һһ
û⣬Ե¼ӣճ˵ǻɴ˲ϣǰߵĺɽׯһҹţȡ֮ı¾ŵһ·ͨȼ磬һʱѡ
ˮ˿ˮǺ˿ڣ˵ߵǽ·ͨ
ǡɽׯ֮ʮֲң·ͨɱ⣬ʹǿ¡
뵽ʵἰ¼·ߡ·ʹһ룬Ҳ·벻ôɰɡ
ôˣʵ
·ͨɱ˺ɽׯׯ򸾣ڵʱ˲ٺ䶯ɱպʦ֮ʿܣΪ鸴ӣԱϺɽ˲öϡ·ͨǴǴһμˡϵ·ͨ𣿡
ôʶ·ͨ·һ·˦һ·ʹ׷ܵ£··ͨĻǿɾ˵ˡ
ֻƶϳĻǽôһϵɱԼŵģ
ⰵ˼⣬ýԽԽĥˡ
ĿǱϣֻҪճķԸ񼴿ɣҲǣ̫ࡣ
ش˼䣬Ƭֺ̣ͳʱ·̣ԶһƬɽռеԶҰɽɽò߷壬ΰɽ͵֣и̬ãڵ·ͷ
ɽȥŨأһƬ̡ͳֳ۽ЩС꣬ϸ΢ƮʪʪવأǰǰɽĵøΡ
ǰǴɽˡȡѾõϣתȴ⻹Ǵԭ·ѾʪͷĵƤӲ԰ף΢΢㶵ɫƺãɽʪҪɽߣ豸Щ߲С
δ뿪ǣһ·ϿӱûͣҲһպͳһŻ˽ȣû׼
޷ֻЩС겢¡ת书һϢԵתһȦܿؿڴʹɢԭ΢ʪ·ɢȥʪ⡣
ȻĲһŵҾ˵ù߽϶֮
γݹټӦǰʮ˰ɡ
˵ţɽѾǰشϵȡõų⿴۵ɽСŮûʲôøмģ°ɡ
һദ֪Ըû뵽ԷôæôУ
֪ЦѾǿУҵԱ䱻ٴ͵ߣ罫ܽţӦͦʺʹġ
⿴һۡ
ǰûһҪջص˼ֵҴȥ߹زξҲòҸҲɳʹҿҲһѳֵɡ
߽ͨߡʱԷֿտգӡ
һ㶣ľذ⣬ȷʵûľذױ֮£ȻȴԼʶܹʹá
ѻ˵ˣҲûؾ˵ǡùѧųģȭǾͶл̹ˡ
˵ֿΨһԥǵֻǲ֪Ҫʹã
Ҹֻĥӣûü졣ԣϰ߻ӿɽôɵϰƽ̣ɽɱ
ԭǸԭϣ
е˵棬Ϣһתѧų˵ķӽһ
䣡Ϣһ϶ʱһɺϯ·ָ֮һľӦʱľм䣬೾Ľ
µαʹϢʱΪಡԶ˦ڴŵľϴüϸϸĶڡ

⣺
ĻһӣϢͣϢ˺һԶľҲһŵصȥ
ٶĿɿڴ
Ҳ˴һԥջɿһ˼ˡ
ⲻ
ؽ͵Ŀתϡոһ˻ǻôϢѹΪؽ¼ǰʮĸֲܰõġǽ¼ǰӵеĹɣ
һʼΪܹ˵ǣֻͨѡ
ڡ
ʲôͷ
ѣΣʶ㣬˺һŻظ
ûãǳ
⺹
ˣµǾ񣬸ִóһݲҷֱڼȻҪǰɽɽͼҲŰɡ
ϼֱƶ⣬ѹֻᱻС͵ϡֻͼԳԼѩ̿
ӹͼֽ˶ٵ̹ҳŴæҲûʲôģΨףбܹˣƽƽ
΢㶣ЦãǱ㼪ԣڡ
ֿų⣬ֻǰòһӿ졣һһ·ǻ׸𣬲ĵ·ǰ
ӧǹºӧ
Ŀͳ뿪ź֣ԳЦһ£ֵ뿪бߴɽͼ⡣
ͼ
ɽͼͨĵͼϸ˲٣¼ŸصԼɽиֲ
һɨɽƸӣɽȻССֲ˲°ɽկ


25 ط
ɽ֪ĸӣȵɽȺ廷βɽƣʱҲ׳ԴҪ߾ʵĿˡ
ɽ㲩и·ɽ̾ᣬǴٷ߲ĺõط
ս֮ǰṩʵԴﳡԼʸֻǼһ֡ʣµĴʺܻܿɽС
ֻɽѣҷǳʱ
ҺԼǰˡ
⿴ͼ¶һʱڵλãһڴɽʪܿ찴ͼֽıעѰȥ
վԭزǽİ취Ҫҵʵ鱨
ɽϵɽկɽȻô࣬ͰյͼϵһһҹȥԴôľʲûжɽ̾ɽ϶֪һЩ
Щɽܻȥٸ棬а취ܹǿڡ
ܿ찴ɽͼҵһɽկɽկռһ·ڵСɽͷԼʮɽЩɽǴ඼䣬ҲֻǱͨҪǿ׳ţһŵʮɽΪ׵ɽկͷʡ
ɽկͷӿŵĶ¡ؼǵøոǰһһʹԼ߰˸£ʵǰɱԼǰʱӦҲһ
˿ȥװ׾ģôôֲ
ʱɽկͷӾԼ궼Ҫóǡȫҵֿʻæĵ˵Ŀʧٵ͢ʣǹٱѺĶСƽʱҲֻЩСĸȥ͹ү԰
˵ֻ꣬ԱߵغһԼոùӵԼĲӱĦһ¡
ôˣɽկͷӻǵһα˽ٵԼͷϣڽ첻Ӧеصز飬æɪһ£ֵ㿴կӵĹģ϶ȥٻʼҵĶ˵ϰٺŵĹٱѺɣһƱ϶ҲֻЩͷӲõЩﲻ졣
⻹ûгӵ
ڣɽկͷҲ󲻵뷨ﰵпûϵٱɽʱպֵܼ˭ȥùͷկӵŶϳ
ꣿĬһųô˵ٱ֪ģ
ǾϵϢ϶ҪͨɽկͷпԣйٱʱǶܿˡٱضεʱȷʵһϵһϵ꣬ڶֵȥǹٱѾûӰѾԶˡ
ٱȷʵʧһ²Ǻկйϵ
ɽ˭˾ʡʵ
ɽկͷ˲һɳԱֲò˵ֻԥһµկϰٺˣԡ
կģ
ɽͷɽһģկӡɽկͷһ¡
ո˵꣬ȴɫһǲĳٿһӹ
ⳤٽһҷͬСɣɽկͷ̡زҽгſڵϳ鴤˼¡
ɽͷɽ˭ߴկЦ
ɽͼⲢ㣬ⳤıϵ㻹һλᡣ
ɽկͷӱҵ亹乣ﰵ군ԭֻƭ뿪İѱ˵կӸȥҪ֪ɽйͨկ֪˶ԷկӣСɽկҲ϶첻ȥˡ
ڴկʵ̫ǿƵҲ˵
կĵɽͷկӴɽող˸կӣȫկİˣȥǸկӣǧ˵˵ȥİɽկͷĵ
Žȥ
ɽկͷӿųЬԼ뿪һկİٺˣӦòôһˣ˵Խܻ񣬸Լڶ
ţ̧ͷ˷ȥȴӲδԶһѾһӹ
˼ǻ뵱ɽţӾӸµسһЦ

ɽɫ䣬ֻǰħ
һɽկɽһһʵʵ
гĸ߾书һɽկ̵֮ŵկӲɽ󣬱ֽݵŴ򿪣ȻѺĸӣŮӡ
ֺͷ˼죬ҲֵЩ·ʵأЩϵ·ȻѾˣҲֵӵģЩ·ɽĸһ̼֣ñɽУٽɽկġ
ȺɽӦѾǵһθЩˡ
⽫һһȡɽͷ˳ӣ˴ɽѱܷλɽ֮󣬻ȥٸ˹٣ùٱЩץ
˻µսս˺ӵòȴ㶣Ӧæͷл
ûͣɽͼһɽկѰȥ
Ѿ֪̫٣֪ٱϢ룬ɽͼ̺ʽһ·ѰܻһЩмֵ鱨
⵱²ɣһկӣ«ưկӸˡ
ÿһУûԥһĸɽկѵ㣬ҲһЩɽկѺŮģű˳һˡ
ó벻ǣɽկʱɽկկէȻһҪ˰ѹկˡ
õԼԭòȫֳȫû뵽Լ⸱òᱻ
ǣѹסü˸һ١
˱һٺ󣬳ֽկӹ˿ͷšկӺɽկһȻ󲿷ֶӣ׾ȥʮ㡣

һûһµŵ棬Ŀ´ɽկկ
ӣ
ɽկկŵüн˫ȡ
ܿ죬ɽկҲԼ֪й˳
ţ˼
˵ЩɽȻͬһɽͷռΪʵھ޼ɾǰȷʵɽٹٱִɽ֮ʱʱֵ콵꣬꽻ӣСɽկ׷ױãûпЩٱȥ
ֵõǣɽկկչٱ뿪֮Ǵӹٵɽ﷢һЩꤵĺۼ
յıѾˢ˺ܶۼڸɽУΪ̫ԭһЩӡӲûȫʧ
ҹ꣬ȷʵǷʲô
ճꤵʵȷɽȥˡ
飬ɽկȥ
ʱɫѾΪɽԵʣɽֺܿúɵģһ뵲ɢ
ʱѾܵʪ͸ǰ书ɢʪõҲ鷳רĸ·
ɽͼϣһվկ
կݴһƬʵΪۺɽկҵĴկƾҲɽɽ书ǿ֮һ¼ɽϰ٣һѶԸ
Խ˵Խпܺ;ʵйء
⵱ºɣṦҹɫɽӡ
еúܿ죬һӱ봩ɽɽ
ڰ֮£ɽѾƻ𣬳бǵƻ𴦿ȥֻƻѾһҹɫ¶һƬդԼķӣƾڵɽկ
һϲɵɽկկţǼŵһŨѪ֮΢΢һ㶣կկǰȻˣ˶ɽװ磬ǰȫѪ۾ֱصţȻ
˵Ѫկǰһ󲴣կ֮󡪡̧ۿȥֻɽկ¥ǰĿյسȻ˵ص˲ʮʬ壬ڵƻѪؿȻûһǻŵġ
կȻկˣ
կǰյأ鿴ʬ壬ֻʮʬЩûԵ˿ڣһЩǱ˿ڲһЩŴЩظ䣬ȴ⣬һ
أһ紵ɽկлζҡڲһӰӡ
ˣ
ĿһݣɽկǱȥƹɽկ¥󣬱կһƬյأʱĿյϾȻĸˣڹŵǰ˳һɫ£ŷڣӰһŰ·վӵ
ӱӵȥһıӰܾú
Ҳ˼ʱӺֻ̧֣һǰһɽӦ£ڵϳ鴤˼£ûϢ
һۿȥſ屻ס߲֣ŵһѽ
һˣ罦Ѫʣ¹ŵˣ𣺡ƾկȷ֪𣿡
ڵʬɪһ£¶ɫկԩ޳㡢衭
û˵꣬ټ£һѪߴϷ죬ȴҲ˵Ųϵ˿ڵȥ
û˳鴤ĶٶȿѪĿ⿴ŵĵˡ
կ
ŵ˾ҵط
Ҳ𾪣ľǿǰɱ˵ֶΣӵ
ӵζǵãǽ
ô
ۿӵıӰȴӺȻὣת
ʻǾ£Ȼ
˭һ˫ī۾Ѿɱĵط


26 һ
Ȼܹ٣
һ, ûüӦվŵİҲٿתϸ, о֮ɫһӦȴʮѸ, һϢϰصѾķ
ϸţ, ˲䱼ٳš

ؾǽߵİ·ߣ
˳书, ؿ·͵Ϯ, ڳľذȴӦø, ٿشӳƳ, Ѹٵǰȥ, պڳǰ
Ϥľذ׵棬һ졣
Ȼϸ΢ҹɽկȴƷŴ, ԵΪ
һ, ڵλñױ¶ˡ
ⰵһ, æץյذףҪŰڸʹṦߣȴ·ߵİѾĵطһٶ˦˹

æذ׵룬һͣ٣⾹Ȼٿһ, ͷȥֻԷȻһץסĽ, ݺݵؿסһʱѲá
ǰ֮·ʹ˲ھ, һץץġ
ɲãϺɣžԷһ¡
ʮֳأټӳ˳ĹնŷХĺǧ֮
·òֱá
䡪˸գԱߵĸ¥ǽϣʱҳһ޴ǽ
ŹһϢʱ䣬Ӧܷ׷׵䣬һ۳
·ζʱڷ۳档
·ߣɽկȥθȴٶկƻһ⵱ɱɱ

ζʱƵһͣòߵֵ
뽣ʱײһ𣬻˲Ž
нͳص壬֮ɢߣⱻĽӿ£òķϡ˼ŷվȡ
ŵ̧ۣǰסԼˡ
ôҲ벻ǰģȻǽ顣
Ϸ飬бǽײ죬һһ𾪡ѽɫķü˲ѹ
ոպͽ齻֮ʱоԼϵϢתû֮ǰԵǡ·ߵʱô˳෴ոպͽһЩϢһ˿ҪɢĸоȻǲнĽࡣ
ô£
书Ȼ飿


ڿ
ҧú졣
֮ǰ¼ʱԼ򲻹Ļ᲻¼ϵĵһˡڿ˵ġһ֮֮ϡǻ£
˵ġһˡʼվֻһˣǾҪĻʵۣ
书ȻǱѹƵģҽʵ۵书Ȼ
ⲻ֪Ӧ𾪽书߾ʵӦҪ߳һǿ顣
ԼҪĶԼĹˣһ˫۾ȴøˡг𣬽б˪ᣬէһɫ⻪ٶִŴϮ
ϵͳ
ⲻٺ֣ת˸ߡ
ṦԿκˡոշɳһξ룬ȴ裬֪Ҫߣһ˪б̹
飡һصס齣ǳһֻŵذס
ذľʣȥʵ޻סĹ
ذרű⣬ԣԵκ˿϶һ룬۽ȴƳĿ΢΢һẮ˪Ľ֮ûִһȻһؿڴһ
ľذַӦų֣ȥ

д󺧡
ľذ׾ɱ˵ĳǼġԵԼҪĶľذ׿Դ󷢰ѽˣǿǻӰģ
ľذԾԾԣݵͽϣæþȫץסذ׽䳷
ûľذŶʱ¶
΢΢һ㶣Ȼû뵽Է᳷赲üһкʱأȴûջأһĵǰ˵ؿڡ
Է½󣬽ʪʪġҺ塣
һ˲ǰӴܵĺӰҽһڿҲάֲסߵķݴӿ¡
Ӱ׹ɽߵӿ׹ʱ۶˲֦Ҷˤ棬˷ڵϡ
ԭŵҲѵһ˵ļ֮⡣
üʰӰȥ߽ˣŷǺӰ泯£ͷһɫķ¶Ͳ԰׵ƤӰؿڴ˾ε÷
ոûùԴ˺Լոսֵˮƽᱻһƴ˲ǡ
üὣסӰĲӡ
ӰӶʱ˽
˭Ϊկʵ

ĬôҲû뵽Ȼת¡
կȻΪ˰ϲʵ䣬ôҲû뵽ȻԹˡ
Ȼ뵽ڻʹ֮ʱ˵ʲô˽ӦҲԶҪʱż˼ԭǻ¡
ʵֳɽƸûֳָʲôֳֻ赱ӼԻԴѣǳƾԴһ
ſڵе˵ڵˡ
ոսֵһغϣĹܵסһƣոմڵȴ֮ǰ̵˿ڴһȥʹѵһ˲㱳ȥű֪֪治֪ĵĻʵ۴ס
ĬĬץ½ϢڵתɢĿڴʹ
ⲻ˵ֽݽ֣ƾʲôϵ
ʵɱ˾ʧˣԲʱûʵġ
ɽʲôϵ
пԣſڵڶ˶𽭺¼Լһ֮Եĵǵ̬߷ߵһͷ¶ѵı飺ʱ֣ôȰԼȱʲôկƾҶʶҾһ·ģկſ˹ʲôɱկӣɱ𣿡
۾΢΢Уֵݽ˰֡
ι˲ⰤŽĹĵڵҧôҲǶһ͵Ϯңһ㶼ƽбǵһΣӮ˱㴦á

黺ؽĿƵǰĺӰϡֻկӸĻɢ£ǰӿȥʮǱͷѱˮʪ˿ɫͣˮᣬ˳ŷ˿ߵ£ȴû˿˼ɣӳԼüĿϡӡյƻ˻԰һգգؿԼ
ӵ·Ҳʪˣ·ϣմˮԵǽ塣
ոձԼһĹؿڣ·ɫƱԱһЩ
Ľ΢΢ɣûг£ų⻺ôһ;կͨ˿ʬ壬ɶǱ֮
书ָѲ
ĬĬ²ۣѾԼԭģֻҪ¶Լֳ裬ôҲ鲻ԼĵϸϾͲܳɽãկӵȻҪȥѲ飬˵ܲ鵽ļկ°ˡ
˵治ɫȫȻ˵ٻӡ
ҲֻԼȴ֪ʵϲöˣ߶ˡ

Ĭһ󣬳ؿŶԷû
˵һʱҲ벻ʲôֻܼӲͷƤýʮˣôߣеԲƽʱϲβһǰɢģϢ˵ڴɽߣصعոհǸկӵɽɱˣûмŮӣ
鿴ȥ
߸鿴ţûִĦһĸոմȾҺ壬ڳ
ⰵ˿
ûãֿʵʲô֣
֣
ⱳ˲һ
ʵ־Լֳ⣬ɳֳ跢һģ˵ȥ϶ֻûʵۻɡ
һֳѾû϶෬̽ȫû˿ΣȻԳһԼ˵ȥ
Ժɿ֣ȴһʱĻشĿֳĥؿ
ҽг̱֡

зһ˿
ԭӵĿʱͣһ£ȴ΢΢һ㶡
ǡǳþõĳƵ
üĿٶȻΪӡ
ϣΪڻֵĿжȣæ롣
ɽּ䴫񼦡Ľ
աֲ
飺

Ĳͬˮһһһһشƽˮ͸˳
Ƥһסֵĳ
ȴûע⵽춯ؿ۳⣬ô˵м
ǡƽʱǳڿڻؿһѣңֽʲô֣
Ĭ¡
ĪһͷԼǲڽ鵱ϻʵһһôżɽֵˡ
أһ֡һʵ۲Żش
⣺
ּһ֡ȡȻҪܡ
Ŷֻװ֪صͷ
˸ոջǽŵ״̬ദȻǿǵڵ״ֺĳִܿĲȥû˵ʲô
ǽĿһֱڳϣóһĪѹ
ֻӲͷƤӵԼ½ĵϵͣȥԼߺľذס
󣬽黹վԭأ
ȥˡ⽫ãģȻͦ˵ģǺɽկ˵ȥġ
½黳ɣ⻹ǰѼĽɫȫס
ĿŲһ£կӵĹ⣬Щȵ𣺡ǻһ·ͬУɽãҲɽ

΢΢һڵæͷȴὣٶȳһб߻ִ˳ߣֺȻĸ첲
߰ɡ
⣺ߡģ
կӡɫʪһ
˰ɡʵҪ
֣ȴȻͷЦԭڳһ˿ͣ㲻ҲҪһɽկһɽկ𣿡

ЦݳǼʶģһڻʹ֮ʱ̽ģа⡣
ǲǻǲ˵ǣֶģ
ԭͣٵĲӱǰ˼ȴѵͣзһѡ
ֻûɿ⣬޳ָסֱۣóһֹͷʹĸо
ֻ˼һҰʾ»ʵȻڻֻصλʵ۵ߣ֮ǰԼҪ뿪һµҪ̺ܶࡣڼԺڻʵ߼룬ûлΪ価ҵĵط
ɽɽô֪࣬ûΪ϶Ļᡣ
书˸ǿֺҪȥ
˵𵲵Ҳ֪书Ρ
Ȼ뵽ƺ򲻹·ߵӣ·ߺڵȿ϶ǳ书һ书ѹƣǲζŽʵ³
һݵ۽ǲƵ
ֿǰĽ飬Է±ӰͦΰԨһɲ⡣
Ҳá벻عӿȥģȻҡֻڽüЦȻˣǱҲʹдƽ˸ոմҵˡ
飺
ζ˶٣̲סعͷ˳һۡ
дģԼյعӣôÿôǶң
˵ţĿƳ飬ȴǾȻһ˿ЦԵءšͦÿġ
⣺
·ʱȲ˵ˡ
⺹գŽ뿪ɽ֣·غկʱԭŵĸѾȫڵϣƾ֮ǰһĶկϵѪѾ̣û˺ۣһ۾ͫȻҲѾˡ
·վʬԱߣŲعһ˻һ˿ɫ¹ӣկѾйˡ
й˻ɱڣ
ⰵؿŵϵʬ壬Ѿ׽կʱ򣬿±ûд»ڡ
֮ǰһһ˵ɽѨʱֻأûнЩɽϾɱֻ˱׽ãڽĶԻ̫ºˡ
ֻǲ֪կ˵йʲô
顰šӦһȴûнӹ·ߵĻͷԳ˵կķӻɾѡ䷿Ϣһ̡
ǲĶԻ
ĬĬ뵽Էֻص̽Լ״ֻ̬ѹסģ˵ͷ
ҲãǱ˯ˣͷعٽ𴲡˵ţֻĵĲ¥Ųȥ
Ŀų뿪Ż˽
ҡҷ˽ģֻкȻһƬʺѪΪȾϵʱЩˣһЩѪϡĵطѾɺԣΨƵļ·Ѫһγ״硣
۾
ˣԱ·ҲϵѪһ
ҵġ鿴һᣬ£ָ֣Ŀڵϵʬǹʲô
կȷʵ˽һ¡·ߵֻǽʵһկӣկկδɽ뵽µһǧٺˣկֻһСǰڵ顣
ǰڵ飿Ŀɨʬ塣
ǡ·һԥǵ˴Ѻ͵ĹٱˣһǧΧɽٵϽûһΧʺկ˱㳷룬ƺկӸǲ֪ʵȥ
կй𣿡
Դ֪ͨж֮ʱʾˣկΪʾĻкͻƽĿǰկ֪ҲֻлƽˣɽϲկӣļҲ֪
ۣĬһϲկӡǱȥǼҡ
ǡ·߱ȭ
鸺֣ԱߵĻ⽫յ
ȴûͣʬ崦̧߽ĸ¥ȥ
¥Ѿе
ҹ¶أɽ̫ʪˡҶˣ·ߣ㽫ҵװȡһ·͵ķ˳Щҩ
·΢΢һ㶣Ÿ¥µӰܿͷá
*
뿪͵һ½·ߵĶԻ뵽书ѹԼֻý˼ա
˸ɾķ䣬Ųң͵ƣԼ£ȻǰѾõıѾȫȾˡ
մӾǸɽռų书û˿ڵ飬ǰտʼؿڵʹ㿪ʼӾ磬ȵ챻һƴ°գԭûõ˿ڳױѿ˲Ѫ
书һֱѹƣԼȥͳ졣
Լŵʱź£ѪȾҲýϳ
ѾѪˮʪſ϶˿ڼ񻯣ֻȽʪ͸ıȡ£ڷһӣݲݵز˿ڵѪ
˿ڱˮһ죬Ѿ˰ףӲȫˣѪ۴ڲͣѪ
ü
Ҳʱ򣬷űˡ
˭ʵ
˺ܿ˻Ӧعӵ¡
·ߵ
Եȡλӡ̣̽ѪıײһԼ·ǰȥš
Ŵ򿪣İȻվ棬ʱһˮ淺ϢԱ߻һɾӡ
ӣǸյˮҼҹӵķԸصҸ͹·
лû뵽·߹ˮһ㶣ܿ콫ˮӽ˹ˡ
ֽ˵ӡ·߿ų⣬ЩȣǴȡһƿҩӣҩҼҹ˵첻Сĺ͹˳ͻ¹ˣصƵҩ빫ӲҪ
û뵽Ȼ·ùⶫЩơ
·һ˵ǰ棬Ҳ˼ؾֽӹҩֵл
ҩ·ŽУ·ߺֽܿϹŵһȡ£ݸӣҼҹӵ˵꣬¹ûлϴҲ͹һ
⣺
ڸʲô
⿴·е·ֻ·ף˿ʽȥذ׵ţ΢΢һ㶣Щ벻
ΪĴ鲻ǴɫǴźɫۣٿǳɫ·ɫɫˡ˳Ǹÿ£Լ͸ʵ벻鴩ذ׳ʱʲôģ
ⲻ̫ʰɡܾܿ
ǻʵۣԼ϶ܴʵ۵·
·һ㶣ܾһѾڣӣǼҹصҪģ£ǲúǼҹӽ
Ƥ·ߣֻԼǰ·ߵͷ˳ۣ֮ǰ׷׷ɱģ
ο·ǽţôܻ˵һý
·󲿷ֶѾܵʪ͸ȷʵҲûʲô滻
ⶢ·ߵķһ£ǽ·
·ֻ̧ͷû߶ţ뿪˳ڵķ䡣
Źţ²ңó·͹ҩ࣬š
ҩڻʹҩʵزһζϤģӦò඼һ䷽
ȷ˵ҩȥˮнʪһ塣
ҩͿĨ˿ϡ͹ҩȻҩЧ˿ڴѪ̣֮ǰôˡ
ЩŽ·͹ĸɾϡ
ĹǼֳܱҪ´ֳԵЩտյģҲû⣬ֻǽϵˣϰɫ¶˯
һ˯ֱʶʱһͶ΢۷УԺؽָ˶ߵĸ֪
˻һ֡
˭֣۾΢΢
ǰӰζĶͷһָֻסһ˵𣺡ˡ
ʡӣô죿ԱʵӣǻҪ𣿡
ȥˮ
ǡ
ʶһЩ뵽ԼǼڻǰٰרѰȥġ
ԱнŲȥһḴнŲųоĶ£ӦǴӡ
üٵ۾ˡֻһűӣǱӵ˲忡Ϣѩǽ˭

գۣգۣɵʶ˻Щæӱ
ո漧ǺñӣȴԷ𴲣΢΢һ㶣æסԷļ
ʲô
ҡæش
ĬĬڿȥ㵹ˮ
⣺
û˵ˮ˼
鲻˵ûоԼڿڸɤӶЩơĲ˼
ҵ˼ǣ׼·ˡⰵóڹϢһתɤӵ㲻˵ҪȥկӣҲҪȥˡ
ǹõļ
鵹һˮĶͣͷֻڴϵɫ԰׺Ѫɫ촽Щѣ
˹ܹ·ߣӦǽ¼ǰĴڣɽȴûǰ֮ǰġ
ոջʱĴֻһţǰһŲݵģƫƫڵ۾Źʣԡ
ĬĬضһ£ֽˮ˹ȥ
ⶢǰĲ豭죬ǹùʵ۵ˮһһڹȥ
㷢˸գҪһʱ䡣ȳˮ˵
ձûȫڴɽ꣬ǿҲסοֳСӹǡ
Ҳû뵽ⲡô죬ۻʵ۵ɫԼ߲Цò׼Էôģֻʵɽ˵ô죿
˺˵

ͻȻû˲ȥæСѣµģýˣЩС
ʱͬСɣԵɽ鰸ȣͽͷڶկӣñկǰ֪˷Ӧʱ䣬Ǻİ참϶ѡ
οΪʵԶɽǷǳΣյ飬Դֳָ֪ʲô
⣬ܿ´΢΢һ㶣ܿһסȷҪ·
û¡ո̤ʱлȽŲȣó书һתܿоҲɢˣͷһҪء
˵ôҪü
ǡüصѵ㲻㵽կӣ
飺
Ѿòŵݱ׵·Ȼ·΢Щ󣬵ϵţճٷĺģէһȥȷʵİ
΢΢ۣû˵ʲôֻ·±
ΪӦ·Żʵһ˷䡣ͨկʱⷢկƾĸͷĿʬ嶼Ѿ˴ɾֻʣ¸ɺԵѪ
ҲûȫɽʬǰկȥֻǴӺկϲСг
Ѿ·ǣƥȴ
⿴·ߺƥʱ΢΢һ£ܿؿһ۽顣
㷢գ͸֧
ǡ㶣ָ·߱ϵƥǿУΪʲôֻƥ
ѵһҪлṦ
⾪㶣ߺܿ촫Ļһƥһƥҹˣƥպá


27 ô
ͻͬһƥ
üë, Զͽ黮룺ˣṦԼߵá⡭ιι
Ļû˵, ֻԱߵӰһһѿס, Ѿ档
ûüӦ, ѽֽг˸, ֻǰһ, ʱѾë, Ѿ˴һƥϡ
һ, ﶼܸܵԷ¶ȡ
æ, ˵ʲôȴ΢΢ͳߴ


Ȿ, ôһ, ʱһƺ, ˲佩Ӳڵ
ⲻˣתȡ·ߵݹķˮ磬ϡ
ҲǰɫģͳϴŵĳͬһԱиɽԶƵĻ֣ʮֵš
ȴ, ֻǾøոϵʱ徹ȻůЩ
ú, ǣǰһɽկ
ɽϸ΢ɣ̤Ţ, εķнں棬ǰ潩űƥĵҡҡλΣ鿴ǰҡҡ׹ģźۼһ߽ٶȽһߴȡͼֽ
۾ɨͼֱֽһ·ȴ˺Ȼ
ɽͼ⣿ҲһݣԼڽǰֳֵͼ鿴ʱ򣬳ҲɨۣüͼֽϵĺۼͳԼͼֽʮ
΢΢һ㶣ȻӦһʦã˲ٶɽͼ֮һ
龹Ȼʦġ
һʵ书ȻôߣͦġʦҲӦΪ档
û뵽شԼ΢΢̲סʵعӹ֪ʦλˣ
΢΢һ¡
ûش𣬸һԺЦ֪ʦ˭书ҲȱԼʦţΣ
ЦڳٳߣⲻûͷʱЦǺģ
ʵ̽
ʲôʦһ书ǳġ
ЦؾǾͲˣعӼȻ˵ôǿ
˵ţ궵ţߣֻüǿ򶨵ؿǰ
ǰһɫɽľϸϸԱ򣬳⿴ɽɫдеɽ־ͷȻһɫ¥߽ǣԼԼŷӡ
ǰկӣԭҵľ˲
šҲˡ
ȥá˵ţһ־ȡߣ㼱ææһԾ£ǰȥ
黹ûüͣͼǰŵѾܵˡ
⶯Ѹ٣ܱṦתۼﵽʮ֮⡣
ɫӰ棬翣ɽһֻľ飬ɫﴩ£û١Ǹɴȫһ˲һ
鿴ŰӰʧǣǣǣɽկǰС
ɽկý֮ǰ˵ڻЩ롣һӺ󣬽·ߵִկſڣ㿴կǰ˵ص߰˸ɽЩɽûһ˹ȥһŶӺϵı˴ĺۼ˵ӦþǼеôġ
ĬĬؿ̽ɽկǰĿյأһ̤һɽıϡϻһ֪ҳŤɽļʵʵš
µü۾£жȣǴɫúѪɫû֪ڷŸա
Ĳˣµɽĵ
ʲôûʻ˳ӣûϢ
ɽίûϢʵ̫ǿ˺
ȴɽ̬˺һŽߵǰЦҲʲôλع˵Ȥ˵ţüعģȥûˡ
Щʱʮֵо
鲢ûпӦͿŰµļѾתһѾʧԭأѰȥ
ĬĬջĿ⡣
ɽոɷҳӵİԶȥаһûһȻнʵ΢΢һ㶣㿴бĽصסĺҲͬǽһ
ǰɽΧ˹ٱ飬֪٣

ɽŵֱ¡ˣһʼΪֲվǰӾԱǰֶθӿֲ
ǰֻǴ򣬶߻Ҫ
ɽᣬֻܰù
Χ˹ٱʲô֪شɽϱߣƽʱɽıѣӶѡԩٵʮɽ·ôȥǱߵϵĶ
ȷʵɽߵģٻشҼҴҲûν֮ʡԱ·ߵ
˵ţɽȻоʹ·һҪƺܡ
ŵԴһ˲ĿհףȻץסݵˡˣ˵ٱ죬ǲ֪ʲôϢ֮ҿһկӵ˴ɽ߾ŶһʼΪԱ߽˶û⡣
ĸկӵˣ·ʵ
ҡҲ֪ɽ˵ţȴԼĺһЩҪԼĽ࣬æһˡˣҡ治֪Ҿµ˵и죬Ǳկӵ쮡
鴹ۣ·Ҳü
ɽѾŵö߶£Ѿʪ˴롣
쮣ʲô쮣ڴʱѾɽկһȦ˹
ޱɽ
ߵһŵһɧζæסڱǣɽѾڵϲʡ£ϢǻеģֻǿɴʪһƬ
죺عξȻûɱˣǳϡ
ɽɽɱˣֻȡ֮ĬĬ
һ㶣ϻ¶֮ɫһկӡ
Լ

֪书ǿ˭
Ĭ
أѾʵ
ǲֵġ
ߣʼ硣
Ѿζô£ĬȻ
߰ɣҪȥһվȻ鵽û׳ʲô⻹סûʡ
˳Ǹ̫˷˻ɡҲֻܰ˶˼կӣŪһ鱨
ȴ뿪ߵկſڵʱ򿴵ſͣŵƥɫ̡
ίʵ̫ʱˣ籾Ľųÿ졣ܿ¶һı飬̧žҪ뿪
ովҪߣȻһקס

ϵϵųĲӣһ⧲˶ʱյ΢΢ñ¶ϲ԰׵ƤŲҲһ͡
һϢԱѾִס˳ƱһգۼĹַɻصϡ
߰ɡٶȴ


28 ڶԤ
⣺
, һʱǲ뿪ġ
ִ򲻹Ҳֻܲ££ϵ, ˶֮¡
һƬɽɢнٶ, ҪʱŵһկӡֻʱʮѰ, ·ǰ鿪·˵, Ȼ, ôһһֱڹ۲˵пܻ˶Է, ˵˻ҲǶ˵, һ·ΨгĬ, ǿעԱߵ
կӳ֣װģһȲسǰȥװˡ
û, ֻüǰ, գۼβ
ȥļկӶǶʮ˵ʮҵСկ, ûկĹģʻʱ򣬳żҲ䣬ϡǡ쮡ȴʻ㡣
ʵĵطܿڴɽıһ쮵
ĬĬ룬һɽկͷᵽˡ¼
ɽ˵¼ֵʱɫη壬Ȼ¼ǰкܸߵ
ɫȴƽ, ȥûо⡣
ⰵԹ۲죬Ȼ֮ǰĻ¼ǰӰ̶Ⱥ͸ʵĻ, ֮ǰ·߻Ҫ֣ǲζŽܿڽ¼Ҳһϯ֮أ
ȴҲǸʵۡ
һʱ벻ףֻͷԶʮֳٶ, Բϸ룬ɽ˷Ϣ
ܿۻ˯ȥֱڶʶʼſгȵĽŲ洫Ŵӱͬ·
ظʱ䣬һ·ʮկӣɽϲկӶһ顣
ɽϲƫԱȹٵһĵƸӼգɽ嶸ͣɽ·ʮɽ֮以üйɽ֮ơ·ǰ̽·߹һźȷûŻعͷʵʾ⡣
ԶڵһߵĽ߹ţҡΣȴŲæƥٶȣߵʮƽȡ
·΢΢һ㶣ŷֽһֱŵļ˾Ȼ֪ʱڽǰ˫ۣͷ΢΢شһߣ˯ŵӡ
˴ɽѾûϸ꣬İɫ綵΢΢䣬ɽݷһǰɢķ˿ɢҡ
״ԥһ£̽һ¼Ķͷ΢΢üزҵ˳֮Ž綵ϡ
ûҪӡ
߹š
ϡ·߿Ž黳ļ΢΢죬ǺܿǰӦþһϲկӣ¾կ˵ĴŻƽˡ
ܲ뵽ٹٱկӣ϶СկһģġȴûлѼֻĬһȿסȥ
·в죬Ӧ˯ļϷ£˸ɾĵطа١סĸ첲ʱﶼܸоԷߵ£ɵðһ
⼸ĴQģΪǰķѾȬû뵽⼸ϵոûȥϾơ
һճ϶ڴϲʡ£ƫƫ书ǿƾһ壬˸״ֱֵ̬ڡ
·Ҳ֪ôˡ⼸һĸоýƺʮ⼧
ȻɽѩȻδڻ
·߲²˼ȴ̲סۼòֻԷһ۰ڶȻȷʵڷǳͿְ͡ع۲켧ĲԷƤϲûκεĺۼҲߺݵӡ
Ժ棬üһŴ
һȥ˰ʱ֮ʱѾʣһȻ·ʲô鶼ûз·߼״ǰȴŵϸһѪմȾ˲Ѫζ
ȷʵǱկӡĻԼ࣬Ӧ쮵¡
·˼һɽ˵쮺ܾܿǶʮǰ¼еͣϴô죿
ʮǰвɱһһʮˣ󱻺ɽ콣ѩܣӶ뿪
ʮ꽭¼滻伣¼бȡ֮˭Ҳ֪Ӱһֵŵڵʲôˮƽ
ܴʦҡģȲϧұʦִһΡ
ᵽִϣ·¶һ˿ȻͬʱҲһ˿
ǶʮǰȻеףӦʵͬһ㡭
뵽δü룬ȴѾת⣬ʵô
·һ㶣ܿ췴Ӧ˵˵ġָǼ
ӵֹۣϰ֮ˣǳ־÷ȣҲָ·˵ţüǶɽ֮УһʱҲҽʦ漧ӿ
ǵгʮֽȣҪ϶ᵢǵĽ̡
ֻ仰·߲û˵ڡ
Ĭһ󣬻ߵߣסĺ󱳣ЩԷ
ɢڣתһ󣬳԰׵ɫ΢˻ȴûѹü΢΢ţȻʱҲʮֲȡ
ĬĬջ֣ĿȻƵؿڴ
ǰǰһһƻطմһֵѪ
һᣬڹʹؽµӡ
ڻ˯ţͷزһߣʱȴȻһ£ӸɺûѪɫĴ﷢һἫ
ʱͣ
üǽţ·ڻ˯мʣֵ͵͵
һأý˼ૡ
С񡣡
еһ˵֡
*
һܳΡʲôУԭ磬С񣬻һЩʶܵˣһһ֣һһʧ
ǵһҲһ뿪ġûŸɾСβֱñֱһһߵʮֿɰ
磬ʲôʱѽ͵ҪĿͳ뿪ԼʱβСŮȻعͷһЦЦȻ
ʱһеĻɿȥָһƬڰֻжߴӹԼǼһȸζ
Ȼһ̧̧صƤ
Ұر⿴ǰ״ʱһ㶡
ǰȻǽߵĲ
ʶ˲䱻˻ıһ˶ʶһ
˭룬һȻȴյģҲסϥͺ󱳵΢΢սһЩԭ˲ŵҲͷ˹
ˣĿϡ
šɿһ
̫ˣòϰߡ
⻹Զһ㡣
˭֪ո˺󣬽һ仰Ѿ
𶯡ʵ۵
⣺
ʱӲסˣԼ񱻻ʵۺᱧˣһʵۻ
⡢ʲô


29 
ãȻ, ʹԼע⿴ȥ
ԱߵľɫɿصӣʱѾ֮ǰʱĸߴľԱ߾ȻһЩͰĹԺ֦, ϵݵأЩˮ
󡣡ǿĲ, , , ǰ·Ѿ޷ͨС
һ, Ǽǵɽͼ⴦бעɽһƬƽԭ, ƽԭλɽб, 󲿷ֵ, ҷΧʮִƬ˴ɽбĵ
ʱٹ۲ֻһƬһ, һȥȻͷ
֮, ʹṦĹľеԾ, ոŵĸóζǴ洫ġ
ֻǳǵԼʶʱɽϲǾȻѾɽб
˯˼ˣ˺ܶ࣬߸õϢ΢΢ü, ʵ
졣ĽŲ˶٣, Ͻǵ졣
ɫ΢΢һȻʲôæʶ̧Լؿȥ, ֺķӦӲסûֿ˿ڡ
ؿ۽ɫ
ƺûղŵĶٶ𣺡ģ˯⼸죬կãûзĹ
ϾȻҹڵС
ЩΣܿЦعˡ
飺
ʵ˵ʲôо
Ѿѣſ϶ģ̸ɿһعӣܰҷҿԼˡ
鿴˼һۣ㲡ûá
û£ṦãСѲҡ
ĬĬżлָɣջǣ´ǡ
˴ţȵǰӿڰɡ
⣺ϵ˼ǻ
ͨ޷ߣҲֻн·书˸ֱӺᴩ󡣳ǰȥֻԶ죬һ޼ʵˮݾͷżһľ߰
Σֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿ߰߿㿿
кķһϢȳʮֵš廹ƣҲû֮ǰôŵζȴҲʮֲʣẒֻ̇ĬĬؿԵľһһзŴ
ԽԽˡ
ȴȻʲôƵģ͵ع˼
ǰˣ
Դг书оԼĿʶܶࡣոͻȻԶӰζҲֹһ
Ҳüȥʱ·ѾԼаɵľ룬·ǰȻ΢΢һͣڰյӰ߲һ֧ɫʸ߻
һݣֻǼʸֱһ೤Ϯ·˿պƻ䣬ӹԱʱĺХ
ʸԵĿȥ澹ȻԿһŵĵ
·߿а·Ƶα仯֮ʱ޷ԣȻһŲӴʱѾ׷ϣ״һַס󱳣һ·ߵ죬һԾԱߵĹľ֮ϡ
һ˴˲ֻǸոڹľʱǰȻִƿ죬һηХ̧ܼĿȥֻǰżʸӿն
ͬʱⱳľذ״
عСģۼΣľذԼжٿһץ·߱ϱŵߣʱӽһԾһĺߣӭļꡣ
鱾ץסԷѾһ˳ȥ
ɫӰԥصǰ
͵Ҫأȴ꣬͵ЦаɫһӳоȻɢ˷֮ʱɢǿÿ۶ļֱӳɢӿ䡣
µļرˮɡ
ڽǰļһŲڼ֧βѾ˽ǰСϡ
Ķ֮죬Ṧ֮ǿ书֮ʵ˾̾
ͣڽߵ·΢΢һ㶣Ȼû뵽ȻҲ㣬ֱЩ꣬һо˶Էơ
ǰһ̻ڻ֮С
·߰ݡʱ򣬵ڶѾˡ
һ֮ǰܼȻһ֧ĺɫʸХ
ǺɫʸᣬѰĽҲԵֵ·˲ѡãʱ״æҶǰסͽļ
ȴ˶û˰벽ǵڶзתھ²Ϣ
һ꣬Ȼȫ壬ûûһ֧ǰ
ߣΨнµСҵżʸ
·߻ڼ󣬼˷״ͷȥ
˿ɫıӰȵÿ¡
ʱһ֧ŵļʸѾ
ʸվǰȥġ̲صھܣܿǴе
Сġ·߼״ѡȴŲæеĲǼʸһ
ܵļʸײȻŽһ⣬ϵĲʱƣʸĳ徢δֹϮȥȴЦһһתһԼȻһ¾ͽڿеصͬͨʸһˡ
͵Ϯǰĸ۵ġɼ֮󣬼
ʮ㣬ûһӡ˵껰ִСԾֱӱϡ
ӣɣ·뽲ȰأȴԷοȣһգ۵عֱӴܵʮ֮⡣
Ļû
·߰вãæͷ飬ȴҲѾ׷
ǰ¾͡СֻͣƬ̣ɫްûٶ˵ʲôٶǰȥ
Ȼٶίʵ̫죬سֻ࣬һͷɵ߰
֮߰ǰȷʵˣǺܶˡ
һȺɽװ󰶱ߣһɨȥϰٶˣгŹͣشңȥ
ܿ죬ɽǷ֣ȻǼ׼ͷ׼ȴûһܴвͣƽİꡣ
ǰ꿴ȥʮϸɽ漸ǲĴڣϵȴͬȣֻһͱƽ˹
ʮɵľ룬Ҫϰˣ
ɽǶʱƵƵ׼꣬ȴ۷ųһգȫС
ʲôܹƽҲˣΪʲôô˵ļ䲻
ɽо壬ȴһһ
կġ
ڣɽжʱϲ
ǵկ룬ǸԱȴɽϷ͹ٵǼɽǱկͱͳһկ书ǿ˵ǽ¼еʮ˵á
˰ڴؿԼկȴǵկֱ֧ɫѴ֮ѹ׼˼½󰶱ߵİꡣ
껹ǲٶ󰶱߿
עǧ칭ҡ
ȥҷˡһ죬ͺһϸֳһ˿Ц⡣


30 ǰ
, ĸҲܵơ
ŵ쮼껹ûгϰѪߵĳ
ǰյկɽϲկկ⵽ѪϴϢկկһɱ͢ʵİ, ʱȴͻȻͺܿ뵽ܿڵʧٵ顣
Щ, Ͼ, һʼΪ˲鵽ͷϡ
, Էֽλ̫ξȨλĻʵ۱֮ЭĲ, ˵úһǵ, ˵һ㲻ľż, һȨ, ƣҰģ޸ûжԿǰλ󳼵ʵ
, ߹ظ漱, ʵ۳Ｏʲ֧Ԯ, ԾǷ֮ԴѾﻮ˽ʡ
еȨƵһԴġ³֮ɰָݵλ쮼붼ûʹӦ
¼еһˡɽ콣ѩܿѾڶˡ֪ܡٹ죬ѳⲻ, û˵вų˽, ûκܹκε
ܿԴĻŵݣ»ָս¼ˡ͡
ԴĻ˽ʡ
ʵ, 컹꣬ڸǵ˺ۼ޴ӲԴϵڹٱ֮ʿαװٹٱһ·ȥȵ쵽֮ʱʵαװ
˺ɻʵ˶෬̽ûκջٹٱ˼һ
չǰһжȰƽûκ©ɾȻյԴĴţƻʵ۹սһղǰɽ鰸ҪСΪϣ˹Ӧ
ͽӵŵʱڲмЦղΪǣȴûգյɽѪϴϢ
ղǸӣѾǰɽ鰸ˡ
ʶһ㣬Ҳżֻд˷ţկ֣бƽԭ
һبɽɽƽԭҪɽٵɽ棬Ƶߣ꣬Ψһһ·Ҳˮ͹Ҫկ鰸ֻܴϺɡ
ˣͱ󰶱Դ
ϣǿ
һ˹򲻴Ȼܵĵ
Ȼһ֧ȡǱ֧ǰ˵ȥ·
֧߳ͣʱ̿ɼβĦȼһǣܱ֮ƣ
ļƣ˿Ե
һϢ䣬еһѾعǣн䴩ļơ
ÿ죬Ҳ죬ߺܿӭһ档ǵһᣬ֮ǰ
һ˲ײȥƲֹͷȻתһ졣
αڿУԵõ徹Ȼ⵹ڿбһ
񵲵ÿûüУϣṦѾԱҽࡣ
ŹЦ
ȴüĿһüűͷٶƵĲ
ʱĵڶ֧͵֧ѾХֱ֧ƽǺĿڣҪ˵
ߣ¡۾ʱһٲ񵲣е߾ȻֱӵһȻһֱӭʣ֧
ٶȷײ졣
֧ϮĵӦϣ
ϼ׹
ɫ˲һ䡣
⵹оּԼǼ᲻ɴݣôܻᱻնϣ
оûüӦĿ֮ȴ۾ûգһ£˺һŵ׹Ķϼ˾ȻٽṦ֮糤磬һ֮Ծɽ󰶿ڡ
ĸ۵ĸ͵ϮڰϣĿһɨ󰶿ڵɽ
ɽеվľߣеĶڹһۿȥаٺˡʱһһؿϰļ
ɽ֮УΨһվŻ򶨡һ޴Ĺڣ߻һ״ȥܳӣһңϵļ࣬ȴЩ졣
㣡۾ܿϳǾ͵ϮԼĵ
û뵽깦Լ󣬵ĻɫܿЦûСӸҽ쮵ļе㱾£ɸұţ
ᣬܹļģӦڽչ¶ͷǵ󱲣ܿǽ¼ǰʮ
Ṧ
ǣǧѣ
˲Ϊ͢¡
ǰİ꣬ȴԷԼ֮󣬺΢΢һ㶡
쮣ûбԼţʵ
ֻç֣һ͡
¼е͡
ŹѾϣЦؿŰꡣǰȻļƣҲǽ¼ǰʮĽɫǺɽ죬Ҳ֪Ըûв
ϰǾ͵ȹ
ȴûĶ쮳ϣҲЦԭ㡣
Цʱ˶˾
ȴûӦ˫ĿһѾȶ֣ߵһ˲ͬһ㶯ͷŲȥ棬Ȼ죬˴аãǲ񵹴̣ɭɭ⡣
һбϮȴ겻˷ЦȻһڿԼ
һæס󱸳ȥȴЦһһƾ䱻ϣȴǽһᣬ֣ĺֱӳ͵С
һ̣һ͵ĺȥ
߼ǧһͬСɡ
ͺ󱳺ʱ⵽ػǰһѪ򱻲ϵһд⡣
ʱѪĽֻеһѣ㱻괸õ߸
ոô£
۾æȥԼִǰ
ʵ

ִһ
ٶѪ
Դɵýֻǰ뵽һûոǷôһ£ȴѵѵ죬ǰ꾹ȻֱȡԼһõı˲ֱӰԼýʵʵ
һ˲䣬կկн¼ϵĸ˱Ƶ÷
Աߵɽŵ۾
Ҳȫû뵽ԼһΪկȻ˵ϣѪԼ
⡢⵽ʲô
ɽǿկһϣľǰĳҶ֡
ߴӰ˹
ӰҲṦޱѸݣ˵󰶱ߵʱ򣬿ѾսǶ˶ٽŲ
ӣ㡭·߿˿ǰ汻ŵɽֿתļ
ٶȿסˣĿɽŵϡеȥ֮ǰᵽ
쮡Ѿת֮ǰץɽһˡ
·ԭûʲô¶һ˿𾪡
ԱһִϵĽ鿴˱ŵһۣ˼ϣ˵ϲŭʮֵƽ
߲뿪Լϡ
пһ£عӣôűʲô
ʶһȴ·Ҳŵĵӣ㡭ǲˣ
˵ţĿ򼧳Ŀڴ


31 Ūҵ
һ, ԭڿŽ·ߵӺƣͷԼ½
·ǴŵĻǽİɫư֡ؿڴ, һɫ½ϣȻѪ, һƬɫȴԵ쳣ԡ
Ȼǿˡ
Դ˵һը, ֱʱ, Ÿоԭ˿ڴִһ˿ʹ, Ӧԭûȫϵ˿ֿˡ
Ѫ·ȥ
˿Ϊֳʱܵ, ֻҪһ˿ڿ϶ٶ, ʱôͼֳе˿һģһ
ҡûˣ
ֻԼÿһë׶˵, Ȼ뵽ʲôһת, ʰһűԱߵ߹ȥ
쮱ͱԼ, ȻĪֳ˼һš
ǰĻѾֵ⹷, Ūعӵ·

ͱԼһߣߵ䱳Ѫĭɣѩ׵°մ˲١
һ߷쮺󣬼ŪһЩæֹס, һſڨڨЦݣŽǸع, ˼û뵽ôѲŪ·, ȥϴɾ
飺
Ȼͷȴûٻع塣
ɫԵûްûпڡ
һ˿Ĭ
Ψͱߵ˿ѪʱڵϣȥжǱжǱһѪ֮ĿȻһһɨԱѾŵò֪ҪôӦɽǹץǵˣڵʲôżǣ
ͱڣֻ֣ҪֳңԽҶӡ
͵ĻһЩɽڷӦæ𹭼׼׼еˡ
ЩɽոҪ·żȻӿû𹭼߶ûһֱͨأ¶һͷҲ֪೤뼸ܿûϢ
ɽͬȻУýֻո⻮˵Ҳĺһֹͣˡ
ȻɽŨѹ£Ҫ¡ɽǰŹ΢΢˭Ҳ֪Լ᲻һɱĶŨƲֹϣҲͷĿ־壬ѹ˭
ֻ·߳ϸµüɨԱ߻ŵɽ
һ·ͨû뵽Ȼʹðĸ֣ۼƳ룬ʱ뵽ʲô¶һ˿˼ɫ·ͨѩȻûɱ㣡
·ɫһ䣬ͿȥֻĿոմԷͼԱߵļһ˹ȥߵ⹷ʵ㣡

·ĬĬؿŽ¼еֱߵù˹
ͱһںɽ콣ѩܣҲûܵͲһȥĳ衣
һһ
ûнѩΪܣôܻ䵽ز
ŻѪۼɶİѾѲãݺݵɨڳˣ벻¼˾ȻиǿܻʵЧģǿۡ
˵ܻʵ۵ʱд˿мȴһֱĬŲ˵ӺȻһһ˹ϸһ˿ĪЦ⣬Ը߶ϵظ
ͣĪҪ˵ǣԼҲΪԴ£ϴһ߽ʱǱҲʵнסҪʵ֪٣ÿ㽻
㵱ɵҪ˵ˣ߶ûл·ڵ˿Ѫˮ
ͫ΢΢Ǵ㲻˵
ͺٺٵЦǺǣǲڸʵ£Сʵңٿǽ
õȻ֮ƣһݣվԼߵĽ飬ȴ͵Цһ
𣿡
ȻԵõ
ԴҪ˽̾ʵܣҪ˵Ϳ鰸Ļʵ۶жٷֳˡ
ЦոһǰͶҪ˵ʲôȴоϺһë׶ʱըûĻȥ˵ͺָܿоԼҰתĿ֮ȻԼ塣
廹ʵʵţȴпڣпڴк˪ᣬסѪҺ罦ߣĿŽɢƣɭǡ
͵ϽӲסˡ
ڵǡԴˣ
ǽǺɽ죿
뽣ѩŵľӿ͵ԺֻʶػȻͷѾ˵ϣڵ˸
ڽͼǰҲȻء


ʱʹ󰶱ߣ־ڱصõԵҪǰ鰸һ¡
ڣʲô¼ʲôݵλصĸƶѡ
⿴һĻ㶣ֱߴ齫ջؽʵŻ
ֱɱˣ⿴׷ʬ壬òײһԼ
ԱߵĽԵӦһȵ̫࣬ϧ
⣺̫ʲôɣ
оĿֳʱһֱȥý鿴ԼǰЩѪץסؿڨڨЦҲǹҪŪ·ҡ͸ϴ·ȥ
˵ţȽ鷢һֱӴɽһ˾ȥ
ǱߵɽոĿԼϴͬӶŵ˶˵ֻڰ𸽽ˮԴĵʱŷӦָ˸
ѭŷһ·ȥſһССˮ̶˿æ⿪½鿴Լ˴
⼸ձȫûϵļ󣬸ոձôһڣƺһЩͷ۵ؿһᣬˮֱӳϴ˼飬ó·֮ǰҩ·ϣΪѵֹסѿڴѪ
ûлϴ·ֻý·£Ѫ̶ˮøɾ´ϣóڹɡ
ԱߵɽԱС
ȴһˮ̶ذɽ˹ȥ
㣬⸽Ƭ󣬰˵⸽ôҲвˮԴɣô͸ҴôһСʵ
Сˮʵ峺ȴȻγɣԱ߲ûκĺӵ
ɽһϴɵֻ˿ȥȴʵڱɽҪֲʱʻҲԩбһȻˮԴѾЩˮΣգСĿ϶Ҵȥϴ
ž֣ôܣ󸽽ӦöкɽбôƬôûɢˮϵ
ɽһʣŵʲô𲻳
üɽͼϣбȷʵûбעкĲ֣΢΢ס°ͣԺȴʯһͷؿɽɺӸֵʬˡЩˣǲЩٱʬ嶼ӽˣ


32 ܶ
ӾѺٱɽٵһҹ֮䱻, ʱ׵籩꣬ϴˢɽΧٱĺۼΪ˷ֹ˲ٱȥ, Ϳ϶취Щٱʬ塣
ʬ϶ǲڹٵϵģկϲĴկȥ֮, ƺ˽ٱʬװڳ, ľ, Ϻڲ, ɽбȵȥ
, ûĸСɽҳװĵʲô
쮺ܿ˳صִб, 󰶱߽ٱʬӽ֮С
뵽Լǿ֮ʱһƬ, յˮƬˮλ˲٣˸ĵ·һʼֻǾЩζȽŶѡ
, ˵Ȼ̦޺϶, ѾжϺ͵رϵ, Ӧûһ³֮ĵºһ·עɺӡ
³ĹٱʬƬ£ʱһºôʬºУⳤӺ, һ·Ʈ㣬ɺӸ˳
, ɺＴǳʬټǰ鸽ˮϵҲ
µص㣬Ͳ, ǳ˵ɽ
ԱߵɽѾһ£ͨ¹ˣ˵ʲôٱʲôʬ壬СĲ֪
㲻֪Щʲôһ߿ɽ¹ƣЦ꣬ʲô
Ȼţһߵ÷ɽŶʹʵʵˣֻһᶫСආֻ֪կ˶ǼֵһʼĲ֪˵ʬ塣
һʼǲ֪˵·ʱֵŵ˻￪ʼɢ֪ˡ
ֻǸ쮻챱կɽģ˭ûʬ壿
˻ˣǱկΧ˵أʵ
ɽı£Ҳ˵С治֪٣Щկŵ飬կֻǽկһЩ֣ЩǱկı־棬ȥɽӡ
ɽܹᵽͬϢЩȴûС
ĬȻЩ֮¾ԴˡǱʲǸСĿԴ㲻ԼҲ϶ɹšǻɽУ°¶ҲɽɽԼ˦ϵ
Ҵ˴жɽկԴˮ㣬ֱӹϵģûʲôָܹ
ֻϧѾˡ
⿴ɽΡΡӣüɻءص쮱ĵطĿּ϶˺üɽʬ壬ѪһƬҲмɽģ˹ڵϣͣط
ﻹʣµɽҳ־ؿųеӣΨһǰӰȥ֮ԵľԼ
޳УȴģüĿ䣬ὣվţ·Щֲ޹һ
˹תͷȥİꡣ
ȥ·ϴһ飬ԭԵѪѾֻʣºܵܵȦɫ԰ֳֽ״üܿ쿴ԼĿʱԭסܿЦ
һˡ
кֽеɽһǵؿһѪߣɨһǰŵˣвԭعɽרЩɽ鷳ʲôģ鹫ӸعӣӦýش˰ɣ
ὣ΢΢ɣԭɫҲԽ
ǿɲң񣬹ǹ٣ش˻شˡһ㶣æ˸ĿŲɽϣֻǲ֪شһûʲôջ񣿡
ɢǰ˿ݵļղ࣬鿴ţڽѪĽ£ɱ˼ɽ֪ǲѵ㡣
˵ӦǾʵ飬Ծڵݲϸʣֻõ˵ͷЦЦعӿǲˣ
鵭ءšһ
ûж˵Ҳ׻ʵôģײ鵽һˣֻվڽԱߣ˼Լһô
ɽİӲ鵽Ѿ˶Ȼ˵Ҳ˴𰸡
ˣҲûҪŽһжˡ
ʱ㣬ֳҪ뿪ǵΡҲȷʵ뿪ɽȸһ䡣
ţȻ㻹Ҫ𣿡
ᵽã
æͷ飬ȴҲϾȻظһ˿Ц⣺쮵կӾڱǻһ·һߡ

կӿ϶ûС񣬵֣ⷢĻ񲻴׾ܾӡ
ֻЦЦͽ˼䡣
ֵɱ˺üɽɽǲҲӣܿ·ߵļаӣ־ܡ
Ա߿ĿȴЩɽʬͣվ󰶱ߣĿ䴦Ƭã
̦޺Ţ̳ɣֻйľ͵Ͱľƽ¶ʲôҲ
Ҳ϶ɽ֪ٹٱڴ˵ص顣
ֻҵɵĹٱʬף޿ܡ
ĬȻ飬ȴ΢΢ͷ
ˡ
ţ
ѣſˮƽˮȦ΢΢񣬶ȴ²æͷһѾǰİɫֹļϡ
߰ɡ黹˳ϵĶñˡ
⣺
Īشӿĸоعͷջʰȥ
бկɽ·ⲻɽͼֽҲɽɽεò
뿪б󷭹ɽͷнʮ·ʽɽֻɽҲٵĸˮ·ɽ²֮ǰɽȣΧɽˮ
ǰеºӵ룬ٿⱱĵòʱ򣬲òٶ˴ˮϵķ
կկɽˮ֮С쮴ǰб֮ض˵ʱѽˮͣڸɽ£ֻʮȴԼ֮ɱҲòŻرկˡ
顢⡢·Ѻż·ɽ񷤣;ɽ壬ȴɽع㣬ɽȴγˮɽ񷤾ȻɴӼɽд
ɽеʯðжʯȻγɵܶ
⼸ܶɽͼвûϸ˵أҲδɽۡ
а̾ȴǰɽܶηηָǰһɽľ޴󰵺ڶڣսսسŽˣǰ֮ǰկǰЩĵط֮һ
վǰⲢɫȴûжֻǡšһ
ɽͷƤ飬ûٶ˵ֻý񷤷
нͣһɽڶһڵ˱ԭõĻѡ
ǰɽŻ⣬˺ܿ쿴ԭڰɽһΣﾹɽ⿴ȥҪ޴ˮ·ߣܶγ״ƻʯʮֻ֮ܶϣӳջ⣬Ӱ¶
*
ʱھǡ
븮
Ŷ֮һһʮһ顣
ڣ˪Į
ף˵ֳ赽ô£ǰͻȻʧȴָͻȻǰķڲָһ¶ɫüĿ忡ֳ軹䣬Ȼϵ븮뿵
뿵ȴѾȫûеԴֳֻģʱᵽֳ衱֣ҧгݣлЩ¡
ʮ֮ǰָ϶ҵͻȻʧȥֳ١ˣָҲ֪Լҵ¹ȥ
ֳ˴εεǰɽѲĴʷǻȥǰһԴﳡɱʧܣ¶˶λղĶ˭֪ȥ˻û˼죬ԭҪסĿ꾹ȻһҹʧͬһӰ
븮ֳǰǰɽǰڳšվ͹ؿڵȴûмˡ
ֳ֮±ͼΪֲʱͻȻʧм˷𡣶Ҫǣ뿵ΪֳʧԼҰʱǰȻֳ踮ͣ߳ȥһ·ȥ˹ٵгǰɽļ
ҵæٹȥȵ֮ͣʱǰ鿴ȴտҲûκˡ
븮˰ƭæؾ棬ȴ룬ڶյһƵؾֳĺţھһȦٶٵȥ
뿵Ѷǰ鿴ÿȴڳȻʲô˶ûС
Ŀô뿵£Ŷ߶µ˵Լ˹ӶǮ¡ʼòȴ˵ϸȻֻԼӵ˴ͷŶ·ӱȽϸߣͲ֣ӵʱֻһ˫۾ǿסһ¶˳ú͹һ
뿵һֻñе㷢䡣
ԴҲҵ˽ֳͣ۷Ȼʧ⼸ƵӶ֪Ƕңתǵߣˮǰ뿪ǣǰɽ
뿵ףȥɽ᲻İǵ
ǵ飬ɵɽһءԴЦɽɽɲ׶Ըģկǽ¼ĵϿֻܹ֮ϣֳһǸ춼
뿵ɫ࣬ĵֳôֻǸ
ֻոԤֳ飬ԴѾüɽ֮£顣Ʊȴ÷ǬѳֳϺǣңʵڿɶ񡣡
뿵Ҳеǵ˵ǬҲڰвΧ֤ݡ
ЭãҲϣȻô˻侮ʯԴµɽá
뿵һݵǴ㽫Щʡ
أ˴Ϊ֮Դ
ԸΪЧ͡뿵ԣԭȴһ塣
áԴԼĶӣɼ¼ϵĺǰȥӦ쮣ǻӦ㡣
׷ģ϶ͳȥ뿵˵ţԺȴֳ费ѧý䣬̧ͷģ
ʱģ˳һֻӡ
뿵Ŀ


33 ɢ
ԵˮƷ, Ĺ⡣
ЩӦþǱߵľʡ
̧ͷɨһۣվͷϵ·ŻһԾʯõ˿һ, н͸һ鿴˼, Ŀһ, ϡ
񷤺ִܿɽ뿪, ǰһʲĵص㡣
һ·, ־Ƶɽ, ɽ, е쮵կ֮կλɽ֮, һٲҶ£Ѻɽǰ·Ƭ̣һʵѵ㡣
˴֮ٲߵµ׶, õľʾȻдСС, һһŶµ׻ɽ, سš
·ʣ˶һ飬عӣܹʮմӾǷȥһʡ
鿴·ɽ
ɽǱկСͷĿ, ˫Ȳæ¹ĵ, ЩƽʱڹܣҲ֪ЩĶѡƽʱЩ⣬ǳ˿˼, 治֪ġ
ԭɽ֮ǰ󰶱õļʸҲʡѹЩɽ۾գһ£͢ʣѾƴֵĴӻˡ
Ȿǰߵʡ
ĬĬȻ뵽Ҳ֪ŮӴʱû˳ûҵʦ֣ûǹս
ˣϸ£կƺһˣ쮺ǹϵͦģʧӦþߵģûһ˴𻰣ɽ̼ǵ
ǰɽկʱöԵﳡΧԵĴɱֳ迴Ķ븮ı⣬ﳡΧԵĴɱʧһٲ˸ϵ
鵽˴Ѿˮʯ
ѾȳԤĿܶˡ
شˣϲҵҪҵĶΡΡɽ£⿴һڸµʣڿڵ
˶˶
ҰߣٲǰȻҵĶѾҵˣǱҲøˡ
紵ϵĶñվڽǰ¶һЦݡ
ǼҪˡ
ɫûб仯ųЦݡ
ҲŽ顣
Ŀ⽻㣬ֱ˺һʵ۵ᴹ£ƺǷŹ˼ˡ
áͷ
ǱȡһϲҪӻȴһ仰Ѿ˹
ϲûȬ·һ̰ɡ
ʲô·ߣ
⻰ں۽һƳȴ·߲֪ʱȡһСϡ
ǰӾóͷ
֮ǰʡ£ûʵչˣϵͷҲ˶Է
ĶȻϴȴһʷĹٷٷͷһöʥ
Բۣ
ǡ·Ѿػش
Ŀ⿴ֿ飬ȴҲ¶һЦݣǰһֱԣұ·ȱĶģûзĶ
㲻Ǵ˵
ͽǸòŽ飬ǲŽ顣
ⱳӲ˺һżһ·Ƕлشˡ
һЦҲûл·֡
ϤЦݡ
ⱾӦ׼ڣɫȴһ䣬͵ؿæȥ˰ֵ׻Ͳ˵ˣˣɽˮǺڰɡ
˵ţֵͿһ󣬼һһģŲȴûֻͣһ죬һߣѾȥ
ߵٶȻЩ졣
紵µףķ˿Լ׵紵ϼƬմѪ鲼Ҳڿз衣
һ˶żɫӰԭֵЦ⽥ʧԭĿ⾹¶һЩһЩִš
ֱӰʧԼҰɿ֣Ȼⰵɫµɽ
ɽѩˡ
·һȴҵæ׷ϼ첽ʹṦ׷ϣȴּûԶֻɽߵˮߣƺϴֵӡ
ˣܿ콫ˮƴңˮ׵ĻϷոˮɫûǲ
ˣˮƺ󣬼תһ˫ڵӵԼһֳֻһ̯͵ɣѰң׼·ˡ
·ŷּʪģǸոϴӣҲˮʪһЩɫɢգԭѾ׵ֽķɫԳǵ֮
ڵλòһ·̣·¶εӣҪΪѣǼҹ㵽ϲ׼һȥ
ȥʲôһ㶣ʵ
·ֱԲ䣺ع˵ողˣ»кɽûҽʦعصضҴȥӸ
˵˻ãһ˵ֻñ˹ĵطܣֿ˼
һѪӿæѹסʵû˵ʲô
·һԥǼعӻҪת漧ȻҪҲҪ塣
⣺
鵽ûзݣ
⿴·ʼղóİü
Խ֮ǰֳͼ̬ͣ̽ȣ˲ôƭȥˡɽԵӣ̽ݣֻҪ鿴ܷ˭ɽͻȻ·תⷬʲô˼
ѵ˵ԣûв鿴
֪ݵĻ·ӦҲ֪˭ڿ·ߵӣֻǰ
ѵûб¶߻ʵۻ̽ϾԭֳģȥԶѾȫķΧ
ɻ˵ããҲҲ.

Ϳһ󣬵û˵ڣ֪ˡ
Ǽһվ׼ȥģ·ʵ
ɽתֻһβͣ·ߡɽǲиأȥ
á·
˵ţȻѺɽ񷤣ȵϰƥһ·Ϸȥһյ·̣ڵء
λڴɽ˴ǰĹٵܽʱڴ˾֮ö֮Ϊó׼УûоǸس֣ȴҲ
سǣҲֳ¹ְϽ
ʱڣһһӰһڽַߡӰӶʮָڣһǾ˲˵ע⣬ǰİ꣬ư⣬ѩаɫſòһƲĿĸоڰİӰ粽룬һϱһصĲϸü۴⣬Ա˶԰졣
˶·ǰİͣİӰЩεˣҲˣѰңϾȥ
ع˵Ҫҿ㾲·߲ûó
һ·ϣԡع˵ص˲˶ùصΪɣѼõҲһ

·ߵĻĬȻȻ֣鰲·һȫеӡ
·ΪȴûиŽ鷴ԼɽĪ·߾Ӧֳˣ
һ̽Զ϶·߲֪ݣҪԼݺ·ദȹֳ赽ΣҪôֳݺ·߽ӣ
·ߣǲҪֱӶ·߶ְѶüʧ˵
ţ׼øٵĵط·߶֣ǼȴȻһĵ
ǺܵŵĻ㡣
ŵΪĸҵۣ֬ȴԭоϢȻɢ˲еһɺӿת
㶣һǰˤȥȴ·һйֱۣĸ첲ڼ羱ϣߴųǰУߵǸˡӣǼҹ壬书ûмӸǿֻܳ²ߣӼ¡
Ųȫû·߷˼ʵ㡢ʲô
ؼҵĻɢ·ԥһᣬɢֻǽӹʱȥӣҽʦΪϡ


34 ͷҽ˭Ҷɡ34
ɢ
ûйļг֣ɫҰ, סؿڷغ˼, ǰӰҲģֻܿԱߵ·, ǿάվŵơ
·߼ྱϲһȫ亹аҵ飬æżһɾĿջ, ŶԷ¥
ʱס书ļɽ֮ʱҪԺܶ, Ҳ֪ǲصû˵Ǳ˵ȫֻһ˫۾·, ʱɢ, ʱ־һ˿޷ޡ
·ֻӲͷƤüƽڴϣȥ亹׵Ѱҽʦ
ߵʱæ, ϵĶûз, , ֳİ
ڴᡣ
书ǿӦò³ˡһˡκ, ˭֪ϾȻлɢľذ׶޷
ɢҩЧҲʵǿɢɡ, ѵԢɵĹܹɢȥ
ôܻˣ˵нɵٷɣҲԨһšѾǽ¼ĵһѵɢôרſ˽ѩģ
޷ȴ۵÷ţֻڴϿʺ˼롣Ҳ֮ʣйϢƵ೤ֽ˻
⶯˶ַָ̧ǰ˿
ǰûһ¶ó·˵ĻɢѹƵֻˣ
ʲô
ѵҩ
뵽˴΢΢һ㶣ȴջ⴫Ų෿ű˴򿪣洫˵
롣·ߵ
ü뻹ǰַŻԭ˫һգװ˯š
·ߺҽʦһţϵ˱Ŀϲ԰ƽΪԷڻ˯ҽʦ״ֻ˶£ѹ·߼䲡
·ҽʦֻһҹ֮żз纮ղͣ·ϸղˡ
ûἰؿڴ˿ڣǻ֪ܹˡ
˿
ҽʦһɽλӦҹ䲡а壬ûҽΣڷѾЩϷȸһҩ˵
·лҽʦдҩ
ҽʦдϺֿ۲˵գ̲ס˵˼֮ϾãȻ˼壬֮ǡ
·ᣬҽʦȥץȡҩġ
ųŶ߼ĶǳԶҪüڴ˴ͷҽ
еѾָ̲ס۽ǳ鴤ǿԼĳ嶯
ȸһ죬·ڼĴ齱˻ɢ
⣺
ޱٶĬĬŹ
ֳⷢ˵һȻŵɢζԼϢ̣ҩɢƺѾѲġ书ˡ
·ָ׼˼׻ϴ·֪·ĻǽǰͷȻҲȫǻ򵭰׻°֮ɫ
׵һѩζֱܿӵҩζڸǡ
·ߵݵԼǰҩ룬üһڹɾڴĿתض·ߣطʵ·ӣ֪شȥˣ뿪شôãû𣿡
عҪѾ뿪ɽֻǷ£뼧ӲҪ֡·ߵ
û͸¶٣ҲµɽѾʱĻʵӦѾصǡ
ȥƺ飬ӦþͽӦֳ·ߡ
Աһͻӽʵ۵ֳ裬ȻһֱڽߵİֵΡ
ⷭ˸ֻػ˼䣬ͷ˯
·߼ڰ˿תصԼķ䡣
һڵķ䷿´򿪣Ӱӷ뿪˿ջ
ÿյϢܹɣîʱʱأδʱʱأÿγŶϼİмʱǿżҩʮֵĹɡ
Ĺһֱîʱ·߳ţڴӴϷ£Ŵߣ·ߴӿջ뿪ַ߽
⿴·ŵͰܿ˸﷭£ȺУ·ߵ١
ûһ·Ȼ˾ϲؽס
ⲻǶ𣿡оԱԼץסԼֽе
һ㶣ͷˡ
˵һʮҵˣ͸̬ϴŽ£ȥֺмͬϢ߻ˣѾװ磬һǳʩ죬ǸСұŮӡ
ͷ¶ϲǶϴһһΪټˡ
һһ飬Ӷ˶ۣǣ
ص֣׾̬˺ǺһЦָߵǳ۹ЦǼŮǶ˵öæɽѣֻǵʱߵôæҶûüл
ɽ⿴֣׾ģЩӡ
ɽû֮ʱ˺üկӣһЩɽߵĸ̼֣֣׾Ӧþǵʱ֮һ
ʱΪֻǾֻ֮ͣû뵽Ȼײˡ
ĽŲ˶٣̧ٿȺȴ·ߵӰѾʧ˵·ͷ
֣׾ҲȻû뵽ټ⣬վǰĳһʲüһ統һӢʱЦû뵽Ҳء벻żȥƷһ٣һȫΪл
⼸ոһֱԲ¶üԾͲˡֻ·æΪ֮ҲδлңлЩЩɽĹٱɡ
֣׾û뵽˵ŮϾ¶һ˿Ź֮ɫ֣׾ֹڻǵ˳ǲǸɽ
ǡ֣׾죬ͷҴϷġ
ѹֵǱץˡɽϷǾǵķ֣׾æЦЦϴ֮˵ҺͼŮɶȣɽ֮ȴһֱûҽϱٸǼһ°ȥˣӦҲûô
֣׾л֮ô˵
ɽƷɽûȵİɽǰٸ٣ùٸץܹɽĶǹһڿ֣׾飬񲢷һ
֣׾˿Ⱥûиڴڣֻ˸̳С֪Ϊɽôɽ𣿡
ɽƸӣѹҺͳ͢Եĺһ鼬ֵ򣬾Ҳ˵˴ɽɱ
ΪΣĬĬʵ
֣׾û뵽ʵôֱӣ㶡ܿ컹εЦЦָѬ˲ˮдһ֡
֮ǰɽӦҲɽĵˡɽλͨٵٿسǣԭǸУ̼ڶࡣֶ̼࣬ǮȻҲ࣬ɽĸǮۿģȻͼɽ̾ҲͶˡ
йһδ٣ǮƾȻ˶ֻеڶΡΡ
ɽ࣬ԭֻҪٸֻѹƣصĹٸ֪Щկɽկӣÿ궼࿪ǮΪУȴǣ֪زΧˣɽĳ֣֡׾̾ǱⱾǺãֻѾ֪ǽ±˹٣ҲǳΪ֪Ĵ̶ѡ


35 ˭Ҷɡ35
Գɽµһٵĸ̼Ѿʮ죬ԭӦò鳭ɽĹٸȴ޶ǵɽһһ, ôȥ, ЩɽҲѾ취ˡ
ǱƵկЩկɽøɾ, ҲƲʲôˡ
أĬĬʵ֪زܻةξٲû֪֪, ЩҲ
֪˴ֳεĴʷͬһƷ, ֻ߼Ǽְ𣬶ǰͳϽյطȨְ
ȻǽǮȻһ·֣ͨ׾, ֪Ҫ, ôٵ֪ݵĺôξԱ治ֲɵ, οΪЩɽǮء
ûг, Ųһڡ
֣׾Ϊǳﲻʹ, æֵҲ̫⡣ɽѾã߻ʵԶ, ûа취ֽܹǣѾǴ󹦵һֻǶٹɽ, СЩɽ±
֣׾óȣȴûпһ˵ǹƥկӣ֪ѾѹٵߵɽѶ˸׳졣⼸죬ɽɽܵشկЩ϶ɽﴫɽ
οнɱ˲գ۵ֶڣЩɽĵһʱ䡣˴ιٸ֣ɽɽҲԪˣʱ˲ˡ
ûаɽ֣׾ԶŲһ٣ֻЦЦҪˡ
⻰˵֣׾üһ㶣ȴԷü΢԰׵üȾɫԵøĿ£ϸܵĽëסеĹ⻪µӰ
ԱߴŷۺѵŮѾͨ죬еӣߴӵĿ⣬֣׾һۡ
Ǻõǡ֣׾̷ӦųǺһЦ֣ҵö֪֮ʲʲ
ǱƳ֣ԺܿЦЦҲǸ߽ĴˣʲôĲҳݣ֣үҺһˮѾ㹻ˡ
˵ţˮһҪǡ
֣׾һ㶣ԱߵŮżšӣʹɫ֣׾æǰסԭ߽ʿ֪⼸տ֣֮Ȼ㲻ϸݣҲǳԣ
·߼ӣȻȥ֣׾Уܵл֣үйҹĵط
ԭˡ֣׾ⲻϣߵŮӽĿ⣬ֵҿһˣ֪ͣз䣿
ţ
СŮ֣СŮԵöһֱġ֣׾ѾݴŷۺѵŮǰųЦոҲСŮһϳ
ǰ֣ѾǺϼĵ̧ۿǰİ꣬ϵͷȥЬССŮ
֣㣬ģ֮ˣǺƣȥ߶ˡ⿴ȴһ㶣ʱڵ
ʲôǱ˵ǿ
׵ûڱϵ֮ǰѾʮüǴ꣬ѿЦܹ󣬵һֱ֮£ֻСٿǻ飬һֱڵѼˣҲͣ˸Ե˼
Ϊһȥȴû뵽һ磬ȻҲ׵飬ǶԷĸĸֱڵ¡
֣׾Ȼף߽ʿܹǳɽѣмֵı¡ܹŮպ˻ٲɽţһһõ顣
ţųĻشȴɿһԴǸǸлԼҪСˡ
İ꾹ȻѾ˻Լ
֣ҸŮų⣬Ȼû뵽ԷĻش֣жʱպʧ䣬֣׾Ҳһ˿ϧ
꣬˼ɫһʼⶼмҵˣ£ˡĻشֱ˵ȫûô
ͻˡû뵽л䣬Ҳ֪ʲôŮˣΪޡ֣׾дźϻЦǺǵ
ֻһ˵֣ϸŮͷʵʲôԼʱ֣׾ֻڴ׾Ҳ߽ƽĶչˣֻǽ£зֿˡ
˵˴Ȼ˶١
ո˵׾ֻһ˵ӰȻԺ¶˪ǽ˭


̫˰ɡ
ô뵽
ŽģƤֱ
ԭˡ֣׾ͣǺŪ˵ӣֻܰϧغͶ
֣üŰ׿ȻĿ¶Թ
ûٿ˵ɫʱѾ࣬ͷʼܿҪʱִӽзؿջɻشϣ·ߵĻ
Լһӵʱ䣬·߹Ȼķ䣬һͼСˣ극˺ְҩż¡
ҩζŨأüһɿɬҩȴ·߻üԼ
ôʲôʲôһݣװģĬĬԼ
Ϊ·߷Լ飬ȴ·߽ӹеҩ룬һ˿ǵӣѾʮˣյȴûȥ
һ㶣ʶ·ڿĲ飬ȷʵһֱڷƺʮֵּӡ
⼸ȻָȴҲԹ·ߺҩϢҲĸεǰҶѾ㰴ôˣҪȻҵͰңԼȥҸҽʦ
ɣعտ㡣·һҪߣ衣
ߣ㲻˵Ҳ˵عӲ֪ġ
ⲻ֪֪顣
Ǻɽѩڹ㼧顣
·߼ޱɡ
⣺
ⰴѹס˵ĳ嶯ֱͷտ͡
·û˵ʰһ¶뿪˼ķ䡣
·ȥ֮󣬳ִӴһ·³ŵִӴԾ·ߵӰβ˹ȥ
·ߴسǵУһһשߣųſڴʯʨׯ£ͷһҶУнɫдá֡
·߼ãȴûͣӡʶȥֻ·Ӱһ˱ԽǽߣŹӰúԺǱйȥ
⿴һ󣬼ǰֵصĹɢɢֵŸڣܿҲ·һڣ߶Ϣ·ߵķϡ
һǰһ󣬲һúԺ·߶·߲ԶСʶܿͿúԺɽˮѩɣװʮиɽߵһͤڣһͤιˮнվߡ
һ˿ι֮ˣ֪أ˵εĴʷϾҪΣٹվҪأǻ鰸ӵģǸô죿
ιͶ˲ˮнŴأֵһϣĴʷ˵Ǹֳǰɣ
ǡԱߵ˹
ι֪Ц˵ھǲǷã˵Ǹ䣿
֮ھǲټһЩ߹ҲϲЩСѰֳֻ֣Ŀŵسģžֻһ˶ѡ
Ȼ֪ԱߵҲжţһ˸ЦҲϾǵ˴˾˵ȷʵǣȨûϵ˵ӣŻ˸ƷĹְ


36 ֳ˭Ҷɡ36
ôһᣬվŵҲͻϹϵɲͷͬСˣֳһ, ᲻ɻϵġ
ʵ۸ոλ, һҲûмɡ
˵ţһ, ᣬûѺĻ˵
ϵĳü
ͥԺۣһȻȿڵѾЦ, 鵹Ҳδ˵, ֳ赲˵ӲŵƷʷǻʵҲֳ֪ķ߰, Ž˷䵽ɣ
ƾٽʿǰ, һ㶼ھıһְֳٰΡԻжȴֱɵļΪھǵĹȦﶼãСطĹԱ˵ҲǸȤ
֪ҲЦ, һ, Žе˸ɾ, ˣҵֳ赽ɽʷ, ǻʵ۱⣬ôǳŴеǼġ
ᵽǼ¡ة, ԭЦݶػȥ
˽֪ص֣֪һأԸة֪˶֪Ǽָʲô˼
˵Ѿʼ߳飿һСʵֳ᲻ʲô
ƾ쮵ô󡣡վԱߵةɫҲȻ֪أ˵Ҫֳǵĵط飬ǸǺã
˶֪հĿ֪شȴ֪غǺЦѵΪƾƾЩɽկеȥϵĶˮýֳ鰸ҲôסǷģٹȻӦ
һȴڰ·Ҳһ
ɽİ漰ɽԴɽѾγӦֳģҲԴɹˡ
ЩԻƺ֪쮵Ѿ£һΪб֮絫ƵһҲܿ·ֽ߰š
ةȻ뵽ʲôɫر΢
ǡ
µǲǼڵемˡ֪غֳ絽ȻҪסˣ鵽ƾЩɽϣӦȵǲۻ𣬾䣬лᣬҲΪЩһѣܲǸ˵ĺøС
ƾ쮺һ֮ѣɽҲȻܵǣͤվŵ˺֪ܿص˼ͷӦ¡
֪ǰ׼ӦֳĿةͳһڿھԷʱ֮衣
֪ش֪ܵذźЦģһͽȥֳ޹
֪شӢֳòײһƷ٣ǾҪⰸͷⱲӶزȥةЦ
겻ɻϽ񣬶Ȼܵ𷣡ֳǾҪʲô鲻
ͥԺЦЦּ߶˼䣬ĵҪĹԱйأȴҲûж
ȵ˼䣬·ѾӰ뿪úԺ
Ҳͣ£ԶԶظ·ߣĿ䱳İɨ˺üۡ
·ȴδ뿪֮ת뼯У߽һҽݣһִһҽʦ
·ˣֻȷֵĴ㣬»صջķɺá
һű˴򿪣·ҽʦ˼ڵķ䡣Ŀɿɨ䣬ڴ˯ţ˿
˺üգɫǺѪɫ԰ֽ
·üҽʦΪϡ
ҽʦڼϵãüͷȴԽԽִܿڼľϸֳһ˿ǡ
ҽʦҽʦ飬·ߺӿһֲõԤС
Աߵ˷ʣҽʦջ֣ѯʵ֮ǰ˵Ϊλҽʦɷ࿴ҩ
·ԣܿ콫֮ǰɽҽʦҩȡ˹ȥ
ҽʦüԭҩ
ҽʦԭҩ𣿡·߼״̲סʵ
ҽʦҡͷҩȷȷʵʵ˺ȵ䷽ζҩöû⡣ֻλӡ
˵ţ̾˿ֻλӷҩȴһֱûиԭΪ纮Ⱦˣβŵ¶а֣¸ղˡ
·һ㶣űĿļдһ˿
ǰɽһ֮¼еסȻ˵ģ
ɼȣɫûѪɫȥǸûµһ
ͺɽѩ٩Ц۾
ҽεķ·𾪣æŵʵ
ҽʦȴҽʦҡҡͷ
ǳҹѪ鸡йѪ֢״ҽʦ֢ͨҩʯЧسǿ϶УƣôȥЩطѰҽҽΡ
·Ŵ˴ҽʦ˵𡰿Ѫ֮ʱȻ뵽ռͽ֮ʱˮˮϴ棬֮ǰһֱڵͿȡ
ӻ辡̣ⲡѾʮΣգϲ̫áҽʦֵ
·Żйæлҽʦȴһ˿ã
һϼӦֳ裬񼧳ֳȴûеҪǺã
üҽʦȥַؿջȡֽʣڰдһСֽ֣ãСͲУŸ롣
Ÿ˼£·߽СͲãſŸӷУǵķȥ
ʱҹɫѾŸ벻һߵİɫʧ
·˿ջĿ⣬Ҫת֮ʱرһΣյĸӦԼķ˵ĺ
˭
ʲôʱǱأ
·תϵٿ˺ķȥȴ뱻һһһϤ
·ߣ⬡ģǼ
·ȻһȴȻ֪ʱվһľͷذס
ذʮСɣΪľʵģ滹кƯ·һֱΪǼϲûнȡ¡
ڼȴذףȻؿ
㡭·߾㶵ؿűӦ˻ɢ޷ļȴѾһĺ󾱡
·ƺһǰ
ˡȴ߼һѾһѷסҪµ塣
·߳˹ȥ
⿴·ߴµͷ֣˱ϰúãȡԼİߡ
ֻصԼķ䣬˰Ķʥ͹ٷ㻹Լ֮ǰʱģ˿
Ӱȡϴɫѣ´˺ɫĳ
ܿҪˡ
⽫ãڴͷĬĬؿһ۾
ոҽʦ·ߵĻȫˡ
ϵԼҲЩ˽⣬ҽʦ˵а֡Ѫ鸡пѪ֢֮ЩģʱųĹӲѡ
ҪϽɽ顣
Ҫ£ûʵλá
ǵ·ϣ᲻ˣ
СθǾ˰
ܿת뿪ջɫڼѾʧȡ֮һò


37 ʷѲ˭Ҷɡ37
ҹṦ뿪أʮϢһ, ڶǰĵ̲ɹ, ˰İ棬Щĳ, Ϊѵ˸ӵķڣŻǮһһ
߸֮£ԼóžͨĹٵǰ
ٶȾɽ, ɽƶ, ϴӣ·δմȾѪȡ
˴ԼһʱͣǰٵߵĲϢˮ, ÿӿ˼, ¿ڳϱĿ
һ΢΢¡
̧ۣԭλϴʱѾһӰӰж, ͷ, ¶ֻϸµķۡ
ִˡ洫ʮϤ, ձιȥ·ߡ
·߹ȻǽصɽӦֳˡ
ֱ壬·ߵıӰ͵Ϳһ, ͵͵ǡ
ҩζ·߻ͷֻۣڳ˴һӵ, Ȼŷڣȴкܶ޷ɢڼղ࣬Զüټϲ԰׵ɫƣкҪϴԱ
Ҳǰ˼棬ֻʱԷԲѣӦϲԼ˭
ǻӦִ˵ġ·߻ص
ԭǡҪôƺ㣿Լɫ
ִ˿Ժͻһƺ·ߡ·ߵ
͵͵Ӧһ
ɫ׵һȥǵδӣҴǻʵӲ֮̽ˣ·ߺһֹĸоɨ˼ֳңȴҲû˵ʲôֻǴֳԼݳǰ
ֳ貢񼧳ô˵ĬĬԵһ·󣬳˲Ƶظɿһʵ·ˣȥҪô
·߿ǰ·ûͣ£Եǲʽٰɽ˻أһɽѲ˸ϵ㵽֮Χɽɽв࣬ҵʣЩʴسС
ɽѾ壬ʣµĿ¶Ǳ·ͳһھֳץЩ˶ץ֮ͻύ˴ξʽٰ̫ξйأʵԴ
ʱһǴҪ֤֤ڣΪ˳°⵹ԴĹؼ
կɽͷΪĶڽʵֵһᡣ
ֳҪģҪ֮ǰһ̣ؼգԴѸ¡
šӦָֻƽ
ƽ͵ģƺմǰԦ·߻عͷֳһִۣˣұΪҪղŵ
·ڽߴþãĿҲ֮⣬ЦЦҺҲϲӡ
ôģ
·߶ֳ
ֳȴҪ˵ѵӣ峺
ǻ£·ӵĿ⵭ȥΧɽǾУùٷ˹ᣬϾ˿¶ˡ
·߿϶õˣӦǵԴ˻
áȡµİĹٷȡһұȥò鿴
ٷǺɫģƳˣзݴ壬չɡ̯·ȥԼĳ½
·һ㶣ȻֳҪưȴû뵽Ϊżֳ½Ѿ⵽ڣ¶£Ȼǽιҩˣæƿרעؿǰ·
ոһɽѩļһΪϵֳ裬·ְסԼĺ󾱣ֻ֮ǰĵط
켧ֵͻȻûüӦҲ֪ΪʲôĻɢͻȻʧЧȻԷ˹ȥ
ȵҴææ˼䣬˴ϰһװɫѾû˼Ӱ
뿪ʱ򻹴ˣý֪£·ȥᷢʲô
æѰңָ书ļ֮ϣôܻҵ
·ѰһȦֻ÷ҵͷдһŷɸ봫򾩳ǣ뿪ǰӦֳ衣
ոٵĲ̣㿴иӰʮֵ졭
·عȻеֳϢ΢ؿйĺ֢ˣԷؽȾѪ᲻Է˿ҲǸλã
·кȻӿһͷٿٶתֳ迴ȥȴֳѾúɫٷüڷͷͣذŪ
ַƺǻڵӡ
·߿ֳɢͷһ·ģջĬĬڵִ֮ǰֳͣͷ
ֳɫ΢˵Σĺɫ˿£סɫ
·ڰֳ·ʱ򣬰ֳһֳһȫûκԷĵҲǿտҲȫ书ӡ
ֳ豾˲ܣɪһ£̽Ŀ⡣
Ŵźµֳ¶Ų죬·߶ʱҲֻô̽ͷֳǰ
ǰŵĵشŹǷؾͼһſͣ£һŰɫ·˴Ծ£ŰӰÿܿ̽һӰ
Ӱ¶ݵʱ΢΢һ㶣ֻƤ𪣬һƯȥŮӣͷڣµüĿӢϴŵĺɫ·Ҳйٷƣǹүͷ
˭
ۿˣԼԴĿ⡣ȴ¹ٷӴųشӳ̧ͷң΢΢Ц
Цʱü۾ŵĻһһ㶣Ŷ߾˵ĺЦ
ðɣ˵
ǡ㶵ػأĴӶԷЦæǰλүǡ
ɽʷֳ裬֮ǰɽ鰸λ֪ͨڵˣ˵նղˣҡ
һ㶣ŷӦǰ¹ԱصضҪעƷѲʷ
ֻ˵ʷӦ·ϣ͵ˣ
ʷƷϵĹԱʱɽڣƷĹԱȴҵæתǰͨ
·վֳ棬û뵽֮ǰŵֳӣھȻһֱӰ˸ɵö࿴ǰĺɫӰۡ
ɫӰҲվţ۽ͨȶԷ룬ѾֱӸ߽á
ôԼһ
ۿֳһݣɶԷλСֲֻӲͷƤȥ֪ةξˡ
ֳ˼ڲ۵ע⣬ںʱôεˣȴԷٷͼɫһæԱ
ֳȴԴ˲ᣬֻһееϡ
ʱŻûãܱ߿һˡ
⿴ھǰ̻ƣճϷһҹţ顰Ŀɨ˼ߵǰϣͷ֣̫ү


38 ֱ˵˭Ҷɡ38
ֳȻȻȻŹ·߿һ, ȴֳѾϵĵᷭ
ڲ鿴ʲô
·ʰǰ, ȴֳּ貢ڿ½ƷԱֻȷ˼£㽫·˻ȥ
, ·߱㿴ֳ֧Ŷͷ۾¡
ͷڣɫĴӴ࣬˰, ߽һ, ·߲ԷһȦܵܵɫӰǰҹӡ
ʱѾ½½ˡȵһ֮ǰֳһ, Ⱥվ, ţ¶죬Ի࿴˼ۣߵڡ
ٸһʱ, һӵֹ, Ϊ׵˴ŴƷٷ, Աߵۼŷ׷ξ
յξ󲽿絽, ȵŵ˵ʱҲһ㶡Ŀ⿴ĴʷԭΪӦһ꼶ʮʸȴû뵽ԷȥΪ, Ƕʮӣҳ׾Լȫһ
Ų˶٣Է۾ʱԼ̫һ㣬ֻԥ˸۵λõˡ
ֹһʱ䣬½½ˡةҲһǰ˿ԭ֪λŸµĺҲ΢΢һ㶣ټòȻػһۡ
ԹȻˡ˰Цղ
·߼״ü̲סҲĿֳķӦԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽߵλֳȴƤδ̧һ£˶ԼĿ⡣
ٹһӣ֪١
һõģ֮ʱõѾվ롣֪ΪƷٷԼԭλŸ¹ٷˣ۾УܿϻǼЦǰִˣִˣ֪гʷˡ
ڳһˣΨгĹְվҲǰ档ָةξˣ֮иۡ
ֻƽʱƽǰϣһ˱ˣֻܺһվ
šֳҲ֪Ǳѻһֱû˯۾˿
˵ǻװģгţȴЦţ¹ٸոæڹʧԶӭ½⡣
޷ֳ
˵ţֱ塣
гӶԷӡ
ʵոûϵֳᵽΣǹ֪ͨʷ鰸ʱʼΪԼˣֱ˰в̽˺һȷ϶ԷòȷӦþֳ豾ˡ
ֳͰټãΪֹϡԷǱԼƷĹԱг˼һᣬǾȵ̽̽
ڣֳǰò԰ףŹٷҲڸǲסϵĲȥһҪ
ִͻȻ֪Ϊ£ԷҺʹŵĲӣгʵ
Ϊֳ͸ոͨᵽɽ鰸飬ȴֳ迪żɽҷ֮׷ǰʱһĿǰѵ֪һɽɽйء֪أ֪ؼ࣬㲦һٱǰɽ˷ˡ
ֳϵ˵·߸Ҫ¹Աһ顣
·߿ֳ輸ۣû뵽Էֱӣ˵ֱӡ
гҲû뵽ֳ边Ȼ鰸Ḷֱ́Ҫ󷢱
̽
ɫ΢΢һ䣬뵽Ǳ֪ҪϽڳ£Ҳᱻۣæװִ֪ˣո˵ϵɽǰ˵ɺӸٵôд£
֪Ϊĸ٣Ȼְأ֪ԼϽ˴¡ֳ貢ûнֻͣǿг
ֳ˵䣬ֱһñӿ֪أڳԶ׷̧ͷ̲ס̧ͷ࿴ֳ輸ۡ
վгξҲüؿֳ衣
гѲɷֳ赱˵׷һֳ軹֮ϣ̵ִֻ֪ɽԱθӣɽƽկһܹ֮ɽ٣¹Ҳǵһ֪ôȷʱٵĵطɽضΣ
·ü
гĵҪɽԼƲ塣ֳǻϵӣʵϲ֪ɽʲô
ӰţȴŵĺƷʷЦһ˵ԼԻͣż֪أ˵ɽ飬ȴһٵؼƲԼ;ʵ飬ǲЩˣ
гһݡ
ֳ边Ȼȫ·
Ҷ£ֳ軹ǷʱŹٷӴǹһ˿ڽ֮ǰ˵ĸо
˷ھǹȦЦһɧ˿̼֮ӡ
гȭֳͱˣֻʱִˣ¹ٸոֻһʱð˴ˣ˿ˡ
Լ̨£ԻҲգҲңԴΧɽ
ɽɽнǮǰǴʷΧɽ֮ʱռ֤ݣöҪһù
ةͬʱд󾪡ҲΨξΧˡʱϴ΢΢죬ŵĴʷ
ʷϸ첲ϸȵģȥɽֵطɽ
ƺǿԵӡ
ξֳ԰׵롣ȻгѾֱӴ֪ʷҪ֣
ٹٱֳ
Уұָʷǲ֪ڲѣЦЦʷ˴ӾǧϵҲˣִ׼䣬ӷϴ
˵ţ˸
⣬æЦؾҪֳ裬ȴֳѾվָֻ֮ǰ䣺գ֪һΪεҪôãٽվɽ
ֳ豾ϸеһףʱվٷ΢ŸĸӣȥȻмĵơ
ոǰĽŶʱֹסҶˡ
гתؿֳ衣
ɽɽϵȻֳ©Ҫʱ䣬ȵܹǣֳˡλ߾ʵֹܹԱȫ
ֻҪܹӵ˹ֳڳţ»Ȼᱻѹȥ
Ǹ˻Źֳ衣
г̨ĹԱЦȴͺִˣʵ֪ݴĹٱһֱɽ๤ڵĹٱûô࣬õⲿֹٱԮִܹ֡˲סٷҲ١
Цſֳ裬ȴֳɫȻ˪ҪǷǵýճأ
Ҳû취гЩٱ֪ݴʹȥģ֪ݴ˺ʹͬһƷףҵֱ˾ҲΥ
˵ţֿվϵˣвмεҴ˾죬ֱԽȨƱ֪ݴҲ᲻ϲ֪˽˷УְȨб𣬻ĪҪΪ¹ˡ


39 ˭Ҷɡ39
ʷԼطԱΪ֪ء֪ݲǳͬһϵ, ǰְ, ִһʵȨ
˴ֳȻͻȻ, ֻһ˵Աȼα֪أǺȣҲԵƵ
֪صһ, ˭֪ٱı֪ݵ, ίߵĽڡ
֪غةаЦڿĴʷβ֪ô֪ǰڳࣻξҲüͷ, µĺ¹ԱҪôӦ
Ȼ, ֪صһֳͣüдŲ֪أ⻰˵áǱΪ, Ϊѱ١
, ⲻ¹ٲִ, ʵ³򡣡֪عǫ
ǱٷҪճأֳ
ôͱˣ
ǵô֪ͲС֪ӿϼõ, ʷˣ˾ְб¹治ⷢ
ǣֳЦһ, ȴȻһö
ͨɫܱԽһ׭дʥ֣Ȼһöʥ
ʥǻʵ۴辩칫ղƾ֤лʵ֮⣬ڵ˼ֳִȻһæ׵ͷ
֪֪ͣѵ֪Ƿϵֳٶȵ֪أĪҪٺʲôְ֣֮Ҿ㣬Ƿǲ
гԷʵѹüֳִˣ¹ٲû˵ֻǡ
Ҫ˵ʱѳ٣㣬ûڣȴǰֳ˫üһԭǰط顱һ죬ԭаٽصӾԷһߵ̨ϺȻ
䣡£гǰõ涼һ¡
гҪ˵Ļʱֹסˣ˱µæˣȻû뵽ֳ边Ȼ˾ٶ𾪵ؿǰ浹µӣֿеֳ衣
ڵҲһĿҲ¶𾪡
Ψֳһ򶨣԰׵ɷָег֪أ˷ˣȴѣĪǺɽɽ᣿ȲҲá·ߣ£
ǣֳ·ĵ׾ȣ£ܿӦ
Сֳˡ
ǰֳıֺԼĲһ·һʼΪٸ״ûԼĽӦԷڴãû뵽ֳһոյȻԼãȫһʢηģ
ҡֳʹԼʹȻô֪ԼܹѹסЩˣ
·룬жȴĬ߹ͨñһܿгȥ
гһ㶣û뵽ֳ边ȻᣬҪȴֳߵĻһѿס޷
ֳ裬ʲô˼ƷҲȵھ˵׽þ׽õģһĪе׽ó͢٣˽ȨΥгɫһ䣬̨
ֳ貢гĻֻվۿŶԷֱ·ʵ
صĵһ־Ȼôñ֪غةͬʱһæվִˣ֪ɽᣬʲôɣ
ةӦ͵ǰǰִ֪Ҳû˵ֻȷʵѰ졣
һֳڶ˶Ŀת˵ϣϺظһ˿Цλ֪˵֪عɽĪλҲǣ
վϣӸµؿˣﻹ֮ǰ˽Ϊģ
ةɫһҪٳڷȴֳѾ·ߣҲһ£
㡭ةδ֮ˣҪۣȴ죬ǸֳߵĻȻѾֱҲΰá
һȫû뵽һӲʱ䣬Լõĵһڶ־ȻȫĴʷ׽ãһ໥ӣԿ˴֮ľ
ǰؿĴʷ٣ȴǺµվϣɨˣɻҪ֪˵λվö飬ΧɽģǾǵ֪ء֪Ӫãܹ鲻ֻΪ˵ɣ

˵Ļ˸վг˵顣
ǰ汻ˣȻͷɻ󣬵ҲλĴʷӦ֪ɽ֮ķ
֪ءةڵĪУֻҪĴʷץկկһЩɽͷĿ϶ʵˡ
񿴴ʷļƣɽΧڱС
蹷蹷ֳվɫٷŲ԰Ƥްģ˵ȴͬг̲סƿ
ֳЦһ𻰡һֱ֪غһŴƷٷ˴һ֪߳࿴һֳۣܿ賤ִˣ¹ξ죬Ըһͬǰɽ˷ˡ
ξλ֪֮£ƵطΰĿɨ˼ֻۣվͶʮ£üۿģһȥ书ӡ
㣡гվξ̳
ȴгԼĿضֳ裬Ц¹˾ΰȴɽ֮ңʧְִ˸ҽ۹Ļᣬ¶ʮۣɹ˵ǲ
ξµҲδ̫˵㡣
⿴죬ֻܾá
ۼ״ԥƬ̣һһվ׷ֳһʱ֮䣬֪ءة˾Ȼȫ֮˹⡣
ɫ࣬ûϵתֱ¡ֳͷҲͰˣƽʱһ򲻴˵ξȻֱӶֳͶϣøһƬȫƽմеõôȻûһվ顣
֪شδԹ˴޵ؿֳ裬Ҳڵֳ裬һһƷҲôţ֪ͷ˭ôԼ·
˭ֳ跴ǣȤؿ
֪ؼֳ޾£ҧгݣȴû˵Լ˭ֻЦֳ裬ʵһֱƤҰɣ
˼ǰڼֳǶһ¡ü֪Է뼤ŭԼٴȴȻꡱһ졣
һ㶣ѭȥֻ·վг󣬾ֱš˶Էֹǡ
֪ضʱһҽ
·ǻʵߵˣ˵Ļ
üֻ۽λסͣѺγ
ĽǰĶͷ˾׽áǸξվֳʵʵֳ裬һ·ѺٱӪկ
֪ٱٳ״ֳʥ֣Ҳӣæټٱֳǲ
ٱѸ٣г˵ټ
֪˿ܿ켯ϵɫࡣ
ϵÿ죬ȫ˿ֳһå档
ҪȥɽǴƽȥ
쿴ֳУֿλʷˣȴԷڿ֮ϣɫٷ½Ǵƥ࣬λԭǿӲʱüְסĿڣ͵͵ؿ˼


40 ƻ˭Ҷɡ40
Ĵʷǲ
쿴ֳ裬ȴʷԱ߽·ߵĻǰ, ͵͵غʹʷ˵˼仰òÿĴʷԺһ, ܿü䣬¶һЦݡ
ֳϦȾһ, Цʱ֮ǰɫֵ˵˼䣬ɫ»ָ䵭ԭΪ΢ıֱˡ
ü, û˵ʲô
, ٱϣʷԴǰɽΧɽβжܹйٱˣһ, ڻƻĻִɽ, һҹͻϮɽӪկɽһֲ
Զصɽѵ㳭ٱжȻѸ٣һ, Ͳ鳭˶һƬɽͷ, ĸկ, ץɽһˡ
һ˱ѺУ֪ءة˸һšЩɽϵ, ׷״۵Сۣ
úɽͨһ顪˴δһﾹȻһһЩһʼɽʱô¡
гɫ, ۶һֱֻۣʱֿɽϵرѺη֪ǵҲס
Ȼڶ죬ֳ㿪ʼɽ
ʱڲ࣬йٱţСɽկɽ󣬺ܿ콫Լ֪ȫгЩгɽƽϲɵȡ·ѡ⣬л˽ҹٹٱɽΧһ
˵ηηʱʱؿֳԱվŵİӰ״ǽ·߹ⰲµӡ
ٹٱڴɽµɽйڵɫһ䣬ξҲǵ𾪡
û뵽ɽɽô󵨡Ҫ֪߹ԭ漱ʿ֧ԮսµҪʡ
̲סԿľùϢĳˡ
ɽĿڹֳܿӷ쮵һˣǰΧ˱կ
ۺ͹ٱ˶֪꣬ⱱկ쮵ʱĴ󰸣Ѿݲգٵٱܿڱˮ·ɽկӰȥ
л̻̣ΨΧ˱կ֮սһ룬ȴʷԵĻһ·ȣϰץկɽ
˾µ쮾ȻկС
ٱû̫ĵֿʱͽկɽܻͬʱЩɽй£Ҳ˴ʧľʡ
ܶУٲߣװоʵڱ˽ҿĿؼա
ɽһ˳ƻ
쿴Ŀߣս˫֣΢΢ƫͷƴ˰Ĵʷһ˺ܶ£ƽؿǰЩ
Ĵʷʱҵʧľʣ˵ǴһֳĴʷûоϲҲû⣬ֻ˫ī۾ţ֪Щʲô
ٽȥǽͳȥ顣
կˮ·Ӷ࣬ʲص㴦ˮʮխ޷󴬿ͣùٱֻѧɽһһһشˮ˵ϡӴصޣҹٱⱱկɽһˮ·˾ʵٶʮֻ
Ϊֹ©·ڱկһ߲ʣһ߼͵顣
·ߵְӦþط͢״һ˻صãկɽɽһɱ¼顣
бկɽѺ룬ɽηѾξѰֳ衣
ɼľͷպīд̧֣߽ͷһۣͷˢˢд˼ʣдʵξҺ£
컹ûַд֣㶣ܿʷˣկƻľѾ½ϰڿ̫ⷿСòеľʡ
Ӵȷʵ״šеıʶ˶٣Ǳ⼸񷿣ʱΪֿš
񷿣û뵽ֳȻô飬΢΢һ£ʹأ֮ĵط᲻Σգ
ʵ⣬ǱܵĵطҲס˵ţ̧׿һ۵ƫƧĵطҪø֪ǳ͢ʣ΢ȫһ㡣
ʷ˵˼ѵ˻Ҫʵ⣿쾪
ֻǲ²⡣ɽһȻѾưܾЩǳΡ
ʷΪλΣͣһ£̲סʵ
⵹û뵽ξȻô⣬Ŀɨ죬ԷĿ¶ɻ󣬺ܿЦ׼дֵξɽկ״Ҳ֮ܶУ鷳䡣˵쮽ôʶկУͼʲô
ɽУԼ֪կΧ˹ٱǺ;ǵĴйأ˼ʷ˵ĿȷʵеɽܶȷʵǸĺõطǴ˳ıҪ
ڳıֳڰѾõ·ߡ
ⲢûзֻЦЦɡ
ִ˴Ŀд֣ںڶߣסĶͷ¶͵üۣ¶Цݣ꼻ô˴ɵõִˣ㡣
ңԣеıʲ򻬣̧ͷǰξһۣʲô
ʲôģ
ȴվԼǰִˣ㲻гǵִΧɽΪ󸣡˶٣ظһľú
㶣ôҲûϵϲԼȻġ
⼸죬ǷξڿԼʱֻΪԷֻǿѣûر⣬˭֪˾Ȼ˵ôһ仰
ִڿԼԲλصͷˣԱ㣬Ҵõξ
˵ţȻ뵽ǰԼһ书˳ͨƾᣬżиĸξһְڴ˳ͷشչȴǲ֪֪ͨݣͨɽةάɢգΨһһҵȴڣżЦεӰֻŢгݡ
ıѾԽԽԶδ·Ѿڸǡ
ֱֳ衣
һʼĴʷͱҪᣬҪΪڱг׽ŪѹƣȴµĹԱһ߿õЦĵطⱲȴ顣
ԷֻһĹٳ
սȭĿؿǰֳ衣
ξǫˡܿҡͷЦҲ֪ܰأ̰֮׽ãѾǹһɽ飬ξ͡
ңҲû˵ΰ
ڴˣ춨˶ؿֳһۣȭãͽҵĵְִ˵˼ȥ졣
Сġ
ᣬˡ
ߺ󣬳ŵ͵Ϳ˼ձʽʣµд꣬Ŵīڴڴɡ
ҲڴʱкһӰɹ·оӵķȥ
Ÿ룿
һ㶣ܿԼǼʱ򣬾·߷ŸϿաŸϱ߷򣬿¾ں;ǵĽͨš
ʱŸϷĪǽĻţ


41 ˭Ҷɡ41
·ߴʱɽկչٱ˾ʵٶ, 뻹Ҫܹ, ǽż㣬Ҳ֪ǺݡŲż, ҪҪ֪ͨ·ţ
Уϴ·߼ڼʱȻ·Ӷݣϻ᲻ͼйأ
뵽·߼Լ, ü, ɵֽãת֪ã·оӵķ䡣
ŸѾͣڴ, ͷһûһµŸʳ
ԥһ, ץסӣצϸŵͲ
ͲСͲǺһűİֽ⽫ֽ̯, ֽдС֡
һС֡
뾩, ɽнӦС, ʼ֮ơ
һݣһ, ܿüͷ
ἰɽŶǽ·ߴݵױšԡ뾩⡰롱ָԴ
Դǵ, ƹܾȨҪ뿪ȥĪ볹װѽƣ
͵شбɽٵӹ˵ֱߣӦԽԽԶŶԡԴ˽ӦɽӦ뽫Ҳһͬ˵
Ҫôˣˣ
ֻ֮ǰἰǹɹθٶӿͷĿһ£ڶСֿȥ
ڶСּ֣ûеһôʲݣóһ¡
ԴģȻǺͳйصһ仰
˻ֳؾ
д


ڶдĲǼֳ衣
ݻҪؾǡ
ʲôҪʲô
㶣ʧЦϵЦȴûǰȻܿ콩ϣһһصȥ
з紵Щ䣬ɪһ塣
ʱ·ߺֳľ
ʷˣۼ´ʷ֮æǰ
ң⻺¾еֽ˵ʲôݣ
Ǹӣû˵Լ˭ֻǺ˵ʶǰѡ۵
ʶŵһ٣¶ЦУȥ
Ӧ뿪⽫ֽŽͲڲغã·ǰ
ʱſѾվĸˣһվǰ棬ͷŽ³ͨ͸䣬ȥģӢȸָһһ»һ׷ߣǻ
һڴŲǹӸģ̧ͷ߳ĺɫӰͻȻһϲɫæ⻽裡
վλʮۣڸտſ֮ʱģʱԷǵĺŲ΢΢һ٣ϸֳһ˿󼸲еǰ粽ż˵빫ӣô
ȷʵֳʶǱˣ֮ͬԴĳ뿵
ҿƾ񣬱Ĵɢģ·ɽ뵽ڴ˴Σص㡣뿵ֳĴ磬ٷͦԵʮ־۾ֻôʹһ¡
ܿԼɫųЦŵ㱻⳯͢٣ҶһֱûüϲȶˣҶϲˡ
𣿡ЦЦʲôϲģ빫ӣҶͬ޷һ㣬㲻ô
뿵ˣܿ쳯ųЦ裬Ҷˣεĵطɣ㲻ҹô
䣿
¿뿵Էһڴӣһ£Цð빫ȥʲôط棿
žС뿵
ͷתԸ˿ŵۼ䣬뿵һǰιۣбߵҲǸոΣĵкܶ಻Ϥĵط빫ӿɲҪεòְ
ǰ棬뿵±ӰԺǸص¶һ˿𺣬ܿЦôᣬܹҳҸ˻ء
ԻͷĿ¶һ˿졣
񣬿ȥʱʱĿԼã뿵΢΢һ㶣ܿԱ߻ȡһݸ㣬Խ⿪ߵֳǰ裬Ǿܰĸ㣬ҿǰųԣιصظϵġ
˵ţѩ׵ĸڳǰ
⿴˼ۣ뿵עһ飬ַ£ЩΪѵ빫ˣֻ˺ȣθڲãҽʦٳʳ
뿵ųһһ䣬һ㶣ܿЦҽʦδС㳢һڣ϶ް
л빫⣬һǲ˰ɡܾ
뿵ɫʱ
ֳѾƹǰȥ
뿵ջУֳѾһȥٲԥ͵ؼǰһչֳĲӡ
뿵㡪
ֳȻûԤϵôһУҪ죬뿵ЦһȣѾ׼õĲסֳĿڱǡ
ϴһҩζ
뿵һסֳһ߽ϽԱ»ҲŽס˵Ŀ⡣
ֳʼϢȥܿû
뿵ֲĵסֳڱһᣬֳȷʵûϢɿֳ֣赹ڵϣ˫Ŀա
뿵˿ͷԿյ΢΢̧ͷӰסɢӵ⣬ӱߵķϡ
빫ӣ໹ȥʲô¡Ƿ֮ϣһߵԭȥԸˣѵ빫вԩ𣬾Ȼֵ빫Զ֣
߻վһӣվڷЦǰԸһ޸֮Ĺ٣ɽҵɱ˱ǣ˹֡
뿵㶵ؿֳ毺պһ¶һ˿Цֳ̽ıϢŵ˲ѽ֮ޡλȻոǿǲ֪˵Ĺ֮
ߺЦ벻һƽƽû书֮ˣʲôúµġ
ǰ̫ξԴĳӣ˽Դ£ȻòԷӡߵҲãȻѾ빫ӣʲôʱȥٻʣ
뿵ȴûлشߣֻǶŵϵˣ˵ֳ֮˽⣬һطʬ֫⣬ʬʯι㣬ٵ׼ҡ
һΣ뿵ԲŹֳ衣
һ㶡һĿɨڵϵĺӣ̲ס˿ĭæǡ
վŵĶɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽뿵ִˣֶαЩ˻ҪײУһۡ
뿵Ż˹·ؿλ¼֮ˣλĪҪż߱˵˴ɽҲһ򣬵ʱжλֵĻᡣ
ʲô֣Īǰм֣ӹЦ
׷ǹЦ̫ξΣȻѾʰȫ͵̫ξ˵ĵط
˽̸УѾӿ׼һ˼ֳ裬Ҫװ⣬ոմ˵ϳӣкһפ㣬ȵس
ִˣǰִôˣ
Ϊһ񷿣׼ʣ·֮ʱؿһ±Ӱʮֳ衣ɵö࿴˼ִֻۣ˵ıӰ׺ǡ
Ȼһɵؽ嵶εضǰͺˡ


42 ˭Ҷɡ42
Ĺ·ϼ˿ξͻȻ, ɵһ, һߺ򿴹
ĳѾ£ִ˵ĺ±ӰѾȫڵס, ˵ߡ
սеĵҪᵶǰ鿴ȴͣӿڴȻгһĹӡ
λˣ²ϴˣǹòͷ, Ӣ˹, ŲƣЦֻҵһ, ʲôִˡ
ǺµıӰôִܲˣ
, иӾȻˣǲѳ¶棬ñȷһ¡
ʲĺ±ӰȫǱ˼ŷŽ˵ĻһҲš
컹Ż, ߳뿵иһ˿Ц, ҲѺ, ӦѾڳ˯ˣȷҪ𣿡
١뿵, ǰ鿴ظоһѹ֮һ, Ŀֻ֮ڹӸվӴεӰͶڵϣĺɫͶӰӰ泯ķڵλá
ڰԼ
˲ӦϢԼϣϢߵÿֲ󱳲ԾƬ亹
ܿʶֻҪڻشһǡ֣˴㽫Ѫߵĳ档
Щ书ǿѵִ˵Ĵˣ
̧ٿ뿵ЦݾȻ䳰֮⡣
ִ˾ڳδ֪νˣ
ûټ˵ֻᵶ뿵ֵ
ˣ
Ҳʱ·һͷڽ졣
뿵һͬתߣֻԴҴһۣĿڽѰ챳ӰʱһѾ첽߹
ˣԭ۱߱ߵִ㣬˵һá
ᵶֶ˶٣תܹۡ
ûпǽֵؿŵġ
ִô˵ü
ǡܵԱߣҲֳ΢գ΢΢£ܿ츽˵˼䡣
˵üͷ
ִ
ŵּɿ뿵ĵڴ
ԭһĬһԼҿˣ֪ʿ
뿵ߵѵ˾ͲܽСسǣ
вм֮⣬Զ΢ȴû˵ʲôֻǵ˾䡰߶šת뿪
ߵÿ죬һʧ·ľͷתǴתǰ컹̲סؿ
뿵Ѿ˵
սȭͷ
һֳӰʧĵط²ͣṦǰá
·ϵ˼ͻ⣬ԭפȺɢ»ָյ
뿵ʩʩȻ·ں׷ߺӵĻ뿪ӿڣȺ
ֳۼʻһ·г
س⽼вþɽ룬һһ˺ܿ뿵ԣҵһֳ̧
ֳӣƫݣغᣬʮɣ˺ܿ콫ᵽ˺Ϫ̲ϡ
뿵ԣ˽ȥҪֳ֫⡣԰ĺȴڷֳ֮΢΢ü̽ǰӵĿڡ
ûִ̽ȵůϢӺ˾жϡ
Ѱ½ոհֳ衰ʬ塱ʱеֳƤ¶ȸߵúˣӡ
ôһ˵ԱվŵݸߺҲֳ̽Ȼ΢
δûɱˣֳ赱ʱֻǱյñѡݸߺĿֳͣϡ
ʱֳڵ۾Ƥ𪣬ϸµñŮ˻ҪƯȥ޺͸żֲĽ
ݺ̲ס˿ĭ
ô죿չ˵ɱһΣӺʵ
뿵˵֫⣬Ҫֳȫʬֳ趼ҪȻǰҵĹжϴҲֻǶˡ
ӺţȴͬҡͷҸ빫ô꣬ԽԽ׹ôˡ
ʲô˼˷һ㶣ʵ
ݺ˻ǿֳ̲סڶԷɢҵ·㿴ֳΣ¥ͷƵĶ֪Ҫǿ϶٣˼ֱҪǱѹ£϶һζҲ͹ӱҪɱˡ
һ˵ù죬һԱߵͬ㡢㡢㾹ȻҲ֮񱣿
Ǻǣûǲ֪ζݺ˵
ͬĻֳ裬ǰ뿵ʱֳֻ迿̫ξ֮⣬ٿֳ贩һٷڵϣ˿ɢңüȷǱͨŮҪÿܶ࣬ټź֮ǰ˹ޣҵþһ˿롣
뵽˴һȫû뵽ԼҲ뷨æǡҪ
ôƯģô׷̫ϧˡ˺ٺЦ֮ǰӸҲ֪¡
Ÿݺ˵һʱ䲻֪𣬺һŵǡҪǹ׷
ģ鲻˶ã֮ұݺ˵

ҪҪһݺʵ
˿ֳһĭݺһȲӣǽܲãҡͷ㡢ˣ㻹ǿ㣬ҸѸ硣
˵ŻͷԺоȻֳ԰׵գһæӿ첽뿪Ϫߡ
ݺ˼ȥһֻ˹ªšܿټڵϺ޶ֳ裬ԷĻһ·ӡ½֮£Ȳؽ⿪Լȥֳ·
Ķææֵ֮︡ǰֳһЦڽϵĹӰȥԷСȴȻһʹ·鵽ʲô
һ㶣ʶصͷԼĸȥֻ֪ʱһľذ׾Ȼǰ
ذйľƣ˱޳סǺɫ䣬Ȼǡ
Ŀ˳ذ׵ֱۻƣֳ費֪ʱѾ۾Цſ
Ǹûбϵáֳ

ݺȻһ
ֳûҲûбΣȻŵģ
㡢㡭ݺȫû뵽ֳʱѹͫ׼вסԼҪľذףһ˿ɫ̽־ȡߵ嵶Ҫֳؿȥ
ȴֳƽù죬סľذ׵ָɿ
顪嵶£ľذֳֶεصڵֳ֮䡣
ذڿеġ
ݺ˼˹쳡ϴ󺧡æˣȴѾˡ
ľذ׻գ۵һйݺ˵Ĳӡ
Ѫӿݺ˵Ȼ¡
ӵãʱڿһ󣬿Ÿݺ׷ʬ壬ܿȥԼϵĹٷ
æ߽ߵ


43 ³˭Ҷɡ43
ˮ棬һ, , ֣, һϨ𣬺ܿ챻ԱߵĻڸǡ
ɫٷ֧վߵʬ崦ذ¶Էĺ׵Լ, ߵӱ, ȻˮӰһͱĸݺ̧ĿԼ໥ӡ
ʱֳѾƵķɫڸǣϵͳ칤, 뿵ߺ˵ģ
ݳɹ, ⻺غһ
ǰ뿵֮ʱ֪ԷǳžġɽʼǽԴҪʣȻ뿵Ҳ㿴ԴһҪôߡ
뿵ƺֳ踴Ӱ, ֳͲ˶ĸ, ҩ, 뾡취ҪŪԼ״нѿǡ
¼ƻʱҲ, ڳ뿪֮ǰԸѰξȥȡԼţҲ뿵֣û䵱潻档
ص, ֳдǷݹɽʱһ鵱԰ȫ͵
⿴ź浹ӳԼģȡֳķͷŪɺ˵ķ١
ں߰һ磬ͬٳûг֣ЩڣͷȥѰֳݺˣȴȻӱ߲ݴﴫ죬ѾӺӰ˹
ȥֻ߸˳ԼҰӦǸո£ɿ壬Ҳ֪ŸʲôԼ
ˣ˺ٺЦ
šӦ
˻ǵһμԱߵ֮ģֳıģʶԷоΣĿȴȻ鵽ŵĶɫʱ䣬æ˼
㡢㡭ʲôŵһںĶԷ߽ˣſһѪ۵ͷͷɢĶ֮ǰֳķ
ֳͷ̧̧
æһ𾪵ؿźӣֱӰɱˣ
ոֳѹұһˡ˵ܹҪ
˿ԼͬϤףֿԷŵͷЩ𣬵ǿסĵֳأ
ˡ˶˶ٵӲǰ֫ι㣬ұˡ

ǰһ̻ˣȻûˣ
ԭֻǺڣֻʣ𾪣һʱ֮ҲûԼͬɫ仯
Ҷ࿴ǡֳ衱ͷ­æȡװˡѾɣ㲻ٳයٶȥ뿵˻͡
ȡݺ˵Ҵ·ðмʻֻԭϵѪǶԸֳʱմȾϵģҲû⣬ųһ·е档
棬ɽկˮ·ͨسǵķ򡣵֮ͣ󣬳ԭȵĺɿڴȻżٱʬ塣ĸٱ·߰ŽӦװشӱկͳľӵġʱѾۻһ࣬ԱߺȻվŲٺĺˣװ羹ﳡΧ֮ʱĺһģһ
Ⱥ˵лվһһŮˣŰ£ִһȣҡȱŮź£ִһɡ࣬߳ش˸Ƿü๫ūҵȵú÷빫ӺĪϡȥ˳ôãʱܳ
ⲻ˼״׹ӡӣҼҹԼҵڴ˴棬Ӧϵˡ
Լڴ˴ѵҪϴһΧ˱կٱ
һȴӺһҲ֪빫ôģĪǽ¼ǰɱԽ黹ҺͰ๫˳֣˷빫ӴңѾˡ
˵ţ֡ԣȴٽӻֻǣͬ飬˵䰲ЩȴԷֻվţûдæ˼
˲ɵգô䣬ȴԶ¡¡춯æѭȥԶسǵķаΪ׵ϣǼ뿵
뿵ʱϣ΢Цݡаɿں࣬һк׷лͣһһͬСϱųꪣꪺһһۿȥȻ÷졣
Ӳһеɿڣ뿵٣̲סǰֵ빫ӣūҺõȡ
뿵ֳ裬˷ϲ¾ˬŮֻ֣ЦȥãϼֻС󣬵һʱ
ŶϾȻĸգ۵ģ빫ӣЦ
뿵ЦԱǸصС٣˲ʮб㸺ߡ
˵Ǳųꪵӣ˴˶ٵҲǻӻǲɢۣص빫ɱǴʷʱ㱻ǴôʲôҪĶ
޷ʲôأղʥ֣ʲôˡ뿵ЦЦ⿴ˣֳԴأ

ܿȥȡͷȫѪ۵ͷø뿵
뿵ϲøɾʱŻæסӣӿƼմѪ۵ĺڷֳǰͷϴŵķΣڻ˻ú۽ͷȥ
תӻسϡȴӺȻʵףꪣŵʲô
Ӷ˵֮ǰӡӹЦȡŵĲ״ȥãҵû뵽ⷬջǴʷ磬û뵽ﻹı
ƺһֱû˵İ׹ҲΧ
ȻҲ˵᲻ɴݣɱУ࣬ǲɶõ˼ҵıһͷû뵽ȻԼײǵȫѹ򡣡ꪵ
ôһ˵ʹİ׹ӡĿⶼ¶֮ɫڽ¼ʮǵôҪǣǰʮĵλ˰ɡ
¼ȫԵǿ󡣡ꪹһЦ⻹ҪлĪϽҡ
ᵽĪϣһֱûзĺ׷ЦϷ¼ǰ壬㲻ٶЩҶԲõţȥǡ
Ī˵ʵᣬߣĪֻǱЦЦ
׹ӺͺջĿ⡣
ĸ˵Ľ̸䣬ջĿ⿴˾ʵĺˡֻЩ˽Ӵж£̧ɿڵĴϷźá
Ϊկˮ·ѣ˳Ĳ࣬һֱھʲصЩŹ֣ʱ뿵ľկˮ·ˣ
կ䲻㣬Ϊ뿵ѡȽʴ½ͳȥ
ѵ
Ŀⴥˮ棬дһ֮ǰԵ뷨֡
Ҳڴʱ뿵Ѿվڰ񶨣򰫸˷Ը˽ֻ°ӣ˽ܶڣ˽Ӧ


44 ·ͨ˭Ҷɡ44
ɽθӣԹٵٹٱ뱱կ, Ϊկܶ
бһ³ͨ, ѾԤʾɽ֮ˮϵܶҲһΪ֪İɽͨ, ²һֱʴկеԭ
ɽפֵܹ꣬°Ӳֻ֡Դ׵ʱûаָܿɽ֪۽·ɽЩկСආҲ޷ṩԵ°鱨
Ĭһ, ӿ΢ĸоһʼýɱɱ̫, սĳǸӦýסʲŶԡ
쮿ȥǽϵǰ, ˼㲻ɱ, ҲΪû鲻ͣһʱҲ϶¶¹Դ˻ôҪĴ¡
ֻܶĵ°ӣδ뾩ߡĪȥģ
뿵˴ι, ȻнȫߵĴ㡣Ը갫˺, Եһҿɶʮ˵Ĵֻ, ǰƶ棬կ
׹ӡӡĪϡꪵ˷׷ϴ뿵, ٺźԵǴһ飬ƺƵɽˮ·
ɽ, ɽһϸꡣ
߸˱βڴ棬ܿ쿴ʵĴֻ뿵ֿһСǰܶʻ쮵Ӫկ
ǰӪկڷŴľʣ·ߺĹٱӦҲǰ档
ڴͷ뿵һᣬְס˵嵶ǰ֮ʱ´ֻȴӭתһɽڣһɽʪٸһɺֱֽţÿ£ӻ˻Σ̲סֵ˼
һյ䣬ֻǰʮɡ
ǰկӣҲڴʱҲ֪˭̧ԶֻԶӪկѾ¶Զկų¶Ŀյغ¥ǿյɢżֻӣǱ㶪ڵصӡ
ڱڵĹٱнˣЩ˱·ߵ;ʣʱıկһˡ
˼΢ʱɿеĵ
ǰ洬ӵĺѾִﰶϣ뿵´½кǰ򿪿յϵӣ˲Ŀ׺뿵ͷ
뿵ʺ΢ЦԱߵĺֵ빫ӣ˵ⱱկиֺͺܶٱôһӰûţūҺʧ
һһūң׹ӻﵹȥѵЩٱ˶ڶɿڣ˶֪У롣
ٱǵطٱжѵޣָʲô
뿵ЦЦʰϵӣһ쮲ʵܶ£ꪵ뿵ҲǵһμȻɵľòΪ׵ĪϿûаʣּⱱկɽ羰󣬺ǺЦ벻ɽ֮ѹҪڴ˴Ϊܡ
ͽߣ˴ٲһڣⰵӵ֮ãǼҸŵǾƲὫò֪ˡ뿵ֻϧϵˣ֡
ᵽٲ˽ԲɵνġڡȥֻǷˮ֮£̶ˮɲ⣬뿵˭뵽˴ͨ°ӵĵط
̫ξ۲ΰԣģ˲ĽؾһСС͡ĪϵϷ򵹾̫ξ֮ƣϵΪǳС
ҸڶòֻҪ˶ǱλǽջͺʣҸػŵؽл뿵
ĪԹЦؽˣϷһѹͷֻ֪Կ䣬̫ξزᷴڡ
ᵽԿס֣кһ˿̰׹ӺͺҲһۣȻĸȤ
ں֪⽭¼ᵽġԿסʲô⣬뿵ؿկӪկºٲٲͽĵطʱ֮ʱΪٲȻһ羰˼ȴô뿪棬ֱ뿵˵֪滹Ǭ
ѡĲӵص¶ڰڴֻԴʱǿеġǡΪԴӶʱ
Դ뿪ǣȻϲ⡣
뿵ЦЦӦĪϼ䣬ԱѾк˿ʼǰܶӡ
ʱǶֵĺʱ
Ҳʱ۽ǺزһӰӹէ𼸵Ϊɲ⡣
ǰӵļһǰڵϣɵɵ֮۾Բ˫֮ûһɫ⣬ܿѪϸСв
һʷͻȻ뿵Աߵʬһ£ǻꪡڰͨɫͬʱһ䣬Ȼѣȿڵã͵Ϯ
˵ڣ˵ȥ״ǰһһޣǱüĺ
뾹ȻϢԲ
ꪴ󺧣̲סһڰͨҲ¶ɫԼѾʵ˭ڰǽ֣βһ𣿣
˵ʱּߵˣԭԷγֱ仺תǰȴһȻ֮䡣
Ӿû뵽ԷһԱ֣ʱѱ޿ɱܣȴȻһ˫ݹ᾵˹һ󣬾ֱ𼴽ͷ롣
һַ뻯æ˿ȥֻ¼ĺ׷Ѿùǰϸϸ꣬Цһ
ҵ˭ɱϢַԭ㡪·ͨ
һ·ͨ
ꪡӡ׹ɫͬʱ󾪡ǰ·ͨһҹ¾ɽׯ¼λãɱڰֺͨڵﻹҪʢʮǾȻڴ˴ɱ
ɡ·ͨǴѾںɽþ
û뵽ɱʱسꪵ¶һ˿⣬뿵̲סһæԱߵĺ׷ߵĪϣ¾ǽ߹а취Ը
ĪϹһЦһ·ͨǿˣ
˵ţĿӥӰȴûֱӳ֣ǿкȻƮһζûϸǰ֮طһ졣
䡪кȻըһŻ棬һŨŨڰзԭڿеİӰ⧲䱻ըϮûüã°ڱ֡
·ͨȻը˼棬ĺˣסƽ⣬¶һ˫ϸµۡ
ˣڰͨм״лһϸ˲·ͨȥ
·ͨҶֵȴּһֳֳԼǳǹͷֱţòٵ
Ҷ볤֣ڰͨеֻǿƲܹӵ׹ӵȴѾСȣһ
·ͨʧȥƽ⣬浹أȴ־ꪴ£
꪿·ͨѹƣһ˿˷ܣҪ֪һڽ¼ǵλãֻҪɱ˴ˣ㲻ȡ֮ǰǰһϣ
¼ǰʮʮ⣬֮
ڣֻҪǰʮǽλ̫ξĹĽǮ붼ͬն
е⣬Ҫǰ·ͨȴߺзӹһᣬԭŵȻû˷һۿʱȴоԼŴһŰɫ˹
һ㶣Ҫʱһ첻Էٶȡ
顪ֱһϡ
ѹƵ·ֻͨꪵԴĹӱŲһɿУִӿ£ڵϼתûϢ
ǰһӰǰ
Ӱеݣȥߴ󣬵ʱȴǰ硣
Űɫŵߣģʮֵ졣
㣿·ͨʧ


45 һ·׷ɱ˭Ҷɡ45
ûдߵֻһˣܹʹó, Ҳֻһˡ
·ͨǰ, ȴ΢΢ͷڷ¶ϤĶ԰׵, ˽صһפ
ߣǰطһٻͷ
·ߣ
··ͨƺʹûɢĶ޺ޡ


ռѾߣΪνֻɽկ棿
Ҽϵ·, Ȼ뿵µװ磿
·ͨ㶵ͬʱ, ӡ׹Ҳͬʱ󾪡
˭û뵽¼ʮĻꪸһ㱻ֱӻУҪ֪ڽҲǺպ, ȻûеԶ, ȴҲһһĽ֣ǾȻͿʬԶȻ׾ٵؽˣ
˭
ڳĿ׷׵ؿͻȻֵˣֻ˴翴ȥ뿵µ˵, ɫ԰, üһŨīб, üһ˫۾ǿ
ò˹Ŀͣ뿵ʿƺûг, ҴһꪣʵСǽ¼ǰʮ
ڰͨڽ¼ʮ, ׹ж¶һ˿⣬ҪջȴԷһŲڵϸ޷ջء
뿵Ҳɫһ䣬´ųͻȻֵˡ
º֣֪·ˣڳΨĪϻ򶨣Ŀ棬ʵ
·գ֪ԼѾס԰лɼٳ־·ߣʱһڰ׹ӵһӵ˭վ棬ǲһ·ˡ
˵һ㶼·㶣̧ۿżͦıӰ϶ȴżԼȡʱ䣬ɿؽ⿪ϱ
Īɫʱǰ˴ҵ·ѾǱ뿵¶ʱʱɱһ·ͨͬΪһˡ
һ¾ס¼ˣʵС
ˣ²öԸ
ããã׷Цáֶȴǰ
һζٶڿѹ
ζѾŵһΣüͷ˲һһѺԥץߣץ·ߵļṦã˲ӵڿն
䡪Ҳڼص˲䣬һըڵϺȻըǿĳըɣϯܣ˹ж˳
ǳ֮ǰ׷߶·֣߳ʱӦܣ´ʱҪͷĵ
ˣ·ڰգҲоըӱϮͬһ̡
˿¾ǽ¼ġĪ쿡ʹûʮ˵ãڣ֪ܱκ·߼״æڼߵ
Ī쿱ǽ¼Ѿõĸ֣ԭѾ񣬶ʮǰżһ֮󣬾ԹĻ·һǰλá
·ߴǰ֪ԴĪĹ֣һС˶Էĵըᡣ
һȴζŨٶڿб仯·һܡ
䡪һըϴθ죬漰ķΧ㡣
ըನ·ˣ˳ƺˣ˵;ȴȻһ˿ƺߣɫ˲øɷסǿһȴزһһֻѾס
Īϣ㣡ӡ׹ͬʱ֣εסߡ
߱סڿеζʱͣ͡
бըĿֲѹڿ
ٲɣʱ
䡪ٶըŨ̻⣬˲û·ߵӰ
һأ˱Īϵըţ
๫ӴϲͰ׹һսȴŨ̹еϸһ㶣ûüӦһǰüһʹʲôС
죬˵ʲôȴ浹أԲ۾ͫ󣬵
Ũ̴һӰӿԾ£ֳҶվȽŲᵶӣԸЩˡ
·ͨȻûٴըˣ
¼ʣµһˣĪϡ׹ɫͬʱ䣬ȴɢɱĺ¸һǧȻˡ˼һ֦ϣֻһֻסĿλõ͵Ϳ˼üһ̧ϵɨ
׹Ӵ󺧣æ˼ʿ֮С
ʿΣ׷ȡȴûȺһֵ߰˸ˡ
뿵ոһͣ£л̻̣æͣˣ˱ߵ죬˳ȥĪϣɱˣ
ٸʿ뿵æΧˡҲڴʱɽ֮Ϻشһź죬ԭɽͷֽٸٱӰ֮һҡ£̼䣬ССʯϹ£ٺʿ
Щٱûг뱱կ֮ϣ
޴ʯ׹䣬䷢չ뿵ʿǻ˲١
䡪Ī쿼״ٶȳ֣ڿǿĻʯըΪʯ촷ۣһ߰ըͷǲٱȴȻһЦǺġ
ըҩģĶңվŵļֳڿգɿɱ
õǧţ㲻Ҳˣ
Ī쿲òٶӦʹܣ˭֪Ǻһ㶼ãֱӴӱը̶ͷϵͷ
ŷĺХ
Īͫ׾ºޱһʮֹ˫֮ϣǧײ
䣡һըܻɺӰ
ĪӲӼһѪӿˣ˫־Ҳֱʮಽȵʲôֹסྡྷ˿ͷһȴԼȵĶһֻ֣ץŰȣȻûüջصǰ׹ӵ֡
׹ӵѾѹһʯ֮£Ȼ޾ȡ
ĪϡĪϣԶڲ϶ܴͷ׹ʯ飬ȡ
Ī뿵ȥֻæոԼƵĵطֻҡҷ˼£һӰڻٶһ½Ǳ˰ƬȻǺˣķ
˵ʲôħ
Īٽ꣬ûмǰһĹ
Ҫô𶼲µˣԼ֮ϵ֪ܡݱ𲰲֮Ӧ
ôһڣ˴ȥ
Ī쿼ƽˣȴҲɣһתԶʯ뿵ӵ졣
ߣһ±ߵٲһԾ£
ٲȻ죬̶ߣĪ쿺뿵һͷˮУֻˮðˮݣ㲻Ӱ
Īһ·ܣܿ׷ɱٲ¡ٲ̶ˮ⿴ۣһԾ£̶ˮС
ٲ̶֮ˮˮѰһ󣬱Ī쿴뿵ʧһڶڣɣ׷ϣβŸڡ
ڴ̶ˮ©ɳʯһб¡£һȻγɵľ޴ܶܶкڶڶγ¡¡졣
ˮϣһСӦ뿵µһżܶľʣոԾµԼҹӺͺ׷ߣԲɵһ㶡
ĪȴôĿ⣬뿵ӦĴϣؿһ۶ڣֻ׷󺧣æ⿪ͣ©ֺһơ
©ڶֵĪ͵ϮƾĪһ֮󣬾Ȼ뿵ƾ֮Ŵ˳ŰƮʮɡ
һݣӶԾ봬У׷һɫȴŶһ䣬ٶȱɷףæ־סĿ½ҧһ
ӣʱ©ڴһ׷Ծ£ͷֳڴܣ´󺧣æŵܱߵļʺˣǰŵĴֻ
ȻûѾվ
ʲص㻹ʹ˵һεڣ뿵ͣȥ׷˺˳ȥľʣɨβһһߵ
ô֪ʵ飿
֪ľȻ࣡
·һæ򼧳ȴֻһӰ·ȫʪʪĺڷں󱳡ࡢղ࣬ǲ԰׵ƤγĶԱȡ
㡭·߻˵ʲôȴѾһбĳ˽µСѾ˳Ʈ밵֮УϺˮһ˳£ܿʧҰ


46 һ˵˭Ҷɡ46
°ӵĳڻһҰϺӣʱֵɽѴ, бɽȶ, ļ, ں˳ˮ£һձгǧ֮Զ
Ī쿴뿵һɽ˴ߣ֮ɽĺɱ֪ͣ´һ, ϷǺ˴׷, ŵæŴһһҹ
ĪѾǳڴӦ̫ξɽӦ뿵˽񣬱̫ξе֪вԿ, ˭뵽·ôһɷɷĻҲǿ, ˼ʮѧڴǰֱѹģûзĻᡣ
һ·ϣһ·һӶݣȴ޷˦ԷĲࡣ·мѾ˳ľǣס, ѾԷ׷ϡ
Ҫ, ĪĪһ·˽¼ʮ˵, ޷¼жԺ
ûεˣɱԼ, ܻܿὫȡ֮
뵽˴Ī쿸ӲöԷ׷ϣֻȫ뿵, ;мۣϴŵĻȻҲõ˴ϣĵóס
뿵ûûҹر˽졣ûϰ֮ǿûͣЪƣڱʱѾǰ󱳣˻ͷһֱͷҲɢҲ
Ҳû뵽ɽ֮лݱĽ׹Ӷĸ¼ϸ˵û˻أҵİʿҲ˵ˣȫɽ档
ĸԭ򣬾׷ˣ
ɽ֮лʵɹֻ·ͨһ֣ϵƺĪϵʵ˸ܡ
˵˭ΪλĺȺУ
빫ӣǷй϶׷᣿ߣĪ쿼˴ںϱӱߵ
˸ʶôйڣ뿵ܿϵ˵꣬ȴ뵽˴θɽʿյ㣬ǵôһס
ѵɽ֮󣬻µģ
˭
뿵ĻĪ۹һ˿ݡ
뿵Ѿ͸׷ϵļֽܿźĪϣˮ·Ҹ׶µ·ӡҸѾӾ뿪ҽҸܽ׽ã
Դ뾩ǰǣǽҲȥģг̣ܸ̫ξİæ
ĪйâһҪٽи·ؿӾͷһС˶ͷһ˺ǱԹ裬פǧһ̤ڴͷĿ뿵λá
׷ˣ
Ī쿴󺧣ĴֻԽԽæӳһƬ
һ׼ĲǼмµĴֻ
ǣܣҲӳ֮ʱں棬һ߻
䡢䡢䡪ϻըĳ徢ˮɶߵˮ뿪Ĵֻǿġбը÷顣
ˮĽУȴˮǧɽ֮ƣĪڵĴֻ
Īͫ׼ĹٵԺ䣬ץס뿵ʹṦƴӰȥ
뿵Ī쿵죬һ̧ۣ㿴ԼڵСһǿ飬ԭȥĺǺӳϯ֮氼ݣžէ㳤ʮ֮Զ
Ŀɿڴðʹһĭȴӿ£ںľϣסĿڴ˼ķ򿴹
ĪϣܣܣҪ׷ˣ뿵һŵûɢæе
Ī쿲òӿṦٶУ֮󣬶һ׷ķкХ
ˣ뿵ֽе
ĪֻٶܣƴȫһѾԭͣλ£һʱݹѣҳһһɶĴӡ
⡢˵
Īֻһ۾;зæߺ֣ͣͣλѣҲˣˣ
˺üͣ֡߿
Īֻ´ʱ˵Ҳûлᣬæλ˴Ϸɽ֮ʱԴͣ㱾޶ԹɽˣûҪԴץ뿵Ϸ˽Σ
Īϣ㾹Ȼ뿵һ㶣û뵽Ī쿾Ȼڴʱ˳ʱ־ŭ
Īûд뿵һѽ˹ȥлȴѾų
뿵ڵϹ˹ڹЬǰʱǱƿڴտȴôһɱԼߣһֱӲһֶ
㲻˵Щ𣿡ȴ뿵ؿڵ
㡭Īװȣɫһ䣬Ŀȴһݣ˫ƻӳҪ׼õĻ
ǧȴѾˡ
Ī쿲ҽһ˶ʱ֮Զڵû˶
뿵Ī쿷ԶֻôһƬհס̶ʱ䣬˳ᢣ־ڱصã˭֪ɽƱãһϦ֮ܿܣȻýء
۾Ѿٶȱֱһ·ȥֱĿİĻżʯӣųʹƴ
ܿҲĪһƺزʶΪξҪҲţǻҳӣܸʲôҲܸ㣬ֻҪңұؽŴ
Ų˶٣˼
뿵ΪϷæֵǾʿɣҵλ磬ͽҼ֮ʤֻҪԸ⣬һὫΪϵſͣʱٻܲ
û˵ǽһ·С
ǰһɽĽŲŻ
뿵лȥɫλڼĽ£һ̧ͷ㿴һλεС
㶣ƺϤūݱ־
ǰĺǰ·Լʿ֮еģѵ
뿵ڿϵ֣۾
ϵ֣дǡɽ
ɽһֱūۣɽʱһֱԼߣū뿪ȥֳʬ塭
뿵Ȼֵ̿ƴ
Ѿͷ뿵ӣõֻϧɽ֧ԮľʣĹٱ֤Ӳˡ
뿵ĻȴͬԵħ㡢ֳ裡
ɽһǽֳʱ򱻵ġʱֳ׼ģɽģ
ֳֻҪڣʲô鶼ᷢ
û˵ɽУЩء
ɽʯѪҺ䡣
һֳ衣뿵૵˵ѾɱˣΪʲôһֱšһһһݳģԡԣݣܱɽӣҲֻôߵ书ɱġ
˵ţԽԽԼƲ۾ѪںݺݵؿųΪʲôΪʲôҪٰ
ͷ뿵һۣЦ
һǲ֪ҹֳɱʬͲСΪƣڱ
ÿһ˶Լԭ켣
ֻԭֳ裬ǼӦ
оĿڶʹ͵ؿ˼һѪ֮ӿæץֱסڣӦһ󣬺ز¡¡죬Աɽ޾ɢ׷Ĵߡ
ɽ·ƺˡ
뿵Ŀкһ˿ϣæɽ·ǰЦֳ裬ˣҸˣ
䣬Ѿ˺°ڲϣһѶС
뿵ȴһѽǯƣɽ·ȥһɽ·ƽϣкѹѹһƬͷ֣һ˱ﻤͣףŸͷ֮ǰﳡΧԼԴ


47 ؼ˭Ҷɡ47
̤棬ɽ·ϲ, ·泾, ģ˳ߡ
˻Σȴ, һߵӡһ뿵һվɽ·м䡣
뿵޷˵ֻ, ƴؿǰĸס
Դ뿪һ·, ֮˶ǴӾǴľ֡аΪͷǬڹٵ·迨أС·ǽ, Դļƻ, ·ɽʵĵ³ӽɽ·Ǿܽӵϵľʣٻ˴, ӭ, ˳ִﶫĳС
ԴΧһ䱻˱󲿷ֱȨ, еǣƽıҾʱһñԪ, ý齹ͷö꾭ӪֻҪ˳붫, ԻһƬһȨͽͥԿ
һ·δӣ˳˳£ʱɽֿռţԴΪܿܺ뿵ľʻϣе;ȴ˳ɽ·м䡣
󲿶ӽ˾ȻҲá
˭˴󵨣ҶԴ·
󵨣Ǻǰ·ԱҲˣǰ·£̺ȵ
Դпȥʱ˲ʮɵľ룬Դȴһ˷죬࿴˼ۣŷһ˾ȻĶ뿵
뿵ȫŢͷ棬ƽʱ븮ӵģǰЩȥɽľʣô
Դæ
ƥɽͣ£һſ˦β㡣ϻҲвϳ·ϵһ븮뿵׷״󾪣뿵һţܿγС
뿵ںŤȴʼ޷ѡ
һ˭ô£ԴԼҵĶӣŽ뿵вΪʵĺꡣ
ɫɷףҲķ
ƽ޲ԴԱߵӻѾ̲ס
ǰĻʶÿ·
ˣſ빫ӣ
Һ̫ξԣ

ԴҲź꣬ЦǰСӣ·ϣĪҪЮң
ҪЮ̫ξֻǽ̫ξ˵˴Ȼ˼
ˣʲôͷ
üȴͷƿһ󣬺̧ͷԴЦ̫ξǰߣȹء
ԴɫȻ
һ˾͸·ϣΪԼݺ
ĻҲ䵽ڳ˶ɫҲһ䡣Դߺܿǰ̫ξ˿ҵȥ빫ӡ
˷ֱǽ¼Ͷ븮ĵʮġʮ֣ԴĬ
ּ״ϲĵʱԴǰĻᣬ׷Уһһڿնһ˫䵶϶Ϊһɵһͷ­ϮȥһṦԾ䳤޶׼뿵ֱ۳ȥ
Ϯ곷ס䵶ɵȴһʹ޵ĸִϲһ޾뿵͵سؼӪ
Ѿˣʹ䵶˺ܿ췢˺˵ʱԭվ֮ȻѪŽ䵶û˵꣬˺֮ܿǰܵģ
ǣ˻ţɣʹ޵һһϲǰƽ˺ꡣ
ÿ죬Ӹ죬ٶȥȴһ˲䵲סϮıӣϣ͵һӲشӶԷг¡
ʹ޵ڰգֵͬʱ౻ǣˤȥһûϵԷ˾ȻҪסΣȴйŲͷ¡
ѪҺĽ


¼ϵʮĸ־һоͽˣ
ʹ䵶֮˽ӻط۾ϵʬ壬ֿǺꡣ
ʱļмɺѪҺȴûй˼˿߿ʬ壬Դķ
˵ʲôˣ
Ȼص뿵æȡסԼ͵ƲףãĪϾϣ죡죡Ƕһϣ
Ī쿾ȻҲ˴ˣ
Դд
ʹ䵶֮Ҳɫ䣬̲סһȴĺ˼κһȻѾ嵽ǰֳֳص
ʹ䵶֮˾Уûûں
ۼڶ¼ûˣԴд󺧣ʱ״󣡡
ĺʿѵصЯϻӣһšͷ׼ǰĺꡣ
żǰɱתԴ
ֻͷ˲뷢ϻӻµһ֦װϣķȥ
ﳡΧֳĺϻһģһӨӨ̹⣬жؽ㣬մ֮
۾šģģһΪΪģѾȫĹ켣գ۾ȴǳľذףһС
ľذ˿С
ġӭذڳ࣬򿪰ťһһ΢΢ΪһӰڳǰݺύһ
ľͷײϵطľذ׵µġе׹ڵ棬еذɣԴȺзȥ
ذ׾Ȼ˵еһɣ
˼״׷״󺧣ûǷӦһذ׷ġѾȺ
ԴڵȺ˲ʿ£еĴˤ£емϣе˼ƥ鴤˼±ûϢ
ƥͬʱɢ˻ʼߡ
ԴĶ̴ҡ
Դݺٳɳʮ꣬ȴûȳ棬ûмаѻеذףзضšվĺ꣬ȴһһķٶذԷ֣ͬĶħ
ҲڴʱԴһҽСޱϤһ㤣æԴȥȴһƥƥһͷ˵ĸ
Դ
סףң뿵ڵԴȴֱһƥɢƥ̤
һαеĵطؿڡ
뿵鴤˼£ýֱ
ԴĿѣǰȴǺѾɱ뿵ɵλá
䣬ǰһʿŵ
̫ξߣʣµʿͽæסԴȥ
ԴһţٿԼĶӣڸֵĻת񱼡
뿵۾ԴԶȥӰһ̱ûϢ
ͷģģƳ뿵Ŀ״Ժкֳʱ۾ʵģʱ
ɱ𣬳üһɨΪԴϺʿٶתϢǿһṦɽ·ʧԴ׷ȥ
һ·Хһ·ɨϰ
ֳַŵһصʿһΣסˣһΣһѪӿ³
֮ѾһƬճⲻÿҲ֪ʲô
Ϊֳܵһֱδ˿ڷ׼㱻·߰ͷҽҲһֱδˣձѾԼʹ˱һ֡
Դǰ档
ĨȥѪٶǰӡɽ·Աַɿ쵹ˣǰ·ģһڿǰһСһףƴܡ
Դȵ
*
ɽֺܿ찲
ʱտʼ£Ⱦ죬׵ɽֱȾһԣɫ໥ӳա
ɽ֮£һɳʯ·һ·߰˾ʬ壬е븮ɸѡ书ǿеǽ¼ǰеĸ֣ǻһʱݺһʱѾûϢ
ѪҺ㣬һ·ѵɽ·վŵһˡ
˺ڷ£ԭòʱɷף͸һ·ǰغͺ󱳶Ѿʪ˴Ƭֻ·Ǻɫģ˲ʲôɫ
ӣ㵽˭ʲôôΪôǺǰһڵأԼʮףƬѾȫŤʱʵؿǰˡ
ھǣ˲֪˾̫ξԴ
ûд𻰣ֻǸ˺·ϵһ˵ְ
Դαǰǣ̾Լǿȴû뵽Լļƻᱻһزʶİƣһ·ӾǴĺ֣ڼʱȫûԼΪԷ²
ֶαȽ¼ϵ˻Ҫߣϻһѹľ±ҪݡԶֺݣԼҲݡ
ôڵġԴź˲ϴ°ϵѪЦ֪鵱˭λõǸ¼֣нĵλٿһ꣬ʲô
ԴվλȨʢһʱˡ
֤ɽս˴ؾǣٴȨҲ
壬ڰᱻɣԴ
졣üͷһ壬һųԴȥ
Դƺһιȥ
˼ֻû䣬ǿһǣԱߵƥԴ
£ֻҪԴǡ
վһѣΣȴԶ¡¡죬Զ߷ɿ쿿

˻ӣùפһ̧ͷ·ͷ
·ͷﱼ̤ӭչһ⡱֡һܶΪ׵ɫͦΣˣģϤ
ǡ
ǽ顣
͵͵ؿһ
һ·βԴĶʱȴԴһû뵽ɽֵĵϻڵ·롣
˭վ
Ϊ׵ֻ̧վǰʮ죬Խ۾ͫȴԽԽ
Ұվǰ̧ۿ
һæסƥ
Ϊ˵Ķ׷ֹͣн
ԭززӣΪ׵˻˻ΣĿȴߵƥƥϱˣֿһصʬ壬ջѪǰվŵˡ


һ㶣ѾףĬһ£Цشˣ
鿴Ц̣ս
⻺۾
üһߵǰżʪ·Ŀ˳ѪĿϡ
۾ѾЩģֻԼԷĿԼϣæ߹ȥϵߵҡȿȣҽ·˵أʮֿɶԾ˳ˡ
飺
ⲻҿ飬ǿһشϴɽʱɽר׽öİɡ˾ͽˣʡñܹٸһˡ
飺
ڰԼ˵Ļ˵꣬ûд˿ˣˡ
飺
ԴҪ飬ڴˣһнҲ˳¡֪ϻлɢĶҶæṦɽִȥ
ȵȣнȥ鿪ڡ
һͣϣͷŽ顣
ҪȥѾ£̧ͷ
ҡ㶣ܿЦһȥȻǻؼҡ
üͷ
Цعס
ǰ·ϣ֪δɹ顣
ⲻͣæɽȥ
һ·ڽ뷲
Ϧͱɽ֣͸֦Ҷ߲߰ؽ˴׺
⻹ڷӣȴһйŲڴӿ£ѵһ֦Ҷĵϡ
òˡ
ۡ
Ҳܲˡ
ⴭڻشӿ£̧ųصĽŲײײ˼һ񴦣ɻ
غһ
̧ۣоչߣԼԼģģѤ
ͦÿġ
ȻЦЦ̧סĿڣ΢΢һŴƬƬѪӿӿȾƬ򥡣
ľˡ
ֳۣصϡ
һ˿ʧǰǰڰ
ȫɿʧ֣ͷҲƫŴһߡ
磬Ҫҡ
磬ڼ㡣
ؼңؼҡ
ңС
*
͸һ˵ϡ
忿ϣ۾ţͷشһߣ˫һִϣһִڵϣĲݺҶ½Ⱦͨ졣
ѪҺճûиɺԡ
أһֻųƴɽֵһء۵ĺ˷裬ջͣ˼ͷ
ͣµʱ򣬰ִһ
Ѱ٣ڿµˡ
µտûƽշʵ̬ʱü˳ǰдĿĵѪ·˯һ㡣
գʰǰ



48 һ  
ɽ
ɽɽϳƮѩ, ѻѩؽɽ̳һƬãɫ, ̸ǹ¾ɽƣ뷱ɽž, ɽУֻõӭԼɳɳ̤ѩ֮
ɽǰһˡ
Щͷͺĺ, Ҳһ, ɪɪŮӣȺʽԼʮˡȺ˱ס, ǰ, һһģӡѩǳǳ
ڣȺеһʯǰ
ʯǰʫʫѾѩס˴, ֻ¶ɽ족塣ʯһɫ, һֱ쵽ǰվɽ, ϵͭС壬ʱûʹ, ϺͭС嶼Ѿᣬ³̲һı⡣
ˡʯѺɽĺͣ½Ų
պʦ, ˾סڴ˴Աʵ
ƺΪպʦĺкƵ˳ںɽУˣڴ˴ҡɽΪҵȲöϡ
˵ţַʯѩкԭںϵıʱƬµͭ嶣졣
ʦǽ¼ĵĸ֡

˼״ܿ콫ǱѺһӵĺϥѩ
˲ʵ˼£ջǱ˰סͷ­ʯǰ
ѩصϺϮˣ衣
Ҳ֪˶ãִ
ǷѲںɽʵ
ٵȵȰɡҡ֮˵
Զɽ壬ܿ챻ԶտɡԶɽϣֻѩ£ں̵硣
˹ڵϣһһֱԼϥرû֪лԶкѩУյ
һ㶣ܿʶʲô̧ͷ
Զɽ콻ӴһӰڻ谵棬Ӱ¹ѩ̤Զѩϣ˳гֽϰ°ڣŷѩ룬˿Ŀ
ˣȴѾõĽ˼Ӱдϲ
ɽ콣ѩ¼һ¸صĴڣ佣ǣ޵ɾ磬н˶ĸ߷塣
һ˸OO@@
Ǹŷѩ˻Զ
£ʵ룬˶
ˣ³ǰպʦڽץһˡΪ·ͨʹְһǰð¾˺ɽׯʮˣծۣ˲þģ˵
ĶУǰӰȴûɨǰĽˡ
Ѻڵϵ·ͨĿ£ֲʵݺݵ̧ͷԶİӰˣû·ͨǶʮǰھ·֮ӣʮǰ·ܹѺǺ򸾲ɱҸף·ţռھׯۡҽΪЩѪծѪ·飡
ʮǰĿĸױɱʦһһ¡֮·Һھֻʣһ˴˳˺ޣΪβܱ
ӷ𡣡к
·ͨ˵ֺּݣֱܿһѺڵϣߵĳѾվ·ͨ˵֮ƾ޾ݡɱĺɽׯȴǽ¼ߵׯԺһֱʩУý硣
ܺǵݣȫ·ҵĻ죡·ͨڵ
ׯƲ¡ԱŮӵׯһֱҲܺƣڵڹȴǱ·ͨɱ·ͨĺ˲öϡ
Һ޵տ㹷һΣұضҲ·ͨݺݵضڳˣڵվȻ;Уȴһɰؿڡ
ӷѩѩжǺı⣬·ͨ;УȴûܰѺĻ˵꣬Ѿ׷ɣѩϡ
ѩϣ·ͨѾˡ
ѩྡྷֹ˶ȫѩƬ衣
仯ͻȻ˽Բɵһ㶣ԶվŵİӰȥ
ոǵƺնġ
ôԶľ룬ȻôǿϢպʦһŷӦǿӰֿ·ͨȴ·ͨϱѾѣ˻ڵϣȫûж
·ͨ漼һѧ³ˣȻ׽ˣ
ϽԲɵһ䣬ٻӰ֮ʱֻǰӰڷѩ֮Уɲ⡣
ˣλɽɡӰԶ

˵⻰˼ǣѾ˲þ
ǱΪ·ͨѺɽ˻Ǳʱ˻˹ϵԳֽɱĶˡ
ǡǶл˲öϡ˵
Ӱڷѩ֮УȴѾת̤űѩԶȥһʧ˵
ѩúˣһ˿⡣
˻йٶȿ·ͨȴ·֮ͨѾһѩ
˸öϣ֮Ѿɽׯһ¾ڲһ̵ʱͳ䶨
ǻһջȵ˵˼䣬ɽµĵ·ء
ɽʯǰָֻܿ˰˵ĽŲһֱѩڸǣ·ոû˵һ㡣
һӡӡ
ȿȿȿȡʯǰƽѩغէȻһӰѩϵĿԴ϶䡣
Ӱüϸ£òǱΪþ·ͨ
·ͨźڴڵغźɽϡĿҵؿһãؿǰѩء
ɽʯڣͭѾֽ⣬ͬԿŶֻʣһˡ
·ͨվ˦϶ѵʧǵڱǰһãؿűǰ塣
ѱʵѾֻһƽպץסϺɽ֮ʱѾ˱˴㡣
ڣ˲ûɱ
Ϊʲôûɱ
·̧ͨۿɽɽ̲סźķȥ
ɽɽվһ·ɽһƽ졣·ͨĶ²бڣһɽ֮Ṧϣŷѩϣ쵽ɽ֮ʱȴһӰɽŻߡ
˰ɡ
·ͨǰҪƸмȴǰӰò䣬һԼµꡣ
˾ݴѾһٶ꣬ôô᣿
·ͨһ㶡
ƺҲĵ΢΢Ҳǲôһ£˸¿Զɫ
ԶһɫĻ磬ʲôûС
·ͨ㶣֪ԷƺԼĬһ£ؿڵӺιʾң
˲û˵ֻ΢΢ü
·ͨΪҳ𣬱Ϊгø㣬ҡû뵽ӻҡ·ͨ
ֲס
лӶġ·ͨ
˵۾ͣһۣٶȿ򰲾ԶءֻЩ˿ߡ
·ͨ
ɽϵѩһؾתȥ
ǹҲΪҲɱǺ𣿡·̲ͨסսȭʵ
üıӰĽͣȴվɽϵÿϺɽ֮ǰѾԼľϣ˵ԣôºϸ˵ĳªǣĴ𰸡
·ͨһؿǰˣңҲûʲôطȥˡ
ϵ·ͨѾˣȥ
ȴûٴ𻰣ֻǼߡ
ߣʲôûС
·ͨĬĬظһ󣬸ִףٴŴˣĬĬɽ
ɽ˼뿪ɽʱȴںɽһȵ׼һĹ
ĹûжӲݣÿ궼˴ӡĹϵپǱеŵȴ·ͨʮ졣
˪
·ͨ㶡
˪ֲİڶʮǰ߳ƵؼҴС
˪Ŷݼ֮£λе꽭¼ϵĵΪвصĸ֡
Ĺôڴ˴
ɽӦûжŮӵĹڴ˴ĪǺɽ֮Ͼǡ
Ǹ굽˭
·ͨ㶡ججػع齭뵽Լ꣬ȴ·ͨ£ֻǵ͵ػ˸ߣҲ˲顣
еؼңевأе飬Զ֮ϡ
û뿪ɽ̫ԶżҲȥɽǸԼİ꣬Ȼÿ֮ʱ˴󲿷ֶվںɽϣǺѩϣҲǿɽǰء
Ŀ˺ܾá
ôһֱţʲô
ҹ֮ʱ·ͨһЩɽ͸ǰ꣬Ȼɽ֮ʱɽ˵
Ȼ벻ͨǱ㲻Ҫ롣ѻָòˣһ⣬ܶȻȻס
Ҳ֪˭
˹һ쿴ˣ֣֪롢ڵȵˡ

أ֮ͬת˲šЩˡЩĪҪˡ

ɽнӰһ׷ںɽɽӰٿسĽ£ڷѩ֮⡣
ɽ⣬ˣ
·̧ͨͷȴ׷̤ȥΨãѩ
һæɽȴ꿴Զһնؾ۽ķ
ϸѩͫɫ䡣
·ͨǰİѩصϥ£̧ͷعӣҪɽô
*
һ塣
ǡԴǰµꡣ
ǼĸҵǺ꽫Դ΢΢Цĸ֮ǰŸ֪ҵ˵ǴѸҵݡ
Դ壬͸һ˿Ȼȵ۵壬ȷʵǵȵ˪
΢΢һЦ
⼸ĸ״ںδԴʵ
һɽҰĸ˵һУһֱɽӡ
Դϲ뵽ʲô飺ĸ֮ǰɻ˵ʲô
΢΢üƺ뵽ʲôܿ˵˵һвصĵط
Ȼ˪ĶӡԴ΢ЦˬĽĺ󱳣áãͺһسڴˣҿǬʲô
ҲЦ
ãһж̫ξš


49 ѩ1
½룬Ƭʶ
С, ó, СںкأһƬͻȻƬ, һŮظ¡ĸ΢ЦسԱߵһк˵
кż⣬СظŮ¡ĸţȻĿڼ
, , С棡
Ůü䣬кϸСԺҪ, Ժɲô̰, һҪúչ
к̧ͷ¶õЦݣţģһչ˺õģ
ƬɢʵĹ⣬ձǵضĺڰɡڰ۾, 㶵ؿǰ, һһ, ںڰһû
磬ΪʲôҺüûмְֺ, ǲҪ𣿡
С񣬰ְûвҪǣǡֻȥ˺Զĵط
, Щ˵ģˣ׽ˣ𣿡
ôģ㲻ǻ𣿡
磬Ǹոծˡ
ñģ취ġ
֡裬Һú¸Ҳһ뿪ҡϣϣܱҸԶƽƽ
ţСɨĹ˵ʲôô뿪㡣


һ£ٶȱһƬ硣ٶž磬Ҳ֪˶ãڰ֮εĹ֣ȿֺϵק³硣
ļأн׹Ԩ֮ʱһͬƵһͻȻٿڰʴܣڻһ䡣
ɢϵĹηطٳأ£عĺڰС̧ʶڵסǵߣڽյж˶ſ⴦ȥ
ԶһССˮ֮ϣһһĹâصźڰʴ
ǹʮ죬նؿһʶѸٻڽ峺
ˣԼһΪ鵲ʱͼ⡣
˶ıԵ߽ˮ֮ϣŶĹ
ԴڲɢԼ֮С
¹ӡ˺һﴫϵͳϤ
һĿ̰塣
⿴һɫ磬üؿʵ죬ҿԻȥ𣿡
Ĭһ󣬺ʵ¹˵ǻ
ԭ硢ԭ塣ϵͳںװ
£ָ
ؿŶĹȴĬãػش
ûдɣ㻹ܻȥ
⣺
ڰ⴦ٶž徲ǹ֮һһ󷢳Ⲩƣ˴ռ·ͺ;ֹһ㡣
֮£ˮɢһһĲơ
Ҳ֪˶ãһ˵Ȼһش۾ôأҶ˳ˣΪòֻòԣ
򸡶ںڰ𣺡һǰһϰ˿㣬ɽоֳ軹û㻹صֳ塣
⣺
˭˭ģ
˵
ĿؿȻüͷָģ¶Ļɡ
¹ҲһЭϵҪʲôҿҵΧŵ㡣
ˣһ鳣Ҫһǡ
⿴ųȻЦҪʲô㲻֪𣿡
³ûлػ
ĳĬɾڱܾ
ȭڳɿڷץԼϵĶ̷ڵȻ㲻ϷһȥҼãܿ԰ɣ
˵ţûȳּܾ뿪ԭˣһ££ǰꣿҶ֪ôȻҪܸøҵ㸣ȷˡ

Ҳ𣿡ʵҿɲ԰չ

ı˵
ĬĬؿǰվŵ꣬ٶȹ⻪ǹԹӿөˮƽϷ裬ǰˮ档ˮȻֳһķ䣬̨ƣбʼǱǳԭӡ
⡢ӡ
һϲæǴȥȻ֮ʱƵȴֻ˻棬ߵˮֵķ
ֻǾûͨȥġ
ֻգؿŷ䣬һ㿴Ŵ򿪣һŮӷ˽
ŮβͽСƤ𪣬ģɰó
һ󼤶ˮϿһȴطϱŵȡ鱾ǰ£ʼǱһߺ˶һűʼǡ
û⼸ʼ⻮ֽµд
Ůģûб䣬ͼһģһ
üĿ΢Ц£뿴Ůڿʲô飬ʲôҵˮϵĻȴȥһӰ㵭ģģʧˮ֮µĺڰС
ʧҲ֪һ˲Ĵ⾹ܱߵⰵȥܶࡣ
ȷϺ𣿡
ô̵ʱ䣬ȷϸ
̧ͷ˹һۣ΢΢üƸоһ˿Ծĵطļֵͷˮ档
ˮľѾʧڳĹ΢£˫ָŵˮ׶ˣؿԼ̵ͷԼԭģ
ǡ
µͷĿ΢ƣڵλáĹӳܣƬڰĴڣɴʱˮȴûһĵӰ
ϵͳ֮£ǹӰһģģĺӰ
һ㶣ȴѾϵͳɺκθ飬ӵʮպޣȻȷϺˣǱȥɡ
ϵͳ˵Ļȥֳָ塣
Ҫ񡭡
üȴǰȻŤһ޴ӿĹˮһһɢٶһƬڰ
֮ǰڵĻ粻ͬڰһͬģԼܵĳظо
ȡȿȡӭĻл谵صϢ͵ؿȴʹû
Ķæ߹ӱĴһů
ůĿڣ
˶صһߣȴ찵صתֿܵһٶӿļ³һѪ
ĿڵůʱһͣסĵֺȻ
ȴѾ֧ŲסոճſƤϣϢٶʧȥʶ
ҽʦΪеʵ
ϣ˳˼ķΣԺȬҲҽʦ˻ҵؿǰ꣬ȫû뵽ԼոϵĲ˻;Ѫһʱ֮Ȼ
ʵҽεʱ˾Ѿֻʣ°һ̤ŹصˣʱȥȻȻ˰Ȼʮּ֡
ȬԺҲǰĻʵʵ
ҽʦҿʵɫֻӲͷƤȬԺҲԪˣ𡣻ϣҪĵˡ


50 Ԩѩ2
ոռֻһĹ˿Ѫ, ûԱߵ, ԡ
ҽʦĽͣĬؽ͵ڼתһ, Ÿɿ֣¡
𡭡º󣬽ڻжʱ䣿
, ҽʦ, ֻίλĵ˲زĻҲܻʮʮꡣ
飺
֮, ҲͻЩˡ
ʵɫͻȻѿ, ҽʦһ䣬Ͻ˵Աߵͷ
ίǽ¼ҽǰġСҩ硱ǰһֱСҩȴúúõ, ˻ʵ۵˻ˮͻȻһӰźɽ콣ѩڹ, ҽһ˽֮ˡ
ѩǵһ, Сҩλеչˡ翴ΪΪ鱨ҲʩʩȻŰӰǡȴյ, ȴǵĻʵۣʱһԴѹա쬵ĸо
ʵۺʲôϵôнѩ
ڲ, ˶Ѿˣǰлʵ۵һ˫۾ţֻӲͷƤȫʩȡ
Ŀڴ˿ѾãҲֹһ顣鿴֮ô£һ
̫ˡ
ѰĽ˿Ͳˣǰ˾Ȼб£ܹ˿ڷĵزʵ󲻳ô̹ġ
Ȼأлʵóɽѩ־ϡҩĵסһϢҹΪ令֣˴Ե˻
ôչ˵ˡ
ϣλӸոֿѪӦѪڻѪδȥҩӣܻܲȥڵѪŻʵɫԽԽޣæ
ʵ۵۾˶ĿڼոտȳѪϡ
áһ
ظϽת뿪䡣
һ·ߵҩ˿ոڷҲֽ֪첻ϲԭܾλεĻʵߵѹ͵Ϣһֹ¸߿ռŵĸо
粻û˵λʵ۵Ĵţ˵Ƕʮǰ߳ƵؼҴС˪Ķӡ˪Ůˡ
СҩȲö࣬ϢҲͨϺܿ¶Ź֮ɫ
֪һЩص顣ЩǴҵķ̸ʣײϻʵ۱ˣƺĻʵ롣
˵λؼҴС뿪ؼ֮ǰʶ˶ڴ˪ĺʵǡʵǡ
ҽʦ뵽˴ߺȻէһ
ո뵽˪İԣȻʱһеҩĶһء
Ŀڵһصҩϡ
ϣôҲҩˣոջ뷨һæͷ
ͷֻɫĳ°ڣ°ڽ˿ߣƣʱ΢΢һ£ǵҲŴ
ҽʦҵƳأɷзܹݻʹࣿʵ
ԭ⡣˿УСҩȵķỨʹҩºͣҩĸá
ҩĶб׶ˣСҩȵķỨܽ⣬ֻǷỨ٣ۼۼߡԷǻʵ۵Ļֲ⡣
˼룬ȴǰվŵĻʵ۵ỨѰҩá
ʵڵĴ£ܿЦϷģҹǹѰҩﲢûпԡ书ߣʱڻвʶֻҪùֿҩԣǷỨЧһֱ
Ҳ˵ֻҪڻԣ޷⿪ҩԡ
ǡͷѹûвҩҲڵġ
ҽʦҩһһֱ˯ҩֵ
밲ҩȻǿԣҪڻӦ־ﲻԣ˲סˡ
ϣ⡭һǾò֪ôظ
ǰΣһʼֻǾʵ۹߾һ˿׽ɫ
һֱ˯šȻڵ
ʵҪǸʲô
ţزᰲֵشˡһֱ˯źá
ƿԣȴѾЦҽʦʱҪ鷳ˣͻȻʲôò˵һ˺˶Կھ
粻ҾֻܾöԷϵĺ޷棬Ѿ衣
Ǹ˵ʵ۵ʲôϵ
˳ŵĲݣٿǰ䳺Ļʵۣ˾һʱ侹ȻҲ޷ж˹Ĺϵл㱵ؼҩҩ֭ȴʵѾԶֶҩ˷ȥ
ƿţڴϡ
ǱЦǳҪݣ۾ȴڴ˿̽ţûΪĵ
е̣ѧ·ߵķӴϷ𣬿ڵõͷϡ
Űɫĵ£ΪҪÿշҩԵʣ΢¶ͷǣĿڴһ˰Ѷϣ֡
ֻҪ¿ͻᷢͬ˴һ˿ڡ
𣿡Ȼʵ
ͷûлش
еֻǷİԼǰ΢ĺ
ĬȻڼߣҩų¶ȣҨش˼Ρ
ҩĴߣøɺԵĴɫ
ҩҺεδ
Ŀתضżû֪飬֣Ĵ
ʪ󡢻¶ȡ
ɽѩڼ̵ļкХػһɫĻ磬ʶʲôϵ߽ۣۣѾ˻Ц̣޴롢Цкò档

ס̲סǰͷϸϸعۿ

۾
ǡ
΢ط˷˿԰̽أ˴һǡ
*
ݺ
ʶۣãȻؿŴʣܿٶϡ
ѾȬԱ˵Ļ
ͻѹʵ
ɣѾްֻҪٴ󶯸ɸ꣬Ӧûʲô⡣ˣҲҪҵСҩˡ
ҽʦࡣ
ׯ
ǱʶһİҲ֪Լ˯˶ã̲סüسŶ˶塣
ǰͬƺûǰôأĿڴľ˺Ҳûôʹˡ
ѵȬˣ
ĬĬ룬ȻԼһ˵ʱڹ﹬Ӳǵ˽һ£뿪֮ǰɽڼ仹·߰ͷҽǰҲûȬ
ôöβõˣѾȬˣ
ʱ˶ã
ȻһæͣػԼ˯ʶ
ڵϢ͵صָ֪֪֫üͷɢص壬Ȼ۾
ˣԱ˾ȵؽе
ô죿æܹ
ⶢǰĴһᣬĿ΢ƣڿԼڵĻֻһķڣдƵ񻨣ľΰڷŶܽ£ȥڸ˼ҵļС
ԱߣˣһѾߴŮӣһǴĶʮҵ꣬һʮеӡ
ӴչҲ
ҡҡֻúһ˻˵Щİ
˯ѾãڸȲҪǿ״Ѿ˲ˮ
Ӽ״Ҫǰȴһֱ˯ѾԼڴ棬ӹ굹ĲˮһڣлãȻؿŶˣ֯Եҡʣ
˵ЦλӣǾ⡣֮ǰڴˮεñմҷҼҷײ˿أؾҽΣλҽʦҲǰȻҽʦ

ǱҽʦܿЦЦЦһ˿ΣĿȴͣڴѹĳ⡣
ֵлʶԼ˿ڣ̧ʵҡ˶ã


51 ҵѩ3
Ӻҽʦ
֪ǰ˻ʵ⣬һ, ɿһ, ׯȻʱѾȫûʶ, Ҳء
Щ֪Ŀתؿҽʦ
ǰ۾޹峺ȴһ˿ϣΪҽʦ粻֪ľԼ˵ȥˣ̧ͷһԱߵӡ
Ӽ״, ЦЦҽʦ˵û, ιΪƳأѾ˯˴ʱˡ
⣺
ꡭ
ɫʱӲ
ܹѾңԺ農ĵ, ܴ󶯸ɸ, ȻʱӰ٣òʧְ۲ӵ
˼ˣʵѾСҩȡٹձ̻ȥû뵽ǰһֱŵ˻ûȥỨҩԾȻԷѹ, ˵һ
ỨҩԺǿ, ԭҩʹ, ڰ԰ѵ״̬ƳͰߵȹίʵ, ȷʵʵ˵ɲ⡣
ݹܿǽ¼ǰʮʶڶ, ȴҲû˵˵Ĵڡ
˭
ųʶ˵ģ˯ŵʱ򰲾˳һ˫۾ͫԭͲվǵһ⣬һĹʡ
ǻʵ׽ˡ롣
ûϣȴǰڴϵ۾ȻOO@@ԱߵĶԹԵ´ˡ
㡭Сġ´ʱ򣬹Ȼϵصһ¡
˯˰꣬Ѿ½ôˤŹ֡
Ӻ״Ҫǰ
ȴû¡ڵһ£ȻԼϥվ壬һһȥ
ĵ̧Ŀȥȴ˱Ӱ
ߵ裬ߵſڣڻƿڵķš
⣬Ѿսĵ¶ƷϣеͷȻҲĿ
ȻѾ˴ꡭ
̧ͷǰһУſһ££ճȭ
*
ɽׯλھʮ￪СϣׯׯպŲߣһС·ĽָѧһЩȭţʮңԱǵĹٵ߿ׯʿŲ߷ƺʩׯʳʮˣڷԲʮﶼС
ׯֵ죬һǿָܿԭж
ûĿڵľۣȷʵоǰɺܶ࣬ȥʱȴصֱֶҪٹɱɱɼ޽ҲȲˣóܲһʮ΢ĸо
ԭֻ»ʵְˣԺԷ¶̽飬⣬æ˸֮󼪡
⸴ּԼׯˡ
ׯԼʮŶӾȻСѺܸˣų˵˻Ự꺮ůоᡣ
һһׯ˵л
֮ʱٰ뿵ߵĺˣϲûʲôֵǮĶ߶ׯ֮ãЩⲻȥׯҪʲôʱǺׯȴҡֳƸ˵ת˰һȥʮֳصĶ
ǳ״ҶſֹŲȻǳһֱʹõߡ
뿪ʶѾԼ֪ߵ˭֪ⳤɽׯ˾ȻҲ˻
⿴һ㶣ȴֹסٶ
Ųߺׯһ֮ʿ˵˳һЩ̲
Ѳֻ£ȳ˳ɽׯǴγѡл㱡
ڹٵһջǱعٵϣһ·ǰǡ
ٽ죬̫ڸ߿գҰĹٵڵģŤʱʱЪϢȵ˿쵽ǵʱ򣬼Ѿ·ĿˣӾһ̸
ʮҲúʣе̵˲ˮٵ·΢΢һ㶣̧ԴȥٵϺȻһΪ׵ٷĹۣŹٵ߶⼸żȻǴӾѺķˡ
Ҳص׷ۡ
⼸˭
ɽǼٵġ
ɽ˵ٷ˹ᣬǰԴӵղһˣⲻԴİӽˣЩ˹Ҳˣߵؿ˰ɡ

ĬĬţֻ⼸˵Уԭ֪гȻУβĻõة
ͷɢңͷ棬ϸȷϣһʱỹϲǾúԺι̫үǡ
гѾ䣬ɽѾ˽⡣ĬĬе̵˲ˮȴԱ˽ۡ
˵Դ˵ϢĻǼٵģ
ġԴѹڻʵͷô꣬ʵôܷŹ϶ǰдˡ
̫ξҲǸ󳼣Ȼ˵͵
ҵǸɽղԴйصİӶұô̰ʹ졣
˵ݴʷֳ裿
ǰ˵Ѿؾˡ

ȥˣԴȻѾˡ
Сֳؾô£
ֳ֣ʶ㶡ɽǽһݴԴ״齻죬һύ·ߡ
ֳ֮թ뿵Ķһ·׷ɱԴˣڻõĺԼԭͬļòĹ켣˵ֳӦʧ˴ˣЩ˵Ļʵֳؾô£
ˮؼŲ̵ۣܿ˽ζ˵
ǰִɽ˷ˣʧһǴ󹦣Ҳ֪λؾ᲻١
ܸΰɣôҲΪ¡
˵ִ˳õô⼸Ӧ·ϣҲ֪ܼܲλִˡ
ɽǱߴִ߰˳ߣݣͭ壬ŭ͵ڹ幫һ
ۡȿȡʱǺһڡ
Աߵ˿Ͷüķ
æǸߵزϺϵˮ
˵ЩضЩ߱ˣδǡҪ֪ھڣֳҲ׹ʲôͷ
һ룬һĬĬظ˲Ǯ
гȫϵüˣʱѾڹ۵Ѻʧڹٵͷ⿴Щһۣ΢΢üסĿڡ
ĿڴѾܲʹѾȬֻʣǳɫ̵ĺۼӦöٿˡ
ڸոպȲ֮ǰΪԼӦûʲô⣬ڵֳ֪ؾ飬һгǰֱ˷
ֳˡ·뿵İˣӦû֪Ѿڱ뿵ıֳǵûѶΪɽһĹ
ɽؾǣ
ôôɣȬˣȴʱֳؾˣ
ѵ˵
Ųס۾Լ


52 ظѩ4
ֳͬʱ, üͥ, ۽΢ԭģ
˾ֵֹĳɽׯ֪ȴƫƫʧõߡʧȥʶ֮ǰͽһ桪ڳԺ, ˺һǣһǡ
ܳ
з񳤲ݡ
ΪֻҪ¶κκֳйصͲᱻκ˷ԭݣɽ, Ϊƫƫû, ˯˰࡭
ʱ䣬֪ڽͼϷʲô
֪ȴܿʲô֪ˡ
ɼȻ֪Ǽٵ, Ϊʲô黹ҪһɽׯٻֳϷ룿
Ĭ, Լ֮ǰͿ͸飬Ժ󷴶ӿ͸ˡ
鵽ǻʵۣܹ黹ھ档
ٵϵˡ·վ, Ÿǵȥ
н, ·㿪ʼӵŴйٱ, һһݷơ
ʱûзƣվ⿴һ, ջȺžǵΡǽ˰Ȧһ˵ĳǽ, ӻǺӣǱǽ£ٵֵصĹٱѲǽ½뾩ǡ
ǻǰǰ뾩ӣַαȣȥ֣һɡ
ĬĬ߽һû˵ӣȵ߳ʱϼòѾȥȡ֮ü쾫ϸ״ֳģ
ֳûؾǣѾʶⱳߴУ߹ַԭסּҡ
ּʯڣȴѾո£ͷҲǰӿҶԴϴţָǸͷƵġ
⿴Ĭһʰϡ
ſڵҶָ¹ףʶֳ衣˼һصֱԹŶһ㶣ҪȴԷѾֱӿŴ󿲣ָȥ
ιʲôˣҶģԣֱһŵĶһۿҲʲôæ
ûͣ£ǰͥȴڵôͥԺгѾ˵Ľ̸д
үϲɺأɴ˻ǰ;պھҪ໥չˡ˵
մĻӻָʲôְأԺٳϻմ˶ศһ
ү
մ˲ǣ˷Żôණɷָˡ
˵ϴʮֲƣһ£ֺӣһ˿£Ҳи̬ģʮϵƣӦǾеĹԱɡ
ֺմ˱бߣмҶֵغšվסſڴ
ʱҶѾ׷ԱߣȵᣬȻҴָլӣٲȥǾͱˣ
ͷ˼ҶһֿۣմŵĻϡ
ֺҲû뵽ʱ˻ᴳָüͷһ壬ǳ⣬ȴ˳۾ʮ죬ĵֳ衭
ˣֺһ㶡
ʵֳؾѾ˺ü죬ʱҲֳִﾩǣֺû뵽ԼĵӻͻȻһһ糾ͣȫûٵӣϲ
׷ļҶһ㶣ȫû뵽ոս˾ȻͷԼү
ûдֺĻĿֺ̧ߵĹԱϡ
λ˭ֱʵ
ɣλǾǵ˾ξմˡ̵ֺ
˾ξƹܵǾǵڵĸ˰Ͳֿ⣬ǹֺͷϵĹ١ĹٱǺܶ˿ֺõλãĹλΪƷֳݴʷҪһƷ
ʷɹԾûʲôӰ죬ֳ豻ٻؾܿҪְʹƽҲƷο˴󹦣ָܻʵáĹЩߵʡ¹Աʲôھ֮µĵطСٿֿ
⿴մ˺ֺɫܿô¡
յĹԱ¶ЦݣҪп׵ܿϵҲܶմˣ߶ϵˣЩùĶԸûȥɡ
ֳ豾յĹԱύύ֪Էտھôһ仰ղξ¶Цݶʱϡ
˵ʲôֺҲһ
ղξûطظүҲڵʱ˶ٶ
ֺȫû뵽ֳ˵Ļղξɫѿæ䣬ֳȵֳ֣裬˵𣿣
ȵôԱߵļҶּҸһֺͻᷢôƢɵõüͷ
ֺڼеλ׿Ȼжȣֳĸף⼸տɽ˲ǰĹԱ˭õүջͺүҲ֪İүҪôӦ
Ҷ͵͵ֳ裬ȴֳЦһ˵վǲաүٻ٣
㡭ᵽԼٵ飬ֺһؿڣ÷
ּұ̼֣ѵиٵģǰ˳۵Ķӡ
ֺ
մ˱бһ¼ּҸֳִּ軰вݻؾвɵ÷
ֳɽ¼⣬Դ鶼Ҳ飬˾ǲٴ٣»Ǹвͨصˡ
ֺּ͹ٳϵ߶ΪּǸ߹ϵŻֳģݲȥ
˰ˣүĪҪôҲǾǹȦˣղξգȴЦ׵Ȼִ˲¹͸˱ǡүҲĪҪΪˡ
һЦһֳֿ裬ֻԷɫһԱģɵϲ䲻ȣѾƪ
һ䣬˵㹦ȻҲҸ˰סҪǿ٣˭ּҡ
ղξѣҲûֳ˵ȥóȥķֱӵǱָȥ
ӣӣ뿪ֺƿ
ûֱֺƵߣҪԼķȥ
ӣ֪˶ٹϵ˶ļǮɽֺȴڳ㿴⸱ģͻȻӼʧҲ˵ջ͸ղξԺ˭ּң٣ͨڣִ֪磬վӣƷ
ǰֳһԴּʧָµһٺң֪ȴ˵ԼҶڲԴİӣֺ˺һӣּһҲΪǵЦ
Ƕʱֺ޲ðԶɽĶӸקúýѵһ٣ҺúɽİӸƣּû⵽Դıǣ
ּҺòɫľӪҲֳֺ̣̣һ·ѵȥ
һ·ѵ˲ټҶҲæϵүĶǴүֳʱɫһ䣬ҪȥȰ⣬һֱ·ֳȴͻȻŲһ٣һ˿ɫ
˵ûУֳתͷ毺õգȴȫɷֺٶ˵һ䣬Сײϣ֡
Χ۵һûϵּҴүֱү
㡢㡭ֺһֳָ裬ȴ˵һ仰
ֳ̬Ļָ֡
ֺȻ뵽ֳ迼а֮ǰԼɨسţɵ÷
ˣԴֳȼݻԺһһֱﻹǰĵӡ
ҲԾСع۲ֳ裬ֻŰ⵹̫ξĴүʺǺǰȫͬˣǰү˵ŵŵ˵һһ󣬵ȴʮֵз
ôˣ
һʱ䶼ҪôȰ⡣Ҳ˶ֳֺĹϵʱһҶִҴææſܹ
үү˹ˣ˵ҪүʥܵôҴææ


53 ѩ5
ֳջּңʵ˽ˣ
üͷ΢΢һ, , ָǰȥ
ֺҲû뵽ʥּȻô죬һ, ֳޱԽߣҧҧüϣǰǰԺּ
һ˵õȮ죬ֳô, Ҳָĵ, ܻʵô˵Ǻ£¾Ϳʵۻֳʲôְˡ
ûʵεĻʡΪ٣ٲٵҲпܡЩǾǹȦӵ, Ȼϵ, Ϊּҿ֦ɢҶĺλá
ֺţųһǰּ
ǰĹǽ̹٣վſѾȺʱּС, ܿ˽Ŀ, ֳ輴ʱ㱨
Ѿ, ִ˲ھ׼׼ۼҽɡ̹˵ʵۿ, ܿЦе˵
ãԵȡֳ
ڻŴӳɽׯ··ȥ϶, ܿתط߷ŵףͷ
ԱʥҪװɽ֮ʱֳơٷѾڻĽҰ룬ʱص䣬ֻû֮ǰӹ²ĺɫûƷĹٷ̹ǰʹ
ڵָ̣ǰŶһ·ַУΡʹʻȥ
Ŵлʳѳ֣̹ƣܿ㱻СԼ˰ӣֹͣҲ̹ͣÿֳ³
ͣλڹ̸һ·һǽţо죬³ſһƬһǽߵĹ¡
ǰϴ鷿
֮ʱʱ˵ļڣһۿȥֻ⵽֦ҶԽïʢڰյҫⰻȻٵգȻ˸ĸо
ǸʱΪշת࣬ȻһζţȻݺץסҲָ׵ߣء
Ǵȥˡ
վ硣
Ѿǰ鷿棬СƬִ̣鷿гųЦִˣոշȥùЩʱҵȴô鷿ЪϢ
ǵ෽ǬƹʡԴ̨ȨƵͬն
áͷûжʣһ鷿֮ڡ
鷿ǰǰĲãʵ۵λ󿴲УǰһΣαв裬Ϸѩ׷µС㣬ȥŴŴǺʵӡ
Ѿ⵹ˮִˣǻǰصضŷ׼ĸ㣬Ʒԡ
黹׼
һι鷿Ҳ֪Ĺ鷿ǲҲĴ
ĬĬɨ˵ļۣûõĳˣֻǱߵȱ߿鷿ڵĲ˴鷿ǻʵ۰칫ĳųУϳĴϵҲǳϸھƵʽ̵οмֻʵڴ⣬ȥ
ⴰŻ𣿡ϡǵԼ鷿ʱ򣬺ûмʲô
̺һߣŴĺЦһµִˣ鷿ûֲӦǴ԰ɹġ
Ŷ㶡
ֳ費⣬ЦŴ԰һǧĻڵʱ򣬿ǧ˻ȵ԰£ɳйŮմȾ˻㣬԰бһĺǰơ鷿԰ĸŮմȾкɵ
ԭˡⰵñţûŵκζ
ЦЦпߵִһۡλɽʷһ״⵹ԴڹǼģֻʱֳˣɫҵһʱӣ˿Уٸ˰꿴ȴֳ¹ٷźɫԵñŮӻҪƯһЩʸ䣬ʮֵעĿ
ŮϷӣҲ֪Ҫλִȥ԰ʲôʢ
ȴûʣֻ鷿оȺ
һʱĺɽɢȣ¶ȡ鷿ⴵ磬һ˳ŷӹƬԺѾ̧ۿھµ鷿һۡ
鷿ų͸ŴԿһɫӰѾС
ԭ䵭ü΢չʰȥ
ɫӰҲȻĵܿλ
ݼϡţܿݵ
մŵǰƺɫûټϢҲԽˡ
ڵϣŽ߹Ь
Ҳ֪ôֳ衣
ĬȻڵϣȴ˼Ѿ鷿ڷȥ
ְƽɡ
һ㶣̧ͷʱǳڷⷿѾͽߣ˿ʲô顣
ֻ
紦۷ĵӰһλʶعڶһһߵְ䣬ɽưй˰⵹Դĳ룬ؾʲôҪ˵𣿡
ɶʲô˵ģ
վĬԴʱѾо˶첻ˣֳԡ
˵귭£ƺڵĴ𰸡
볼˵ķģվһӲͷƤ̽ʵ
Ķ˶٣ڻӦֳʣְ䣬ưûģؾǣǰְ뵱ʲô٣ɺ˵˵
˵ţǴЦ⣺ģҪʲô٣޶ȡ
ҡһûáĬ뵽ɽׯ飬̲ס̽ʵô뵽ٻؾǣ
ֳѾ˲ǣڱ
ضӰȴӰ΢΢һ٣Ц
ֳ裬˵Ч𣿡޵ԳɽˣӦ㵱յ󣬽ؾǣ޵ߡ

ǰֳΪ鵲һ˼ڽ̽˵ԸڽЧĻû뵽һֱǵڡ
ֻЩļؼ񶼴ѹȥ
ˣԭС¶Ѿ츲صĸı䡣
һʱ֮ԣðŵͷԭţ뵱ûһжϵİţҪȥģұȥġ
ڻʵ߲СΪûлؾ
鸴˷ۣ˶ٱʵˣĹٳޱ㰲͢ξһְǰԴİˣ͢ξؿ˲٣ɳʱȥӦʲôʵģ˵
͢ξʡ֮⣬˾еĹ͢ξһƷְ͢ξһƷְԴش󰸼ƽ͢ξ졣
ֳƷʷƷְѾȴǾԴеĵһˣ͢ξֺ˳¡
鲻ἧ飬Ҳ᳤ɽׯ飬ҲûΪʲôûдƷĹٷ⿴ŽӰ˵ֻܸл
¶˿ڷ磬ȥǵȵ顣
ȴûзȥ˼̧ͷֳ裬ȻЦְ䣬ҹѾҿһֱûгŵģѷԸŷʳ͵鷿簮һͬŰɡ

̧ͷŽӰö˶̧ͷȻڿԼݾܾӡ
֣̿ʤܶмٶӲͷƤ
ʱ磬žԼԽʱôΣɴҪһͽԷҪôദ
üȻһߵĽȴֻЦЦַۡ
ԼӺŷ˹Ȼ˸Ʒ鷿ڴ棬һķˡ⹬ʳָɽõĶҪ£ȽƳ֮˸λ¡
һˣˣⱾΪ˵ʲôȻһọ̈̄Ҳûٿһ䡣
˵žֻŶѡϻǹ¸ߵΨĿʱʱذڳӼвҨĵطʵĺϣʱֻһ𰲰ؽʳ
ֱҹĻ׽٣ҹǳ䣬ʳڵƻ𣬵׺׺ش͸ҹĻ
ʱѾ硣
ϣ΢ȸˡ
ʳñϣҲûʲôסˡ
ؿֳһۣڻͷ
á
*
ֳĵگúܿ죬뿪ĵգн͢ξʥָּ
ɽһֳ費پһƷòĽѡ
ȻҲ˶ֳĹְΪ⡣
֮вƷʵȨĻˡ͢ξǱֳ֮ĹȨȴ̲Ķϰ˾ְܽ棬ݱԩٴش¼ʵȨϾͱһҾٹٹ໤ȷҪԱİӣ͢ξԤҲ鲻ʲô
˶͢ξĹְмһˣҲ˸߲ңϢ֮˳ֳ衣
ˣôˣָ֮ŵʱ򣬳̲סµشλ״Ԫɡ
δںԺӻ֮ȼеһȦֳһЦܿĸ첲
ִˣһһˣɷ¹ˡ֮˵첲ϵ⣬üû㾹Ȼôࡣߣø¹ǰҴȥ΢¥Ȼףȥ
΢¥һǲȥ˰ɡ
ֳ迴뵽ȥˣ΢¥һ¿ľ¥൯Сĸ輧֮һųһߵ֪ҵ֪Ҫ⵹Դʱжൣģҽ㣬Ҳʽлɱ𲻸ӡ
֮ǰֳܹ֮Ϊֳ͵͵ӶŪԴˣȻأ֮ҲǺµòˣηη˺ü죬ֱԴ̨˿
ֳؾȻһͼǵݷá
˵ţ֮ü³ļͷ˵ˣϢûк֣ΪʲôҪ͢ξĹְ


54 ּ˾ѩ6
ְ飿
Ϊʲôʵ
֮һЦӣִ, Ҫ֪⳯ض, ͸ӣ۷΢¥𣡡
⣺ϸӦ, ֮ӦþͲˡ
֮һô˵ҪԷļƣطͷ
΢ȣѾвƬ̺, ˼鵥г·ֳյ, ɫʮأһֵ˼ӡ֮࣬˵ȥ¥ôҲҪÿעĿ, ȴֳ˿β, ϸüۼ䣬ü֮ò㣬Խ޵Уæɿһ, ӲջҪѿڶĻ
ôˣֳһ߿, һ߻Ծʵ
ûʲôûʲô֮ҡͷ, ĿȴƳֳؿڡ
·õؿڴ, ֳǰƽģ֮ΪվǰļŮװĹӡ
˿±ȷ΢¥ĸ輧Ҫÿˡ
ôֳ֣֮ĸ˵ʲô, תΪЦݣΪֳ迪·
΢¥ٽǳǺӣнϣ֮ʱиŮݺݺ¥дɢù·ʱʱפ
֮¥˶࣬㿪˼ż䣬һڰ
ĸֻΧʣ輧¥Сʶ֮صضһƷƹ֮Ʒ
֮ãһһ˱ƵֹӣױдΣ
֮Ƿ΢¥ͣżΪ輧ʫʣһ
ٵʱĸѹȥһֱһ߼ְһ߹ö飬ԼѧҲѧרҵȻûİãʫʸ踳һϲͨЦЦԭ״Ԫ飬Ҿһˣݲʲôû;úѡ
֮ϲܿ뵽ֳﳡΧԵʱʫʣ̴˸ЦԭҲǸ˵̨İãЩʱںԺȽУЩ
ͷ½뺲Ժʱӻѵ֮ͷöĸ£״ԪϤͷĻֺԱߵ˴˹ϵ˿ʱ䡣
ȥ͢ξ飬˽ҲԺ˵ʱ֪ġ˵ţһСھƣ
Ժ׫伮ʥּ޹ʷȷʵϢͨĹ֮һ֮Ŀ죬ܿŵҲΪģڰ£Ѿڻʵһߵˡ⳯еɸӣʡڻǷȨžΪʲôȥȥĵطˡ
˵Сպñ輧ָǹΧ洫һ󿴿ڵĺȲ
Ϻͷ֮ôˣȴѾ֮Ļ֮
֮Ĭһ£ֳ費ǻվӣֻ̾˿
ִˣǰҪֵĿɲλϰ
ü
ȵͻȻݱ꣬ԭ̫ӡӡĻȨһֱԭ̫ӵϵֻϧǰЩӻ¾˭ûл֮͵ҲǿԴڵĻϴȹ֡
ںԺ˰꣬ԺǼ¼ҪµĵطżҲῴܴţֻǼϣû˵
ڿֳãӣ̲֮סԴȻʾڵĻ໹ʷ¶ǲġ
ôԴǷ˽λһʱȨ㳯Ұ
ĬĬţǰ˵䣬û뵽֮õ֤ʵ
ӡҲֻͣڿƾ֮ĲΰݣʱԭԴﳡΧһ¸֪࣬ȴΪԽӽֻ÷㡣
ʷ죬˻ؾôˡһĹ٣ֲȥӾҲɷѿģŰ͢ξ͢ξְھʵȨС˵㣬ôаиƷǾ٣Ҳʡ֮
𣿡뵱һй١
ֳ֮һϲӣȾƲǺ˿ڣٿˣһʿ졣˵͢ξҼ඼ָλãһսģ֪㰡
ԭλû
ЦЦȹһھơ
Ǿ¥Ƶƣбھ¥Ԣţ֮崼ڸк
ҲֻƷһڣûټȥ
֮һЩȴû䣬һΧһֱȻֹͣˡ
λӣ㡭Ů¥ϵĸҲͣŮ⧲ؾһ
һȺ˺ЦЦڡ
СӣСòһظΣ˵Ц
أСŮֻڷ΢¥պڣŮӵȻû
֮İŮĵطܽشΧʴţȻЩ
У㻹ʲôգֱӹԹԾͷˣ
ǰǹӼеǮСô

Цһһشᣬ֮ͳϼ䣬ʱ˲ͨ죬İ𣺡ĻˣҪȥ¥΢¥Ұĵط
ˣҡǱĸŮ֮ܿæȵ
΢¥ĸŮƽʱ֮Ŀ붼ʶλԺĴˣʱ֮вɵһϣ
ҪӹȻͣ˶⼸һ˲ĶһӸְǰĸŮһ§ԼĻУϴŲмˣѲ΢¥д֮ĸУҲ˼ñ˽ˣ
㡭֮û뵽Է˵Ļȴ˳ΧһΧʱ㱻ˢһͷѾ˿˹
ӣµû״ԪһҲǽ·Σɨһ֮ʱЦػص
ߣǿһСС״ԪѾЮ˸ŮƵ߹Ҫܵ˽״Ԫ֮ôʵǿЦ

֮û뵽ϷŮľȻһ޳竣÷ǰһȺǹӸģкüģ仹һɵĶӣʱȺǾеĴӵܣͷ϶С
Ϊ׵һƹӸģϴŶɴһǼֵƣҲǷǳ졣
ҲʱߵһŽµӿһˣȻ۾һ
ֳ裡ôȻ

λϵĳ̧ԴȥֻڡӡȸӰһأּҵʢ˭
⼸ָⶼûкּҵ˴򽻵ֻ˵ʢȥǰֳѧãĻֳɽӵĶ硭
ʢԱߵġӡ
ĿƵϡʢѣܿҲųķ΢΢¶һ˿ȣЦӿϣͻȻЦѽⲻǸдֶ𣿡


55 Ӿѩ7
ֳļӿǰغϡվڳǰ, Ȼֳ衢뿵һͬһѧùͬ, ȡ
ǵԶĵӡУǶƷĹְ, λࡢ̫ξʷżйϵѧݳȻ뿵֮ûƽ, ԺвپͶѧҲǳٻ֮, ͨ棬׷ȣΨհ
ѧʱ, ֳ΢, Ը࿣ȵ˳żĶ󡣺ֳ谵д뿵ţżȴ֪Ϊ䵽ȵУ竴Χֳ, ŵ, ֳһ
Դ, ּҵǶھзɿش
Щ鶼Ѿȥ˺ܾãٶȳڳǰֳΪļ, ⶼ˵Ķӳģ
ǰֳüλû˵
Աߵ֮ɫȴһ, ãҪȥֳ뿪ȴѾ߽ǵİ᣺ֶôˣ֮һ㲻ǿ˰ɣ
˵꣬Ա߸ҲôЦ̲סЦʢֳôôһβӺɧ
ʢֳʱ𾪣ڸȺ˳Цֳ裬оǽЦػ˼Ц
˵֮û뵽̬ᷢչˣæڱ粵ȺȺ
߶Ǿеλ竣õļҲƷϹְǵЩǣһȫ֮ӲǺһҲûаЩĻ˵ֻҺֹӲֹϵ
ֹϵֹϵȿ֮ЦȤؿʼֳ衣
ֳѧõʱûٱ裬ӳģƽʱΧµʱһźµӣűȵϷŮ˻Ҫ档Ȼζ˵Ķʹ࣬ǽĿֳϣڵֳһ߷顣
Ȼ˿ֳ̣軹š
ţϲû¶ʹࡢߡµӣֻһ˫۾´Լ·ոֵ˵ǷûжʲôӰ졣
üֳӣȴڸװ磬ĳ۾йתƤǺǰһϸۣɫ糵ĺ󣬵ֱӹȥöԷ㣬Ϣ赭дȻЩӵǡ
˻һ·ıĲϹյû֣·ĳխխҿź;
ûֳƺúͼﲻһˡ
ĿڶԷһۣЩڸɣþոձ۵ĸŮûǰˡ
ֹӣߡԱߵһһ֮޷˵Щˣֳ˺ֳ
ֳ֣ǰЩ˵λ棬ͻʱ
ֳҪߣҲûзԣڴλ
ֳ֮ͣ˿ֳһ˷΢¥ȴӰһΣ߽ȾֱӶſڣӯЦһӡ
״ԪȻҪߣǱһ߰ɡҺֳҲʶûɡ˲ɡ˵ţûߵĸŮӵߵֳߣԷȥ
ȵĿ¶ǣ֮ɵҲ֪ô£һæֳǰȣҪʲôִ˿ǳ͢Ʒ٣˷绯賯٣ֱֱڰܻ㸸׵
üֱһƴȵ֡˲üסԼ֣֮һƷĹҲڱǰĪ˵˶ͨİɡ
֮ɫһ䣬ȴɫһǻȥ
лĶӷڳǺܿӵ֮ȥ֮󼱣æǳ⼸ȴѾЦֳ
⣡
֮ԱߵˣλʶֳѾޱظס֡
ȴûԾֳ赲סΪԷڷȤǰһƽѾ絽ֳߣֳȥ
ֳ裬Źһ㣬СүҲǵһöүǰ̺ˣͷҵֱӸƷɵ͢ξֲֺõĲ²ҪҲաԽֳԽˣ͵սֱۣҪѶԷ۹
Ԥ뵽ֳ赹ӡ
ȻһϢظоһѿסţĶ˲ͣסˡ
ӣҪ˭̺㣿ҲڴʱֳɫǰһôˣͷѾˡ
һ㶣ʶסֵ˺ֳ裬ֳոһֱû˵ڿںǰ˵Ҳһ
ɶԷǵ걻۸õˡ
ϸֳһЦҪ˵䣬ȴȻоֺȻһǴȻһʹ
ɫ˲Ťһ£ûгоԼļҲ˺ݺݵšס˻ûӦô£ǰͻȻһת
!ţԼͷֱײϣ޴졣
ʱײͷۻҪֳ边Ѿĸ첲š
һҽС첲ľʹʹ棬޷̧ͷֻܱߺߵֳ裬㡢㣡
˵һ㡱ûзӦֳôסģǶԷšĸ첲ʹֱ
Ա֮ϷҲǷ׷һ㶡
һʼΪȻֳµģûرߵ˭֪һգ۵ĹԭλȾȻֱӱֳϣⳡлǸӦ
ʲô£ֳôͻȻѰȸסˣ
ԣֳ輸ʱıˣǿ
վſһᣬзӦ˿ǰĳɫһ䣬ȵֳ裡ڸʲô
Ƴһ竣Цһһšȵĸ첲
ٶȷһҽУֳܻ֣裡ôĵӣ
ȴļʶʲô׷׺ȵֳ裬ſӣ
ֳ裬֪ʲô𣿡

Ƿ׷׺Աߵʢ״Ҳŵֳ裡֪˭ǻĶӣ㡢㻹ſ
˽֮ҲǾ㶣ֳ裬ֿȡ״ѾȫֳȾƵķ룬ʱֻз˼Բߡ
ѾмǰҪֳ裬֮л̻̣ҪҪסЩˣȴǰֳЦһ
֪ҵĵˣֳʱһ̤ԭλϣһ׾ٵšȵֱۣЦλҪǰŲھ۶λӵĸ첲
˵ţйȻһֱ۵òҽ
ӵܲǰֻԭֳ裬һƷȻҴӣҪǲ
⻰вֳˣϾȻһ˿Цݡǰݰ׵Цӣ˵Ҵ㣬˵Ҹոմ𣿡
˵ţȻֱӰȵֱ˸
ְ۵ͷ󺹣ֻûУûС
ɫ䣬Ƿǰֳǵв£в
˵㣬˭ûд˭ͻȻѵֳ軹´ص
ûУֳûдңȺ乣æ
˿þ㶡
ǿȣֳֿ裬ֱֳȵһЦһŷһȵ֡
ҪЮ֣ǲֳʱһå磬ֲɵ
ǰֳǻٶǸ˱۸ʱ޿ڽ䣬ǰЦ˴ͥȫͬһˡ
ƫƫֳòŻɫ·أǳĵӰʱüɫЦͬҹޣɫ䡣
ͬ߳ȻûдŹȣĿһƳ棬ȻֱӴȡͲһӳ
㡢ҪʲôȼֳſӶ׼ĵطȻһ
ҪԴϣȴֳһǿӾȻֱӡಡһ֮С
ȴһ
ľֱӴ°ڣûȡ
Ȳоһ˿˿˿ĵطĳλŵֱ壬ʧ
ԱߵҲһ
⿴ȵϷЦݵӣҪǻҪ⣬þڼԹԵشţҪּ棬һ˳ģҪˡ
ƽʱгԵĿܵвʱӶ·ֳּϻӣȫƿڴֻðһ亹
ʱԱ߸ļҲȫҶ˵һ仰
ڵֳǶ˵ֱǸħ
ֳɨһԱߵˣһվջ˲ڵϵĽš
վߣ·ؾ毺ãǷոһĻȫ˲ƿ۵Ĵ
ֹӣ㡢⡭֮ŵ˿϶ֳܵߣȴ˵ʲôĻ
߰ɡ⿴һ۱竴ĸŮܿƿȥ
֮վԭ̾˿ʰֳıӰ׷ȥ
˺ܿӷ΢¥Ķ¥뿪ȺһһӦæȥ鿴ȵơ
ȵĸ첲ֳš˰죬ֶֻʹ÷Ĺͷûйֻۣ˵˽ǣûʲô󰭡
Ǹӡ
ǿӿȵĿм䣬ľ֣Χ˰ķȥŰζϵĸ
ӱγʱȵɫѾһ죬һࡣ
֣裡ʱûֳڣȱ˰ں˳ҵţ


56 ʶö˾ѩ8
ȵ΢¥¥õսľ, ¥·Ҳɵ÷׷һ, ̧ͷۿ¥໥Ե˷¡
ʱ, Ѿ֮һԶˡ
ֳϣĵðߵޣߵ䰵֮һȾ, û뵽;, һ·Ȼ̾˿ֹӣˡ
Ŀתת
һʱΪŮͷ, ֹҲᱻ竾, ֹ֣ܹס竣ֻǡֻǡ˵
ֳܹסɱʵ۵ĺˣ̨ϾʮҲλ˵Ķ֡˱ֳϷŪ, ֮ˬֽ
ʱǽ, ɺҪô죿
Ķ, ֹϳ˿»ͷҪӸ״֮ų, ƹٹ֡Զ֪ԼĶӳԿᰵЩ
֮ȶŵʱ򼸴ֹ, ȻҲȵر
Զ˵ƷĺԺ̶Ǹ΢СɫֳٽƷ͢ξҲЩ˿۵ġ
֮һĵӣЦӲԹصУȼʹûңҲҼ棬Ҳᷢ顣
֮Ȱ⣬ü΢չȴֳǺЦü𣺡ڰС֮֮ܲɣ
ڲ࣬͸ķҾҲù
֮ĿѣȻ뵽ֳȫԡѪӡΪʵ£ΪΪǧɽ鰸Զ˸פ㿴һۡ
Ǹʲôˣ
ΪʲôǵĹٳϻֳ˴ڣ
ֳ֮ݵͦεıȻԾضסŲ硣
*
΢¥˵󲻴˵СҲСշ΢¥вǰȾƵĿˣȺֳͻھ˷
һԶĵճӣһǻε͢ξ䣬ټֳ֮ǰ΢Ĵţִܿˡ
ֺҲֳô£ֳÿζײβȻǹֺ
ʢ״̲סֳֽͻͼӴ׵˵һ
ֺŭɶ޲ҵֳʹһͨ
үҲҪֳ費㻹ʢʢѾöˣٹƾ٣Ҳܿλ϶ֳСҪáԱ߼״æ˵˼䡣
˵ﻰ뵱ﻹõꣿҿûֳôʢ
ֺƽƽɨһۼеӡ
ƢԻ̸ʢʹ˸ɫʢǰ֪ҽЩѧѧѾȹӵˡȹǰʱ仹˵ʶңҸúãͻ˵һٶ
ֺüɫȻԸ⣺ȥѧãͺЩ竻һ𣿡
ǵ˵˾ҪʢЦںȽύԺû·ô
ⳡϵҪǣߴţֺһֳ̼ʮľӪʶĹԱǲ٣ɴȴָǰòͽȥԴ̨ûģֺôϵʢ˿ڣܹͽᵽƺҲ
ֳֻˣȻ˻Ķӡ
ֳӣ鷳һ뵽⣬ֺˣҲǣҲ磬˵ˣĺùӳô
ʢһ£ͷȰ⣬һһһ䣬˵

ϣⷭ˸ӷ
ǲֺû뵽Ϸ˯ײһӳ
ۼ̸۲ݣĬĬ棬ûԱߵֱ͢ξķȥ
͢ξھǶһƧĳųʡв㣬ͥԺۡλÿ˿ȥ¾ЩĺĹһйоء
нĵ͢ξѾ֮ǰѾķֳ칫á͢ξ⣬ֳĵڶĹԱҼרѺⷸˣ͢ξʷСÿһ³һСҪǩֵģ㿪ʼ
飬ĸеĹְ
ȥ϶С
ĬĬתűͷ˼Բߣȴ˴ڵķǰ߹·֮ʱŲ΢΢һ١
ִˣͷиӦƸ۵Ҫ㡣˽Ųֻһ٣䲻
˭ңһ㶣ͣ˱ͷ
ϣԣǱһ֣ҲСĸˣҪִԸȥɣ˵
̧۳˵˿ȥ͢ξƽ֮Ļ˵׼λõġ
͢ξλҼฺɵ񣬽ٳΪսԵʣƺֳ衣
ƽ˾仰ܿˡ
Ĭһ£ûж˵ʲôǰ鿴
Դйܵʵ۵ļνĿ֧룬⿪հȣ⵽ǰжѾǰӦƸۣһ߰˳Ķ顣
ǰˣһڵǼӦƸ֮˵ƣڶǰˣһĸü۶òʣһɫ£һѳԼߵȻʮ졣
ڵǼг̧ͷȥһ࿡ĹҲǹװ׾Ǻÿϴ͢ξƵɫɫƷˣӡдƷְķݵס
ִˣɫµ̳
죿Ҳһ¡
˿ɲǱˣֳɽƷξ졣
컹ڰ֮ǰʱѾȥϺɫ£һܵ͢ξţ
Ѿڳľмܵǰϸϸؿֳ裬ü¶һ˿ϲɫ̫ˣִȻ
һᣬҵԼ죬㲻ɽξôǣ
ɽ˵ȥξϻŰȻոյǵģֳоȣܿЦξò˺ܾãǾִ˻졣
ƿڣ²ӣܿüξǲ㡭
ξͨԽз䣬ٲҲڱĹ͢ξеİۣڳ͢ٺ»棬ʱıƣݵλ϶Ȳξ
ȴһ˿󣺡ִˣԼľϴʧ٣ҵáȻڽûʲôҲϰһЩȭţԱִ
ģĬĬؿϵĵ
֮ǰ֪ɽñٵʱǵĹ죬𡢻ꪵ̸е֪ѾӶݣԷġ˭֪ôãȻԼ
ִˣ㲻᲻Ұɣʵ
ôᡣ
ϲæֺͳ߶˼䡣ڴˣ̲סЩɽĺ
ܿ콫ԼδһڽپʵĽѣ͵ˮ·ϵ·ߵ˵һ顣
ԭЩٱϣþʯ뿵־Ȼ·⡣
ⰵ켸ۣȴ˵߼ִˣɽʱһֱΪ飬ֱǰ²˵ѻؾ̹һ㡣ִˣ쵽Ƿʲô飿
ձȺ˰ܣһֳֽҾȳҲѡ⳶
պ˵һͨȴ۾һϲǸǲǳΪӢɽկҲײһַͦǳŵ˺ü书ǿˣһа٣ʮֵ磡
⻰Ҫôӡ
Ĭһ¡
ò⣬Щ˷ܡ״͢ξкУʽ¼İۣרŹ͢ξǲ
ǻʵίɿսˣ͢ξû˵ʲôдʱҼһ·䲻ؿֳüۡ
û⣬첻Զǧǣһţѯס
ǣлû֮ʱסڿջ֮УЩȥɫӡ֮ң䱻ĸԣʱ׼ȴǳ㣬㹻һЩɹھǰ
ŵͷ˿ջŻصָ
ҹָѹأֱӷǽ̤Ÿзһ·Լķ䣬Ŵӷ£ִ򿪷š
ġ
ѾӦϷţص͵ơ
͵ƻ
ֳ˿תͷȥһתͷ齱һӰţǺӰһɫ£θͷڣɢڼ磬ޱߣһ˫Ȫ۾ӳ͵ƵĻ⣬̧

һµ˿˲们䣬ڵϣἫϸײ
˵ĿҲϵ˿£̧𣬳
忡
ʡϣôˣ
վſڣϳ͵ƵһᣬٿطӦæ°Ϲȥ
׿ڵϣôҲ벻ʱȻԼķ
ôˣһԵվûз֣
ҡʲô
ⶢŵϵ˿ȴһϢĽŲ
ֳ裬ⲻö񡣡鳯˹ͷǰվţ˵Խҽ飬ߡ


57 ¾ѩ9
⸩ڵϵ΢΢̧̧ɫ°, Ŵ, ȴĬȻ
з紵΢, ÷һһݵӰҡҷζ
ؿǰݵ˵Ϥı
˽ֹĳĬ˺һֳĺ󱳲Ŷ˶ڵϿڡ
عӡڰķ
š£ееɿ, չ
ʵӦ, ֿʼĬվǰԼ˵ֻüӲͷƤعӣҹ, ôӹˡҡⷿª, ӲҪ⡣
˵ǿŵ˵ģ˵֮Ա۾
أվڳǰЬڶ˶ȵĽŲ졣һ, ͷϴ˹
ͦªġ, ƵЦ, ҵһεָΪߴ˷䡣
ôģ
ָֺ, ǻʵԹȻĵش£ƽ˾ӣѲɽҲǺһṦɹģ
۾, ΢΢һ㶣ʶؿ顣ֻλƽʱ߸ϵĻʵ۴ʱعЦ
ʵ۸֣ȫû͵͵Ǳ˼еԾͦ˻׿ڡ
ֻǸĵطֻܽһ£˵ں־ЩΣæתƻعӣʲô𣿡
鿴⣬ɨһֳ軹ŵ˫ϥ¶ЦݣֳԱ߾ߵľߡ
Ŀſȥֻľϲ֪ʲôʱ򾹷һʳУʳοջƣϸʮ־£ȻǻʹƷ
Ѿ򿪺иǣʳȡ̵ģһһꡣ
ϴţҿһֱڳ⼸ƷЩȽ϶θڣұصЩ嵭ʳӹ
⿴ô˴
ѾĿٶȿֳ衣Ŀٶӣֳֵ裬˵ˣҲ񡣡
⣺
Ļ˵Σֻôӵԭһһֱû£ֻߵߣС¡
Ѿں˵ĺɨ˼ۣȷʵ쳢ʳ
ǰΪ͹ԭθԵĶ嵭ΪڴԽԺ󼴱ֳҲûиĹǰϰߡԭΪԼĹͣû뵽һ죬ȻҲ˷ʳƫá
˻ǽ顣
ʲôѽ
ǰ硣
黹ڿ
ع㡭⡢Ҳ˰ɡЦʰ꣬˿Ʒ
ѾԹţʱöڼճҲ壬ڸгúãȷʵϲԵ͡
ּһ顣
鿴ЦؿֳĲΪҨҨߵؾѾЩʱˣ͢ξɻϰߣ
ԸĶһ£ܿЦ
áص
ô˵ʵϣ͢ξʵڹ沢ܻӭ͢ξҼڹþãȨһսȻƷߣȨܿգҼ࿴˳ۣԺ϶Ұӡ
Щʳٵʱͳһ飬ﶼһҲû⣬ûҪҪ˵
鿴ųƵӣĬһᣬܿȻЦ𡣼ȻǱ͢ξλãûʲô£Ӧû㲻šպиʵģٸ㰲š
Źλ
üȻһҪ顣
Զµʱ㡣ô鿪ڣȴѾҨƵǰѯʵͻ
״ˣﾪ̾˼ӹ룬صһ£ô˵ҵģ
ü΢Ҳûʲôֻ˵Ĵԣ˵㲻ʺΪ١
ֳĴԣɲһ䡣
⵷һ٣ԼߵĽ飬ƽͣǹӣҨߺȱߵҺйìܣЩС£Ϊᡣ
㵽Ϊֹ㲻ټ˵ȥϾǰ˵ĳǸ¿Ѿ壬졣
أʵ
⣺
ոʵ˳æ£ͷȴ黹ߣйӳգĽӴӰԼӰ

˲ߵգֱֻӣ΢¥顣
ֳɫᣬʱֵҹ죬տգŷ⣬ߣЩʵ
鿴ֳ۽üҵ飬Щ㱣ֱֳͣ£Ȼع
žӡ֪Ѿ壬ûԼвȵ飬ɿһ
鴹Ц
˫޹۾
ԶƿѾãǰƱڸأɽᵳ˽Ӫϵ۸ӡ룬˵ȵλʱҲ䲼¹ƣֻǺͻȻݱһҲûġ
Ѿжʱգǰչ磬֮ԣȻҲ֪ȵͻȻݱ󣬽ΣԴЯڵλϵ顣
һڰѸոǼҪ˵˳عӣһ󡣡
£ʵ
꣬ۿ棬룬Ǽϣ͢ξĹְã΢ȴ̫һЩίЩ΢롣
˵⻰ʱ¸˳ƺѾλվ
Ӧ֪΢Щ顣
һ㶡
ֳѾϹȥ
ٶȸһ󱳣Žŵǰø
ԭϵЦһһ㽩סٿս֣üֳ裬ʲô֪֪塭
˵⣬Ȼֹס
Ѿڵ̧ͷŽͣ£ش
ʲô
ȥҪȥѾϺܾˡ
ϳȫ
飺
žҹþȻҲ
ɫϵɿ£ʮָЦ
ã޻ÿǡ
ϣ̧ۿŽ顣
ְ䣬ӣҲÿ鶼ʺϰȥ֣סе̧޻ϡ
ѡ
ҹɫְЩϢһһߵٹˡ
⿴Ž飬ȴֻһӰ
Ĭʼʰһһ̵ĵġȴǰ΢΢ͷķǰɣ޸ջٹ
΢΢һ㵵ؿŽ飬ȴǰѾ򿪷ţȥ
̫ԼգŲһ٣

û˵ɫ뷢ɫͺҹû߼ãҹɫС
ſڴΨʣҹ룬ٶҡڡ
վſڣŽҹɫ˼ԾϷػΪһɫʧԼ֮С
Ǵġ
ļӿĪȻؿǰĺҹ
*
һҹȻʮߣֱ賿ʱ˯һСᡣ
ڶó٣⵽͢ξŵʱֻڵͥԺ˲ٰۺ͢ξʷվŽͷӶЩ˵ӣȵٷ͢ξֵʱ򣬺Ϣһ£һֳ衣
ǰЩӲûôɢ˼ǰͥüֱЩ֡
ŵʱն̣ʶ˲࣬Ψһ˼Ҵææӹ߳
ִˡ
Ѿ˰۵·ʱ£첽ֳɫҴңϴɫǰˬģ
ôˣ״ʵ
ţ͢ξֳ裬ǰ˼䣬ŵ֪ԭίʱ⣬ֳһߣüִˣˡ
˲д󣬳üܿͣһ£õ
峿ҹ˵ָ̻û˽ӦŲ鿴ۡ£ԶһҰ۹ʮˣȫڸС˶ٵîʱֵģڹѾˡ
ʮˡأȻ뵽ԶĶӡ
˵ҲˡƵ
һ㶣˲Ⱥ͢ξĹΪùԼԭˡ
Ҳ˵˳ȵ飬ͷ۵ˣҼ磬֪ϢѾǰ̽˵ǣƷԱܿҪ͢ξ졣ִˣô죿
Ǹֳģ֪ȻΪֳż
ȷʵش󰸼üܿӦҲȥ


58 ͬһֶѩ10
ĸۡλھǱǣڹסĽ, иֳ֡쵽Զ֮ʱ, ֻѾΧפſվдź¾׵, Ҳµ͢ξģŵ˸һ࣬סͷĹۿ·ˡ
ʱۼ㣬쵱ȽȺ, ֳ迪·
˶Ǵ͢ξװ, Աߵ˷׷׿һۣĿⴥʱ򣬷׷һ, ܿ콻ͷӶص
ִˡ͢ξ, ſڵİ΢΢
ԱԣҲɵôֳ
λƽʱԶյüȴϴ͢ξŵװ, һ, ĵʹŵĲһ, Ů˻Ҫףȥһ㶼ûӡ
Ƕ࿴˳⼸ۡû˵۹, ֱӽ
ǰӭ͵ǰԺԺǰһձںبԼһ, žϸɽˮ羰ߵǽһ֣ǽڱߣһ˫ЬӴǽں¶Ь⳯죬ŤŤصš
һֳ衣ĬһᣬܿѾʰЬ洦ȥ
ߵýˣӽǿʼձںȻбһˣϴŵ۵װ磬һƬ촽ϣ۾۰׷ϣѾûϢ
ǽһȳζ
ü̧ȥֻԺǰԺﻹ߾ʬ壬״ձڱʬ״ͬ
ִˣЩ˺жġ츩ڱʬԱ߲鿴
ⲻÿɷߵе졣
ԺǰѾʬ壬ԱйԼ¼һ·ʽֳֻͬΪȵ˴̧ͷһ£ֳ裬üͷһ¾
ִˣôˣ͢ξҼ߽͢ξƽ˾ְڣͬΪ͢ξ˵֡
£ֳǰһʬ鿴
ֳ߽ÿʬǰͣһߣŲӣüԽԽ˵ʲôվǰ
ԶʬģһǴִ˷ʵ
ֳ߽һۣ粵̵ŷ
ŷ
΢΢һ㶣뵽ǰЩߵ״̴ŷѰȥδȴѾʮɶӣ̧ŵܴŷг
ǵڸŰײĶεĹ״ȻЩʬ塣
վԭأܶԱһһ߹һܣƿײһۡ
ײŵһʮҵŮӣʱ۾հأ¶һ˿۷죬ɫҲһƬϡ
ĬĬؿٿסǸ˵°͡⸾Ѿ˶ʱʬѾʼӲⰵܿʬ΢ţ¶ȺڵĿǻ
״ʵϤóܿ뵽ǰɱԼľģԼﳡΧԵʱԴʿ
ܿͬһֶ
ü֪ԴʿֶմĶϢĶԴѾˣỹֶ
ʲôڳ˼ʱŷ˵ĺֹ
ɿ֣תͷԴȥֻŷſѾվһ͢ξΣ͢ξƽž׹ٷƷ壬һ˻ֳһƷĹ
ƽгţÿһ͢ξڷʬ壬һʼΪĸ͢ξʷԷתͷ¶һգ΢΢һ㶣üִˣ
˾ֳ裿
׵ĹԱԿʼͻȻʬˡ
ֳȴûд𻰣ʵôôͰʬ壿
ǳسʬƽֳ裬ܿѾˣʬô˴»⸮Ѿ˺ܶˣٲ˿͡
˵ţִôʬ壬ѵʲô뷨
°ײûд𻰡
ƽȴضֳ裬صѵãִôڹţ»һţ
͢ξ䣬𣿡ƽ˵һֱ̧ʵ
ƽлвм֮⣬ؿֳ裬ûٴ𻰡
Աߵľ׹Ҳֳ衣
ûƽ뿪ŷԺȥ
ƽ״Цһλ׵Ĺǣܿʰϣβֳ
˾ڼֳ裬뵽͢ξĴţɫ΢΢һ䣬æִˣڻ㣬ô죿
²Ͷֳ裬ձŹԣִھĶ䣬ǰջĴӲϣҪֳ̨£ֳ赱֮С
Щ˵Ϊǵȴһ㶼š
ԡ
ִô˵
ֳζһɽ˷ˣɽϸһ򣬸ˣе塣ĴôǶ䡣
ˣ£ĺִ˻ᱻҥˣܵǣ
ԵסƽֳĿ⣬ǰֳŲ΢΢һ٣ͣ
һ㶣ΪִҪ˵ʲôæǰȴֳǰһʬ壬ʬ忴ȥΪᣬĳɴһ˫Ťץʮָ˰ŵ棬¶УʹŤһ˫۾ضǰ
ķǺԺĺţֻɵľ롣
ϵʬ󲿷ֶǰԺУΨһûںԺĲݴС
ʬ岻Ǳˣȡ
пһ£ȴƽѾִˣӦʶǰ˰ɣ
⿴Ŀ˫ۣڶԷĴڴͣһᣬջĿʵˣ鵽ŵ𣿡
ûдԼ⣬ֱ˸⡣
Ȼй
ƽ΢飬ՆԶ׼ǱɱȻǵʳͶ
ʳͶſڵߺҪνͣʵ
ƽ΢΢һ㶣šüҺ;Ѿ֤ϵۣŷĳӲ֮УѾӳ
ԶŷڣӦʳĳȴûӰȷʵܿɡ
˵ͷǳΪҪͶеĲȱ٣
ƽֳıӰִƺԴΪģĿǰǾ׵ڲ죬ҺҼ˶ֻ˳Ҫ͢ξӹܴ£ÿ顣
˵ţѾ۹ȵʬ塣ûǰģΨһֵ࣬ʬ彩Ӳ˵˷һŽʬڵϡ
ײϣסŤ״
⿴һᣬûת򿪺ţ뿪
Ҳų뿪֮ʱüִˣΣ²ǳΪ
Ҳ뷨ʵ
ǡʣܿɽξ֮ʱҲͶͶѰı˪Ҽ˵״˪жһжԱ˪Ҫҡ
˵Ŷ˶٣ǳǽˣͨ˿¼ҵ˪ԻǿĶ
ϰգȻ콭ȴҲϵĴš
̾¿϶ǳġ
˵ţһΧǽ˼ز۽һһ΢΢һ㶣üͣ½Ų
ôˣִˣʵ
ʱͷѾӸ߿£ӳĳֶŹâǹⲢǿѰ·Ҳײڳ˵ȴʮֵϤ
ɫ΢ܿߵǽǱߡ
ǽӲȥ˲ݺûʲô۾ȴִӲݴһ飬óһ
Уֱֳõ£ŷִŵһ룬볤һ磬⣬ϸÿС
롭
·ˣ쾪
·ǴǰֳߵĻɽʱλ·ʹðԵУһʼɽϲ֪Էʹõʲôֱɽ֮Ⱥ֮˵࣬ŷ·ʹľִŵһ롣
ô·˵룿
ĬĬؿ˫һѾʧС
ʲôַ
һ㶣ȴֳѾվ·Ҫ񣬹²
ִ˷ġܿ׵ҾԲ˽𡣡
룬üĵȴӿϡ
һ·ͨһֱΪ£϶ɺϡʱѵһͽйأ


59 콵ѩ11
ҹһ𡭡ԳԽж˽⣬ɱ, ϶ͶôػصֶΡ
ӦòǽΪ
Ժկ쮱ɱľ, Ĭǰȥ
ﻹǼǹֳǣʵִ, ˵ɱ˲ǳΪǲп
ûСǰ棬̧ͷ۽ͷ΢µҲ˵, һͨĳӲܻôԵĶ, һûŷӦǺ¶
ʳͶ¶һּƲߡճ֮ǰĶԣѪ, ֮, ʮΣա鸮ϵ۲ͬʱһͬʳһ˳ж֢״Ӧûᱻ˷ֲǡ
ִ˵˼ǣһ, ˼
ŷԶ, ӦһġԼƿײ龰, һ, ûжĺۼȷʵʳ£ǽͥԺһ, ״ܿǷԶ״ȷŵǰԺ
ȻӦôͬʱ֮˲ֹһˡ
һôͬʱŵôֳۣ˵ֻô˲룬Ļɴӡ
ĻӦò򵥡
ֻϧֳѾɨǲûп
̾˿ֳ践͢ξ˸ӶܳڣǴų͢ĹٷʮĿ·ϱòפؿ
ȵٽʱмվſڡ⼸ԶԶؿܿҴææ븮С
пÿһ£ȴԱߵִûֻǽ䣬ѰˮԴϴ
󣬳ֻصԼİ칫䣬¿ʼϵİ
վԱߣֳü۵ʹؿҳ˵ʱɽõʱӣݲȣء
ȥɡֳӱߵӦûʲôˡ
Ҳá˵ͷ
ҲִڵһʼΪֳƻɽҪϽίΣǰһκеֲһ
ⲢûбֳʲôҲûʲô˵ġ
ţҪˣȻ˵ſڴȴȻǰ͢ξ˶һһݣƽҼ߽
Ҽ棬ΧŲͬڹۿһһ˽
۴ˡߴˡ
ƽ߽ɨһۣƽмջĿ⣬߽ҲüֱӴ߾ſ뷿䡣
ĳѣ̧ۡ
ִˡƽܿǰվݲݵով˴ϢĳҲѾˣոոʬĺ棬˴
šͷʾס
˴඼ѱǳӲûԴùĶҲ϶⡣
ȴڸ⣬ֱ˷֣е⡣
ü
ƽִ棬ȴײԱ߽ĸ첲
߽ϳһ˿ΣƽɫǸɿһִˣڴҶڻǳǱɱڵġ
šӦ
ӣ߽ȥֲÿˣƽ
ƽüߴˣܿң¿ɲǾڻɡղҲ˵ˣҪһѯִˡ
߽ƽףƤʱӲس鴤
ҾֱӿˡƽѾȥִˣ
ʵֳȥûԶɫ˲һ䣬ֿ߻ִ˼ҴɽͶھ¥Էôʲô˼
˵ţһԾվֳԱߣҲͬƽһϵŵĵ
Ҳƹһطΰ٣Ʋ
ƽϵĵĵǴԼҴģ͢ξ䷢ĲͬбʯǶֵһֵӡ
ƽĿʱֳ֮Ѳ
Ź֣Ȼ뵽֮ǰֳĴţа⣬æֳ衣
ֳʱǰٶׯʡ
ֳ贫ΣϺ˭һ𣬶Ҫɡ
Ȼƽ¶мɫڻִ˺ȵйϵ
˵ǻִˣ֤ݣʵ
ƽ϶û֤ݣٳѾбżѹֳ衣
ȻԱҼ߽ѾѾֻڻɣִ˾ڼǰȻйִ¾Ǵ˶֪ˡȲҶڲ²֡ˣӦ֤һףЩҥԴǡ
ڵ˷׷׸OO@@Ӧǡ
ƽҲǳʱԼĸʱִӦòԼºȾƺȵôɣ֮󣬴ȥģ
ʻһڳ˶ֳϡ
бʣպֿҹѾˣȻǻظϢ
֤ƽͻȻʵ
ü
ƽֳϵɫܿЦ˵ָϵĶ˵ִڸʱӰûִ֪ûлظ
ʢ⡣
ⲻŭЦͱ˵ӣһ۴ˣڵң㲻˵ⰸӻûɵ͢ξôε͢ξ䣬ǲ̫ļһ㣿
ƽ
ôĹ٣Ȼûʵѹƽü
߽Ҳüȴǲִˣǿս͢ξûᱻ͢ξܣҪǲƽڿڡ
һֱΪֳͻȻ͢ξλĻʱͬʱѣȻнⷢӵĺۼ
ҹؼ֮ŷ£һֱĽ飬ȷʵûܹ֤صָ
Ҳ̤ܶ
üȴŴһӵ
ǶΧʲôôû¸ǲҶȥ׵飡ͷһУһ
ǣ͢ξˡ洫Ų㽥ɢˡ
ƽ߽һ㶣û뵽͢ξʱţæתȥֻһƫֵӴһƷٷӣɫܰףȥΪ̬ε͢ξա
ˡҼ
Ϲٷö̬ĶҲһסһɨˣȴûкǳ⣬ֻǵͷԸ˶ڣѾãҽɡ
߽ƽһۡ
ùµĶȥյζΪ飬ǱߵˣͻȻ飬϶ƶòֹۡ
˵ţ̬ƣһǶԾ㣬˵ɫ¡
ǡҼӦ
͢ξѾãֶ˼䡣
һ˽¾Ҫίɰˡ
ҼͷȴǸµֳϿһۡ
Ҳ͢ξҪ˰ġ
ֻգų͢ξҼһȥ
йյİţ͢ξʹȥ
Ӻܿнţһͣ¡³ͣλȴ֮ǰʱ̸ͣԶкǽߣȥϣӦǻʵǰ칫ĳ
ǰйǰ·
յл͢ξһᣬһʼԺ䣬Ժű鷿࣬зɣһųӰվ


60 ޾ѩ12
͢ξմ͢ξֳ裬͢ξƽ͢ξҼ߽ǰſվŵ, ΢ֵܿ칪ݵڵء
⡢Ҽ״׷ΰݡ
ɡﴫһ, ȴǳϤĽ
ԥһ£û˷, ֻڡںܿ췢վŵһƷԱ·ԼʮңòƤ, ȥϵºۼ, ϡԿ֮ʱӦǸӢˡ
ոһǴ˵ķģƷӦñĸ󳼡෽Ǭ
Ǭһ, ǰһ, ϴĿۣкɫƣ, ͢ξ˽, ϴµʮҡ, ¶̧ӡ
ԽſڴˣܿǸ³Ĭߵϡ
ƲĿ, ̧ۿ飬ȴû˵ܿջĿ, ֮͢ξ洹վ
ǬŽ飬ȴûע⵽Ŀ⣬͢ξˣֳ΢΢˶ڵˣΰ͢ξУӦ֪Ϊʲôɣ
λڵʮ
࣬ϣ鳼Ѿ֪ϤǳĹԱʱʻֻùֵΪҳ֧Ŵ֮ʱҲǷǳ𾪡
һ׹ٻǬЦ˵͢ξˣƹƷԱϵİƹ̫ξĴ󰸵ģԶİôüĿ
֮Σ͢ξѵֳ鿴֮Сյ
ŶԶѾʮ꣬һֱҵұۣһնҵ֡ǬӰԶ͢ξܵ
ҡ
͢ξ˵˵ڲ鵽ʲôǬ
෢ʲϣɼȨƼ󣬹ձ亹ϵĻʵۡ
ȴʮɫû¶ʲô飬ζӺĿԼԼڿ͢ξߣȴС
͢ξѾվΪ˵࣬¹ٺһǰ˾жһӶݣھĺӵҹʱڵ飬¹ٵĲ²⣬˰ָʹͶ֮ɱ˷ڡ
ʲô֮ˣʵ
ⰸոս緢δƽ͢ξôưġ߽˲ĬĿȴ̲סվǰ͢ξ䣬ֹ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥɫһ˵͢ξҲ˺йԹɣԶûڱǰû͢ξ֡
ԶΪӵ黹ǰ״֪ϡ档̧Ǭ
λ͢ξƽͷĿȴб߽ԿԷﰵصһ˿Ū
üҪ˵ȴǬģ鹰ֵϣԶ˺˽ҲĶ˵㣬ͻҲֳֻһˡ
һֱڰǰûзʱǬĿڴӳŲŲ
ʵ
ǬЦתֳʵֳ裬㣬ҹʱȥ
ʱǴ󲿷Ѿ˯ʱ䣬޵ģô֤ˣ
ⷽǬڹ
üû
ƽ߽ոҲʹһΣֳ貢ش𡣴ʱֳ豻ʣȴһ˿ϲ
ֳ裬ô𻰣ֳȻ
һʻֳ밲û
Ҽ״ԵŷǬҪôԸֳ裬ȴȻһֳȵ
࣬δְ̫ˡǰ̨׵ϣ˵ǵĻʵۡ
ڸֳΧ
Ҽɫһ䣬Ҳ۾ķȥ
Ȼһ̣ȴ
ҹʱְһ𡣡
Ŀɨڳˡ

Ϻֳһ
Ҽࡢࡢսһ㶡
Ҳһ㶣ԭŵ۾΢΢̧̧ؿ顣
Ӧûж˻֪û뵽Լ˵ǰĻʵֻۣߣԭֻǶƺûô̰壬˴ѾṴʮ켰£۾ƺһ£ֳЦְ䣬˵ǰɣ
㵵ؿŽգȴоĪضһ¡
̵ü
ǡ
͢ξҼࡢࣺ
ôˣϺֳһʲô
Ϻܿ¶Źֵɫƽ߽໥һۣԿ໥ز𺳣ǬȴüͷĿڽֳ֮Ѳ
࣬㻹ʲôҪְ𣿡ûȷǬѣֿڵ˵ǳӵ޿ȷֳ費֡
Ǭ
⣺
ϾȻάֳ裬ƽ߽ؿǰֳ裬תΪ⡣
нֳάǬֻգ鹰ֵϣԶһ·ھǣ֮ӰҳϣΪⰸ뾡ơ
ü
ٸ£ϾҪǰɽ棬²ϡǬֵˣⰸƽǹ𣬱ڰи
ӲͷƤࡢϣ͢ξ߾ȫ
Ʋⰸӣҿ͢ξҲһˡǬ
͢ξҼࣺ
ƽ߽ٸѹ˲ǵһ鰸ˣĵԶһôˣӵҲѾˣһʱѽ᰸
⻰൱ڰƲԶİڳ͢ξְõ
˺̨һ㣬쵽λѾף±ְ
ƽҧǰֳ裬ȴǰ͢ξƽûһڵĵӡ
ǿսĹְлʵţȻҪġ
ƽ߽ԲԼͬ롣Ȼ뵽˴ǰĻֿ˵
ְͲزˡ֤˰໳ɣӦӡ͢ξ鰸һ»ģֳһסʵ۵
͢ξˡࣺ
⣺
ƽ߽Ż˿Ѫ
λ͢ξҼ෢Լոպ̫ˡֳǲõĹְ飬лʵţλʵҪ˻ˮ
ʲôÿ쿴ֳڹôкʲôֳǵĹλ˺ܷ޺ޣⶼǶֳ迴˳۵ı󡭡˼͢ξ䣬ʵǻʵصذŹְģ
ƾʲô
Ҽüвȴֲڻʵǰ
ջͷۺֳ裬̾˿Ҫת˵ǡ
ȻʱֳüͷȴȻһ˲̧ͷŽ飬һ͢ξС
Ҫʲôһ㶡
ȴֳѾݣԽɤڵ
ϣ˰鸴ӣ΢йìܣ塣ϸ΢һλᡣ


61 ǹѩ13
·ߵ벻ɺϣⰸӶǺͽйءȻ¹ϵʵ, ֳ͢ξ, ʲôԭɲ顣
˵, ΪļĿⶼҼľȣйյżҲ̽
ǰ, Ҳų⡣ʱֳǻվǰ, ǰȴԡѪıӰȻһŷڰϵ, ָϻһۡ
һ, ſڣǰΣְ䣬ǲ͢ˣ˰참꣬ḻ, ϶ࡣ
ɫһ䣺΢һ͢ξ, ֻϺ͢ξ˷ǡ
ȴĻ˵أ
, ˰ȷӡճվֳߣ, Ϸģ֤ס
⣺
ΪʲôܱܿĻ
ǰֽӲڰա
ҼԼֳ֮ĲѰ
ǬҲ΢΢, ֳ裬Īظһ˿Цݡ
ȴѾûϼˣ͢ξȻȥв鰸нչգǵüʱ㱨
⻰ڴ͢ξ˻ȥش֡
ջشӦǣ˹뿪
Ҳֻøڹ˳µĹ
⹬ʱлųȥʱ㾰Ժǰֻҫʼȵ÷ơ
´͢ξһ뿪»صֲ˲ͷϵĺȵгʹŻغһ·亹ʪ͸·
ε͢ξıȽ֣ǱȽ׳
ƽĬһ£ŵˣ˴ΰжЧʣ²ôò飬ֻô̵ʱޣǲǣ
ԶͷһֱһϵԶһʧһԱ󽫣׷϶ǻ׷𡣡տ⾰󣬼ǳ˵Ľֵ̾˿͢ξΪֱϽǰԴİϳͷѾâ̫Զ£϶Ҳнѹǹ˼
ƽ߽ĬȻ
ⰸڶʱưãһϳˣЩûʲǫ̂˵ʱ¶ùǺ
˵ϣ˲ֳλϿȥ
ֳԹг֮һֱûʱüųİ棬Ҳ֪Щʲô
毺ãͨҪעĿһЩɲ֪ģƽ߽һۿȥֳ˿ƺԵЩį
Ҽ࿴ô˴λ͢ξǵԩʱ򣬶û¶顣
ôˣ
䣬û鰸϶ҲĵҲֳ費Եĵط˵⼸ŵ˶ȥ鰸ҪජЩˡ
áԻ񣬵ͷ
Ӧûġȵеʱ³͹˵˼䣬תصڡ
ǿֳϣȴĪظоĵ⡣
ֳ߽ȥıڰ಻סʵˣ֪˵׺ͻʲôϵ𣿡
һʼֳǻʵſԲ鰸ӣڹеʱֳӧȴֱأǶٻǸе⡣
ʲôϵҲֳıӰغǺЦǵϴΧԣֳΪϵڹŹһˡ
ﳡλУտǿϱѪܵ½۴ĳ˵߽ѣۼ׵ӽ쵶ӳ˵ʲôϵ
߽ƽһ㶡
ﳡΧԵʱ߽ڹ칫ƽȥμ˵ֳµʱѽɽҰԵ𣬳ֻ֪֮ʵֳ̣軤йϢʱϢʱԼôϻȺ£ȴû뵽ֳ˵ôء
ƹᴩؿڣҪ˵
մ߽ؿڣֿüƽһֳۣ֮ܿ챻Ϊɽʷ˱ɽ˶ΪɣҪ֪͢ξ֮ǰյЩ⵹Դɽʵ֤ɶֳռġ
߽ƽһ㶡֮ǰܹ֮͢ξ֮⵹ԴҪľǿɽǱ͹Դɽ֤˭û뵽֤Ȼֳôصȥġ
̫ξʲôˣǰҳȨôյʱֳȥɽ鰸ǸҲңţȥɽ鰸ʱԴȥɱ֣һ˰ĲŻ
߽ƽһۣǰ͢ξĹͣȻǽڴɽĻϣɫʱ
ôһ͢ξ䡣տԼ֣һɸֵԴǽֽǲǣȻΪ˸λø㵽ԼͷϣϹӴôãڻǰ㶪档㿴Ƕɶ⣡
ˣⲻһʼҲ֪߽Ĭ˻ᣬ
ƽҲζ֮ǰֳĴţΪԷֻǹְεĹϵǸĶ䣬һֱûֳɫȴû뵽ԼԴһýͺðķҲĹ͡
ʼʵΪʲôôáڣҲˡ
Ҳû˵ô˰⡭ƽкڣ״εˣҪôźã
Щ黹˵ҼһһֵͣҪ鵱Ȼǲ鰸Ȼǻô
Ҽࣺ
µ۵ǻǳ£ҲЩ˴չʱ򡣡յ˲ҪǰССݣѧѧǵֳ裬ĹٵӹǶǿһǰߡⰸѲҲò飬鲻Ҷţ»ϺͷǬģһʱỹ
ǣƽ߽Ȼʱ
˼£ԽԽȵͷһԸҼ༸䡣
ƽ̵߽ͷ漴תȥʵ
͢ξ˺ܿ쿪ʼæһǰȥϷõˣҼһĵ鿪ʼַò·֡ȥׯ鿴˺ͳӵʬ塣
͢ξߴߴ۵˺ܿˣ챾տ⣬ȴֱɸգڹǲ
ټźֻܿʣ³ͼڵ
ȵʱͬһзã·ͷصָľ
סķڣҹʳС
⿴һۣĬĬؽʳи鵽һߣȡˮųͷתֳ¹˼ͨʽ·
ͷϵŷڣ˰ɫķһɫһֳշɿȥһһʷݵȡ֮
һƳľӣȷԼò
۽΢üеɫĿǰһֱûѪɫĴҲΪȬɫǴӳɽׯԺļ
һۿߵµĴھ£ĵذ͵һ£һײŵĳٿشӴ״ܳһѱ
ҹɫܿͰˡ
⿴ɫ뿪䣬ݱԾϷķȥ
Ѿ͢ξ;׵Χסκ˵Ƚ롣ֳݱ˲鰸ʸ޷˳ؽ븮У㻻һȥ¡
ԶΣһֻԭһԭǱһǷڡ
֪ͶһһΪȻñ֪ݣĶܾܿΪԶ֪ʲôɱ֮
ǵȥ鿴
Ṧӣܿ쵽ܡ͢ξſڵֵأһǽһԾŷ
ŷʳ׸Ѿ͢ξûʲôۼ
⿴һȦǰһ·߲ߣԶ޾ӡ
Զ޾ӱ룬ֵƵǶűʯĹҽûбֻõһκб򿪣տҲֻɢżɢ顣
⿴ؿκǰŵľӴӳŶĴ齣Ϸһյ̨ͷ߻һ֧ϸϸëʡ
ѵ˯ʱдģ
ü߹ȥ죬ϸϸһͷһ˿ϸ΢ķη϶
ⴲ崦и壿
һƿʹǷεĸǰƿȻһΰ״ո
ոȻǷʲôܵĶȻʱһۿȥȴʲôûС
ѵѾˣ
üո¸ϣһ˼һ̻شʶ֮ȴȻһͨ춯
ţԶ춯
һ¾ѣǱǰȥۿȴǰ治ԶĵĽŲһУһߴϢ
ȡϢƴѹֵʹࡣ
ڣϸȴһЩϤӰŲ鸡ԺзԱߵľײײƶ
ýˣɫ˵ĿֻϿŰߣһѻ棬΢ȥա
װ缴ʹһҲܽ˹ĿԺ˲両һ֡
ǣ
ǰǰɽ鰸;һѻӣԳǡǡΪейһν֣Ϊг书ߡ
ȥû뵽ھˡ
һ㶣ȴǺӰ֡һ׷ϵܲ˶ԶˣѶ
Գƺĳ֡
ѻ֮˿ȥȴǰ˼һŰڵϾΣ
˭Ҳʱѡ
ãǹģ׷ڵǺȺ˵
Ȼô죿
ݱĶӦûˡһ˵䵽ٸҲʬһ߿˿ڣȻȥʹ档
Ҳá˲ǰܿش롣
Ǳڰܿ쿴۾ŻԺڵϳ鴤ĵǣǰһǵ죬Ѹٷһǽ棬ȵϡ
ȴѾ˿ʼ鴤ƴץųֱۣѻϵһ˫۾Ͽʼס
ȡҡʶ룬ûϴǰ˵ģץ˼£ܿȥ
⿴ж֢״ü΢˷ڿվĵϡ
ܿ
Լһ˿һ͸淺Ű⡣
ڡ⴦


62 Ǹྩѩ13
⿴΢Զ, ָָܿŵĵǣԽҽⶾ𣿡

΢⴦, Ĭһ£Ӧѧⶾ֮ȷмõҽͽⶾؼ, ѧҿȡ㡣
γĻشϣûóֱ֡һ㶣㲻ܽⶾ
֮һǧ򻯣ʱСϵͳشֱ˵, ûзס
⣺
ü, ĿڳĹϣֿѾʡµĵǡ
еĶ֢״ȵ״񣬵Ҳ֪ǵ֧, һʱỹûж, ɶȥǳ顣
ܿ죬ǺѾŨصϢȥ
ٹƬ, ɡ
źڵĶ, ϶֪ⶾ, ʹȥǶһ
ü, Ҫƶȴâڵƺڹ۲ʲô
ʲô
⿴ߵϵͳ, ֻԼǰĽŲţյ˺ϡ
ǹâȴȥ
ⶾҽ󣬳
⣺
ˮǹԿдһһûǵ塣
ǹͬөڿӳųƿˮ棬뾵㵹Ӱšˮ浹ӰУǺϵǹȥ
ֱһ˿Ŵӵǹع龵档
˶ѽ⡣ˮ﷢Ĺ⽥ˡ
㵡
ǰĺָ˵ɫҲƽ
ĳѾ⣬ǰʧ
⻹ֶŵơ
㶵ؿųʧĵطһŶ˶һѽǺϷźҹӰʧɫ֮С
*
Ǻָʶʱ򣬶ײ
۾Ŀͨķľϵһ㻨ƣȥǺܾϸеصӡ
һ㶣Լĵطѹ
ϴĴС
ֶ˶Լŵĵطڵذϡ
ͷжѾײͷȥŷ⾫ȻǴϷġ
ʱ˫ֱһصľţһڷϣؾȻ˺üȦ
æ˼£ȴǾ׾Ȼֱӱ˺޷
֪ǵǣ⸱ŽģصΪˡߴһ˵
һ㶣æ̧ͷԴȥֻһ鲼µ˴ʱǰ淿ߡƫݣЩ죬ʱһֻһͷһֻͷ˺һţŽо׽ʡ
Ĳͷɢ޲࣬סգֻϡóͲǶʮӡ
˭üܿ쾯ʵ
еʳﲻ࣬΢΢ͣһ£ʣµʳ꣬Ż׿
˭룬͢ξֳ裬ŵĵطҼ
ֳ裿
пһȴתòɾףüԶ죬ݰףǸӣȻΪ
δһȴȷʵúܺÿ
һ£ܿʶʲôؿֳ衣
䱸۹⣬ܿЦָǰͷҪ𣿡
ͷʲôóԵģۣĿദȴ鵽Ա߸һµʳУоĻƣһ۾ǼֵƵӡ
۾ӵһȴ죬ֻüһαؼʵҳʲô˵ɣΪʲôҡ
߽꣬һṦȥ磬δӱڷ
ʣȴֳĻһЦ̧۳Ҿ㣿ô˶ôһ
һ㶣ɿݣܿ쿨ԼǱжԵĽڵ㡣
ңǶ˶֣ȷʵԼǿֲĶѾ𾪵ؿֳ裬üô⿪ݱܶģ
ݱѾǵˡǵԼһݱʱԼڻԵʱ򣬽·ἰ¼ʱᵽġ
⿴˵һۣǰѻѾժ£¶һŶ쵰Ǵʱ۾ôһȥȫº޺벻˾ǳ˵Ľ¼ϳŵĵʮһˡ
˵˵ôݱĶġȴûлشǵĻ
ǵüһš
˹
ֳ忴ȥ书ӣϢȴֲɽĳȡü߹ˣǿڵаɣҵϣҾΪѵظ㡣ݱھǻһСײĶû취ֻĵˡ
˵ţæεö죺ιҸջشˣ𿪣
ȴܵǵҪ󣬼ʵеĶʮŰ漰Ķһģһ֮ʱܵŵ˾㡭飬֪٣
û뵽ֳһ㶼ûдԼҪ˼۽΢΢˳飬ŶԷ
ңˡѵ㱨ʱ򡣡
ǣ
Բۣһ˻ôֱ׳ġ
Ǻı˸һ
ɿңٸ֪ġǻص
Уȸ֪ģҪҪ㡣
ʲôˣ
ڵ̧ͷվԼǰ˶ӡ
ǰѾЦ鵭һ㶼żһԱߵŵӡ
Ƭ̺󣬵Ǻüߣֳ裬֪ΪʲôҪ鰸ӡڽ֮ǰǵҺ޹ϵ
˵ͷӹڵǰ£ô֪Ҫ鰸ӵģ
ǳ˳üۣ㲻ȣҿǼһƻҪ㡣
ȣ
΢΢һȴɤұҲû˵㣬κ˵ôڸﶼļƻ
üʲôƻ
ǵҪ˵룬ʱ˵ҪΣȻ󵽾
˵⣬뵽ԼţܿɿһԹ˵㶮ľǡ
⣺
񰵰ֳʱĬþգȻ뵽ڰСʱ²
ƺðֳ̫ⷨӸ˵ʢʱ㸺ҿʱ򻹸Ҳôţ
ЦӣģϾû⡣
ӣǻ׷͢ξ䣬ȥŪ᲻Щף
͢ξѣȻɣ˵İ⳯аٹٶҵ֣֮οһƷС١
ºҪ
ֵȥȵҵ죬ҼֻҪһͨ㣬Ͷš
ӡ
Ƿģ¶֮ҲǡȵҪ٣ӣŮˣֻ˵ҼеǮ

Ÿڰͷ֣ǺƵջϵȡ
ģڷԼƺ˵ôȤ


ȻϣҾȥ伸ǰСӼȻ˵ǮȨҾ̲סȥʲôñ
⣺ƺµʲô
ԶһĶ͵ģʵ
֪ˣԾܿ뵽ݱĶܽ⣬ͷϵҲ֪ǵǣ¼еʮһ͵ЩƱô¶ҵͷ

ԶидʲôϰߣҿϰѱóͦջȥҾ;͵⡣ȻҾ˯ʱ򣬰Ǳ͵͵ˡ
ǱдʲôٿطӦվʵ
ǱһҲûʲôЩ֣ȦȦҿ
Ǳںδʵ
϶ʱ¶һ˿ΪѣֳʣҲֻӲͷƤƱҲûʲôãȻǰ͸Ҫˡ
˭ҪǱӣ¶Źֵɫ
ü̾˿ǱԾͲȻйأž࣬ȻҾһѶ෽Ǭĸ


63 Կ׾ѩ15
⣺
Ķ͵˷Ǭϣ
۽΢΢鴤üǰŵĺ
񱻳⿴Īһ, æ˫һ, ѵҸ˵Щ˵ûϵฮϷ˱Ӿߣֱ˵Ǹˡ
, ûкֱӹϵŰڵ͵֮ⰸʮа˾ǺǱйء
ǲǳ͢ˣ֪ǬԶĵ, ɷǬյԶı֮, ΪûаǱӻȥȫұ¾İ
ĪǱ沢ǵ˵ô򵥣
ݵ˼
ֳ裬Ұ֪鶼, ڿ԰ҷ˰ɣæõ졣
С, 㻹û˵Ϊʲô׷ɱ
˵ˣɣ
һ㶣۾ǰ˵Ȼңұ׷ɱİûйϵɣһСС͢ξ䣬Īǻ쵽
˵, ⲻмؿֳ, ȴԷɨһ, Ȼͷ
š׷ɱǲˣ
ɫ, ¶䱸ɫ
롣ϵֳسЦѱ͵ฮϣֻҪ֪, û˻֪Ϊǲǻļʲô顭͵ʲô֮ģ
ǣһ¡
ǵķӦⷢԼ¶ˣ׷ɱǵơˡȻࡣ
Ե죬ҷвھѲ顣ԷǳҪ˵˵ԭһеȨ԰취
ǬԵ޹׷ɱǣϿ϶ܡ
վţӸµؿź
Ʊ˵ɫ¶һ˿ӣ˺һźҲԣҪΪұܡ
á
ӹһתȹҪС˵
״Ȼһ߿絽ǰҪ
ֳмˣ
дϲ⶯Ŀжʱһ˿Ūԭŵ͵һŵ棬˲ޱѸݵطṦ֮УֳĲӽȥ
ʹϱжҲѸ磬֮ʱαĪ⣬ڿֻʣһӰ
¼ϵʮһ˵Ṧ£书Ҳܱͨȡ
ĵֳ費Ǹ͢ξ䣬ڽҲһаЦ뿴ֳ豻ԼƷĳȴظоԼڿյĽ͵ر˳һ¡
״ʲôסˡ
һ㶣ͷһֻǿȥûʲô书ֳʱĽףȻ̧ͷ
Բۣ
ȻֳϿһ˿Цݡ
ԺҪӦЦô£Ȼס׵ȴֱӽĽһ
ǻû˱㱻һڵϣҽһ۾ﻹԿϷϸ΢
ֳȻԿṦ
ŵ𾪣ҪȴԼĺϷĳ˾Ȼ֮ǰոһѿ۹νľͷ˲俨ĺ󾱣˵ϰι档
æƴŪҡҡλΣⲻܲˣֱһŲϡ
ʱñһɾѹҲãͬһſ˵ϡ
˵𣿡ͷϣֳ

㲻˵Ҫ˵ֳֵ
񱻶ڵֱֳۣ裬̫ǿȹҵҲź˵飬Ȼң㡢㡢治ˣ
ոնֳ֪ôӿиġõȥ٣Ȼ򲻹ֳ裿
򷨣еϤ
Դ𵴣һ±ƣȴоϵѾ·
𡣡ʱŤ
ؿ˺һۡ
ҲԼ˾ٺеΣȵ˵ֳ飬ɫæɿһ
⣺
ֿ
ݺὭʮأȻôһҪݱǽ¼ǰʮĸҲˣƫԷƽأģ͸Ů˲࣬ҿһ㶼ӣȻôһˣ
ؼһʼΪͦ˵ģ棬ôôֲ
ء
ȴѾóһƴ⡣ⱻһĵذţ򿪲֮󣬱һ棬ʵʮͨ͸Ѫ˿·ڲԲĹ
ƺʲô⿴ۣŷĶһָǡ
ʲôһȥǷƷʵ
ûˣſڵװ
Ҫһֱ˵Ҳԣ˵ṦҪҪȴȣ
ҪĶڽϵ̫࣬񲢲Լôϣڵ϶˶շĥĥҲͿҵϲ˵ġ
Ƴ۹
Ҵ˳ߵĶ
ֳ²ûȥ˳ԶĲӰ䶪ฮʱҲ˳Ķ
ºڷߣĸְ֣κεṦãܿǱฮУطϡ
Ϸˡ
ʱĺűӣṴǡ
ǺУ¼ʮһĸ֣ȻฮϣôҲֶܿ顣
ԣʲô
Це鷿һȦ
ܿ췢ฮϵذ񣬴ͳһסУֻЩʱ䣬⿪С
һ񣬴ָǡϸϸۿܿ쾪ȵطָǻᶯ
Ӧܶʵôôϡ⣿
ڷתһȦָôת˾һʼָһͬķ
Ǹö
۾һܿ콫½һ͵͵ط˻ȥ͵͵Ǳĸۡ
ҹɫŨŨʩʩȻ뿪ȴûһϸϸ졣

龭ڵϵҸ˵Ĳ˵Ķ˵ˣܿԷ˰ɣ
⿴˺һۣŲһλãȻָϵķתȥ
ָʲôط⿴һ󣬺Ȼʵ
ָǵķָĲฮķλҲǻʹķλָƫһֱ󣬲ھǵķΧ
Ҫָ֪ĵطͺˡڵƵȷҳξԲܡ
üǽ˴ν˳
ϽԼ·˵ֳ輸䷢йȴԷһ˫۾һˣֻøĿڵҲǺǬ׷ɱԺ󣬲ԼԼ²⵽һ㡭ܾǰԿס
Կףɽ֮ʱ¼еҲ˵Կס֡
Ҿ񣬵Ҳûۼӡ˲ڶʮǰ໥ɱڽϴҲֻˡܡݱЩй·ĸҴ棬µҲֻӼ֪ġ
ݱˣٿüӼôдģ
񿴵ü˼ӣ뵽书Լֻøɿһ˵ʮǰһ¹鵱ػʱһɽҰһȺˣʱعٺ棬ǰ̽ٵĸԴЩ֮ȻûȴʶһȺ޻֮ˡ
޻ꡣȻһ£ָ
ûзֳ״Ⱥ޻֮еѹ٣ǵ˵Щǰȥһ֮֮ѲټΪȤдһ㴫̫ʵ۵Ķ
񣬺뵽̫ʵӦǽ游
ĬţûдϺĻǺ룬ѹµʱƽЩʮ̫ʵΪȵ۵һڻ˭ҪҵǴ֮˭ɽλƹ¡ʱλŴѶ׷ɸ·ǰȥ鿴
·ӿӴѪȷ硣
²¼ĸҲδ⡣ָָǡԿסǴ֮˳Ϊвء
ѣܾвصԿס


64 ײѩ16
ʮǰвس, , ҥƵ֮ɵ¡
ССУб, ɭɭ⣬벻Ǵ˵еı
У˭õˣĿһᣬüʵ
˭ҾͲˡ, ˵ǰĸֶȥ, ֮⻹һǰ¼ϵģ˵˪Щ֣ⲻûиһ, ҪȻҲȥ档
ޱؿ˺һۡ
ϸĿڣڳ͢, ǿ϶ȵ۵õˡϾ̫ʵλġ
ΪԿ׻ĸϣʵ
ô֪һ޹ҲǱ׷ɱʱŲµġȵԺ󽻸ܵĲǡ
ȵ۲ͻȻôʵ
񣺡
˶Իѡ
ˣҾ֪ô࣬ԿҲˣȨľ㡢ҷˡ
Բϲ, Ҫһֱǻ˵ã
, εؿų, ȴǰֳü
С
У
üǰˣȴԷתȡֽʡ
ȰǱĬдһ顣ֳ軹˳ǰ, ֽī棬дˣٷȥ
ͷǰ̨, һ鴤ðźֳ裬ң
ѾԿߣתһȦһȦ⿪棿ıӺܿưĹؼǬǬɵӣ͢ξ鰸϶ѾߡѾţҲд˭д
ȷʵֻд
ĿЩǻ
ɱôţǺ
вˬ춯
Ѿùڵ븮ᱻǬϡ͵вԿףѵŹ㣿ҾһΣɾȲڶΡ
üͷ
ѾϽ£󼸲ڿգϵ˷ϡ
ҷʱѾߴɨô֪ɣ
⹷١
߷Ȼۣȴֳվڷϵ֮ŽͷһգȻֱ۳һţԼеһֱӷˡ
ǣʲô
뵽ԼĲӣɪһ¡
֣ոֳǴġ˸ոչֵڹô˵н¼ǰˮ׼
ɽ¼ϣһѩǸͷڶǸεˣݱĿպǸͷҲܴ󣬲ֳӡ
ϸû֡
˭
һССĳ͢٣Ȼô
ҡ֪ˡдҸдǡٵ
Ҫȫġһֲ
ҧҲ̫ôˣһҼǲô죿
ǣɲˣǾһֱšԾ£ּȷܲԺŵŻҪֵдţһ鿴

ֳ˵ʩʩȻؿھһ£άϣͷһ
ⲻᣬԼ͢ξƣ˳ȥ
ߺ󣬺Żתͷ
ûа취⿪˼ۣʼ´ֳķ
ֳķªҪǴ컹ǲ߶رԵرҪΪֳչ¶һ书ΪԼڵĵطĸı
ҲǸʳпűȽۣǴӻʹĶֻϧ򿪿ԺֻмϴøɸɾӣʲôûС
ĵؽӷŻԭ°͡
ֳ迴žǸûʲôˣҲ֪ˣıʲô
۾һתһʱҲûĬд£Цеؿʼڷ߶
һڲʲôæ°ڣĵֳܵĴߣ𴹹ҵĴȥ
ܿ죬һӲĳ״
ֳǸܵ
һϲһֱӽק˳Ƕȥ
״ﱻɫĲţƺеϤ
ԭϲ۾ٿһֱԼһ˲Ĵ㶣ŵһ
Բۣ
ǧʧ
ǧϤˣǰ֮ŮΪŵ߱͵͵͵˹;һʮָǿ֣߱˶ߣԼҲԷס
±ΪܣзټǸˣôŶҪһͨѵ
˭֪ڣߵ߾ǰ
һߣһ书ǿһ
ôҲû뵽ֳͳôһ⣬ϵЦݽӲסˣ𾪵ؿǰߣоͣӿ
˼ӿȫȻûע⵽صֱ֮ʱȵĽŲ
ˣ
һ㶣æԼ͵ϵ߷
վſһƿŰ塣
֨ѽһ򿪣ӷϿȥֻվſڵȴֳ裬һµӡ
һССֽУоµġƷ
ƷǾǺܳĸ꣬ǵʱĽǰĦһʱֻʮˣ֡
Դˣ˾ǵƷĸ㲻óԣ
˭ΪδƷĸֳķ䣿
۾һգգع۲ӣȴڣǸӵܣϢȴʮֵ䣬纮ѩһ㣬Կ͡
ӲȥüĿӢͦ䵭⣬ҲǸòĸӵܡ
ĥ룬ҪúÿֳķҪʲôȴһתһĿķ
ǣ
*
ͬʱһԾȥͨòͨѰ˼ҳʱ͵ģһ·۽ǣƵػιһĸۡš
ŴѾһվȴϴʷ̨·ģ㣬ȥ˹˹ġ
ֳ֮ϵãǵͬΪƾǰ׵½̽Ľ⡣
ĽˣѾɡڣ
Ľԡšһصأ
ĳ˺ܿݹһϻӣϻһڲţеʪ
Ľϻӣ𿪺ڲϻǿһۡ
Σʵ
Ľ⽫ϻǸ˻ȥЦ¸£ʷ̨Ȼġ
ҲЦĽʷǰԼ䣬պҲü
áĽͷȷһҪͷ󣬲֪֪֪ܵ䣿
ܣ΢΢һ㶣ǲңʷҪĳػŷ¸ȫԸ
ĽͷлҲ˾
Ĺһ̣ܿʻȥ
Ľվԭأ뿪ϵЦ⽥ʧľϻصۡƹϺԺĻСԺһڡ
һ磬紦һӰţʱʱһȥʮֳ
ĽվشľϻĶȡϻϡ
ֹͣ
ĽŹľϻϵĶ𣺡ʦؼҵĴ󵱼ҸոѾѹͷˡ
ľϻϵĶѪĿģĿ۾
ɢŨصҩζ紦˼ľϻ֮ȴЦ
ááʮ˻ƣһǹƱ˿ɽ⡣
ĽԣЦ𣺡ʦ˳ᢣ˲ֵȣ˵ʱôĶ֪
û뵽ʱ޶࣬ܵô塣´ǰˣ˼ϵϴӣСĽ⼸ˡ
ʦѧӦġĽ
˿ЦԽŨˡ


65 ѩ17
δʱǰ͢ξ
⼸͢ξѾæ, ɵ˻, ڵӴͬʹյ͢ξʱ͢ξķ, Ҵ
ʲô˼˵ˣȵûϵǾȻһңǴЩ졣
ֹ, ǲ鰸Ĺ, һ¡ͷƽ
ǺǣҲ֪ѽҸ㣬ǿ͢ξֳֵʢƽ, ûа, ԽԽ
ƽû˵ĵʢԽԽ
üֱƿš
ʢڷ֪ҸƽʱڼﶼҶһȺСС, ̬ң
˵, мؿǰһڴŹٷ, 뿴Էηɫȴڳϲû¶Ԥڵģɫ, ¶Ǿȡ
⾪ȲǸģ⼸˵ĿԽǸġ
ѵʲô棿
ʢŻͷ, 뿴ʲô£һظо󱳴ӿ顱һ졣
ѽʢûüӦ˴αһɴ߷ɣҽһſڵϡ
ʢ߷ɵʱײţԴ϶ʱһ顣ʹ죬׿飬ȻĨһѪʱ󾪣ü˭ո˭ңбţ
ƽϵʢֿڷˡ
ңҪôңǳڷѾش
ʢһ㶣ϡʮֶ죬æͷ׿̧ͷſڿȥֻһվԭĵط͢ξװĵӰ޳ò𪣬һ˫бǷǳգʱȻмƽʱȫͬĺ⡣
ֳ֡衭ʢ˲Ͱϳˣ˲ƿڵ
Ц̧ɨڳ󰸵͢ξˣ˸ôô󣬲ظӡ
ֳ裬㡢ôңʢڵҪ
⸡ŴЦһӣǲ͢ξ󰸣ٸҽһ䣬㰴͢ξ̹Ѻ졣
ʢɫࡣ
ƽҲû뵽ֳͻȻڴ˴͢ξ참ҲǼʢƿˣҺܶʱҲȷʵΪԷ˼ɣֱֳӰ˸߷ڵصģͷһ⡣
ߵûԼҵˡ
ʢԺ˲һأֳвܿûˡ
ƽƽվ˵˾䣬ǰһֳ裬Цִ˲öŭߣǵͷɢɢ
ʢ̧ͷĿⰵֳ裬ȴֳسĿæһ˻ȥ
Ÿƽ߳ȥ
һߵ͢ξԺеϣƽɿĸ첲һΡ
뵽ǰ죬ֳ裬û뵽ֳȻְѵ竡͢ξ˵ʥݣԶɽð鰸ôһǶ˴µȷ˱Ȳϵġ
ĸ첲ϸݵҲܵҲǴ󲡳ӡ
ƽۣҲ֪ôֳ迪ڣȴֳ迴ͥԺĻһؿڵ۴˲鰸Ҫһˡ
ƽǸĻֹ
ƽʱƽԼͦʱȴһֱվԼû뿪΢΢죬ü۴ˣ㻹ʲô𣿡
Ҳûʲô¡ƽһ㶣ջӣֻǿֻǽ鰸ƣҲ͸͸
˵ͷʵ֪нչ
͢ξѾս֮ˣʱûüĿƽ֮ǰڵĳӣҺ߽֣ǰ̽ʱ򣬷ǰѾ뾩߽ѲҲųˡ
⡰Ŷһû뵽ƽô죺ЩͨѶϢˣ۴Ϊ˭ɣ
ƽüĻǹԱΪҲЩſͣûʲô
˵һؿһ£ɵһ㶣ЩԼȻֳ˵𰸼顣
ֳ豻ֹ鰸ô˵ôࣿ
æֳ裬ȴֳĲҲ΢΢ƫÿʱ峺޹ȪɫĻ𣬴ݰ׵ģЦ޶ˡ
۴ˣȷʵԴȣ⣬ɷҲڣܷʲôæ

һӺƽκؽڰᵽ˵İϡڷµʱ˻룬ԼôʹӦѾڸֳ迴أ
ֳл֤֤׵ģӦûϵɡ
ƽؿֳ裬ȴֳ΢΢Ц࣬һڣϸϸط
ִˣôǱ͢ξ֪ˣ²װɡƽ
ģȹ˻ҿ϶Ѿˡֳ̧ͷֶЦ֤ԭⲻطŻȥ

ֻҪ㲻˵Ҳ˵û֪ҿֳͺҲֻǿڶѡ
˵ʲô
ֳ͢ξ䣬ְҪҴҶ͢ξˣҪǲ鰸Ҳ϶͢ξȫû
ƽĬĬ˳ķ䣬ԴԼʶֳ費Ժ󣬾ȫˡ
Ϊʲôǰúʹ˶ܹռϷ磿
ƽ档
ЦеĿƽ뿪²鿴
͢ξ֮ʱԭ˼ôӲ鰸ȡϢٻ˵˵Ľ·ƽԼð˳Ȼ̬ȹֵֹģȴϣȻڶˡ
䲻֪ƽʲô˼ʡȥܶ鷳
һĿʮУɿطڹĿŵһҼҶĿڹϡ
ҶڹƣԶǰǰһһţгķʱԼʱҡ
Ѿλھǵı࣬˻ʹûҸۡӦǷǬฮ
ԶǰǬ˰ȷʵ벻˸ϵֳĺۼҲֻȨƵ˿Եôֲ롣
ֻϧȨƣ͢ξ¼ھҲûжٺͷǬйصĶ
Ϣ̫٣ôȥฮȥ̽һʵ
⿴Ͼڣ·ŻԶ
ʱʱѹʱΣ˽ɢȥɫҲѱ䰵ΨƽĹæŷϣָ֮
·ЩָܿϵˣԼķǰ
ΪԵʣճŵʱصؽϣⱾ̽ȡԿ׽ʶɨ棬ȴزԭſϵûӰ
ˣ
ü
ɵվſڣϸĶܿ˵ĺ
еǣһ˵Ϣģһ˭
ⰵסߵľСٳɣһƿš
Ű塰֨ѽһ򿪡
ĺϼҲŷŵƿս䣬̧ۿȥĿⴥȴؿһ¡
Ŵ򿪣Ŀӡ
ȥ֮ʱϱֻһײߡڳȴϲ֪ʱһ鳤״汻ɫţһֱʹõߣ
ͫ׼
߲ǵõġʱӱ߻һˣ£һһϣ¶һɫ䵭ò
ˮš
۽΢΢һ¡
ʶˣȴִһ΢΢һ㶣ѭȥܿԭŵĵǴʱ˾ȻһһزסֽŸһֻһ߸ߵصϡ
ءһײƴسת溬ط
ĬĬ˺һ
ʲô˵𣿡ߣȴ˲豭䳺߳
ؿ
ֻоԼĿɨͷƤ飬վԭغһŻҵԼ
عӣҺжˡֳ
飺
ǣ
æͷߡ
ֻϧûѾһס
ֳ衣֪ʱѾԡ
ٶһûӦӴȴһһ
⧲䱻˼Сȴȴײſһӣʱƫ⣬һɿڵȥ
ˡ
εرۡ
ȻҲʱʼٸһѹסĺ󱳣ڱȦס


66 ˾ѩ18
ձߣȵĺ
̻Ȼ۾, ̧Ͽȥ, ߡ˵Ƿʱͷ, һ˫īһۿ
䣬ľ̶
˫Ŀഥĺƽʱû, ʱҲͻԵʮԡ
黹ڶܸоԼߵֱۺͼ˹סʱ, ϣܸܵԽϵ¡
ҡҡһ£Ÿæڵվ, ع, 㡢ôֹˡ
վȺĳ⣬ֻ˽ʮ֡
ĬĬؿŻѿȥŻջؿס֡
ϴμǵϲԸ㣬͹ٸһЩ, ʲôС
һ, ĿϿȥ, ֻԱ߹ȻһֽǾƷʽһʼֻע⵽, ûֽ黹Ϊ˸㡣
ֳļƷĸʮԭվʱһСݵľ
ڽȻҲôһס
һ˿㵺ʹ۽Ǳ߽Ѿ, ֡֨ѽһ˻ȥ
ðɡ
Ƥ
ǰϣֱק˻Ż˳ˣվԭأÿһ񾭶ܵ÷顣
ϼ⣬Ȼ䰵ֻдһս䣬÷еӰ˿ѭ⡣
ߵߣĿһɨϵߣվŵӣĬһڿڣȣǧأס͵Ķڷϣˡ
̧ͷ۹ϵĵǡ
ءŬŬⷢ
ޱջߣۿŵ档
ǽ¼ʮһĵǣǬȫͨȴнĻԽ̵ͳԡֳ裬Ѿڲ鰸˶𣿡
ü
һʱ䶼ĬֻʣµǲͣϷؿ
ĶųɫԽԽļأһ˿ɫһϵȥ
˪˲ڷէһǿƾȻӵǵͷ¡
ԭĵǶʱСһҽ˫۰һʱ˹ȥ
ˣͻȻûüӦʱ㶵ǽ⿪ӵĹؼô
Ҳ㲻ҪӣջԼơ
ؽҧһڿڵϣҲΪʲôһֱҲ鰸
£صָ˽
ǵ廹ڿһһڵشš
ɽһ¿ʼһֱŬΪϰ£볼ȥȥ𣬡ĲףΪʲôɽϲ˳һ޹ؽҪĹְվ£ŵж˳Ȩҵʲôûá˿й𣿡
Ȼ
ֻ˵ǻ̽ҡ۲ңΪףͻȻһЦˣϴɲǸʱҰ
ǰͿһ֮ڽ˵ӦǽԴϲĽ
˵ţۿŵ档
ϣսǵҲ䱡ӭǼٵҹĻ
Ϣĺڰ
۾ڰԽԽ䣬һȪⲻͣ΢šУӲֻսɿڿ˵ֳ裬Ǽ˭Ҷûлɹ㡣
ⴹŵ̧̧
üͷ΢΢۾΢죬ȪйӰȴڵȥ࣬ɽѾǰǬΪ˽թֶݣԴѶԸҲ㱻鵱С
ŽĻ΢΢һ㶣ԭһ֪İӺͷǬйء
飺
üһԶǰԤҪͶң˷Ǭ״ֻϧܹ⵹Ǭ֤ݣԱһؾˡ
ԭˡ
Զ¼Ҫ˱ǵ͵ฮֻ˱ϱȻ˷Ǭܣ÷ǬɱģҲԶʶԼ
ԶӦ·֮²ҵ˽飬ȴûҪ˼
ҲѹᵽԶµ顣
̧ۿŽ顣黹ʶģ·ո˵ûл˲ǰһ㡣
·˵룬·Ҳֳʵ
ĬȻֳ裬ڽҵĻ鰸𣿡
⣺鵽ǽ飬ƽ
𴽣ָֻ˳Ĭӡ
·ɹȥݱġݱ뷽ǬԴ·죬˷ʤΪ·ٲ佻֣ϧû׽ĿѾϤڡ
ϾȻظӵ飿
һ㶣㵵ؿŽ飬ȴƣֳ裬Ҷϣˡ
죬ȴЩ¸޴˵һط¼Ц
Ҫô˾ͺˡЦŵҲҵ书ȻѾȬĻʲôա
飺˴Զ֪Լ˵ʱжഥĿġ
Ըô
ԼƵֻĿѹֵԺϻ¡
裬ܶһ𣿡̧
·ڽгԼ֣΢΢һ㶣ǰ˾ĬԼǰ¼ţⷿĺڰΪһ壬޶׶صζ
Ȼһֱ谭
ⴹۣתſߣ͵ơ
͵ƵĻڷ˻Σ𣬻ƵĹ˷ĺڰ÷Ҳ͵ȼоϵĵůɫ
áط»סⲻϨ֣תͷԽЦ
*
һҹ˺ʱ뿪Ʒĸ㱻ʱʱʰꡣؽ˸ɾ
Ƚ뿪󣬳ʰ棬شס
ϷһֱԵĵǸժͿжŵİײ
̽һµǵϢһһҺֻõʣûĽˡ
һƣȻڲв鰸ʵ۵ĿڷȴʼſЩת䡣
뵽⣬˺һ
ȿȿȡ䣬ǺȻڵصؿ˼£Ϣһ˹
񣬿ź
ȹ֮Ѿؽ۾һ˿졣ʱѾȼ͵ƣ۾ʶڷתתԱûǿµӣźַ˼
ĬĬؿ
ȵøͨԱ߶ţְ˽ŵشӵ߹棺ιֳ裬֮ǰ˭ôݣ
ֳߺڷһŶһ۾Ϳڵĵط˵ȻͺһʼΪԼԸһӵΪǣôҲû뵽Ÿոսһغϣ㷢˹Զ档
һֳ򲻹Ҳˣһ֪ӣȻҲ򲻹
˰ϵҲˣ˾ȻиءֱӰԼιȥ
ݺὭʮأûô˽ӶߵҪվȴܿ췢ֳȻ˰ʲôĻһӦȫö˶˵ػϡ
ֵһκ
ǻʵۣ͸¶ݡûд𻰣ź˼
ι˰ɣֳ費ػȻʵ
ʲôջشĿ⣬ü
зӦӹһתˣͻȻķ䣬ָƷĸ㣬ôŶһȡҲ¶˰ɣˡ
ں˵ʲô˵ġˡʲô˼
û˵㲻𣿡ֵ
⣺
ֳ֮Զȵ飬ǽ֪ȵ˵Ĵ𻰣ȻҲ֪һ㡣
Ĭ̽ȥ
ʲôһѿס֡
νڰץץ֣Цǧ֪ԭӡ˵˵λعӣϲأϲԭ
벻ٰȥ֪˵ף뵽ľٶкȻһţü
˵õõ񲻸ٵ٩̹һŶĴѰʳ
ϵƷøѾˣвʣȴҲֻʼųѾӲձ
̻ʵسʳ뵽һ¡
ˣôأڽ¼Ҳûǲǽ¼ķ¸ˣ
¸󣿵ȻǸ֯һ㶡
˹ȻǽˣȻû˵
˿ڱǰ¸ǰؼҡ˪ԺؼҰ䣬ǼҶϹĵһ¸רŷ鱨صĵλᡣ
ؼҡ
Ҳ·˵ؼңǻɢƺǳؼҡ
ԳأĪĺؼйϵ
˪˭ʵ
˪֪
˪ǸŮˣͨŶݼ֮ǰԿ׺Ūġǰһ۵شС㵱ݱһȥвأԺͻˣ֪ĸ˵ġ˵ĺ⣬ҲΪˣڶ䲻


67 ݱѩ19
вص鷢ڶʮǰ˪ǳвԺ˺, ⺢ҲǶʮ͡
Ҳǲ͡
΢΢һ, ȴƲסԼŹֵ뷨Ǻģ
ǵ˪һʧٵ, ĸһһʶͨ͸ɵһ㣬ܶѾ˰ɡ
ʶͨһ㶡
ǵ¡̸ʣؼҴСһĺȴ޲ֲŲ˵, һʼؼҵ˻ûô, ȵӵʱ򣬲ŷĿӡڲԡǲţⲻͨ, ƽҲֻ·, Ǹ۲۵ķˡ
书ΪгǸӦñ㲻⺢ӡ
룬ȴ˻, °͵Ҳз, ˵˪ĺû, ȵ֮ԵǻΪõ˪вԿף˿¹ϵǳ, ڻλϵĿܾǵ˪µĺӡ
⣺ᣡ
Ҿòܣ˪ĺɵ˾֪һɵôܻ̳лλˮú, ϶è塣
ŵ˵ȴѾޱת벻˵Ҳͦһס
ááЦеسϡ

ҹɫѾŨĵƹֻС裬жɣƻٿȼܿ챻ɡ
ֻʣ͵ϵƹΡ
⿴ǵƤЦԺиֵȴǽڷա
˿Ͽ鱳ӦȷʵǰĲһ
ǲ˪ĺӣ
ǣǲʹ˵һʶͨ
ǣļκܿܲͳӡΪλ
ü˼š
ǻΪڿµؼ˵ڵִ֣ʵѾȥҪ̫棬ȻҲܴдд⽭ӿ¡
ץסǵһֱۣקӱȥȱİԣǱĬдΣҼ͵ҵĶ˰ɣأ
Цݶʱϣ˼ֻԼ޷ӹԷģֻ߹ȥ
Ѿֽ׼ãٷ͵Ҿ֮ǰλعһٵһϡ
˵˾Ȼֳ뷨ֿȺӣ
ĬĬؿֽʣæ̧ù̧ͷųڨڨЦִˣл˵дǡ
˰˱ùֳϡ
죬̧дȴһְϣָ˿ۡ
һ㶣̧ͷŶԷ
͵Ƶƹ£ֳƽüۣŹҲзǳÿ١Լƽȴµںϵ÷ûһ˿Υ͵ĸо
ôһòŸ£ƽصǿֵ˭
ֳȴڴʱ𣺡֮ǰ˵ݱھǻжˣ𣿡
ݱֳʲô
ǡһᵽݱ뵽֮ǰжʹ࣬΢΢һ㶣ͷ
֣Ŀʵ
ǼɫͻȻùȻĶϵıˮˡ
ԭݱģѹֽ˵·֣֮ȴ޷ƶԷò
Ǻ·߲ͬó͵ַʮָҺأһ֮¹ȻǼݱòġ
ȻݱһתѾ˼ƽϡ
ҪһĻ񡣡
*
ݱ𲰲裬ʮǰвأ뿪Ǵ֮Գ뻯Ĳ֮
вһ𶯽ټϴƣ𲰲֮ʱֵ쮵һϽ¼˻䣬ܿԸ߾·¼еλãλֶ֪֮θĪ⣬һֱɵ
΢͵Ƶоȼ΢Ĺսۣܿ˯ͷ¶˯·תⷿ鿴
ⷿһ߸ߵعϣϵŵĵѾſϴ˯
ҹǵıѾضһߣ̨ϵīҲɺԣȴѹһֽֽīմһ˫۾һӣһͣȷʵ˵ͷ
ֽӵѹŵ³ŷڳ¹ۿ
⴦һӵò
ӷüޣüµ۾ۣͥʮֶ۽ֱͦ΢̣Ȼʮֿ
ȥڻһʮӣĻȻûȥķ˵ƽ׵ꡣ
üȴſŲһ£۾һ죬Աˣܿ첻صֳ裬ǸҰʲôʱ򣿡
˵Ҫ˯ȥ
ݱȴ˯ˡ
ԴԼĻ񣬡ǰҼ𲰲衣
ݱвڶʮǰָָʮꡣ
û뵽ݱǳӵġ
ǵʶһ㣬⻳ɣֻó°͵ǰݱвصʱǶʮ꣬ԺôҲӦʮˡǰҲôġ
˵ţε̾˿ȷʵͳҿװסʱҲּĿˮ¶ɱҡ
⿴ݱò˼
ʲôԱפݱϲöܾзȷԼòϰɡǵ㿴㲻Ҳ𣿡
⣺
һܺġһѣǵ˯ҲûˣҪ⻭ʲô
ܿ콫İǣ뷽ǬйᣬҲҪ
ƽ޲Ǻһ죬֪ԽƽԽ뷨Ƥ֪ľȻʼͬݱˡ
˶ϣøͷдֵ³Ҳ֪¼ϵĵ˻
Ҫôң
ﷸúġ

ͨﷸĹģ̻Ҫ֮˵òдᣬͳһӡһһﵽطá̻òҲ˻ڸعΪչһ
ϵµľֺ飬ǺṦ߾Ӱȥ٣ҲԲԼòŰϣͷ㣬ʱʱҪСԼ˷֡
ݱòʮأƽҲһֱ£ƾǲ˷ӡǷֶԷܣûм֪顣
ڣֳȴҪò
Ҫ衣
ǷֶԱ𲰲裬ԼƺûôˡúԶԼͷϼһд˱ӾͿԻȣȻ߱ǰߵľҪ̫ࡣ
𲰲رһ鷳ô죿Ƚһ
ģҪҲҡ
˲𲰲
дֳ裬ȴԷѾûֽһϣǱӵݡ
Ļв֮⣬ĸҲӣæӦǡ
ǳƤЦûᣬڷͷ·Żֽ뿪ָǰ͢ξ
͢ξѾƽæµ鰸
æڲ鰸Ѿ͢ξȫίɸֳ裬͢ξܿٹһԼ˼顣
䷢Ҳӣдֻ֣ԽдԽ죬д߶࿴Աߵֳ輸ۡ
ȴ⣬˸£׹
׵˼ǻ͢ξ飬ҵ΢ݣһ㶡
͢ξǱģ˳⼸䣬ַŲͷϣھпʼݱĻ
жʱղ飬ʱ񣬺ܿչۿ
Χͼָָ㣬ʼ۷׷ס
ǰĵطտո֣ҲʩʩȻУһһ;ͣ߿ϵС⡣

ȥòãû뵽֮£
΢΢һԸֱŰ񴦿ȥ
ԱĹӱǺ͸ڵСͶϣû뵽̯ϰˣȻΪҪףֱ¶ɱԱһҡ
üͷеߡ
ɲҲǵùȻĶϣ̫ˣ
۽ǳ鴤ߵŰ֮¡
ɴ̧ͷȥܿͿϻŵ˵ò
š
һŻȫò
һţǰסֻ¶һ˫軭ϸµ۾۾Ҳһ鲼ȻڵĴһģһ
塣
ҧҧһѳϵɴһȥ


68 ѩ20
鷢һգѭ浸ǰ, ûзʲô¡ֱ, ãط˾ԭ˶˲١
߰˸Ͱ, ί٣·մе࣬е·˿, Ѫ
Ųɨֳһ, ܿ췢ɳȥӵˡ
ҲС
ϻŵϿȥûˣж, ܿ쾯ſڴ, ֳ裬˿
ִˡܿߵߡ
ʲô£⸱ӣüʵ
ֳ跢ʣɨڳ, ΢΢ұ͢ξҼ׷һ˼, û뵽һͻȻɱڡ
ˮĳ, ھǶӣһ, ڰ㱻鵽뿪ǡ
ƽǰ˵߽ǰȥѲⱾΪҪЩʱգû뵽ȴ͢ξ˷ء
Ǳ
ǻ˽ˣʵ
, ֮ء£ǻӦȫǽϵˣʮ˵ãҺҼҲûдùʹĸ֣Ҽ໹ˡ
һ㶣ǳӼأ
ˡ

˶٣ܿ콫ץֳһ顣
ԭ͢ξҼھеӱʱ·ǰһ뾩磬ϱ͢ξж޺֪ܿһԵɣЭ߽ǰץ
һξ׷˲鰸һҲĵá߽ܿ޶·һ·׷ڼĿСϴæС
г޶ټϲ߽ǰȴĸ˴һ˻ӽ޶ڵˣѪȵ߽ǰʱ޶ѾѪģ
컯գڹٸǰɱˡ
һѼ߽ǰס֣ǰæʮУȴֶʮָԤȻԶ֮ϣٹʮУǽץסյ߽һ͢ξҼұۣɼǡ
߽ܵش˲ʧȥս֮æԮǼͬͽߣֻʣһƬǽֳ
޶ҼˣֻʰֳȻص㡣һ˵һߵֻϧΨһѾˣİҲ֪ʱܻס
쾹һļǵס
ĬĬʵ֮˰ýڣɻ
һ㶣Ȼֳ΢һµʹһڱĳߣ߳˳ߣƫ߲ݣеģʹԼʮ¡
˵ͷ
ִΪλдһʣ
ӵϣֻҪץýˣͽµ֤
Ȼüͷ΢ûĽʵڹ죬ܿҺҼ·Ǵн¼ϵˣ˲ץ
¼⣬˵ҲΪ档
Ӧȥʲôطץסˣʵ˼⡣
Ҳ˵˵һأһЦ
ֲɵôײϡ
Եؿֳ衣ȴΪǣֳֻЦЦҲִ֪ʲô
ֳҲû˵߹ǰҼķ߽̽
Ҽķ䴦ѾˣƽΪ߽˿ڣԱ߽ʱ״ʱֳʾ߽һۣͣ˰ۺͷ
ֳ豻ʵ۰˲鰸ʸ˷ǳĬûֳǰۣΨƽ뵽֮ǰøֳǵӣ΢΢£ǿװ򶨡
Ҳû⣬ֻ֮ͬѯһʹ߽ơ
߽뵽֮ǰֳ裬ЩΣлԷĺ⡣
һͨ׻֮󣬼֮ûʲô⡣飬һһ㱨ֻһݶֻδᡣֻƽֳ赭ӣɵö࿴ۣû˵
ЦЦܿǡ
ߺƹ͢ξָտֳıӰʧȴŵ֣ô飬һʼΪʰ顣
λɽԭξˡ߽Ĭһ
գˣ
ȷʵ͢ξһĺð֣õʮֳ֣ʱͻȻֳнġ
ֳܾܿǵߡ
ûģɱװôƽ
뵽ֳոպ̸ʱǫѷģоȵģȷ硣
ˣڸô죿ƽĬһᣬڿʵ
Ҽԣý˺ܿǽˡ̾˿͢ξٴģʵԶ¼ˣҪôˣûϵȼֹĿǰҲ֪˵ò
һȻڴ뽩֡
߽ҲĬˣ˴Һ׷ϣһ¾Ρ
˵յ
׷֮ʱھЪţȴֽھĽ˱˲١߽СһЩϢСǣ˵⼸˴Ъŵ˴඼˵һ
½ˣ²뾩
ĪһвԤС
һԿס߽س˵вйء
˲üͷһš¶ɫȷĶסˣʵµ棿
ҼɿôǼٵġ
Ҳ֪üͷ˺һüȵۼݱԿױʧȥټڴʱУвؼ㿪ҲӦðнС˭ɢϢģ
ƽ߽
¿¼֣漰ˣӲ򵥡ڷ˼յԿһǱضѪȷ磬͢ξҲ޷⡣ھͽʥСġ
֣ôһʱ͢ξжʮ׼ȷƽ߽ͷһݣæǡ
ղ˵˿ʼ׼
*
һߣڵİзûؼңһ·ָ
ֳķֳĽŲæλϰڳһĬдģȴֳ迪Ժֻǽʳһ飬תǰڷOO@@ڻ·
ʳﻹѿеձĬĬΪԼĿζһڣ͵͵ڿȥ
ֳѾһȫڵѣͷҲѾȫ𣬿ȥȻƽʱĸɾ˲١Ǻɫ·ݣٽִõһ۾ͿֳԵߣԼҪխ
ǺΡ
񰵰룬ȴֳ˫ڷһգǱǧ߾طУˡһ졣
ǰһӯӯˣһ̾ͻޡ
㡢ҪʲôĬдһ߱£Լϣæ
ⲻߵߣϵֽɨһۡ
ȷʵд˲ٶֻǱӾ˵аҳĬдҲһݶѡ
дȳȥһˡ
ǵͷһ㶣̧ͷ㻹Ҫȥģȥ˽عӰɣ
⿴˵һۡ
̱죬ͷʼ߳Աд
Žһ뿪ָǵıȥ
洦෽Ǭĸۡ
ܿ컻ϼģŰɫȻǱС
ȥǬϴ̽ǰе뷨ֻǰнͻȻУʱͷַ飬ݱճ֣ȴֶԷ޶뵽ưʱȣԲٵȴ
һ·Ǳ뷽Ǭĸϣյǰ˵ķűӵ鷿λѰȥܿͿһƵŵķ䣬䴰Ӱ´£Ȼ˵ӡ
Ŀ΢һһִϷ̤޺ۣȻߡ
ҹɫѾװˣʱֵһµգںҹɢľ¹⡣ҹö۽ǵķ˿
ѾСĵؽҿϵһƬߡ
ߴԿǬ鷿ò
鷿вŶ裬ֵǲƵģʱһǰֳķǬǬǰһվ˽سǬ
в鵽Ǹ䣿ϴǬ
࣬ǵڽ¼ʮһ翣Ṧãҵһʱ֮仹ûв鵽ϢΪ佣˵
ߣǲ˵ݱĶ𣿡ʱķǬģȫ෴ӳĽǶȿȥѼԷһƬ
佣üȷǿжֻǱ͢ξ˷֣ȥݱĶܽ⣬᲻˰͵˵ǵʬ壬޹
Ǭɫ࣬вԿ׵ϢָνͣΪνڶڴԿ׳ھǣ
ڴвԿ׵飿
ü
֮ǰԼ͵ľвصԿףû뵽ԿȻѾ˴ӷǬĻ²λʧԵ⴫ģ͵ҲŴ¡
ѵ󣬻г˷Ǭĵ
Ҳڲ飬ϢǷ¸󴫳ġ佣˵᲻ߵʬľ
Ǭƺ뵽ʲô΢΢۾Ĭ
ࡣһ佣˲ǽȥô
ǬڣİǸɵòֻǵһղѰǻðɱˣ϶ǡ
ǡǽг˺ܿ
ɫ֮һһһ㣬ȥϢ׼ɡǬ
鷿иˡ
⿴ų佣ֿΣܿ촽һһ·ȥ
δһ·йฮԺӣ齵Ŀͷ׼ţȴ͵Ϯ
˭Ϊ¼֣ܿȴһʯͷ顱һǰŰϡ
ȹʵף
Ŀ΢΢æʯͷԴȥֻһɫӰվϣ֦ͷ֦Ѿҹζ
˱Ź⣬ĿֻϡǸʮꡣ
٣ǡ׷ɱǵĳȻɣʿЦ


69 εѩ21
ѵ찵дߵǵˣ
Ǻˣ֦ǰˣı
˭Ҫ, Ҫ֪ǵ䡣֦ͷһ, شͳһ
ҹ¹࣬Ҳյһۿȥ, ŵľȻǰѻߣṴǽ¼ϵʮһߣ
ǳѻ治, ˿϶͵йϵ
ж궯, ȴڳѻ֮󣬾ȻԼһۣӯӯأȻ, ıһ, ҸģΣ
˸ӸϵǵѻȻ˵ظо
ôĸۡģ
, ϳ˵ǽϵʲô, û𻰡
, ȻͦԥģǱ˰ɡⶥѻ, Դź
ȵȣһæ
Ǭ׷䣬һֱûҵټ, ѾڷǬǰʧӣʱæҪס֪ܵˡ
Цȴ֦һԾӳһԱߵķϡ
ӰںģṦȴ˵ĸ߾ڷ̤ฮ
ߣؿڰȻ뵽Ǭд󼱣ԥطԾฮķ
ѾǺ¹ԾѰ˼ҵķ
ҹ٣⾩Ǻֹǧ򻧵ĵƻ𣬴ʱڷǬĸϣһۿȥΨݺķݡ˳ʧԼ֮󶼺Ѱǵ䡣
οϻзǬҪڵϢһǵǰܸߴô죿
뵽ٲԥɿضṦķ׷ȥ
괦ⰵŲתͷӰ׷ЦЦ
ΪǬ£κ佣ƣֻҪ͵͢ξȥտ϶ץסưĽ֡
뿪ฮΪˡ
ֽ⿪ߣ۽βѾƳӰ
ӷԾ£뷻ĺͬ
һ·Ͻ۲ųĶܿһ˾ĵûһӡ
¹⴩͸ǽͬһƬڰ
¸꣬ҲֱӴӷԾ£䵽м䡣Ҫ֮꣬ʱʶ֮һԤ롣
һԺһ󼲷Х
͵Ϯ
Ȼνæص
佣ֵסһصĳ״塣ǳ״ͨòţʲôͷȴʮֲֿȻĽ䡣
ǳ״ˣǱˣո׷ϵĺꡣ
ʱڰɫУΨһ˫۾
ʹթܿ췴Ӧпǹฮģ
٣ڸڰѻĴع˹еĳ̧ͷٶ
ԤУæɿбĽ棺㵽ǺˣսȻ
Ȼ¼ڰˣ佣ȻԤУѰ˸޷СǰǿԤУպʦʶһ·ͨİܻϺɽС
ĽרƸֻҪ˲ǽ¼ǰˣûĵ֡
ھȻ˵Ҫ
ؿǰֽ꣬ȴĻ֮ĿһĹ
Ȼôʵ
ЦΪ֪ԼͷȴһеһǼдżХ˹

֪ߵغ
Ȼ˲ԤеԷλֽһ˳ҪŽ©ȥȻԷԼıײһǿޱȵֱѹĽ͵һ𣬾Ȼ顱һֱӱϡ
ĽһƳأлϸСĶƬ΢Ĺ⣬ڳͫ˸
Ҳڴ˿̣ԷѾ
ʧȥĳ̱ǧУֻΪ̴ٵزҽһѾǧɣֱ˦ԭɵľ룬ڵϲˡ
ŵĵطǺͬĲڣ¹յϣ΢ɼؿڵѾ׻ԡ
˿ֳߣ߽߱ϵѻջأϼòɿȥ»ֳָò
ֻҪѳ͢ξڣⰸͻ½չ
塭
˼䣬
ߵԱߣһ塣
塣һ
ʮ࣬ö
΢΢һ㶣Դȥոһ̧ۣؿͻ𣬽Ųڵ¹⣬ϸϸ뷺ӨӨ̹⣬ķƿն
ãֻǰӹ볤һ磬ȴһ⣬ȻǴжأֻһۣ㷢ϵĶ֮ǰԴõĺϻӶһޡ
ݱ
⾪Ŀһٶȿֻһ˴ʱϢڲǰķϣǰһСظһϵ飬ҹ޼š
¹£ߣòȴڻһ㡣ʱǺĻһһķ
ϴһɫۣÿһǳµĲϱȴûзκ졣
ߣ·ͨ벻ˡУݱ֮䣬ȴдżڽֳ裬ѽ
ݱȻˡ
鹫ݱ𲰲òȴδصضйģصˡö䡱Ϣݱ鵽ԼΪ
û뵽𲰲ʱ֡
ϻгţ΢΢սеߡ
𲰲裿Ҳȷʵ
𲰲Цѽ͢ξִˣһҪлһն֪ء
𲰲ȥʮ꣬ȴԼԼ˵Υ͸С
𲰲ȴûʶǰĳ⣬شһ޷̣ϸֳһ˿Ц⡣
Ҳԣ͢ξ䣬ȴֳɣݱЦݴһ˿аոǸӣм֪ѽ
ݱȻڰԭ
Ȼ֪͢ξ䣬𲰲裬Ǳһ͢ξ˵оȣɫȴûб䡣
ݱ⣬ֿŵĳЦ˵ȥأ
Ѿ£
⶯ǴԼݱ״վ͵ЦáãңҲܲ˳ۡ
˵ţһǹմϵʱзһƷȥ
ⶾմ֮Ա߻гţִתƷײš
ҹԭϵݱƷഥȻΣײɢڳִ
ţݱȻü۾èһ¶۵ͫס
ȴûд𻰣Ṧһݱͷɱ
ݱһ˲һֱץסµߡ
ꡣݱӣдϸ΢Ĺ
ݱɫٿһ䣬Ȼû뵽Էô
ݱסüҪٲһ
ݱȴֽǯסֳߣͬʱһɫе
ݱýڶԷñţ̲Լĺһͣ඼ͣһ¡
жˣ
ֻһϢоѹ£˼æͷҡҡ
ֵǣǲйٵĿµĶؾȻĶͬˮȥ
ݱֳ۾ָ
ݱ˽صǿȻǰûһӰ졭
ô£
ݱɫ΢΢һ䡣
ȴ𲰲跴ӦأҪԷϴȥ

иոյľ𲰲費ȥӶԷʱˣֵһ
ͬжж˽
ݱüųķӦ
һΣȴֱӴ˹ɫûж
ݱˣ
𲰲ɫٱ䡣
Ѿ׷˹
ֳòɫ¾Ȼÿ£ҹɫĿʼֻһĿꡣ
нҽ
Ṧǿ𲰲ڼٶȲڵǣȴû뵽ֳٶȸӿֲÿһжԷһ׷ᣬ
𲰲ʱᶯʽʱҲ᲼¶赲ĽŲ
ܿ췢֣ԼĶԳãһʼĶܹöԷѣһ󣬺ЩŷɥĶڳԸͬ衣
ʲôˣ
𲰲辪ȵؿֳӰкһͷ
ݱܡͷ˼𣬶ѾֳЯǧɱ
ҪǱԷ򵽣ҪϢʱ䣡
𲰲üһݣٳɣкһض̶̵ĳ¾ɵѬ㣬߶ȼ⡣
һĵڿ
ѾɱѷԼݱĶʱݱǰ̷ϡ
𣬺ܿҪݱͷ­
Ҳڴʱ㴫ıǼ⡣
ζЩϤ
㡭ʲô㣿ɫһ䣬ֻ㾹Ȼ͵·߰ͷԼҽĻɢΪơ
Ȼһֻȫɿʧ˫ϥһϵȥ
ݱǰȻʧȥжֳ裬ֱԷڷϳվ𣬸ֵ£𾪵ػ
ʲô㣿
вݱ
ȻʱѾߵڵأҲ۾
ݱǰԭǰһ̻ɱ죬ȴ˳òɱ
ɫ£ֱֳ̱ϣһĹĵ˳ɫһ¡
Ȼݱȴû⣬ֳ裬İ˴ӵϱ
˼Цŷ


70 Ŷѩ22
иù
Եʶľҹϸϸ, ĶĤ, һûһµö˵񾭡
Ǽ⣬лɢζ
ⲻʵü, ʶض˶壬ȴԼ޷
۾ģһᣬڿԼĴ
һ, ʧ, ɢĵݺͲ𣬵ѾɺմҳǷѾõӡ
谵, ֻһȼ, ζʱǺҹ
ڲݶߣ˫ֱ˽Ӹ
üϵ
ûõġѾЦ, Ǹ, ȼǻɢ, вصĶɲǿЦģֳ, ҲӲˡ
һЦϵһϸ΢
Եۿȥ, ֻԼ˫ҲһʳֵָͨѩףںĹâȾЩɫεعסĽס
ⶫôȻʼյճֽŴ޷ѡ
ֻա
һøлݱĲɱ֮
ݱ
һʱ޷ֻάԭơ
𲰲бĴϣϲŰȴ˿û˵ӣһûһµذŷϵ
һŻֳ裬ίʵúܣɱ˿ϧָı뷨ˡ
˵ţһһذ˹
⿴Լ𲰲۰ڡ
⽫𲰲Ӱó´£վڳǰ棬ؿڣϢ㵽ʲôˣ
üûп
ֻ˰߰ӣߵӰ鶼ûжóĬʾ˻ؾ⡣
𲰲״Ŀܿɨȥ
ûȥвأ𲰲ʵ
ƽ
ʸ⣬ֳ裬ô⿪ҵĶģ𲰲ֵ
⻺ۣûлش
ãã𲰲Ŀ˲һԭͻȻһ˿űһһֱؿȥ
ֽűƾһС͵ײǽ棬ɫ˲ɷףĴڷһ˿ƺߣһ˿Ѫ
𲰲迴ͫУȴԽ
̲ס˿Ѫ
ش𣬶޷شһͨ˸òȴǽʬֳ꣬ԭݣ޷˵óڡ
вء϶ûнвءֳļ仹ļ䣬ڹвصĽ㡣ǵ͵вصԿףӴصĴš
ݱĶ
ΪֳֻһͨˣҲǲܽ⿪ݱĶġȴһֱгڣ˵ϵĶ˵ǰݱ
ɳһֱܣҲܽ¸𲰲ġ
𲰲һĵ˴Ѫ˿Ѫ󱻸ŵĸȴƺɶ
ɢȼţ֮ǰѾй⣬Ѿ˿ԡ
ǰйĶ⻺һ£ֹȻЧæʱԴڵʱ򡣡
Դ𲰲貢ûзĶɫƽϢһЩ
⿴𲰲飺ΪϵжúɽѩΪ֮ұ㲻¶
˵Ļ٣𲰲ԣȻ۾Ҳӡ
ⲻջĿ⿴۱ߵĵݡ
޷µĹǼܵǱҪϸ˵˰ڲģϻѪȥϧӡ
𲰲û˴׺
𲰲ӵĿڴֳϳȥΪҪҵĻھͨң
ĬĬ֮ʵΣԶ£Ǭ͢ξưֻ֪ϤеĶ֣Ժ֡
𲰲Цҳ֣²ҶΪְɣ
͵Ϳ¿еѪĭ
𲰲ΪֳѾûз֮ޱߵͷ𣺡ѪĶأԴͷǬûҲǮöһϵûС
ƽױ¶档
𲰲鲻ŭ
һ㶣Ķµ˵Ǭʲôʱ򣿿ʲô֤ݣ
ҺͷǬ׿ɲǵһˡϲϢĶеǮҵˡ𲰲Ҿ֪ɲֹعһңڽ죬һЩ䵱棬ֻҪǮλͻܹ¡
ԭȻͨףʵû뵽¼˲鵽ȻͷǬĹϵ
ֹңЩ˵ĹƺͰҲó𲰲賰֤ݣֲǳ͢ˣҪЩʲô
⣺
ɶһЩӦÿҪ⿪ˡ
Ȼ𲰲˵꣬ϸϸĥҷ˵֣⣬Ȼô໰ţ
̧ۿ𲰲衣
𲰲ȴ˵ǰһס°ͣʹԷԼӡ
ֻ̧ͷ𲰲
֮ǰҾе죬ٱһҿ𲰲ϺȻһ˿Цݡ
ֳԼлҲǳͣǰ仯
ɫһ䣬ȻһֲԤУæͷ𲰲ơ
Ȼ𲰲ֽͷ˻
һ𲰲ֵ
ⲻ𣬱۾
˵Ϻһ׸ģ
ǡ𲰲üɨԷĳ¶˹ǣԼֵƤشзһҩ衣
Ϊ㲻¶ұƲ𣿡𲰲Ŀһȴһ˿аЦ⣬͵ж򦣬ҩͶιȥ
ǴһʹУʲôܿƵػ䣬븹
㵵۾ȴѾ𲰲ЦӯӯǣǴؿԼ
㡢ҳʲôæһ£ȴоһ⡣
𲰲Ķʱûĸо
𲰲迴ò壬¶ζĪЦǾ¥ҵҩ裬һǳģǸ䣬Ӧ֪ʲôɣ
ɫһ䡣
и·ĦƤһܵĸдȻŴ
˲佩ڵٶ
𲰲ķӦعЦֳ裬㲻Ǹôô⣿ҪڸұһһΣ
ЦҲȴֱ̧̧ۣܿϣü͡
ߣƲԳԷƣҿ̵ʱ𲰲ڤ磬Ҫ뿪ȴƴ⴫һʲô
𲰲ѭڿȥ
ڴһֻƴųɽ
ĺ
𲰲һ㶣ûӦô£ȴſڴȻһ죬һĺѩ֮ϯͬʱէȻ𣬴һ


71 һӾѩ23
ȻȻ¶, кּ, ɱ⡣
ݱƿſڴһӰִ, ź⣬һ˲𣬴͸ɵľм
𲰲һ, æҪܿ, ȴһϸϸٿȻֱͫʡ
·˲䱻˻ûü, ֻؿڴشѲ, ճĽѾûؿڡ
˶Ѹؽ׷ɣǽϡ
ۿɼĵطѿʼ˪
ɽ죿 𲰲˲⵽شؿڴƬƬѪ, ԭ׵·ʱȾ졣
Ѫӿ, һ, Žͫ, ̧ͷſڴѾڵӰ
˺ᣬͶʮ꣬뷿ڵĵһ۲ڱһش, ֱֳڵķȥ
ҲſڴĶʶ̧ۿȥһ£˿˿ıѩ⣬ĿֱֱԼϡ
ڵӦжǱжǱ
Сݱö½ģ⻹ѵ
ûʲô˵ĻҲϵܵȴˡǰĽϢܱߵҲܵ䣬Ȼһ뿿ĸо
ĿⴥⴽߵѪ͵һ䣬о˲£ǽϵ𲰲һȥ
𲰲˿Ѫȴ̧ۣһâ˭ңúáǺõúܡ
𲰲֮Ϣ˵ʱʽ֮䣬Եü
ͬʱһȻܳι֣ӿ
˫Ŀһֵһ̽𲰲ϵĺʱ죬˲ǽؽϡ
Ժ棬нӰէȻ𣬽²Ϣͳ档
нĺڣ޷𲰲迡Ŀ΢ȴͣתƿס˿ڷӶݡ
ԭվŵĵطѾд̲ѪѪӴڵεΣһ·Ӵܵ·档
ϣȥץˡΧ·ߵ
ĺƿڷڣѪĳ뽣ʡ
ۡ
ǡ
춯·ߵӰѾʧҹɫ֮С
ŽʵתĿسϡ
ǰݱĸڣҷģʱ⣬ֻԷɢң˫ֱ󣬽Ҳɫţϥ΢΢ţؿ΢΢ţĿʲô
ֳ衣״첽ߵߣ£ȥⱳİɫô
û¡
ƣȥЩԡ
üȴֳ豳Ѿ˴룬ڱȴԵЩӲûټѵӡ
׷ʲô£
æʣµİɫɾ
Ƹ˽ָźϵ⣬ԷֻóƤ΢̡
һ㶣ʶ̽ȥԳͷ¶ȡ
ⱾܣʱظоǰһƬë׶ʱըԭƵ̣ӿʴĸй١
û¡û£һ⣬æֵ˼嶼£
ĬĬؿȥϵĸ
нԼǰֻöԷһѩͣòԼ񾭣˷Ӧ
ˡˡ˿ǽ鰡
ȻһæԱߵǽڣͽ鱣־룬ǽվ
ϡ䶯˶Ŀһҵһ˿סСȶȴƴлϴȣûˡһ˻ָ
鿴ҡҡ׹壺ȥ

⻹̣ȴѾ߹ԼԼſȥ
ԱˬϢкһըڽϵʶս
һ㶣ۿȥ
ʱͷ¶ĲѾһƬ糺졣ûֻŲŲŽߣֱţ΢΢£̧ãؿǰ
ˮⲨƽʱ峺ҲմȾ˲ͬɫʱֵз紵ɪ¼ȴ£һЩ
ɫ£˵ӰӼصһ
ʶ
ĵѶõϣظоϹ̵¶ȡ
裬衣ػ־䣬زóⴽǻѪ
ϡ͵͵ػӦţѾȫûƽֳͼǿӡ
õĶסĿⷺһ˿
ҲڴʱüëȴʲôĿȻȥ
ϣϣǹġָֻһ˿Ż̵̻ջ֣һӽֱ
ȴ󣬽ԭĶʱڿС
Ŀ⿴еľ͵سסԼͷֻԼҪˡ
ǻʵۣ֮ҪõĶ󣬶ովȻ͵ضԽϵķӦˣոջͻʵۿôһҪʧԼˡ
ʲô
һֱߵĹ֮ͣ˵ֻǡ
ֻһ˶ѡ
㱵ؿվԼǰĽ飬㵵ؿԼüһӵײײȥ
ˮ
裬Ҫʲôڱ
½ԼԱߣּӿŲڿˮ
еĳǺӳǰ
ݱķλھǵٽǽλƫƧԱһǺ֧ʲҹɫ·ˮ
Ҳ˲ʲôˮ֮С
裡н龪ŭ
ˮˮ̧ĨԼȵӣʹԼѣϣû£Ҿһ
ҹĻǺӺˮȻݱҩҩȴʱԽԽˡ
裬ںӰפ
ʱȵĻܵ޷йֻԺȴûԷ˵ʲô
̻Ȼˮ˰һͷˮ
ͨˮﴫˮ
΢΢һ㶣ŴƬˮվ
ˮѵ¹ˮʶȥֻԭվڰߵĽ龹ȻҲһˮС
˵ĿζԼķ
ϣֻʵˮȥ
ȫ¶Ѿˮʪ͸ɢҵͷպͺ󱳣¶壬ʪյܣͬҧɵĸܡ°ȫûˮУʱŽ飬ҺĲơ
裬ΪʲôôҡͣҲʪ˴룬վˮе
ҡҡץԼͷݺݵس˼£¥ҩϻԶһȽϺá
¥ҵҩھдı֪ⲻͨķҩ
壬ȻĶûһ㿹ԡ
ΪԲУýɫ΢䡣
ⲻ˵к¶һ˿ϣ̧֣׼Լؿڡ
ֳ裡״ڱ
ڽԼ΢΢ףȴﲻ֪ʱһȼ㡣

Ŀڽ£嶯ڲܿƵ̱۾ȥ


72 龩ѩ24
Բ⣬ˮ, ľˮøҡ
нԽˮеʱ, һѽסԼıС
ˮҵĺۼܿ챻ˮƽ, ˮͺӰߵĸO@ӵлָ˰
鰵˿
⿿ߣĹЧʧȥʶɾ, ˵ü΢΢, ˯ò
˵·ˮʪ͸Ƹоϵ⣬ڽĻ˲䡣
Ȼһ, һȼʱ, ׹ˮУˮɶľ롣
ҡҺܡߣѾϸŵ
һ, ȴûȥǱû, ͷŲˡ
ϺͲ϶Ѿ΢ɫ, ȴûѹƽʱһֱҧĴ΢΢⶯ıһ𷢳͵͵ĴϢ
Ĵ֮ǰҧͨ, ʱˮ󣬸Եñӯؿ˼£ܵر, ȥ죬ץԼĲؿڡ
裡æס
ءĺܡڽ黳ﲻڶһ£оԼֱַֹһ͵͵ίǴ˿ǻ
ѵʱһֱʮ־ʱȴڻʱ¶ͬĴ
ĺʼԥƬ̣ˮ̽ȥ
¹ˮˮеϣˮⷴŹӰԲҲھӨ
*
ڶαŵ˲ۣ۵һƬɫĴʣϷо̴ḷ̌ʮִ£
ָûųģ
ػ顪ϡǵԼݱҩϵԼ
ǼѾŵζ
ǽʵõϣӦڻʹ
ȻӦæӴȴȻ˻һҺߣòס
ϴһʹĸо⻹ûζɫ˱䡣
ĸо쳣Ժ˲ҹＸǵƬΡ
е¥ҩʮܣΪΪӱܽǺ֮Уˮѹа𣬽ȴ׷Լŵ
֮飬ֻģģˮߵԼԼϸϸ˵
ɫһ䡣
ˣʱ򣬶ߴϤ
ѭȥֻʱȻԼ齲Զĵط
ߣϰۣ鷿ӡͣĵ£еֽʣ򿪷Ŷ˺ڹĹŮ
ŮӦǣнŲʾ뿪
Ż
ִŵװ磬Ǽɫɫۣ澫ϸĿ÷ϵ
뵽ΪԼ£ЩӲ
Ǭ칬ƺеʣĵ
ⱳһ
Ǭ칬ӵĵطһʼΪԼڵĵطֻͨû뵽龹ȻֱӰסĵطˡ
ϣҡǹżԼûæҪ´ȻʱһᣬҪȥ
Ѿһס
裬Ҽǵ֮ǰ͸˵㲻񡣡
̧ͷ΢顣
黹Ǻǰһ信ֻǽɫ䣬ĿµشԼʲô
뵽ҹԼǱӱ鿴ӿһ˿æд߶ɢĲʸо뿪֣Լվֱˡ
⸱ģ̾˿оô˷¥ҩҩԿ¶ʱڻк֢еطò
龹˷¥ҩ
ʱһŸɿһϵԼʹʵлϹģѾѾȣѾˡ
飺
ֳ߱ʮ֣Ŀ⿪ʼ̽ɨų⡣
ѹվøֱˡ
˴ԼĬ˰ӣйŮϣԸҩѾˡ
áشȴûùŮţֻԼ򿪷ţҩӽ
ҩһǸȵģ˰ףʵϣҩʲôģ
̫ҽо¥ҩ֮󣬿ܻᾫ㣬֫뵡ұ̫ҽ˲
⣺ʲô֢״ԭ֪
ոջԼ
֧֣ԼڸԼ˱ȽϺá
ҩﻹһЩ˵ѩΡ裬޲Ǹ߹㣬˲𣿡
ݱʵҲ֪ˡ
ɫѿ˺һŵû뵽ݱĶ
ΪֻҪܹסݱĶܶԷȴû뵽ԷȻܹԼĶ
ԣԳӦԼĶ
ⶫҲС
ᵽȴ䵭ǲӣֻĬĬؽҩݸ⡣
⿴ҩһ㶣ȴ䵭ȴݾܾףջһӹҩ룬ͷҩ֭һ
ˣϣץݱʵ
ݱ֣Ϊ֮ǰҪ˼ǰݱȴݱشӦöûлϣˡ
ţȴɫ΢Ȼסĵ
·׷Ѱݱ·δأݱѾѡ
һ㶣·߻û
ǰȥѰҡĿǰûݱϢء
·Ӧ㹻Ӧ˱ݱŶԣΪλᵽڶû˵Ϣ
üȻԼӷݱýԼߵִͷ˫֮ǰսʱѾԷֶֻ˲ǡ
һ̣ȴö˶˵Լ֡


ѵݱ
⾪ֻ뷨쳣ȴ̫ˡݱᣬӦǰв֮δȥвع쳣ݱѾõ̫ʵҪĶ
̫ʵ۳޻֮˴ţ϶֮гܣʮǰĶ۷粨
вؾȻĴôĶ
ȻһϺէ𣬺뵽ԼӵѳвԿס
ݱвػʲôԿؼգĻٶµѪȷ硣
ҰģȻû·˵Ϣ֤·û⵽ݱ֡Ȱο
͵Ӧݱƶˣѣ㴥ۣҲҪС
˵ġۡӦָݱò·ŵ飬뵽ݣֹŹĪӦǣԹ⡣
ܿĬһϣѾڻʹһˣҲûԼˡ
Ǭ칬϶ʲô£ݱĺ飬뵽ֳɵͷƤ顣
͵͵ģӦò飬֪ڽ鷿һ
뵽⣬ȴ֮ұѾǰ͢ξ٣ҵѾ֪Ϥ⼸㶼ȥá


73 һ𾩳ѩ25
⣺˵ʲô
ԵؿŽ顣
ΪԼս͢ξİţ˹ϵͲ, ջ˵ʲô, Ѿ͢ξͷö͢ξҼҪ֪, ָô롣
鰸ĺûһ˵û
Ȼǰڼ䲻Ҫڹ
𣿡뵽ģģĻ, ֻú΢΢һ, æЦǾͶлϣظúϢ
飺
ͷƤ, æת, ԼûʲôôߵģֻӲͷƤȥš
¡Ѿס
ϹϾȴٿ飺ϻʲô𣿡
ɡǰ
⣺
㵵̧ͷ, ȴѾתʶ, ܿ·OO@@
æ, ĿⶢԼĴʷ㶡
ǻĴʱϣһڱ, ʹϤһμʵ۵ʱڳˮ߲õǰѽҲǽƽʱõĽ
һ, ԺϤĽŲܿԼ߹ȡ¡
ȥװʱһɫĵ³޸߸һĸִʱ򣬺󱳼ιǴ·壬θԳ޳
˵òҲܿͦüĿŹĻüīʻüˮư۾ֻԲ΢
ôˣ𣿡Ѿнѯʡ
ӽϻæҡͷǡֻΪϹæΪ񡣡
˵ú档
鿴⣬ЦüЩۣҪ
⣺
߰ɡѾǰ棬ƿ޹ķš
ˣֻøϡ
һǬ幬뿪·ϲûײˣȵǣѾͳȴ
鰲ŵĳأǻʹĿʽ
⿴ԥһᣬջǸŽϳһ·г⣬ʻָ
磬ͷ߸ңΪȵԵʣϵ٣ָû˵ע⣬ǵָŵʱͥԺʲôԼҺֳִͣӳɵ㶡
ֲֳֺͣÿ飬ּҵѾþûпˡ
⸸ȻֱŤȴҲû˸ҰֳôָȻֺĵ̣Դֳؾ֮󣬵λѾھԴеſҲ࣬ЩֳĹλֺȴҲڵֳá
ֺ꣬ȻҲֳ֪Ҫүкȴֳ³󣬻ǶԳ˵˼䣬ɫЩӲذ˻ȴûнţֻվһߡ
һһֻÿһ˴
ɫȥǸ˵ˣ³վֳߣԼҵĴүȼ
үˣǡæӺԺӭ˳
ոջͷǺͽû뵽ָԺ󣬽ǵûߵ˼ȻֱָԼߣֻĬĬ̧ۿλʵۡ
عӡ
¶ӣŶԭعӡ
⣺
ȴ۲عӼۡعǱҲ֪ʲôݣȻһֱĴү˴ؼҡ
ǴӺŴ
λعӡȴǲֻվڳԱߡ
ʵѾǵһָˣæסߣôͷôںԺæ
үôת˶Խע⣬̾˿үָ֪ԣСϲˣǶ˵ֵӣСһֱ֣ʹʧˣүʲôط˶ڰæš
˵ͷ̧۹ȻԺ˶ڰŲݴԡ
طҹ𣿡ʵ
˴үүķ䣬һ顣˵ţȻ֡˻һ˵Ҳ֣ǼŷĳҲ˵ͷһ˵Ҳ
⣺
ݱºʱûлظˡ
Ĭ˻ᣬͷ뵽Լͽ鶼ûùţͷ͵Լķ䡣
æͷӦǣֿ˽һۣ˷Ը׼
ŽǰԼס
סϤϴνõʱǻΪǵִ
뵽պյ飬üᶯ£ȴֺܿüȥĬĬغͽԼķ䣬ȡԿ״򿪡
Ķһ춯
ƿš
Ѿûлصֳסʱֳ֮軹뿪ʱӣϻֽͱʣȴһҶ£Ϸڷϣ·ȴһ򿪵
ԭŵѾӽѡ
Ĭһ£﷿ķ䡣
ʶĿȷ﷿ı¶˶һԴֳĴ̽˳
ֳ裡ڻˣڴȷ˵سų
꣬ҪӴ治ôεȴؿ˿
ޱس
һְͷش£ֳ裬㣡Ҫջظո˵Ļ
⣺
飺
ԵǲѺãʶؿŽ飬ȴβûŭǲĿ⣬೯
Ŀӣ⿴ŽһᣬջǴ
ҪıأⷿʰϵֻԭϾ˴ĥһȱڡ
Ƕڴɪһ£ȴ׳ŵѵдˣ㲻ٰ
Ĭ˻᣺ʱ̸
񣺡ǽ¼ʮһˣҲҪӵġ
ĬĬſڵ룬ȴⷿĽŲתڷæְ˽ŵشӴúúãֳ衢عӣ鷳ǣԼ
˵ţȻһڵվˣųͽڨڨһЦӻͳһֽ
ֽİֽ֡
ŵҪĶˬصݹȥǱϵĿѾȫдҸоĿӦԶ¼лߵģǰ֣㣬ӦۺΪλ
ƺǺ½ӣ˵˵˼䡣ĬĬؽӹıӷ˼ۣȻһЩֺ֡
ĬдĿԼаţнǧ࣬⿴Źֺ֣ܵĻ¸ȫһʾ𺳵֡
ʶؿ飬ȴҲüдĶӦȷʵԶ˱̫ʵۿʼҳǮơپ⣬̰īɷ磬ȵƣȴδЧ
нȷϣ۾һɷµص˵ͷ
ȴûǣϸһ£ȻڱϷг֡
гɽ֪أҲⱾС
ⱾСطƷĹְȫԶ¼ڰ
⿴űϵ֣ü˱ȷʵӦԶͷǬ̰ī֤ݣ˲໥ţعӵ˵ҳٲܣǬӦҲ֪Ǳֻ轫ӻԶ뽫ȫڣ
ü˼ʮ棬鿴У͵ӦԶӦҲ֪Ϊλɱ⡣
Զǰ棬ǲڲԼ뷨
΢΢һ㶣ؿŽ顣
ڰԼ鰸


74 ѩ26
֮ǰ黹ȥ鰸
ⷢ, ˼ֻصǾɫµĳǺӡ
, ѾսĿ
ףعѵǷ¸ˣȻõ¶֪ȴǾ
Ĭɫ
ϲŭɫ, ûгϻϣǿȥ
ͷ
ӱϴεǺгˡæɿһ֮εķΧⱾصĶӦܣ, Ĭд֮ʱоʲôطΣ
ǳԶǬΨһⱾӵ, ۵ֽȫ֣֮ʣַصľЩ, ֲʶ, ô֪Ρ
˵ǺȻ£ڳ˵ɫСܵù, , ڱӵĨһʡ
ϵɫ, Ĩȥгĺ֡
ԶıҲĻߣһ㶡
ʵͷĿкüǱĨȥһʼΪҪЩ̰˭, ûȥ
⿴гü
ɽһƣӳɽׯصǵʱɽĹгڵĶѺţ⻮ߵ˼ǲٵѾ߲ڵĺ壿
, ԶĿϸͲעˡ
оѣֽⱾӵǵ滹ЩǱߵģ
Ҿ֪϶õõңưǺԴ˱㲻Ҳٰͣҡ
ͷٵ͵İɣӦҲȥˣ֪⸮ȫģѡֻô
ǣֳ˰ѴֽͱƸ
ĬȻ⿪ʱȷʵͳħצ뿪ָ֮ھн˶࣬лвԼǰģǬȫѲ
ǳָȻԼûм԰ĵط
ָܹͷȽϺãֳȻôҲȹǳ͢٣һʱ᷽ǬҲỳɵͷϡ
ǵ㬵ػظ·ÿһ֦չŮʱʱԼ
ѽүǰմɽϽĻԺҪġ
Ҫӡ
ҵķ˿ɶ˵ÿƽʱЩ̫̫ɶ۵ġ
ֳ˾ȻС
ָӦҲͦģֻҪסͺá롣
˭֪ո͵ٵûһ죬ֳȥ˾عָġعӡ
ĬĬ̾Ϣֻһ߻䣬һ߻֣ҳͣʣһֶȥ
ʱԱ߹ۿĽü
عӣϵˣֶڳ˵ϤǻʵۣϵӦñࡣ
ⷢʣܿ조šһ񸮵ŷܹܣʬ
ڹ⹬ŷܹܾȻҲⱾܻ¸ı棿
ǷǬԶж
ѾˣȻһôģ
ʳ¶ҵ֣Լȴɱұ׷£ѱϤڣŴӶԴ֣·׷ݱ䡣
ԭǽҪץݱԭ
ǷǬģ̷Ӧ
ɱڵַһҲֹ֪ǷǬɳΪϤǷǬֱʡ
ֻϧʬ̫죬û㹻֤ݡ
Ȼ֮֮ǰԼ˵Ļû뵽ǬȻ߱ľٶ
ҪץݱҲΪշǬ֤·ȴ䲻ҲΪݱĳִ˼ƻûץ
ѾݾߣฮȻƲϴϵ
зɿ˼ʲôüȵȣع֮ǰǲ˵ȵƹٷ縯ܣΪݱ֮»᲻ҲΣ
Σ˼ǡ΢΢һ㶣漴Ҳü
ݱ˵ͷǬѾΣǬϲɱεĶҩǸ㣬ȵҲᡭ
ȵͻȻݱѳᣬսֱԴҵ飬ۡ
˵˴û˵ȥȴȫˡһ㼦Ƥ񣬺ܿ췴ôܣǬıɱȵۿ֮߱ȵ۵Ĵӣٲô治飿
ˣãȻ
㲻֪ɣǸɿһʼ߶¿ڽҲ˺ܾõġȵ۲ǿ˪Կλ𣬿ȢǷǬáǬ̫ӵľүµûеǻ֮ǰһֱӵǰ̫ӵϵġ

һ˪ʱʶؿŽ飬ȴʲôҲûУֻǵشۣͷȵ֮ȷʵ񼣬ǷǬģ״Խųն
¾Ȿܡ
ԷǬӦһܻ¸ıӣ漰߱ĻʿɾͲһˡ
¿ŵǻ֣汻˾ǹؼֻϧֻ֪֪ǵĹְʲô
ȥȡ¼㡣

Ȼ̧ͷŽ飬ȻٹȺĳ򣬷Ը˼䣬ܿ¡
ǻʵۣȷʵȥܶ鷳
ģʲô龹Ȼ鰸
üһʱ侹Ȼ˵
ԱߣԼԽԽ˵ĶԻˡ
ÿͷŴƳĳĬ
үѵԼҵŷͣдѣγ˶˹ƽȵ⣬һֻռɸСˣ˱ǵʳָ󶯡Ƕһ߿ʳţɵ˿ںüڿˮ
ֻϧСعӡڣռֻ̫վԱȿͽꡣ
ȵĻ࣬Ǿռ壬ֻһοӱûٶڳԱų࣬˵ǳԣĿ⻹Ƕڳϡ
ͺ󣬽ɳȥѾһ¼¼Сطã󵽻ʹ񣬽мء
״ʼһһձ֡
ҳܿ죬һĿʮУǺӣʱѾճü֡ЩеѾΪ٣еȴͽ֮ǰ˵ŷܹһѾ
УܿгһǰĹ溭ǵĳƷĹ⣬кͽ֮ǰ¶ŷܹܺҽڲͬ
ֺ˶һ飬Ǭ߱ӦģµĹƾܿûٵ֤ݡֻ谴ңܲ鵽
ԶǸʱû뵽Ϊܻ˱Ŀ¼Ȼǣǰ󰸡
鿴ǲ׼Ȼȥ飿
˼ĳΡ
ùԼ佣ɡ
ģûؾء
еڣⲻԾ֮Ȱ飬ֻýϵһźãֶ˵Ǽ䡣
˱˵ͷ˼ȴûôռʮֿ֡
ֳʧһһĶӣָܵĳֻõ˼ͷŶӡֻռֱθڡ
ܿӦ³⣬ĵرʾԼﶼܡ
źͽһ뿪䣬뿪æ͵ԺſڣŽ˵ع´ơ
ֻӦڽַϡ
δʱͷ󣬽ַϴ˶ѾʼȣϼˣڽԱȴýѩ⣬оȶȡ
ͽ鲢Уʱûеڣڰ֮ǰû˵Ļ˵عӣЩţعӱȥ
˵˪ڽѾ˺ܾãҶǴҵķ̸ʣΪˣҲ˵١
ʲŵѿڶȻûʲôӦȴòסʲô˼
ڲİȵ۵飬ȵͬʱҲǽĸס
һһͬУȴߵĽŲ˶١
ߴЦڹң˵£


75 ۻѩ27
㵵زͷֻϴʱѩ, ͬůµıȪ¶ȡ
ҡʻ, ˲俨£, ȴԼ֪ôظ󻰵ֱ˹Ļ
ӣȻĻϡ
飺
ͷЦ, Ա߳Լüµ, ڻǻߣǰĵ·
ǰĵ·̫ģٽĲ, ԵŤ
ĬĬظŽ˼, ۽ȴ̧׿Զʣ͵͵شֳ裬ûʵ۵λúҪ𣿡
ʲô⣿
㵣ȫû뵽ʱ⡣̬΢, ĻӦôش
˵, ĻλȻҪ, ϾӱΪ˱ȵλ
ǽԼĻ
п˼, ȴԱߵĽ鹴𴽽Цһ
Цʲôһ㶣ؿ飬ȴɫƽ, һʱҶס룬ջĿ⣬͵͵˵Щ˵ûдҵĸ˪ҺͻʼͳѪȣڽأǰǬ׼ӵԶΪ۽ѿس͢Ҳó壬ԴҲὫڵλá
ٰ汾ξȻڽ׿ڵ֤
ֻǽĳǸһصúⱾͺٿƣû뵽ʱ׿ڸ
ȵ˪ԣֻҪõвԿױ㽫ýȢȴΪ˹̵λȢ˷Ǭá˪ȵ۾ѣֻΪ̰֪꣬˺Ժ󣬲ûнҶ̥ѡ
һǣѾ֤ʵͷǬȵйأʮǰĳ¾ȻضԼ˵
𾪣׿飬ȴɫģ·ȵ۵޹һ
Ҫǣ齫ԼĸֱӳΪ˪
˪Һͺˣҵʱڴ˺ɽʽѩԼʲôߵɽǰȻʲôͨˡ黺
ʱʮ̼꣬ǵպɽѩŮ̲ס֣ȵһߡ
ûʹУʱϡǰĳ˶ߵ
ɵӵڿʲôߴŮ˷޺޵ĸףͲܿһ𣿡
ʶһ˻Ӧһ£Ů˿ȥ
Ů˿۾ȻַסĲӣ㲻ҶӣǹǴвܳĹ
죬ȴζסĿֻ߻ķѩ
߽ģΪһжҪʱŮ˺Ȼַſ֣ǰĺӣ̧ӣȻ
˪ʲôǲҲӦĻȥвأ˵֪ɵӵʱҾͲӦð
Ůਸ਼ȻشֻкɽķѩԼãѩ
ѩϣΨһʯһߺһİԼѩãȻĺӡ
أۻ𣬺Զ
Ůڱۣת
˪һͿһʱʱҾŽȥǸвء
ĿѾкݾҲûлͷǾԾ¡
ɽŷѩɽ´жص
Ȼܿ챻ХķǹɽܿϯҰѩأֻʣŵĿãȻؿԶ
ʲôûУڵʲô

꾰ɫתɽѩѾ٣ʱգȴһԼһȼվŵӡ
ͨͨ·Զü峺۾ڵضԼЦ
ǲǶģǶݡ
۽һؼңҶԶҪΪʲô֮볯ãҵ˽ġԼֳ裬ǰϣǽ顣
ĽŲ˶١
ڽʲô˵Լ˵ϣԾ֮
ĬȻü׿ӰӡһƬаʱ죬ܹɹعӣǰҶˡ
˪棬ȵȴδӣĳȷʵ޹أؼƺҲûʲô
ȷʵҲӦǸʵۡ
֮ⷢǰӦ˵Щ¡
ҪôӦ顣
عӱعӰգһллܳҲ鰸˵ţּӿŲǰ棬óе¼һһߵȻعӴҲҳһʵҲ˽ġع֪Ϥ
Ȼս˵ûٳƻϣȴбȾ֮˼
ں棬һˡ
ҪĻӦĽŲǶ¡
ѾеǰӦþԭҽס߰ɡ
áⴹۺ˱ͷ
˺ܿǼǵסַ˴סַλھǶָԶλַԶǸƫŵլԺͽÿţȴһʮŮӡ
Ůӱǲͷسţ˭ΣʱȴվǰһӢһ˿ΣԸߵģǸǰһӣ԰һò毺ãӢͦһ˵ķζһ֣Ȼʮۣ˯˲ʧ˴룬ŸճŵĶ̬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ŮӺͺĿʱʱĬһ£ܿҽ顣
ŮһԭģȻ죬һһʮؽǰƬԺ﷢˵һ飬ҽһҲѳû˻
ĵطǰǿھһʼûֱ֪ڶȥˮŷʬ塣ѳҲѰõطһǿھɾͱˣ˭ȥȽ˵ˮŮһ˵һȵŷ磬ȴǰڴȴûгʲôȥͺˬӡ
ɵЩĽӳЩλҪҪⷿǵٵҽʦסģΪ˲ԵرˣҺ˾ֵͦģסˡ
ܶѾûˡͽ黥һۣûѡȥֻг·ӣҽֻȥǰڶȥĵַ
һ·߹
Ƕ˺ܿ콫Ȿϵ߷˴롣Ȿϵסַ󲿷ֶѾ֮̽µ֪һȫϢǰӵĴֶһޣǷǬֱʡ
ʣµһֵַһֱķѾȫǳ
ǬֽŶǳɾټЩ˹ѾãͳⲢûв鵽ʲô˿ǰȵλʱŷܹܵסַ
ŷܹܵסַھǣھǾϡͽ鵽ʱֻסַһΪԺӡԺӲݴǻķѾõӣ˾ס
г书ʶǳȴ˵ĺ
Щ죬̧ۿ飬ȴҲüȻˡ
ط֮ǰ̽ļķϵסַһ
ͽһƿԺţԺİȥ
ߵýˣĶøԣˣһ˺΢һšŲͷˮ
ܿˮֹͣˡ
˭洫һ˾
Ŀһܿ쿴顣
ҲĿһ䣬ѸٰסߵĽ
˶ıڼ䣬ǰã˶ʹ˴
ݱ
˶һۣȵڽǰ
⽫
˵ʲôȴһ߿Ժӷš
⿴ȥӣȴ˲һɫŨ̴ӷŴٿشܳ
ǶԼаһ£ɨȥɱڣǰŸŴѵһ춯һӰѾӴûֻһӰ
ݱȻܵô죡
æ䣬ȴѾŽݡڷһˮ裬ˮƮһ鲼ˮȻǸոݱˮ
ڻ˵ĺ
ͽͬʱǺȥֻڷĴϣһɫҰף˫ĿգϢ΢Ȼ׷ɱݱʧ·ߣ


76 ־ѩ28
عտ·ߣȥ׷ݱ״
ݱԭŷܹܵķżȻ, 뷽Ǭй, ϶ʲô֤ݡ
ȵȣɫһ䣬Ҫ, ȴڣݱӶݵķ׷ȥ
Ṧܿ죬Ѿǵһݱ򽻵һҪ׷ݱıӰ
ӶǰӰͷ׷, һ, æȡ
ȣУѾһΣݱٵóѡɿӹߵľ۹һ֦ľ, ݱȥ
ݱҽһ, ƶʱ֦ᴩһ˲Ѫ졣
лûȼ׹ڵأһ
ֳ裡ݱĿæǰܿ, ݺݵ, ֳ, ǰҲƽϣûꣿ
¼, Ѿ֣ԴӼֳ󣬳⾹ȻûֶǣǰˡҪ, ¼һڶģֳ֮ڣȴ÷˼
𲰲ԭòʱȴƵ˲ɫ¶
ߣ뷽Ǭ໥ᣬǬ߱ɣѲ˸ϵȴѣһɱһƳ𲰲Ҽ¡
𲰲ɫһٱ䣬æ˵ָ񵲡
˫ƾ壬𲰲лŵѪ֦ʱΪ촷ۣͬʱֱӦϣش
˵ҺͷǬ߱ϹϵҵĶĶҺθɣ𲰲۶ϵֱҧгݵ
ȻԼףǾ͸һ͢ξǷǹռ
źȥ
ڽвǣһЩӣݱλҲ˲ٸֵ壬ҪţܵǣϵҲһôָϳ׬ôֳĹ
𲰲ʹòѪִ򲻹ֳ裬ǰֲֳǽ첻Ӧеصز顣
ȴҵġݱܲεˣһʱۿԷȻԼǰʵǳϡ
н䱸Ŀ𲰲ϣȴ𲰲ԭѪ˿ڴʱѾѪҺᣬıߵƤ˿ڴǡ
˹Ȼè壡
۾ٶ֣ȴ𲰲ҲͷԼ˿ڣĿ¶һ˿Ū̧۶ǰ׷ӣҲʼŹ΢ֳ裬ûͬһˣ
Һͬһˣ΢΢һ㶣漴Цǹӷʲô
𲰲ŻѪֻоֳ˾ֳӲʯͷͲ֪вΪ˭𣿡
ܿƳĶĿһȴЦҰ׽ãȻʲô֪ˡ
˵ţٲ˵Ѿûǧʱ˵գӿƣ𲰲ͷѹ¡
ԽԽˣʱҪֲ
֣裡𲰲ģͫ׼þٺˡ
˵ķһϵļУӵ;лǱǣһɨҽһӿ׹ȥ
ݱˣ׷ǰȥȴԷĵطһ̲ѪʹѪĽӡûпݱӰ
ѪĽӡһ·ţ쵽ӵļС
;ϣֱеʯ·ߣѪѾʧǰʣµĽȺƥģ֬۵ģҲи·̿һۿȥʮˡ
⿴ȺĬʶ΢һһլߣñ˼¡
Ѫζ
ϢַŰѣжľҡ
ڴOO@@Ļ·
ٲɣֱһŶ롣
洫һŮӵ
һ㶣æԴȥֻլ֮вûи䣬һŮͷվڴߣź󱳣æתͷؿų⡣
Ůӵò㣬ȥʮֵÿˡ
һ㶡
˭Ůӿ󣬺µص·סԼ̻¶ؿڣ㡢㡢Ҫʲô
û뵽һٿطӦ˲ǵͨ죬˵ǸǸǸҽˡ
ͽӣŮӵؿ
ҲġŮӵᣬæڵ
Ůȴ޵øˡ
һڷ䰲οҲǣֻûŻææȴӷ˳Ϸһ㶡
һʼŵѪζΪݱû뵽һ󣬶ʱЩɵۡ
Ůδţ촩ʲôģȥҪǻô죿
վſںһᣬòԣֻøղŵŮȻİȴһֱû̧

طӦæƿţֻŮԭվŵĵطĻ˵Ӱ߹ȥֻһ׵մѪڵϡ
լһരĻ𲰲ټ
ɫŹֵؿ𲰲µ·ֻһһ󣬵̾˿תзŷܹܵԺӡ
Ṧ죬ӵʱ䡣ȵٽڵʱֻ·ߴӴ£Ǹո˹ӡ
ſڵĽŲæתǳԭ黺˻
ûˣʵ
ҡҡͷܿ콫ո׷ݱ˵һ飬ȴʡݱ˵Լһ˵顣
ȷֳˣɫŻָƽݱ˼ΣգԺ㲻ա
ĬĬ
ݱĸ·߶Ӧˣܹȿ£߾û˻ˡܲؿŽȥ׷ݱɡ
Լ̬ȣû˵ʲôֻءšһ
·ôܿתƻ
йݱĶȻѾ⿪ڻٶԣһֱԲѡ鿴·ߵΪƹʱûΣգǵôȻعڵĶԡ
˵ͷ·˵ҪڰҲòˣعӲعൣġ

Ĭ˻ᣬ׻ǵͷ
ܿ챻Ž鰲ٺ·ߣվ
鿴飬ֹڻûٶ˵ʲô³
ʹķȥ
ʱһѾȥɫʼڣ⿴һɫù˱ָķȥ
ǰһߴţ̤ܶأŶһϣһҿУһͨԲϸϸĦ
ˣϻ˻Σɵڵϡ
õʲôֻ˵һۣƹʵ
ЦϺ飬ҿͦģȻ֪
⣺
Ƴǡ
ڨڨżҾͿƷôĳ̶ȣ͸ȥ
⣺
ˣһܱ췭ظָʵ̫ˡ
ߣ·д˱ͽϢ
첻ǶԹôڻڲ飿ǼӣȻҪ˶Ϣ
ʱޣ˶ԵѾȥ˵Ϣں˶Եǻûлȥ
ûץݱ޷֪ǰŷܹﵽʲô֤ݣҪ֤ݣֻµͻƿڡ
Ұнڡʵǲò顣
ɵӣȻõĹģ鷢Ժ
Щ顭Ҫ뿪ġ
ûлȥˣܵú˶ãǾ㶵
ȴٹܣܿ쿪ʼһһաһʼڳǰϴɵֳⲻֻ÷ζܵ
ҹٶȽ٣ţʱֻܿʣµǵͳⷭҳ
ֹһʱҹ紵
ĿҳɨأĿͻȻϡ
ϴ󲿷ֶǵط;٣漰񸮵ȽټʱȴиֺǼڲٶص
ŷۣ˷
һûбߣŵĳۣ
ȻһȴȻɫףֻо֫ٺľͻȻһ£ԭѾĿںȻǱʲôһ㣬Ȼʹޱȡ
﷢˵졣
ʹɵ˴εڵϣ˱Ŀһš


77 ʳѩ28
ĶС˲侪˯ĵǡ
ôˣԺ濴ȥ, ֻ˯֮ǰߺ˶˱ֳʱ˵ϡ
ǿһ, 
ֳ嶯˶û, ҲûӦ
ڲһ˿ԾһԾ£ߵֳߣſֳʱɫֽ, ɫѪɫ, Ŀɢؿǰһ˫ȴץסǰ½
ιҡֳ, ôҲ֪ǰ˳, æֳ壬æʵֳ裬㡢ôˣ
죬ش, ؿڴǱʲô, Ϻݺݵؾһ, оȻ۵һ仰˵
ȫ亹һ͸·ǰ
ǻǵһμֳô˵֢״, æֳӵϺᱧƵϡ
ֳ迴ŸӸߣ֪ǹǼСƫݵԵ, ȴᡣ
ᵽϣŪһŵġ
æסĿڵ֣½鿴ȴֳؿڳһ˰ȴʲôûС
˰̻ۣǸոȬӡǻ켣Ҳ֪ؿڵΪֲвǸҲȫû뵽ֳǰҲܹôصˣһʱЩȡ
ʲôһ޴롣
ֳ裬ҵعģǾɼҪҪйվҲһ£æʵ
۾û˵
ˣҰȥҽʦ
ˣֳڲǲ˵۵˵
ϣǬӵӦñˣܳȥſܻûµġ
ֳҪǳ£λعӡ֪ԭ򻹺ã֪ĻҪΪģˡ
ǸϽ·Ҫתţȴ·һץס
㡣ǻͷȴڴϵֳ費֪קסȻǲȥ˵˼
ֲΡΡģûжüûֳ輸䣬Ŀȴֳϣһĵٿû֮䡣
ȵȣһæץֳ֣ÿ䡣
ϣĵžֳļŲһʧۡ
򴦵ľԣһֳȻɴ۾ٶȾΣûбǯסֽץסؿڡ
һͨ͸߹ң¹Ӵʱзһ˿⣬΢ȵ¹ȴ˪һ
㡢йơǿŵһڵ˵ƳƽʱǱúϫӰ죬ʱˣôйƣ
ڽ¼ھţƫԶ置ֳȻ͹
оɣæߵ߽ȫϣȻʱֳֻѾǴˮ̳һѵûһֻڴࡣ
ϣһĵֱϷȥһֳ轫ͷ࣬һƺߡ
ֳϵĹƾȻֹһֻ
ǿľȴҲ֪йƵĻҽʦǿ϶ûõġҪƵĻȥ置붮Ƶ⡣
ֳϵĹֻڶӦʱܵϫӰ죬ûб¹Ƶ淴ɡ
֮һһֱǽΪɵĶһйƾͻˣжܡֳ˹ƣҪǣűߣ
ֲֳǻܱ˰ŵˡ
Ƿһ㶣ߵֳȻ˼˵йƣʲôƣ
ˣ
æȥֳֻ軹ڴϣϻһӣƺѾٷĿѾǰӣŴʡ
Ĺǧ֣ô֪еʲôơѵҲ֪Լйˣ
Ĭһҵݣ˶¹ƣ
ü
Ҳһӣֳ˵ֻһͨĳ͢٣޸֮һǸ䣬ӴҲͨˣֳݹϵȷʵû˻¹ƵĶֶΡ
ֳȻõвصԿףָôȫӦûûע⵽ԼֳݻǸɸɾϵĹҲǽϵµġ
ô£ܲƽʱԵĶɾɣæɫһ䣬뵽Լ⼸վֳһʳæŻ˵ÿ궼۹ѣֶܲɡ
˵ţŻŴ򿪴ֱȫһ顣
ƣر۾ֻ֮ڷӦ֮ǰʳʲô
ȷԼûйƣŰ뵽ǳʲôйƵ·ͬСɣҪҪعӹҪؼҵˣ˵붯ơ
̧̧ŷڻƵĵƹ⣬ܿϣɫƽˮ²ܸ
ǵܹ㡭
üȻһ£ҧҧѾЩ黹ǲ֪ĺáǣ°뱲ӻʹṦĻҪ͸¶йƵ顣
񣺡ֳô˻в
ӿһ˿ԺֳֳָոյģǺʹȴҧ̣˿ӣϢ΢ȴĶǣڵӻ̲ס࿴ۡ
Ǻÿϧϲ𣬴Ҳֻع˲Ų̵ֳ˰ɡ
ͷȴ˵ֱʼ磬
ȻֳҹѣϷȥ˯ţ̧ͷڷķ俴ȥֵιֳ裬ҪһйƷˣô죿вصԿô죿
ûж
˯ˡ
̾˿ֻñ۾ʵʵ˯
ֱڶ磬ǲ˸𴲡ֳôȴԭ˱ѾʰɾС˺׷мȣյĺʵӡ
΢΢һ㶣߽ڷ鿴ȴֳѾûӰֻͷķ˻ðǸ׼ġ
ֳ衭
ǿŷ˻ùпһڡ
*
һϴ壬»·ǰ˷סַ鿴
˷Ϊ񸮵ˣһһͨĳۣ¼ϾԲżȻܹܻ񣬻ջ
챻Ƴĥһʱɫǲ԰ףҶ鲻ߣ룬һȥ̽
˷סھǵƫƧСڣһСŻլӣѭŵַ⣬ȴͷլ˵Ķ
΢΢һ㶣ǰȥլ¹
ֵܣֵܣҰɡߵԽҲԽԽʲô鶼ǰˣǶҲѾյʳϺٻᵥ㶫϶ǳˣڹʳһֱصúСģϾԲᷢңܷܲŹң
ᵽ飬ѵŷĳ۽˷
ǣΪò˵ܺãǼνġԱ
һݣһãɿ嵽լǰһ߿ԴķţȴԺ˲ҽһһİСӳǰһͱ
ͱȻû뵽ʱ˴㶵ſڿ
˸һ棬ͱѾһ˿ؽӳ˷Ķӣķ򿳹
ͫһҪ֣ȴ˱һ
Сģ͢ξ鰸ǰˣ


78 ѩ30
͢ξ
üҪֵջ, ǰ, æá
Ժſڴ͢ξεѾ˽˼ͬʱγ, һ˳ǰ˲һһվǰλסˡ
ִû°ɣڳǰͶֳ죬ǰ򶷵͢ξƽ
û¡, ˲뵽ʲô, 嵽ǵµĽ˷ǰ
˷ڸͱһ飬ʱѪ, Ѿǳ, һۿȥ϶Ȼˡ
ȴס˿ڣһֵֻĺ󱳣һ
˷۾
ǬµʲôѶˣ״ʵ
㡢ǡ˭˷ʹύӣҲö϶
͢ξֳ, רְԱ, ڵ鷽Ǭ, Ҫɱڣ㲻ܸ淢𣿡
˷ȼϣ, ųǡܾң
¶ıɱʵۣҲھͿвй, ǣǣˡ
˷
˷һӳĬ
ڳƽ˵ս֣ͽ˷ĶԻҲһЩʱ΢΢һ㶣Ȼû뵽ֳ˵Ļ
ҪˣΨһĻᡣֵ
˷⻰ȻʹҡĲࡢҵļ˺һ¸вҡġû취
ˡ׷ʡ
ҡҰҵķ۶յˡ ˷ҡҲ֪֪Щʲô
⣿㶣üͷʲôʱ飿
ʮǰϣͻȻѪ⡣˷ƻعⷵյ۾ִˡִˣܰ⵹ǬҺúޡҺúޣвңǡû취
ƴųӣضų⣬ȻĿеͫȴѾ
ųԼջصڽ˷ʬϵ֡
ʮǰ·ǰһ졣һϣȴһ𡭡ʳҲһ̸㣬嵭ĺܺθڣʱԾض顭
ַ̧ԼĿλã£ָ
Լ췢Ĺƶôˡ
û˻ֳ¹ƣǽ֮ϣڸȨλáԽġ
žµĲͺУǴ¶΢Ц
Ŀһ£ڻ˿
ҺáҺýûǸ㡣
ִˣΣգȥˣȸϽ뿪쿴ɫԽԽ԰ףֻصɽʱѪɫӣвɵһ
áش
ΪӦæᵶǰƽ׽ˡ
ȴû뿪ƽǰɱ˷ˡ
˵ĹȻ֮ǰֹĳļ룬͢ξֺܿмܳȻû뵽ʱɱ͢ξˣʱʱԣ׼Ṧ롣
ܿһУǿбƽЦһҪڿշɳԺ䡣
ƽãؿɱַС
ȻĿһһһССʯٿشָⵯֱϥǴȥ
ʮֿأҳԲһУʱڿУʱԼϥǹǱʲô͵һ£ԭ̤ԺϵĽŶʱһۡ
һȣӿе䡣
ƽһ㶡
ô£ôԼȥˣ
ⵯʯӵĶֳ˭ûпƽΪ˹̣ܿ췴Ӧæȥһһм˵Ĳϡ
ƽɿس˵ɨһò˵˭˼кĿģΪڴף
͢ξһְѾã˵һơɨϵĽ˷ʬ壬Ϻܿ측һ˿Ц͵쳯Լͷҧ¡
ãƽһû뵽˺ֱѡҧԾ
ӦһģۿžҪֹȴԼǰȻӰһ˴ʹǡһϸ죬ɱֵʱֱж£ſһߣҲû취ȥҧԼͷ
Ȼֱһ˵°͸жˡ
ԭɱַʹ
ƽһ㶣ɱֵĲҺߣŻ̧ۣͻȻߵֳ衣
ɱֵ°ͣ͢ξжģֶõ뵱ı
ոһֱںɱֲϾ˼ֳģʱֳʲôʱԱߵģôɱԾģȻһ㶼֪
ֳģƽʱ͢ξǸɢ͢ξģɴʱ䵭ɫ԰׵ԵʣϾȻһ˿Լһ˿ƽʱ
֮ǰֳȫһ
Ҳһ㶣ͬȵؿֳ衣˺һŷӦִˣ㡢ô⣿
ִ˻ȥˣִʲô
˷Ѿˣ֪ࡣѾջֵҪѺ⵽͢ξй֮ǰˡ
áƽͷȻǾòԣϵʬ壬üˣ㲻岻ڸ٣ô㡢ʱʵһֱڲ鰸
Ҳ¶һ˿ŹֵɫֳٵҲҼ˵ǻɹ˹֪˵ģ͢ξĹֳ֪ǻʵ۵ˣǻڹ޵֣ܳŵ֡
ֳƻɽҪϳǱȻģھǴöˣȻҲٲֳʱֵֹܾġ
Ҳû뵽ھֳ衣
ֳٵҲ΢΢һ㶣Ժ뵽ҹĳǺӡ
롢롣Լ
İӻѲ֤ݣβ鵽ģⲢûзϣֱʵ
ƽһ ܿ͢ξһȻˣ˵Ǵȥ׷ɱһҵɱ֡˵䲻Һһֱڳſڶأκһɱƣ㰵Ѱ鿴
׷鵽ͻȻʧһһѲ飬ͿֳײһլԺĴţ˲
ȥ飬ҶѾ֪ˡ
İֻʣʱ䣬Ҳƽؽܻĺ˿סѵĺһйϵ
ֹһйϵͷǬҲйϵ̵
ࣿƽһݡ
ǬǼԴ֮ĸ󳼣ȨҲ͢ξ참ʱͨ뺵ˣȻԶǰȥǬУȴΪһϵڣһֱûȥɷǬĶ
ȫû뵽ֳ⼸鵽Ǭͷϡ
Ҫ֪ԶǷǬұۣڷǬԿܹ÷ǬһģԼŶҪˣʲôĿģ
͢ξ䡪ֳϴ͵͵͢ξϣ⼸ֳʲô
ƽĬһᣬѹˣ˻ڲͣӿǣҷǬӹԴһǰһפҲԭڣ⾩ȷʵҪˡ
ɫɲ԰ף۾ȴ䣺Ǿͱˮڣһᱣûϵġ


79 Ѫѩ31
˵ϵĻƽ, Դ˵ֳ, ȥƮƮĻƺ˷
ǡǬھ̾˶ʮ꣬Ԫ, ѾԺҪȻԿ̸סֳ費һոս͢ξ䣬ʲôͷǬԿ
οǬ»н¼ĸ֣͢ξ˶Ҷ֡ƽֳ, һĹ, ײеĽﷸ׶༪١
ɵֳ赣ԱߵԳһ, ֣صͷȻ, Ҳᱣִˡ
⣺
ƽ
죬Ǵɽֳļһ
ƽɵö࿴ۡ
ܻһйصˣǷǬɳɱ֣˵һشͻơܿؽ˰, Ѻš
ƽ춼Ǵ͢ξĹٷ, һ·ӾѺ˵ע⡣Ա, ƽһѣȻ鿴ĿвһЩ书, ͷģкģģҲиֵͽ, ھǽǻȥ
⿴ƽһ͢ξɱѺηڣʱ
յ֪ץ˸ˣٹȥѯΪ˴жֻƽһˣɵֳҲڵʱ򣬲ɵ㶣ʵ䣬ǡ
ֳ軹ڸٵӣôͻȻˣ
ĬһᣬǴ½ͳĿϺ˶Գˣ¹ѾԭⱾϼ¼Զ¼ڰڼڳԱͨл¼ǰ˱ʧԣԶŲҰ
ԶȻΪ鱻ŵģ
ƽһ㶣ȴսӹ˱ط˷̾˿⼸Ȼڲ鰸ӡ
İ͢ξûͷһһĨ𡣹ԭΪⰸڸĶ־Ȼһ˰Ѷˡ
һһܻ¼
ٳܣְɣǶǷ˽˵顣ⱾҪȥ𾪳Ұǻٰ¼ϵһһ飬ѪҺҪ»
̧ͷֳ衣
참ޣ͢ξһپһҲܶشɵĵطҲѾ̽ùĿǰ
ֿųóһֽš
鰸Ȼ˽ô࣡
Ҳ֪˵ʲôãӹֽɨ˼ۡһʼֻ뿴鵽һˣɿȴԽԽԣ΢ֵҲʼ
ǽġҹƶԤԼʱᶾһһֱжǹдʱнɿ˵Ĵ㡣
ǽ˵εˣԼĶͷ˾Ȼǽĵһѡ
ˣ¼ϼҲỳйƵ顣
дȵɵ㣬Ҳг˵һ¼յ͢ξֻ꣬˼۾׸ΣüԽԽ
ϣ̧ͷʾһƽ
ƽ湧ն꣬׹лҪֳ˵æҾˡ
ǰٶܵߵߣǲ˼ؿȥֳ衣
ֳոս͢ξʼΪֳһսĹܰʲô£˭֪λεȻڴһĪչʱֱӰ˳ѹյ̬ȣдʮа˾ŶЩҪĻܡ
ֳ赽ôģ
ƽԴİԺԼֳ̬ȴһʼĲмԴеһ𾴣ֳҲûˣĳɳ׵𾪡
£ֽϵ̾ǰȵ۵İĺͷǬйأİעǸ֣Ǭб
Ǭ͢ξ̬ͱˣ°ưޣʵϲ֪ʣΪס͢ξưʱ䣬϶͢ξڰƴ˰˴͢ξͻʵ۵
ǳ˱ĵǣ˱Զ޷ؼա
ĬȻ鵽ڵǬȷʵб޻
һӳ̫ƵԵʣպϵȣȻת⵽䣬˵ûв´Ļ춼ͻϴһɣ
һ㶣û뵽ջͻȻ⣬ٿһ˿ɫһ㶣æְǿɵĺɫѹȥ
ʲô
ɫָ糣Ϊдһʣ
տɫϵ۾ԵЩС΢΢Ц£٣ұһֱȥ㱨飬֪һֱæֱϵʱҲŵõ١
հȷʵһǸ˶ͷ£һֱ˱顣
˵Ļȴ˵æһʱ֮Ѳ
տų⹧һ㶼ѵӣε̾˿ԭҲôġҵ¼ҹټʱҲһݡ
⣺龹Ȼһҵ˹ա
յҵȡȵۼݱ͢ξڣҵʱоҲڻɷ顭Ӧòɺϰɡ
ȷʵɺϡ
̧ͷŹգȴһҪļҵʱֻǻɣտȻˡ
ĬȻ
ռɫ˻أȻ䣬ˣҶǻϵˣЩҾͲֱ˵ˡ
뽲һݡ
տĴڣȷû˺Ż֪ǬƵؾ飿Ǭ»дҾҵ̨߱ȡףԺǱҲзǬҪʵ¼Ϣ
ؾƽǰἰ΢΢һ㶣Ŀ΢ףǲǻҵף
ǡյڼλ֮д·ǬĶҪô¡
˵ вԤС
֤Լֻ壬֮ױ˲ءյǲشСĺӣȵûѪϵһ˿֤
粻ԭԽл
˲˹յ˼
ȴ˪ΪشС㡭
ؿŹգȴյˣ˰ܷõ߱۵֤ݻǲĵĹؼǬҪɱڣȻǲʲôҾһѣʲ뵽͢ξľҲ֮¡
˵ţ⿴귽ǬȷʵûȫȫϾɱӵãһ˴ˡ
Ŀɨ֣Ȼһб¼
¼ǵ¶ӵƳڳӳµͱһ㣬һϮѵŮӴߡ
ŮӵԣէһСұ񣬲ӺܸߣǷǳϲԼͷеӡ
ֻЩϤĿȻһ


80 ֤ѩ32
ݱ
ճȵ۳Ӽݱ𲰲żȻ𲰲Ѿ֪ûˣֱԼ׷ɱͶ·, װŮģ, ɾ裬ԻˮɹӶݡ
Ҳ
֪, ԺֻݱĻ
Ȼ
տ˳ɫ״Ƿͷ
Ǭûв鵽䣬ɼôߵѾ׼¶ʱڲҡ
̾˿
ܹҪԡֵֻҪһ˿, ҶȻ֤͵ǰ

ֻżȻ˵˵, ԴҲûжٰգԣɵö˳⼸ۡ
ʵûпɽ鰸, ʱۿն˿ûо, һӾɽҲһ޷ˡƸΪʵЧĳ
˿ȥǿ׳壬ɫҲܲ԰ףȻ֧, ƺʱܸǿȨ͵˵¡
ҲҪСġտųûʲôѪɫ
ҹƳһ, ʱЩǷ, 뵽ǽˣѹԵĳ嶯, ͷӦ
ֻ˼仰뿪յķ䡣
ƽѾȥ˿ڹɱ˷ɱּѰ, ƽΪջֻûƢһҼ߽ǰʡ
ȥηڿɱֵܿ췢ɱֻǷǬɱˣǬɱ˵ԭ
ûǰԤתҵ֮ǰֻһݺĻ
һͬϴһʽݵĺ鲻ͬûлġȫǰʼīȻ֮󣬷澹Ȼһʮ˵Ůӡ
鶼Ǽ񼫵׷ôθץŮˣ
ų⣬ȴǵ˺һ飬Ȼ˵ͷȷˡ
֪ŮƵϣЩʵ
ǰĹǹȥļдһ֮ڵף򺣲齫·ͰĹϵһѸ¡
ⲻв
黹ã
ֲɵö࿴⼸ۡһγİѾˣ˭õ¾ȻкòŮӾȻͶİ˻һǱ
һ룬һ߰ճԽ鳭дһ飬ٽڶԷĿ
ͷԶͽֺ;׵˴к
ڶݺܿٶ˳ɾǵĸ·Ű֮ǰ䰲ͷһϵĲҲûзŹ
ʱǵĽ˱ͱ࣬һЩϵ˿к飬ɵö࿴˼ۣһһŮеĶŮĻǸĴӷټԲɵôȤһʱ侹Ȼܿ
οⱻ͵Ůӻò߶ٶС
ÿŮȺ۵ġ
˲ã˿ȺһɫƯŮ߹ŮӸӺͰò࣬ôݰףʱȺҪǵķȥ
ڳЪŵĽ˼״໥һۣɵŮӿȥ
*
ȴûйܺΣú㷵ָ
ҹֳڹƳ淢ҹصؽдˣԾϫֳڵĹƳӰ졣
й۲ķӦȴɫƽƺںƳ淢ʱʹࡣ
˾Ȼһ㶼¡
ǲ֪ô˵ãȵҹʱֿһֳ辭ϵĹĵŸ첲ϴܵľ
ηûҹôأǿֳȫ̶ʶѣҵ׶Σλ͢ξȻԼԽҿַɫ²鿴
һλŻջ̧֣ͷ£Ŀ¶һ˿ϣһ˿˼
ȻĿ¶õǼΪǴֳɫǺܲ԰ףΨ۾ȴӡյ£úܣȻе㾫
Ͳ𣿡ǿֳ񿴸ˡ
ڵĹƳ찲ֺܶ࣬ûôۡϫѾȥ¹ӰС ⿴ŵյµҪٷҲҪһϫˡ
һϫʮ֮󡣵Īһ뵽ʱֳ壬ͲܵƳ淴֮ۡ
ţȴʼʣʲôã
Ƴ淢ֻܵϫӰ죬ûбǬôƷǬҪʲôģ
Ƴȷʵ¶ҪأᱻʹԲ˵̴ӼǬȻһ϶Ŀġ
ǧٹ֣˭˵׼Ժ˭µ𣿡
ǷǬ
𾪵ؿų⡣
ͳڶվڷǬĶ棬ڰãһǬ֪ĹƣһӶҪˡ
ǱȺͳһĹϵⶼ޷Աˣ
żؿų⣬ȴžҹһһΣʱٶţɫֲɵһ䡣
Ҫ߳иļһڸȴϸһ˿Цݡ
ˡ⾹ȻҲ֪˭
һ㶡
ѾŶһԾʧڷſڣȫûոջƳ淢ӡ
ָķܶߣû˼㿴ɫһ׵ӰڿտͥԺͤϣؿ
׵ӰϵŴķʱѾָԭòڼֳ֮ųÿȴͻȻ¶һ˿ѣݱ𲰲衣
ֳ衣𲰲貢̫ԶԶغͳⱣ־룬ӣȴҧ㵽Ҫʲô
챻һȺ׷һ·֪ԼŮģҲֳͨˣֳ軹ںдһλȻĿŵв
ʲôһ֮ڲ׾͹ļⲻͰֳǰ֣Ҫݱģ鹫ڡ
Ůӵǧؽߣ߽Ҳʾڣԭڽϻ÷ˮ𣬽ֳһ˽ˡ
ƫƫִ򲻹ֳ衣ǰԿֳѾֳ飬Ļа취ǰˡ
⿴ݱź۾΢΢Ц£һŵ𲰲裬Ҫȵ۳ǸߵŮ䡣
𲰲΢΢һ㶣漴۵ʲôŮȵ۵ĳӣ˵ʲô
ȵۼݱĶйϵǬв߱۵ˣڷǬǰһŮŮʵ
Һ˵ˣҺͷǬǽǮ𲰲߱۵޹ء
ΪʲôҪǸŮ׷ʵ
𲰲һ˵
˸һ𲰲ʱһ׼ܵӣȴȻŮ뵽нɣ
𲰲衰ҡЦ
һ²⣬ǬûɱεĶǲǾͲȥ߱ɱȵۣ
𲰲豣ЦЦڱ˱䣬ܿ»ָ糣Ҫи·ǬöȵۣŮ
˵һ̲ɿڣĿдưŮҰϱߵĳ¼Ҵ壬Ȼô⵹ǬǾԼȥþͺˡ
ʹŮľ巽λ
𲰲һһشȴʼվԼʱôˣȻ뵽ʲôԵط̵ֳ裬治вصǽʲôô


81 ѩ33
вصǽʲôϵ
ݱô˵Ӧúеϵӡ
ͺݱ⵱, ȥвصġ
⿴𲰲豨Ц, ЦҪ˵˵θ, ǴɲأҲȤ
𲰲̵齩ϣһĥһŵ, , ʧˣ鷢ƶ֪жˣӦòǸˡ
ҹ绺, ı, ö½Ǻɡ
ü
𲰲ڳֶҡΪıȤɵøޱߵͷЩ⡣
Ȼûе, Ȼ¶һ˿Źֵ, һ, ȻЩ
΢΢һ㶣æס, æԱߵ֦֦ɣԺȴһѣ 
㡢ʲô𲰲æǰڷϵֳ裬ȴǸԭվ˺ͷģģطֳ
΢΢Цһ¡¹ݸԿ, ˵ȴ𲰲ĻѣǰõһЩõҲܹŵֵָҩұһ㡣
𲰲裺
ʱãǵҩɫζ𲰲ֻ˵ó᲻ᷢѣȴû뵽ԷȻʩ˵ʩ
͵⣬ƵҩҩԲ𲰲æ˹ֿȴѾʩʩȻԾڵ֦ϡ
𲰲æͷȴһΣȻһ̤ա
ۿ𲰲Ҫ£ȴȻһְֻס½ͻȻ𲰲軳ﶶһѩ׵
͵סĸһģһ
ܹס⣬ס𲰲Ǵ´ˡ
öлҲʡȥ͢ξˡ𲰲һӡ
ֳ裡ôȥ𲰲ÿιȥˡ
⸿ؼҴСҷָõĶ˭һֳС
ȻǰľһΪΪģȴѾתڿл˻Σʧȥʶ
Цһ𲰲ӿøε𲰲ΰһȦ˷ط䡣
ǻΪҪ뿪ܾãȴո뿪ûõֳȻܿ췵ˡ
ηأһˣ
ɵŵ˿ȥȴŽ˵òǳϤü߳촽糶Ȼ֮ǰжݱ
ݱ۾зУȥǺѣȻԼҩӣ
һ㶣ȴһӣţʼݱ·
㡢㡢㡭Ҫʲôµ˯ûˡȻֳȻܹݱֳȥݱ·ô£
Ļȴͷû̧ܿ콫ݱ۶һߣֿʼݱ
ȻҪ뿪һˣݱѾܻȿѺعӹٽƽ߽ߵ
һһ㶵ģҪҿѺݱ
˵ݱȫǶǽ¼ϵʮһôε˵ݱȴݱ·ѸٱڣһжӣҶغֱܿۿ
Ȼⶾֻڳһϵĺɫֱѹ¡ϸǿԿϷһ΢Ĺ⡣
ⲢǺԣٶҲܿ죬һݱ·װΣѳһƿƿ޹޵ĶҩݱϲҲͷϽʹ·һ
ǿĿɿڴ
ȷ𲰲ûˣְøֻ𲰲һ£֮ǰ˰

𲰲ڵӣǷ·𿴵ǰԼ

ҪôһʵǺҪ𣿡
ʱȣҴͻݱǳӵ뾩ǲԶĻȫڸϻؾǡ
Ҫǵô죿ʡ
ȻڹƳܵϫӰСǵûС
żؿų⣬ȴѾתڷԶûͣµ̵ס
ǣ
ƶס²Ǹˡ
²ۣȴѾ¾װ˱͵ִ˼£ϸñŮ˻խӯӯһգ˵ȴǹϸվ˲ݻؾ
ˡǿĿת
Ѿеſڡ
ǡǡҪǷǬĹƶô죿 ۼҪ뿪ʵ
򿪷ţһ
ǾˣȻֳʧٵǸϣλعڷĵȴԽĿ⡣
ĿɭɭĺҹҪֲ
д˸æȻعҪô
ĽŲŶ£վſڳĬ̧ͷԶ¶⡣
йȴۻرܡ
Ҫǻزˣͺ˵ҳԼĹޣҿΪ޺ȴһֱ
ǣ
ûٻͷӰʧڽʼɫС
ɫӰӵ÷ɿ졣
ǿŷ㶣һ̾˿˷䣬Сؽݱ·ڷ˸ˣۻط䡣
ûֳ裬ʳֵԼˡ
ǼһᣬȵָǱ˹ȥʲôԼ㳢
ָʱҲֳ͸ϵദòǢǹҲûָǰ¶档ڳץ˼ȺİӣڻҪһ߳һ߷ֳķ䣬ȴϿָܼҴҴææܵ
Ϊϴָܼ͹һֻռԵʣǶʮͷкøУ²פһ¡
Ҳһפ˹ܼҺ˵ĶԻ
ǿ׼׼ൽָҴ㾫ȥⷿȡõĲҶϽȥǰϡ
ǣܼҡӦ˼ܹȥ
ǵŰӵȴסˣָǰķĿ͵һһãѾϿֳķӹȥ
ֻͷҶ£æͷϵҶӣֵ̧ͷȴʲôҲûп
ȴǷ缱ǣٸϵֳķ򿪷ţݱڵҲ˲ʲôæһѷԷɿشӴڴ
ûãֳķ⴫һ춯˴ֳķš
࣬Ȯƽʱסĵطֺ𣬡֪Ȯк£
Ѿֳ߽ķ䣬Ϳȥʮ⾰ֺվһȴӺݻɨһ۷侰 ˵ֳʮİӣصع
鰸鲻Ӧȥţô
ֺһ뵽ǰ˵ǷǬæֶЦ˹ȮӣȮӵĴҡ
ǬЦүֻǲ֪ںδ
Ȯÿ飬˵׵ҲǺȷڷʱ䡣ֺæЦȻڣȥ
ˣȵȾСǬһҪ̡
úúáֺ֪ǬԼ뿪æԹԵӦһ˺
˺ʱֿǬߵһڴвɵһᡣ
Էôࡣ
ֺ΢΢Ц£æѼõĲ㹩ϣȺ
ǬѾϾֳķ￴Ŀϵ˫˲豭
ֳ࣬費ڣҪô죿һֱߵһʵ
ڵĻϵ˵֮ǰܻĳ
ߣ첻Ǽõ𣬴ʱô᲻ڷУǬһʵ
ͷ᲻Ѿ֪ﶾɱʵϢǰӶˣ
Ǭ۵ԭֻǴɣڿ˱ܿܺͺһ𡣼ȻѾ֪ҵ飬ٲá
Ҫôҵʵ˵ֳٹúܡ
Ǭߣªķ䣬ܿЦ⾩ǵĽ˲ǱʷϲĹųϢ˵ǶʮǰвԿ׾ֳϡ
вصʱ򣬳۾΢΢һͷӦá
ǬѾ棬Ϸ΢ЦΪ£ȴ֪飬жĥɱ¿һҲǸѪġҵҪֳԮʱӻ᲻ڡ


82 ׷ɱѩ34
¼Ҵλ뾩ϲϷһɽҰСλҰߣˮ, ˮˮת, ˵ڱɼ˴İС·, мȮߣ֣һԸİ־
ִ¼ҴʱѾǰʱ֣ѯʹ, ܿҵ¼ҴĴ峤, ԳѰݵĳ¼ˣݱ֡
ȵǰϵҽվŮӱ, ¼Ҵԭ, ³
峤˳Ļʾ¼ҴǰȷʵиŮڴšŮ¼Ҵʱ򲻹ʮͣʱѾʮͷͣǳ׵Ĵ껪, Ůȴܾ˲ٴ׵ýš
һ峤, һ߸Ŵ峤Ӱһ, ܿһŮϪϴ·Ůϰ̥, ͷɢ˿ĿԱߵĽŲ̧ͷķ򿴹
ǰ㰲ŹҵˣŮ峤ܳ, ڻ㱵شӺӱվ
ݱʱѾȷϹǸӣǼһڳ³ǰֵʱδõݡ
Ĭ£ǵͷӦ
ҡҾ֪ûƭҡæĨһʪ·ϲ˵˻ΪҸ籨ǸǲǾ㣿
ʱ峤ѾӺӰ뿪ûǬһѾȥڻ֤֤顣
ҸԤԼҪ£дҾšĿһӱüᶨʰӰߵͰԼסȥһֱصúܺã͵ŽΪҸ籨𡣡
ŮȻһһ硱ó˲뵽Լó
Ѿ߽Լķ䣬ܿȡŽ⡣
Ѿ˻ƣּȴúдȵ۵ԼǬвҽѱ顣
ҽ֮ǰҽԤԼ£ǰд·Ǭ֤뽫֤ʱ͢ξȴ·⵽˷Ǭɱ֡
ҲܵǬ׷ɱݱȣݱĻڳ¼ҴһֱڴȴܹΪ籨Ļᡣ
⾭ڸ¶֮˵ԷǬֱʣһޣͬݱȻǰ׼һ֡
µʱݱĿġ
Ѿժαװ̥ǣ¶һӡھǣһΪʼµĸڣҲǽʳĴڡԴӸ¹ȥ꣬һİĵط棬ѾȫǺļӡ
⿴Ĭ
ʱԸıܶ顣
ǰŮʧȥˣСأ
Ҳ뿪ҪһʱˣСһֱ뿪ôöûлȥô룬᲻Ҳú;һ
ʧȥҲʮʱµʱСҲ͡
ȭ
ϵ̫ˡ
ֹӣѾ׼ˡ֪󣬾ܿԼ
ⰸüޣ˻ؾ·ϿܻȽϸʱ䡣״һ߻Լƥһߵ
û£ֹӵġ
Ѿ򶨾Ļصǣ¶ɫ
ͷȷžȱõһϳˣһǵķȥ
Ǭ͢ξʱֻʣһʱ䣬Ҫʣµʱžؾǡһǰ棬ᵽܿܶᷢ
ǱʵۣڵĵһҪ֤λá
ϣһ·ûͣžӳ¼Ҵ;ֻЩˮͿЩҹϷͨǵĹٵ
һ·ܿʮ·ҹɫѾװСһƬΨɫճ·ǳǳҹөһ𣬿ܱߵľ
Ȼ·ǰһںӰ
Ӱȥа˳֮ߣȥǸߴ˵ģ˳еĵ·ǰ
⻹·վˣ
ǰߴԣֻķûдóһ·
ü
Ǹϣ·ϲ̫ܵʱ䣬ûдͣǰߴһֱǳġ
Ŀܿ䵽ǸߴŵĶϡ
ߴ߹ͷϵŵͷǴ
ĿһӴǴһݣȴǸߴӹʲôǸ͢͢ξ߹ֳɣ
˵껰ʱѾ۽ߴĿ⾫ʢԭǴ͵ر𣬵һоֳȥ
Ǵڣ߻ĦſХһǽϵĺ֡
ʶ˲ţļطֳߴӡ⣬Ȼߵ׷ڲͬķλ
Ȼ
ĿһǴ˵ţȴЦһһѺš
ǴĴӺ͵ײһ𣬷һײһɢɷ
ǸߴȻû뵽ԷͽֽԼ΢΢һ㶣ȴԷѾ嵽Լǰ
ÿһûƥͣ¡
߸̧𣬾Ȼȫ·ˡ
ߴͫ׼ҪٶǴƥȴִһ顱ԭŵȻһᡣ
У¡
ߴһæֳķȥֻԭֳͽֽסʱȻѾѣƴֳɢƬȻǴԼϵģ
Ǿ⼸ʮֳ費һĹ٣ȻܹסǴԼ
ߴһ˲ԴհףۼҪߵĴȴǵ
ǽڴˣֳߣ
ҲڴʱԭȥϢĴͻȻէߵ⣬֯һֳڵ¡
ɫҪ䡣
̧ۿͷһѳߴӵȻֱӽԷǴ£ȥ
Ķֺֿݣߴӱһģͱŵæ̧ܿۼ䣬ȴһǽԼǴײһԭܵĽȻǴײ
ʱңǽȻֱֳҳһ
ˣǽ˵鳣Ĵô
Ҳ֪
¼ʮţǽڶʮһαҪֳõвصԿף֪ո׼һֳ裬ԷȻһ㶼ûͣ¹
ͨĹô书
ѾڵϿʼԶ
׷Կףǽæ
˵䣬˷׷״ӵߴܳķṦ׷
ʲô£ľæÿʵ
ţոյȥʮΣգвɵһ¡
кµɫȴǰǴӾֹĻͷ΢΢һЦ
£˴ڣùµġ澣žС
Цݺܳȣӳ¹⣬ʮְġ
һᣬǵͷӳĻ˻سڡ
Ŵλվǰٹⱳŷ磬һϳᶥվȣĿ⻺ؿ׷ܹİ˵Ӱ
λҷȰǻǲҪ˳ɢ⼸˶򵶽ۣҾͲˡ
˵ţȴͻȻйĵ㻮üһšָָǶġ


83 辩ѩ34
¹£Ǳķ紵, 䡢°ҹɫ, ΨƤڰɫĵøӲ԰ס
Ƕ忴ȥʱᱻ뼫ʻҡҡλ, ȴһ̤ڳβеԽԽ
ֳĻΪ׵ǽĽͷһЦֳ, ȻҲ֪, ǱԹԿסҵҲɱ޹֮Իһ·
Կף۾
Կףѵвصģ
ΨһܹЩ׷ɱ, ֻǿвصָǹвԿʮǰս, ǷǳΣյĴڡһֱЯ鶼ûиߣû뵽ʱȻý˿
֪вԿ׵ֻеǣǵԿǴӷǬ͵, ͢ξʾ˱, ϶Ѿ÷Ǭɡ
Щ˶ǷǬġ
ڹƳֿ˳Ѫϴ, üлûлش, ͼǽгǰѾɵβ
ǳ嵽β˿ֳһ˿ϲɫȴú, ѩĽķ
̵ķֳλãǽĽ⡣һǽɱУڽ¼ʮĽͶƽ⣬кͨϣһбʽ
ܿƽ壬ֻҪǰݽֳ֣ܴ̽ࡣ
ǽ˷׷׾һýҲԿֳ屻ԼᴩӣǲƵع
ֽ֣ѾǰĹٵ
ǻһ·Ĵ򷨣Ҳʱý˺Ȼǰ޵һЦ
ͷЦýţһ̧۱㿴һһͬЦؿ
һ㶣ûϵϤĽ˺ƤýҪݽһ֣ԼĽȻʲôסˣ޷ٴǰ
סĶýĿ⻺ֳЦŲƵؿڣȴһľʵذײ֪ʱεغبֳͽλá
ҡҡĿٶƯƣľذ׵ĵϡ
˵˵ۡǰһ𾪵ؿյľСʱ򣬳ѾյֺȻ̧һץľذס
ľذ£ɫһ⣬һĽڿлһߡ
Ѫէ֡
һԼðѪĺ˺һȴһŲȿգһͷժ£˳ŹڵϹ˼Ȧ㲻ˡ
ģǽ׷˶ûϵôһĻɵôʧɫ
ޱؿ˦ľذϵѪ
վڳβĿɨһ·׷ˡ
ǽͷǱɽ֮һֱһжвصϢʱֵܵһʱܵѶϢҵֳ裬ٵҹֱֳ֣ӵõԿף˭֪ҹԿ׻ûе֣Ȼһֵܡ
ϵ鱨ֳ޸֮ͨˣ书ǣ

ǽ˴ݣеڶ׷ϵѾͬʱ׷˺ܿһԾ£Ҽлֱֳǡ
ֳâն¡
ͷ̧ۣǽ£ȴͬýĽҪܶࡣ
һľذͬʱסڱ
ľذ׺ڱײʱ򷢳һƵ죬ֱִײ΢΢˳ȴȻסؿڡ
Ǻǿڳԣ㽻ԿףǽΪѾˣһۣԵ
սָ̧ۿ׷ˣȴһ˿ݾЦݡ
ұԿԺȥȻˡ˶٣ֱƮƮģұɾٸ
ʲôɾٸ
ָ˭
ǽһ㶣ȴؿɫ£ֳеľذٶһǹ⣬ȻֱѳУһײ˼ŵĵҹɫٶȻ⡣
ͬʱԭѹƵֳһͬǹ⣬ҹɫ·ԡֶȥ˵Ľʣĸ˵ӰĿ˾ۣ˲䱩
ĳϢһֳѾһԾͣһϢʱ䣬Ӱ˲׷˳ȥһӰ
*
оڳ˺ܾá
ᶥ˲̤Ҳײȥʮ˺¡һʼ˺ǳᵽˡԿסԼԼֹӵ֣Ѻá
˵ĲҽǰǰУӺȴһһĲҽ𣬵˺˿ĵ
Ȼܿ챻յ͹ĳǹнԶӿʼС·ϣָֻһʼƽ
Լָһӵʱ䣬ϿƮϵԼĳǰ£˼Ԧĵط
һǰ洫͵͵ĿԼֹӵ
ڳקһ½ǣ̲סֹӣ㡢û°ɣ
ǰֹӵıӰǰ΢΢£˲Ŀȴǰû¡
˵û£ɾȴձߵѪΡ
ע⵽ڿԼֹ΢΢£ԼգձߵѪԥһᣬ͵⡢ⲻҵġ
˳ʱʣһ˿ƣ
ֹӣҪϢһ°ɣݳĬһڹ
һ£ͷ۱Ĺ
ܶණϰߣһʱӦ˺һų书ʵ̫ˡ
ֹӲӣ̲ס͵ЦǰҺҸϼҵʱӲҪҸԻһ㡣
ᵽȥĸ磬ܿʶϵЦݲɵý˽
Ǹ뵽ĵ顣˵΢΢˶ٵ
ҲûвġҸѾȥҶˣѾϰ
⣺ϰߣ
ǰոʧȥʱǸоܲӦܶ鶼ֻһһѧҶѧˣֻЩʱ뵽ԭʲôʱҸվǰô࣬ø˶ѡ
оЩܣ̧ͷ£᲻뿪㣿
ô᣿ҸȲѣֻ޷ǬҼ
⣺
ѾͨˣҸ粻ڣҲҪúõػš
ĬһᣬͷЦã϶Ҳܿġ
Цţ˵ȴһ˻ơ
һᣬܿųᣬڳλõֹӣݳ㶼æһˣˣȥЪЪɡ
΢΢һ£ȴһƳԼ㿴ȦǺڵģٲϢһǻµô죿
⣺
вصԿ׵֪״ȷʵԽԽ㡣ڰҹǽһڰĽѾ;ʱǰȫġ
ҾϢһᡣ˾ܾвɵһľذ׽ھ
ľذڣнϵŮӲҲܵ֡
ţתǰᡣƳȺʹһϣȷʵ۵òУһ㿿ųڱĿ˯˹ȥ
ҹ۵紵һ˿ϸ졣
۹ͷÿλԼֹ۾ò࿿һߣķ¶ëθµӰ
˯񾲡
¶΢Цתͷǰһǵķ񱼡
Ϸһ˫۾Ը߿ոӳССԼĳܿ죬ڿһһɽȥ
ɽһֻ֣ӥ˲ץסĸ첲
Աߣһ˵ϥأǲ
ȥ㱨ʷˣ¸ѾвصԿףһվϷǡһ˵
ǣصҡϥص̱ȭ˼ԱߵУʧӰ


84 ۻᣨҽѩ36
һʻٵ, ŹٵǰϷǡ
ϷǾϷĵһǳ, ƽԭ֮ϣϷͨŦԴ˴ɢ, ھһսԹؿڡ
ΪʱȣԹٵк󣬳ѹֱӴžϷǳеС
ǵѾһ, ٶ, Ҫ»һƥ滻Ѿһҹ
ҽƥļǮֱͳ渶, ؽƥϡ
һ߻, һ̧ɨܣֻԼߣеĿ̧ͷܿܿеĿ̧, Ŀⷴ޼ɵֳѲȥ
ЩлٶԼ, һȥǽϵˡ
ҹⱻǽ׷ɱѾ鲻, Щ˵Ĵڸӿ϶֮ǰĲ²⡣ֻЩǰһвصԿס
ĬĬؽ׺á
оԱߵĲͬѰ, ѣԱߵֳɫʣвɵö˶, ׼ǰæ
ҲʱȻһӵ
ִˡӵȥᣬ˹δ
ֳǡִˡȥǹٳϵˡ
Ķͣһ£˵˿ȥֻһ˹ĵ¶΢Цӿȥֳ£ϴŵһĳۣʽȥ۸ס
ݸ߸ߵģģʮ㣬ҲȥϤġ
Ľ̽⾪ȵ
ǺһͬΪʿǰ׵Ľ⡣
֮е֪ĽʷˡεʷϣãԴǬͬΪȵµĸ󳼡ԴƾǬϼ˾Ǽһְڳиһɡ
ֻϼͱǰλʹ˶ʮ꣬Ѿʮĸ䣬걧ǰ¶档ĽǱϼһ·֣ʷ̨ƽƣܿ͵ʷة̨в侭ִ㡣
ʷ̨ĻΧھǣִ͢ξʷ̨˻ǰ֣ʱϷǣ
Ľ⿴⾪ȵɫȴ΢΢һЦִ˻ǵͬʿ֪֮꣬˿ɷƼ¥һ𣿡
Աо¥䣬⿴ۣܿü¶ؾ˼Ľˣ»Ҫ
Ľĳ벻ִˡĽԺǺЦĿȴһת֪ʷ˵Σ
⽫ϵãŻͷĽ΢Цʷ˵ȻҪĳȻؾǣȥʷ̨Űݷá
Ľ⣺
ͬİÿ˵Ļϡ
Ľ΢΢һ飬Ҫ˵ȴбߵľ¥ϴһһϵִˣϷ֪¡ŮӲǰ⵹Ǭ֤ݰˣ衢ѱ治Ϸһʽף
ϵÿ˵һ仰һŹȵشڳ˶ϣһݵӰȻھ¥ſڴ
ϼõĸӲߣ΢գѼѪ⣬ݣǸ͹մӾ¥֣˴Ӿ¥ЩϴűУ˲佫ֳڵλΧס
ƥȻ󣬼״æʣµƥܿһЩ׷ٳĽͼ״Ҳ΢΢һ㶣ڴ峡ʷ̨ķΣֻ˿
ܿ죬ⷽԲʮھֻʣ³;ʷ̨ˡ
Щ£ɵˣܿȴһ
΢΢һ㶣ȴֳ貢ߴѾǰ
ʷ˴ʲôףһᣬʵ
ϼ΢΢һЦǷвԿףУΣ
ϼȻҲΪвصԿס
⿴ϼõòؾһֹĸоȴɫвصԿףԭʷҲ˹Ľϵ£ֻǲ֪Կʲô
αôࣿҪ֪Ϸᱣֻʷ̨ϼЦ
ϷѾΪ˽˼ĳһ·ȷʵֲ书ǿڸԼҲ˽вصԿ׽ϼá
вѾݱ𲰲ĹԿ׽ϼãȨҲݱһ㣬ǾԻвĵλ
ϼõͣҲΪǳȥġ
뵽ЦʷˣСвߵ¡Ĵţʷ̨õвصԿףĪҲڴ·һ
ΣΣû뵽ֳȻûɿڵļϼ۵ֳ裬Ҫֻһλᡣ
ѾԭƽͣȴǷмߣλסľҲնϼãúԿҲ㡣㻹ǷǬ췴ȴҵʬ̤ȥ˵
ϼɫһ䡣
վԱߵĽֳĶԻҲɫһ䣬ĿͬΪٵСۡ
ֳ軹ǺǰһòɫȴȵԳΧԵʱҪܶࡣְڶʿһһУݰףˣһ˵أݺᣬȻ¶üͨϿĺݾ
ֻǸĹ٣Ǿдˡ
Ľһӥƣ̲סȰִ˺αңΪ٣ֻ٣
¶һ˿ЦҾֻЧ
Ľ⿴ų˵
ϼȴЦһƲԳԷƣΪƾܹ˻ϣ
ⲻ
̬ȰǾܾףϼüڽҵҪ߲ߵóϷǡ
˵ţפ¹ȣʷ̨˳£»عԼߡ
ʷ̨ߺ󣬵·лָԭӣԶΧ۵Ľ˿ʼ
ϼÿԶˣĿȫǳŪֳ裬ҵġ
⵭û˵
ϼЦһת
Ľ״첽ǰ˱ӰԶȻϼõĽŲ£ȴ̧Ц
صңȥͿˡ
Ҳڴʱԭ¥¥ȻһӦ𣬽ž¥ʱһ磬Ŷϸϸ졣
ʶܿ쿴Ծ¥ߴȻɢöֱ̼Լ;
СģĿͫһٻס㿪ȴ¥ƿ죬һɫӰն£ɹڰһ˦¡
һȴǳֳġ
˲էæͷֻոմƥͻȻֵһ޴­ϣ޺۹¶ɭɭ׹ǡ
˼£Ȼء
һŵñ۾
æˣȴǰ֮һɫۣ·ζĩϵһƵ˾ϡԼʮ꣬һ˫۾ЦЦؿų⣬ڿֵ
ڴͬʱӰ£;Χס
ִˣȰ㻹ǹԹԽԿףƤ֮ࡣǳֳ̧ۣ軺Цִ˲ϣǱǸֻô¸Ѷ
¸󣿣ǲؼҵˣ
Ŀٵشǰĳӣȴһš
ظû뵽㾹ȻҲˡⳡȴһĵɮתз飬һһʩв𽭺Ѫս֮ʩ罻ҵȺӡ
պȻҲˣΪظüתɮˣֻɮ󻹸ʮŽֳͣķӿ
ͬʱӰṦţһóʮϤѰԿôãͷֳ裬Կ׽


85 СǾѩ37
Կȥֻһͷվķ, òʮϤ, Ȼ֮ǰɽĪ쿡
ɽ֮ʱĪԴӶ뿵, 󱻼һ򵽷ء⵱ʱƸûȥ鿴Ī쿵ȴ˵ʱȻûбǧ
뵽Īʱ뿵̬ȣ˵ʱڽը˵ͶԴΪвصϢ, Դ֪һЩȵĻ, ֪Կ˵»Ī
Կ³֣߶Կ׵ĪϢ, ϶Ҫǰᡣ
һʱ֮, ڵĵطͷͣУҲС¸̾¥һΪպɮ˴һڽ·, վԶ, Ŀȴų˵Ķ, ȻǰлҪ֡
ͷϣһֻӥƼ, ضŵˡ
պʦ½󵽣вԿǷ¸ȷֵ, أҪŸӡɮ˿պͻȻ룬ظοԿױͳؼңȡְɣ
ӷظ֮պŵвǽ£¹־ƣѷһ֮£вصԿ׾ںδþС

պǽ¼ĵ¼һĺɽòڶĹٲݱӲǰ¶棬һǰĿպɮͷ¶ֽѾĬϳһӦĴڡ
¸ڿպʦ֮£ǽδеֵúô
ظһ𻰣ԶĪ쿹ЦպʦĪҲȥвؿҪҿԿ׵˭ﶼǸƾ£ôơ
Īڿպ֮£ʹõɱĻڳ˶òɵ
˵ţ֣ĿֳλֵСӣʶľ͸ϽԿ׽õʱƤ֮ࡣ
һٶȽصֳϣֻվڷ˼ϵֳʱվڵ·ϣԱ߳һŮ֮ûˣȥģҲûһ书ӣ絶ϵ⣬˭һʱᵹ¡
Ȼֳȴû¶һһֵָĿ־壬ĿĪƶһһɨڳˣڱеصƥϡ
ЩѾ϶ԿףʱҪⷴ˶顣
ҲãȻҪԿףǱԼȡɡȻһЦִ̽ǮȡһСС
ʵͨǿͨ壬ͷȴһָתοգָָ
ǵǴӷǬ͵Ķ
̼䣬ٵ˲㼯ŵָϣкģ̰ģҲкġֳܵЩĿ⣬ɵз
ֳЩ˲⣬ǿ˵ġԿסȥҲѶѾէ𣬷¸ظĿʢѾһһԾһֳ鵶һֳеץ
ȷ˪ԿסظҲֳ裬лԿԭ
Կǵģظ䣬˴ӵԾȴԿպĽ͡⽭Ϊһǹһìϣֳķ˹
˵˸ƾ£λ԰ꡣĪ쿼Կ׺ЦԱӷԾ£ֳķɱȥ
ϱ鲼ɱһ˲ɱ˲
ֹСģܱƽĿֲϢɫ˲òҰףæѵ
ɤֻۣͨЩ߱ڵǰ޵ֿ֮ļؿֳ裬ǰȴֳĿ⽥ԭ̯ȴ£ָ
ʱ¸Ѿȵˡ
ȳ֣ۼҪõԿףʱȴֳͻȻջأһݣͷֳȥ
ͬʱ͵ǹìѾɱ
ٹһϢĪ쿵ĸҲˡ
Կףͬʱֳ֡硢ͷ֣˶Է·
ǣúãȴһЦۼܵУһֵֻھǰԭȴ¸ˡ
¸һ㶣û뵽ֱֻûüӦоһʹгֶ
ЦһһѽסԷĵһ˲䵶ɲ¶Ƴ𣬱ĵڿйд𣬻ӳһâ
˲佩ס壬ΨṦӹĽڿллƣǰ˼ջǺһȻء
ԭɱֳȡԿ׵ˣϤһ˲ȫ¡
ԭͶųоƣǱ뿴˭õвԿףýһƻȻǰĻǶɵһ㶡
ô£ողҪԿףôȥĲֳ裬ǽϵĺ֣
ۼԼ˵£¸ԭЦҲ΢΢һĿٿƵֳŵĵϣֻγ͢Ĺٵ˴۾ĵȴһӣһƬѪϤ˦ڵϣһɫۼ
Ŀⴥǵʺ죬ŴԼߣ̧ۣɨڳĽˡ
˵ɫˡ
Сˣϸոսǽҡҡᡢ书ǱƭˣʱȺͼ࿵غ
˵ɫֱˡ
˵ϵһǴ֪һǽ¼еʮĶ鳣ǽڽ¼λǰʮѾǽĽɫȻǰȥֳˣ
ʩȻǽ֮˶֣ƶɮɡ֮꣬ҲӲ⻰ڿպĶպȻ̤Ŀųʩظƶɮһ
һ̤ڵϣõһֵ֮˲ɵòĿĿȴһɨ൶ýԿױ㾡ãαЩαĽڡ
պɫһ䣬ţáãʩҽձΪǽָ֮
˵ţһ붨ۣȴһĳվһ·ȻʯƬƬѱɣֳķֱȥ
˾ͬʱǰֳ費ǽ͸ոսϵСɫպʦǽ¼ϵĵǵ蹵޷⡣
պʦһĽͶڵȴֳӦԿպƷ磬ȴֳɫƽֻ̧ۿŶԷƾûа㺦µӡ
ҲڴʱһӰӿӳٿֳͿպǰǰӰպƾ棬ȴЦһһ̤棬ʯֱһĳպƾֱӶϡ
䣡ϱһԵӰ˼ȴպ߽˿պϮƾվֳǰ
ִˣ³ʹӵǰһ֮Ӱüϸò忡ǰʶĽ鰵·ߡ
·ǽɿİȻ·߹ˣ
һ㶣ֻ·վڳУɮ˿պҲض·ߡϻö룬ȻǸո·ֵ߳ʱһһֵһƷ·ͨ㣡
˾ǰ𽭺·ͨڳĽһ㶣Բɵϴȥ
·ͨպʦȻܻɽ˲öϣ˶Ѿѩһû뵽˾Ȼûг£Ȼö˶˳ڳ˵Ұ
⡢ô£
¸û뵽;ɱ¼ϵߵ۾У˵ȴбִʹṦӵ˾Ȼʮˡ
æԴȥֻԼ෽·ϣһӰڵϣΪһΪӣʮ졣
ҲͷȥֻҲһʶˡ
ֹӣɽׯ֮ǰ͹ӻؾӳֵ
˾ȻǳɽׯׯŲߣ
ڳɽׯãɺŲׯչˣʱû뵽ׯȻҲǻ书ˡ
ңòׯеվȴǶԷ¸һӡ
㣿¸˲ۣ¶ɫ
ɽׯ·߸ס;һ˲仯ԶĪüȴһӵ̵
ֳ裬㶼ô˱ˣ滹һŹٱ߸ϡǲǲӦù
Īһ㶣̧ۿȥȴڱߵķΪ׵һϵ·Ͽѻ棬ֻ¶ӣһ˫ͫ׵Եһɫӣĩ˰һ˵֡Ǳɫȴɢͷ·ɿҲò룬˳ܿǹһ˿ӯӯЦ
ǰǸ˴ѻ棬ǽ¼ϵʮһ˵ɣŵȴû˼Ҳ֪ʲô


86 Ϸؾѩ38
ȴɨڳеˣ껰ͷ, ɤ, һӸߴʩʩȻ£ڵķ
ŵҲðɫק, ҲֻøŴӷ¡ṦҲǳ߾ȽṦ׿ĵǲѷɫصʱ򼸺ûз졣
ϵЦݺܿ컯һߡ
Ǻ, һС͵, һӯɱ·ͨǵѻڽСڳܶ˼ûмҲǵĶɮ˿պ˳, ɫ, ȴ벻ʩȻۣͬѹֻɱǽ֮¡
Ŀֱֳָ裬ֳδش𣬴ߵĵѾĿȴһϲ, ųִû, Ŀպʦ˵ںͬ, Ժ㡢㲻۸ң
⣺
պ֮ĪҪǣֹӡ·Ѿڳǰ, ҶѾʶֹӵԿףȹ˵
һǰһཫλס, ԱгɽׯάպĬڳľƣ·ͨƶɮһΣҲΪһι
һڣкܿ͵Ц
Цԣ΢΢ͷˣȴһֱǽϹ۵ĪѾӵһ¼ϵĵߣһʮһһŶŲϵɽׯҲͿպ㺣Ȼ̵סЩͷҰϷһͬը˱ɣظΪΣ
¸յĸĿɨǰĺŲߣѾвصԿױؼ֮ׯȷҪؼұң
¸ʱؼˣοԿǴСһȥвðʱĶŲߵҵ˪ڵؼңҲֻЧعһˣ
áãǾݹĳˡظ֣һгʵ¸ѾԵıС
ֳڵλΪγһССȦӣгɽׯǡ·ߵȽʮڽ䱸ȦΧз¸֣ɮ˿պĽʹĪһڻ
ʱͷѾߣԭ峿⽥ɢ·Ͽʼ£ǵζԽǺˡ
ɱѪȻһ𣬳ʱһȼ
ڽ˶ųеֳ裬׼ٶ֣ҲڴʱȻ¡¡죬ǰԭʯ̳ɵĵ·Ȼ¡¡ûζ
ѵʯҲڵ¡¡ԽʯӲԽ
춯ͻȻæȥȴԶ·ϣƥ۶ƥ֮չ顰ᡱ֣֮£Ȼаؼʿ˴ǰУΪһȴɫٷװƫ֣ʹʱһȺؼʿǰȴͻأ£ͷһݡ
Ϸؾڴˣ˭˴еպڵĽͺ󣬽һ˵ĺ·ס̼䣬ϰٺסֳìͶܵĹٱг̼ƹڳڽͺͷݵ·صĶƶ۵أһص
һٱٵԶڳĽҪܶ࣬ڳĽ˸ûüӦɫ׷״䡣
ٱȫװͨĽͲöԸ
ˣ˲仯ܿܿ쿴ĹԱֻԷŵ͢ξĹٷĶͷ˾ա
䣬һ֮ѾкˮڲûмڲãȴǾһöʥҳʽ˾е̽еͶߺ黭Ѻòͨ
һ˵ϣȴóһ㶡
ΣȻΪɳ
㱵ؿߵ·ߡɽׯĿڹմ͢ξϣһʱ˵
һֱǽµĶ֮һմһڳĽٶɫ䡣˷׷ԿԱߵδ㡣
պͷŹٱûдеԵţĪ쿵ͷԼڵݶԱ߱ٱΧɫҲһ䣻¸ǱϰڳĸֵУΨ࣬ɫʱѿ
ȡвصԿ׵ģ˭û뵽ٱڴʱ֣һš
ֳĳĬʿڽԱߣҲ˼ֽ꣬һ˿ʼеı¡
һͶԱߵ˿ʼЧ£Ψз¸˻ڳɣĪڹٱֳ֮ɨӡ
һɸۿҪڹٱĽ
ֵǣǿвذڴʱȺкȻһߺ˼в涼ؼܹ˳ϣвػܵ£ȥʲô飬вصԿھǰ棡ǰ棡


һ𣬼ǧ㲨
ԭеĽ˲궯Ⱥ̷Ȼ
԰вأ
ݱǵõвصؼűɽ¼𣿡
˵öԣо书º飿
ﲻΪԿףвر¿

ȺеԽԽԶڷϵĪзһ˿ĹâĿȴ˲ֳڵλá
ζѹһ
⡢·ɫͬʱһ䣬ɽʱ򶼼·߸ǱĪ쿵ĻըˣȺըȻʮΣա
ǻָķȻǡ
Сģ췴Ӧһ˲ţɿԱ߷
䡪ͬʱէȻһ޴ıը죬Կɢɽضǻҩȼζ
˲䣬Ũڿ˱ըģϯԭȵĿ˲ͬһ㡣
˿ɵô󾪡
Ī쿣㾹ֱӶûҩֳģķ¸˲ܵ¸æһߺһɢϵ̣ɫ
Ϸ˵ˣԿ׸ƾ¡Ī쿹ЦĿɨٱϷһͣûвٹЩӾҪˣȺͨٵˣ
ӷ𡣡պţĿȴǽűըĵطһһ
ձѹȺˣȴ뵽Ⱥжûˣʱֳڵĵطըͫ׼
£ȵ
ֳǻˣǰ϶Ҫֳأɸոշıը֮󣬿ֳ׶༪١
ﲻɵһ
һ£ٱ˲Īڵĵطȥ
ĪȴǺ޾ɫߵĹٱ翴ϣлȴڳ
ֻһըЩٱҲᱻը÷ǡ
Ҫ߶۽ǵ̴ȴǺȻһɢͬʱһɫӰڿգеӳһѤҵĵ⡣
ը󣬺Ȼлˣ
Īһ㶣ȴէһƥ򣬳һ
ԣеϤȻһȻһ˿ηоæתͷȥȴǺɫӰòȴüԶɫȻǰɱһĸо
ˣոҪըˡ
ôܣôܻкǸһĸо
ֳʱŵѾԾУŨӳɫǼɢȥѸײڶ֮ƳѾһӳһ˲й


87 Ҫѩ39
ըδɢӰӳڳ˵
ȻûбĻӰ죿
ռֱӳǰȥȷ, ۾ȴ, ͫӡյȴֳӰһʱȫȻ˶
Ȼֳκܿ, Ŀ׷ӰʱѾһѪվλ
㡢㣡ͬʱĪ쿴˻ҽС
Ī쿿ֳʱѾףæӶԷɱ, Էĵǿޱ, ֱӳĻ
ֳĵطٶܵһɴݿûֵأ
Īʹ, ӭұ۱ն, ϣѪȾڵķ
䣡ͬʱϻڻæһ˲䷿Ƭ, ϸƬը, Աɢ, Ⱥ
ԭĪ쿵ĸӵܵ׷ײҽдӷ䡣
˱, ʱܾɢܱըģҲдǰըŨ, пֳ֮ǰȥҪԿ׵ġ
¸鵶¸ȺƬҪǰᣬȴĪĵһ֮˴߳ǰ
¸붯ֹӣأ˵
Ũ̿ʼϡӰŲߴĳɽׯѾڷ¸ǰȺŲѾȡгﵡ
˿ûܵըӰ죬󳤺ɽׯһ˾ȻҲȻǺ棬еǺЦԽΧĽˣһλס
ϻоɫȴȻվţɴ۾εؿս֡
ڵǺ;ߣúɽׯһŵһ·ͨ߳ӭˮӿĽˣ˸
ǰԶǽ¼ĿպС
ֹӣɽ֮οպӦ·ͨ
ĻǶֳ˵ġ
ԭĪڵķ֮ԣԻܹЦã·ˡ
ֳģ
պһȥȴһһŲڱѬýڵĶϱϣϺɫ·ӭ裬¶һȴʧݣŵ˿ɢУȾɫĿҫۡ
ѾռĪڵķѪֳϴź£ȴʲôûзƵģΨһ˫ӡ
ŵѪһһ˳ŵµΡ
㣿ŵʲôֵ飬ؿų⡣
Ŀת¸һĪ쿡
ɱⶼ͵Ǹҹ׷ɱһޣ书ǿòĪѪȻӿǺڵһѪ
ΣպͷҪ֪Ȼ֮£һɱ󣬾ǳɵֳȻ˲ͽĪסˣ
ڽ߱ֳֻǸͨĹٶѡ
պԭ򶨵¶һ˿ѷ졣
·ͨ۲Ҷ
ʱ˳ϣٲɵÿպƣ·ͨһѾ
кܿ˷ҽ졣
·ͨȾѪȣƶɮҲ׽֮⡣պת飬һڻ
˲ڿ·ͨƶȥ
ҲڴʱһϢȻڻսȺһڼȻ𣺡պʦĪΪԼǽ¼ģͿѹȰʦŵ㣬ҵȺܾˣʦִƻǿɾ̫ʶʱ񡣡
˭ֳһȻ˸֣պƵ·ٶɫ䡣
˵ʱʱ죬ȥһ⻰֪Լ˵ֱϺëʱͷݱһۡȴԷ˵껰̧𱻰ɫ˫˳Լɢҵͷ
ݱʲôûȻպȻġ
бæ񣬿ܹ·ͨ룬һĳ
䣡¼ϵĸԳ壬ϯС
ڻս洦ռֳ֮ڻйֳʥ£˼佭£Ϸؾ֮׽áۣ
ǣϷؾӦؼ˲ҵĳ£
ؼоװѰ˸޷ƿĺطպĽֿܿ챻ڶΧˡ
װؾ룬ҹٱѹƣս˲ƴ䡣
ҲڴʱкȻӰȺϣǾ棬Ϸؾʱ໥һۣͻȻα𣬾ֱṦ̤ؾͷһԭĳ˲̽Ŀ꾹ȻֱϷؾʩ͢ξգ
մʱߵѾǰѹˣֻƥߡϵؾ˳ǹһ֮˲áˡ
ؾһһǹѾд̵˵ȥ·Ȼ̿;ǰ֪ǵĶ·Ȼֱƫƣȴյĸȥ
͢ξˣ벻벶ȸںɣۼд̳ɹݷڽ˵̿ЦҺ⼸ˣ
㡭ǷǬɹˣ
ɫһ䣬ֵæˡ
书ޣԶԶǰ˵Ķֻ֣ԷһѾԽסȥ·
ٶӰζۼҪ̵ǰ
¶۾Ѿһ˿Цݡ
ռ״ɫһݣҪṦ˶ƣȴȻһƿ졣
ʲôͻȻ˵Ľײһ
˵Ľһ£жʱ߽⡣ýĴ̿ɫһ䣬Ҫ˭Ԥд̣ĿһƳȥȿԼľȻٶȱѣԭ˵İؽȻֱӱĶ£һڵϡ
ǱĶ˺ȻȥŷǶȻһƬƬ
Ҳ˵ĶϽ΢΢һ㶣Ƭķȥȴ͢ξһ˿ЦĿƵע߳еһһ
͢ξûдŹٷһĺ£վȻƽʱͨһõֳ边ŭ
ֳʵĿ
ǬǺģȻֱӰʱ͢ξоʢ
ˣ
ֳ빧ڵλʮɵľ룬˵Ļȴ˵Ķɫʱ䡣
ֳ輸ʱ֪ݵģ
Դϴαһ˶ϣΪʧֱܣ˭֪ʱԼڴϣӵҲ龪һ
֪д˸ֶԼµ͵࣬ܶ鶼´֣ΪϷ֮뿪ǣʧԳ
ոֳ书һµȷϣܹһƽĻҲ𾪡ּ׽Լĸ֣Ϊɵֵҵ˷ǰĿǣ֧ԮϷؾֻҪ͵ϮɹͿԳɹӶݣźֳϡ
㣬˭ոն֣Ȼͱֳϣֳȴһڵݡ
ֳ赽ʲôˣΪʲô֪ôࣿ
ս֮нӵͣ㡢ǳ⡢ɱһ𣬳ľҡȴֳվڻսֳķϣȻһ
ã
ֳӷʧдһҪӶݣȴֳӰӹͷٶȿúˣֻһƬӰѾǰ
ȻһæҪöϽӴ̣ȻֳѾһ
һõȴǵ
޷ֵȴǱ˺ݺݵҵǰʱһڣſڵȥ
Աߵ˼£æҪֵȴ͹һһ
ûж书һ˺ͷ󺹡˿ڽ뿴Լ¡
Զֳʵ˾ò˼飬վڽ´ʱɫ΢ףȥȫ˸овͣŵĴѪĵȴʱոտĳ档
ȫ½¼ĵĪ쿵ĻһƷĪ쿣ս֣ٶһнһʵǿĸ֡
Ǹֽг¼ǰʮҲиȻġ
Ȼʲô¡
ֳɽĪʱɽʱֳҲɱһѪ·ģ
䡭λܸɵ͢ξ䣬и𾪺ͼʱԱ֮ȴЩ׾
һʱ֯ԱԼڵ飬ȴ򶨶ˣɫ糣ܿףʵˣǱôˣ
俪ڵһᵽľȻǻϡ
뵽Լ뾩ʱϵĽҵԼĻܿ˵䣬ҳվҪȥ档ھסǬҵϷؾǰ̳֧Ԯǲ²ⷽǬܻܿڼ浱շѣ㡭


88 ؾѩ40
Զ˶١
͢ξϵϢǬƵؾ, ѾΪμﻮؼʱ, 龹Ȼߵɳ֧ԮԼ
Ϸؾǡɽׯǡ·Ҳǡ
ãȻؿǰľֻʲôסһ, ͵ܡ
ϻҸ˴䲻õġϷؾѾһѦǰǣʱס档ֵ
Ϸؾ·һ·Ϸפ֧Ԯ, һ·ɹԴ챣ֳ衣ǰһ·Ĵ󲿶Ѿ, øвصԿ֮档
͢ξ뾩鱻Ǭ֪ɳд, ƻǳػԮǵ顣
ϧǳһ־ͱͱⷢ, ǵûд̳ɹٶܻ
áĬһᣬڵͷתս֡
ֳĽ˺͹ٱѾӡⲨ˲ΪвԿ׵ں֮, еĿԱͬﱻʮٱΧ, Ѿ, еĽܣеѾеͶ, Ψм书ǿĻڸ翹
ɮ˿պ·ֹ߽ʮУûзֳʤ·֮ϣֳٱƽԱһĪĸЦӯӯؿ, ΪҲñ顣
״ȴֳ˳֣һݣ̲ס񿴹ȥͿֳһסԷȻһ׽ù·ͨһֱʶʮֵ˵ãվȻȺֳܡ
պƤ
вԿôϣ
պü¸ķȥֻ¸볤ɽׯׯŲ߽֣˵书·ͬһʱ֮侹ȻҲֲ¡
ɽׯڽϲӸոԻʮа˾ǺȨؼ֮ߵһؼӵйأ׷˪ʵ಻С
¸󣬼ȻΪʷ£ǱȵȥȿڲɡҲڿպ֮ʱֳʵȻٶ
ֳô˵ˣ
һֳ˵һĪ쿣ڶֳ˵ȻΡ
ԭͺŲ߶е¸ɫ̴䣬ѾʹṦ˹
ȵȣĪ쿵Ĳ״Ŀ¸һѾæƲŲߣȥ
飡Ȼһȡָ䣬ԭڵĵطѾһ£·ֱӱֳһµĵۡ
¸
պ
ֳһȻ˿ˣȴڽ￳һ
¸ϵֿۣɱеֳ裬ɫףһʱȫǺˮҲ֪ȵģǱֳŵġ
÷ոһжܣ³϶Īһֳ˵ȥ͢ξȲ裬վŽȥŽȥδ֪
ֳѾᵶڰ׷ûκθ飬˷š
Ƿ¸󲻹ϼУǰ֪˴βҪͳ͢ԡΨֳɱæ
ǽ˵˵ǵǶһסЦȴ㲻˵̫𣿡
¸ݣȴǰְֳѵС
ȫһ˵ǣĿ涢ϣһǰҪ
һ飬ȳ⶯֣æ
¸æ˶֣ˣѾ˲ʩչ̣ͳɽׯȥ
ؼŶݼףŲ߰ãȴҪֳѾ嵽Уɫﴫ硰һҽС
æϣȴѾ֮⣬ǰ½һѪ죬˾϶ڵأȴͣɫС
зӥ˻һϷӹȥ
ֳܵشӥۿ·ŶݼƺҪ׷ؼҵ˲ס
ֹӡŲվڳ࣬æɢΡ
Ӧȴû׷תк·ֵ߽ĵ¼ǰʮĸ֡
պʱ̹ע֣ʱ¸ϤߣĴټֳͻȻ̧ۿ⣬϶ȴһ·ͨһö磬˰ӡ
©ƫҹ꣡
պһֻô·ͨ룬۽ֳּŲ̧æˣȴǵš
ʩƶɮ֪ǳ͢سǰеʩ¡պ˫ֺʮ
ʦҪͽ⣿ֳһԾ·ͨԣٶվڳλãȻЦвԿ׻ϣʦҪô죿
պãӲάסõģתвԿױȵ֮ﵱɻʼұ׵ƶɮǰɱΣʩ¡
ֳͷЦ£ʦǵõɮǱĪ쿡¸Ƿʧ׵ʦӹ˵ĻҸӣΣ
պ
Ī쿲ˣˣֳ˼ԼͶմ
Ͼ¼ǰ˶ûжԿպ˵Ļ·̲ͨסվŵĺ꣬ȴλǺǰһվñֱȻĿѾı䣬ŵӻһ㶼ûб䡣
ɽ֮ʱǰκμա
·Ŀ⿴ֳļղ࣬ɫƽȴṴ
պû뵽ֳ˶Լû¸Ӷ֮ĿֳеĵջǻĿҲգƶɮһʼײʩʩ˵ʲôʲôɡ
Цһ̧λֳ˭вԿ׾áǵĿպʦѾ˭ľͼҲҺúÿλ֡
йļг֣شڳĽ˶ͷݣ׷պȥȻԷվûҪֵӡ
һ˶ǸſպģΪռſպԷһȻֱת£ֻٶ
ֳ˵Կ׵վ˭֪վĻͻᱻֳԣ˿ǱըȻˣ˭ɵվֳԣ
ɸ˼£󲿷ֵĽѾֿڴҲϷؾסû¸Ī쿡պ˴ͷֳȺףܿ챻ѹ
ʱ̫ѾգϷؾһһպֳвֻֿùٱͶֵĪ쿰һ
벻¼ϵĵ͵Ҳ˲״Ƕ࿴˼ۣ¡ͳҲ֣ʱȻоԷԼȴȫû뵽ôõ˾ȻôԼĻҪǿϺü
ոĪ˶ʱ򣬵ֻԱѣֳȴһֱ֮ӻڳĶʮˣֱǿĿ 
ԡֳֵġ
뵽˴񿴵⿴æڨڨһЦԷִ䣡ģҰӱܵúܺá
һս۾ų⡣
˿۱ǣݱ𲰲衣𲰲ȴûк;ϣ⵱µŮֻһЦĿ𴦡
Ҳû˵ʲô·ߡɽׯ͹档ովϼúвԿ׵ϷѾ˰죬ʱԵüȡ
һ˽ͷܿ٣սպ˽Ϸ̫Ѻٱͳ;Ѻǽ
µǳɽׯ׼ģ˭֪ոǰȴһѣһ򣬾Ȼûϳֱӷǰ
ֹӣ·һֱֳߣ״󾪣æԷȴֳҧ´ȫ亹˫ץסؿڡ
Ƹˣ
ֳΪ鵲һֱδװͽǰ£ֱƸɥ
ȥСҩȵǰҽΣȻȻأȴ˵˲ٶ䣬ʮ궼Ų
ɾڸոգֳֶ˲
·һݣȴ¼ʮһĵҲŴɫҲͬһ䣬뿪ڣȴֹģ
ôˣ·˲䶢ŵǡ
Ǳֳ˷ʱһΪѡ
屻͸֧һʱ֮仺ʱվԶݱЦϣ˻вصС
·ɫ˪ݱĹ
ݱԣЦ˲ʧߵֲѧвص⡣ߣô㣬Ǳǰɣ
·ߣ
û¡·߻ԣȴֳѾվܾ˸һʱ֮ûӦ
ƶķҲؿڵλã·üֳԼԦǰǡ
ǧ·;ԶԶꤣһ·ǰУܿӰյգϵ±ٹһ·̣г΢Եƽ
㣬Ǽ濪ʼʱ̡
򳵴⣬Զ̫һǰĳɽׯͣ£ؼ¡¡ҲŶ
ǰĺ
ͬʱյѦǰʲô
ڹ֮ˣˡǰǷǬľؾǸոǵ֮Ҿȥ·ҵûлóȻ
ô˵淽ǬѾʼˣü
ʵۼ񲿲ٰ죬溭ƷϹԱ룬Ǭһ˵·
ˣϷؾ˱ǵ֮⡣
ԣ۾ÿȴǰɽһͨʱȻɸߵľդס˾ȥ·
ǬؾռɽԱߣǰǧ
⿴Ǭؾɽƣդ󷽴ԶùӰӡ
Ӧǰ
ֱˣ·


89 侩ѩ41
ʱͨɽ԰Ψһһ·ͻȻһ·, ͨ, òĹԱ׷𾪡
ǵıѾӷǬ֣󲿷ڷǬǵ, ƹʡԱȨҡֱϣ̳ⷬԴ˵Ҳ, ˴γɽҪд·
ʵעֵҲ֪, ηǬжżȻڰǰоͿʼзƵʵûѪԵϵ, ǽ
ҥԲ, ǻ֮ǰûʵ˴μҲ棬Ȼô򵥡
ʱʵǲ̫ƽȵ۽ͻȻݱʱֵӵɷ, ҵֱϵѪڴ˵, ԴӵΪȨһʱ, ȴڰǰѸ˥ܣӿ, һһƺһֱûͣ
Ȩ໥Ļ, ڹԱòʱơ
ڣʵѾйǬҡжƷϵĹԱҲڡй⣬зǬıӳɽɽĵ·ϱƽؿйš
йɻеĹлأʱǧƵĹٱΧйԲɵٴСͳ˧Ѿ䱸εضԸΧйԭؾ
ߣ翹ҵܷ֮ǰݣȻ쿪ţҾǰȼݣйľؾȵ
˴λйſڣԱ˵һɶֻʣйԱߵķ˼˫۾ŵؿһ
ؾǧйһƣǬľӽֱŴλϿλΣӡ
ûлϿͣйһɲô򿪡ҲڹԱ֮ʣӰڹǽϷ˴ĹʽķװͨԱĺɫͳһɫǶʡ֮͢ξװɫƷˣʮĿ
˵һƷݣԼΪʮңй֮ԵĹԱϳ͢ξרŸץ˵͢ξƽ
ƽߣһòʵӣͬһװ͢ξҼ߽Ա߻һ۵װüĿȥģ䣬ᵶվھǰ
ԭ͢ξˡǱ͢ξֱϽСĹԱ֪һǽĽЦһ͢ξûвӱְͣô࣬ôﶪۣ
һСǰȥݡǲǶۡ͢ξҼ߽
Ľû뵽ԷֱԼСɫ˲ݵҲãݳѿ֮ҵҪܳŵʲôʱ򣬶ҷż
һ䣬ڱеĹ乭Ҽйϵȥƽ߽书εʸǽϷ£ζסйſڡ
Ǭıȴ׼ù׳ͣײйţһŴѾ𲻿
ߴˣô죿ۼйҪ򿪣ƽæʵ
ǹرڻ໥Ӧλϴֻһǧˣ÷Ǭıʹ롣
߽Ҳüͷ˼ԲߣߵѾԾй֮ǰһƣѾɳֱ룬зųһӣذҼлΪ˺ͻһʱ䡣
˵֮䣬ֱײò˲ƽԣٲɣټؾԴŲǱ
ʹǽľжʮѸ٣һѾðٲɣźײľ죬ƿҡ
䣡ôһֱСĿӣʱСĽΪű俪ʱǰڡ
һ˲亰죬ŴͣзǬӿȴд˱úõİֻһϢ֮䣬˷˻ҡ
֣Ҳڶһ̣űߵĹ˲䱩йΧ˹ȥ
һţȻ÷Ǭı˲֡
͢ξıû뵽ԷȻ˼ƲߣĽŭٲ˴ݣֱӷǽֱ£ɱȥ
ǰйͣӿгǽѾ£͢ξ˺͹˲丹ܵСȻ书ǿǬı಻֣̼ӦΪ
ټ϶Էѹƣһرƾֻʱ⡣
ȥ϶У
ȥԮҪʲôʱ򵽣ɽıӿƽڽв֧ڽڰˡ
Ƕѱˣ빧աѾڣƽ˵ల޾ϸʮ׵ǵĹһطǡ
͢ξ˷׷ɫһ䡣
Ǭı㣬͢ξ֮ҲûܽŽ¶ȷʵݾ˿¡
Ҳƽ ߽ ˱Χɱ¶޷֮ɫʱйȻ¡¡Զȴýµ治ͣ
ʲô
ǬĽһ㶣ȴһǿһ촫ȣȴʮŰ衣
ÿڹ
һ㶣Ҫͷ˭ھţȴһһǹɨ󷽵ǹǿ֮Աһ࣬Ӳǰһƽص·£Ƥȴʮְ𪣬γɷɫɫγĶԱȣһƥƥУִɱѩ׵ѪΡ
ҲϤ˲ĿԴȥִˣ
͢ξйգҼ࣬һ䣬֡衣
ƽ߽Ҳ캰֣΢΢һ㶣æԽһɱˣתͷȥͼֳѾ빬šڽ빬֮ʱ˲£ֻһֳ账棬ԭѻſڵʬ˲䱻Ȼƿ
ִô쵽ģ
ƽ߽û뵽ٴμֳʱһģֻƽʱֳʱȻűƽȫһ
ҲʱǬ˵˵ֳ裬ֳܿķ
ִСģ˼״æ
ǸճڵʱѾֳǰ
Ҽࡢ˲ᵽɤۡ
һ֮ӹؼˣͬʱҲǽɽӵˣϣ˭¡
콹ؿֳ裬ǰΪԷȴԷĿɨǰһǹݳУХֳ΢΢ȴǽһֱӵһȥ
Ȼֳһǹڵϡ
죺
ƽ߽

ոշʲôۻ˻ǱˣȻִ˺ӣ
㣿ǸĶ䣡ڴʱǬĽ쿴ֳ
ֳģھ֮һֱܳ
ԣֳ豾鲻䣬ʱ۾ȴǺȻתǬĽ쿴Ͻ촩ţϺܿӿһ˿ڽȴǽǹһѷ
ơһ죬ǹֱӴ͸ǽ壬ྡྷֱֹ˴ǹؽ˶йǽϡ
ⶤǽһȴ͵ĹٿֽĴѪɹʱҽ
Ǳֳ趤ĽѾˡ
ִ㡭죬Լһʱ˵
һֱֳһĹ٣ֲҪıֱոֳʹõĸɴһУԼûʮѧġ
֮ǰֳΪԼĴ췢ִʵǿ
쾪ˣƽ߽Ҳˡһֱ͢ξǸְֳûûƾʲôսڿ
ֳû²ǸЦ
𾪵ؿֳ衣һɨйṹʵ
Ҵȥƽ绺æǰ·
ֳ˵ͷһƺɢһƬȺǰǰСģһǰУһӰԦйǰС
ֳ󡪡
˾Ŀȥֻɽ֮ԭסդѾûˣȡ֮һͷͷйƺƵǰ
зУϷפӭ¡¡㣬ɽ
*
ʱйڣ˲͵ؿǰվŵĵ
һӣȥرıڰǰ𽣱ȥҪ׽ķˡ
ʬѪѵγһޣߵǰػĹǷǬд󳼡Լһңһŵ÷Ůӡ
ûӡ󡣡ὣ˵һһ˵ȴŮͷ޻ǵһ֪ôˡ
Ůŵøˡ
뺦£鵽ǲ˪ĶӣЩϳڣ㾡˵ǡǬЦؿŽ
зǬĻŮ˿ڲΡΡصͷȷʵСүֻǡֻСүؼǹϵɵӣ˵ʲôˣ͸˪һʧˡСүĲӡ


90 㾩ѩ42
ŮӵĻڳ˵Ķڵеļλ ԲɵÿվǰĽ顣
鲻ŭ, ·Ů˵ĻԼ޹, ҲڳľûκιϵĻʵԴӰ⵹̫ξԴ֮ĳĬƺһ㲻ͬζ, ǰĿܵӲһˡ
ĻʵۿЩʲôʵ̫ˡ
ڳĿƲؿŵϵѪֶؿŷǬֻǬվڵУЦ飬һɵι𢣿˵㵽, ôðȵۺ˪Ķӵģ
ڴ, ʱкɱײйŵĺȻ
ǬԭŵϷһ˿Ц⣬ؿ̨ϵĽ顣
ȵ۵֤, ǽλ󳼺̨֤ġϺȻЦ, ⻰Ǻ⣬˻޵ݣҪƷ֤뽫ȡ֮
ĳֻǲȵഴĻҵǬ֪鲢ƽʱֳô˳, ʱķü, ܿ쿴ԱߵĻҵҽɽȻҪɽѪ̳С
վ, 곤ʮ꣬׵Լ, ʱ۾ãȻؿǰˡ
Сûмĳ棬һ˫۾µڷǬ͵ϵʬ֮Ѳ
Ŀǰ汻Ϊʵ۵ǰʱǸڵԭһܡ
ʲôкãȻ, ȴԱߵ游ץסļ򣬺ȵ˵ϹᣬΪҽҴ²ҵС֮ĶȾ֮ȵۺ˪Ķӣҽ˶֣ʱɵףο·˭֪ǹðݣ
үˡǬЦŽ飬µ㻹ʲô˵ģ
ĺɱѾԽԽ죬¡¡ŵ棬ԤʾŽڴ˺ܷܿ䡣
ڳĳѾл׺ͷǬͬһĻʵͷѾԱѹٹһʱ¾ͻᱻǬ¡ʡ֮еվæ鹪ϣҲΪ룬ʲô֮뷽൱˵Ϊá
һɡȹ׷׸顣Ǳʡ֮ˣϽʱؽԿʼվ̬
ٶѾվӣֻѧʿ̫ʷĹԱðûվ
ȻĽսѾӽ
Ŀⶼڵǰµϣȴλʵ۴ĿȻЦ̧۵ʱȴ˺˪úˡ
Ǭǲ˪ͽж˵ƾ˵ʾǹ׶ۣ޿ҪʧˡִվԶȵˮ˪ԽűɢǬ޲ʩⷬšͨɷ֪ı֮³ɡ
ĳΪѪǬʸڷϣһ󼥷ȴ鲢ǻʼͳݣ
ڵǰȻǷصĴڣ໥һۣڷǬǰʱγУ嵽ǰ
վڷǬȽߵĹ࣬翹ҲŲáзǬֶ࣬վҲⲻ˱Ǭϣûվӵĳ̨¿ţƺ˴ιĽ֣۾
ȻҲʱǰرյĴźȻһ졣
Ȼ
ڳҽ֮㱻ؽˣʱȻֱӱǾҿǰҿµ⣬
ڳһæȥ£һɫӰһ߿ʮ౶Ŀصš⣬ȥȴߴ󣬴ʱһ嵶ջԼŵĶڴŵм䡣
⡭˲췴˭
ڳһ㶣Ŀ⻺ͣ˵ϡĹʮִۣ˿㣬еѪϿȥȻһ˵ӣòеϤ
˭
Ǭͷ鿴ΪĻԼľؾʱſڽվһˣһ㶡
ſվŵ˴ʱҲһһˣĿɨ÷ɿ죬ȴڴǰվŵӵʱһ¡
ŽԱ˵ʬ壬Ӳˡ
ǽ飬û¡
Ҳ̧ۿսߵĺ˪ȥ˫ո纮˪۾ʱȻһ̶ͬԹ⣬ֱעǰˡ
߿ǰ˿һѾһڣ˵ĿⶼԼϣܿЦЦձߵѪΣȻоĶǵĹ
ֳʱ򡣡ᵶʣǬδ
һֳͷǬʽڹڵȷʵаûм档ҲûһٳƺǬΪֱ࣬·ϣڳһ
˾½͢ξֳ裿ôʱ֣
ۼߵλУҪǳ⣬ȴֳɫڽȴһѽԼƿ
˵ǽȴǰѵȫӵԱߣӲȺ￪һ·
ߵǰվ˷Ǭǰ
ֳ裿ǬȻû뵽˾ȻˣǰԼ˽ͨˡвϵĸɸɴʱǬȻӿһ˿ԤУüסˣ󵨣һСС侹ôس£ˣ£
˵ţԭԽæǰȥ׽ֳ裬ȴٶȱס
޵ˣһ֪Ůڴ˴ô޵ǰ߶ѾһߵֳԱߡ
߽߻ѩһϢԭºսĳ߱
ܵϢ΢΢һ㶣ܿŲƿԼڽղƳĿ⡣
ǣǱһֳðѪļٻʵ£Ǭ۾һȻ
˭ң˲ᵶǰҳѡ֮ӣ˭ҶԻϲ
ֳƽʱӲǰʹñУʱɫȻ˸ƵģȫԵѶϵģ
ǿᵶͬʱƳ۷ǬɫȻЦôŶ֣Ī»߱ɱȵ۵֤ݣ
ʮ㣬ڡ߱ɱȵۡʱصϵóãǬɫһ䣬ɨߵһֻۣԱߵ׻ǰﳼҲɫ䣬εضųС
ֳ裬ȻǽһôȲҧˡǬϻάЦȵͻȻݱ˵߱ɱȵۣﳯسһ仰ָŶ
ǬάԼǶ͢ξİʲô⣿ҼȽ˵Ǿ˵͢ξѾȵ۱ֻ߱࣬©Ȼɱôˣȵһ֤ȻҲὫԶڰɣ
ÿ˵һ仰û˵ͷڳԽԽԶһǷǬΪʱ򣬶ɵô󾪡
ԶһǺΪǣͷϣǬϵˣ´ˣ
̻̣ӲͷƤǰȴԼȻһεĸɨֱӱƵһУѾᵶǬǬҪ֤𣿡
ϻѪȻһɱǬüȴ洫ӯӯŲһŮӵȻڵ𣺡СŮȵλʱҽ֮áɻǵң
ȻŮӽ
ڳȥֻһصŮӴӵŮθӽСڵԭۣʮĿעӹȥȻԵòݺ߽ǰǰݵϣŮĸ羣Ϊȵϵʱȵж󣬵飬ڣšСŮ˾ߣһ飬ивȵ飬ȵ֮⡣ 
Źͷܿ챻ǰɨУĿⴥĻûиɺԵѪȴ΢пߵĳһۡ
ƲĿ⣬΢΢˲࣬ûתͷ


91 ƾѩ43
ȵۼݱΣ޼ǵʱɷǬһֲٰ졣Ĭ˻, ̧ۿŵǰ, Ǭд統з硢̵ֵ, ƭ֣¶֮£Ҫȫȵѳᣬ¾ⶫ·»ڰɣ
ȵ۽, Ǭʾһּگ, ƴگΪȵּһͬѳᡣʱἰ£ڳĪɫ䡣
, ¿ģڳһ꼶үüŷǬ
߱, ͷʵĻ
֮λ޴ǡǬĿɨڹľȻЦαһݼ֤뽫֮߱ڳس飬ǲ̫ˣ
ơЦ벻мȻձϣߵֳ边ҲЦ, ϴʱͬżǬ, ҽ컹һ֤
Ǭͫ΢
ڳڳҲһ, ֻŴִһŲǻͷȥֻŴֳӰ, һӰѺеˣһһ
ӰеԼʮңźڲ, Ų鸡һͣһηηѺİӰЦһ˵ֱӽһϵǰ
ֳСˣǲôң˿ߵľһ߱קһֳ裬Ȼ֪ǷˣϽҷˣ֪ԣּҾˣ
һԱĳسϷ׷һϽˣֿǬ
ǬɫŲ䣬Ŀȴ
ŵ˻кܶ˵ĺȴһƬΪԼвЧ̲סץֳ裬Ȼ书ôܵܣּڷǰǸϣʱΪ˪Ķµİɣŭ࣬Ҫ̨ȰͶһΪǬЧΣ
һ˵һ߱һ̨ϣһ˸۾ϵĺڲ۾æĿһ£ȴǰǰĻֳ
ֳʱŴԼȻ㵹ʡٷѿ࣬Լȫ˵ˡ
Ȼ
Ͻ˲ǱˣǰϷǴɱȴֳܻȻ
⿪ڲ󣬳ʶԡȻֳ裬ȴֳվһӣŻ֮ˣŵ֮ࡣ⣬æٻܣ㿴ոԼ˵ķǬվԼһɵľ룬ɫڵؿԼ
㡢㡭׹ȻתͷѺˣթң
ܿ쿴ѺˣӰ·ͿպһѺϺɽ·ͨ
ȻΪǬô£Ӧֶ֪˰ɡȳг·ֳ֣ͨĻ𣺡㻹ûǬڣҵ˵˵Ǭָʹ㽫ڵģڹ컯֮µŹɱˣ
㡢ĪҪѪˣŷӦæ
Ծʵҵ׷һ㽫ӷڡҲʱ͢ξٷԾǰֳǰȻ٣ˡ
˷ֱƽ߽죬߽ųȻȻʶĽСϮ͢٣ҵʱ˭ôĵӣԭǷˡ
Լ֣æƵؿ˷ǬһۣȴǬЦԭô͢ξģһɵ˾ң
ɫһ䡣
֮ڱǽţǰȻϵһǷǬԼʡ֮ڵţһǽ顢ֳΪ׵Ĺ͢ξԭڽѾȻת
Զԭ˵ɱҲʼƽϢؼ̤н
״ԭĬһֶƷгһվǵࣺԲӣʲɻϵѪ֮ʱҲֻһؼҷ̵֤࣬Ҽ䶼ҳ˵֮ôҲŰɣ
վԭһֱû˵ĺѧʿ˷׷׵ͷҲһվ
վĻ顢û뵽λ˼תֱ£ɫʱѿ
˶ó͢ξ˽ջڣĻʵۿ϶ѾԷǬչ֮Ƿɱ죬ȻǷǬͽıڽս
˭Ӯ˭䣬ֱӰڵ֡
һҲɵүɫ֣صֻǻǲǽѪһд֤
뿼֤һ̯ȴһһССָת̫ʵ۾˵˭вԿף˭ͼλλȵвԿ׼λвԿҲڻУѵҪּ̫
˵顣
вصԿס
鿴ųе΢΢һ㶣Ŀ΢ؽӹ߬
вصԿڽȷʵҲзүɫһ䣬૵̾˿Ҳգ࣬ȵ۵龿ô£һ
ǡǬߣضŽ顣
Ȼ಻˵Ǳ˵һڳСָóһҽУɫȴ˿:˵ϻῴ׵ķϷһ·
˵ţɽڳһָֻͷϡ
ֳĻȻûнжȴѾ˵࣬ὫԼָȫж¡оǬȵ࣬ҡ
ֳ裬㾹ҶƹǬŭ
˵⻰ܿڻرܳݣЦһж˳һָֻ
ֻҪһ˵˵Ǭģ˻
㾡˵޻ᡣ
·ץסһžݣæӶҵȽΪ죬ǷǬҵġԶһ˱ǬˣǾͨǳ¶֪ǳӣ˲ˣֻһһɱжֳ
˵ţֽ淽Ǭôƺ˵һ顣ҹ鷢ּ䣬ӵԺ󶾷飬͢ξֳһһӦ
ʮһԴȻ
ԶǷǬұۣ˭û뵽һշǬȻɱԼţԭЧҷǬĳɫѿֻòӴ쬵ģɵÿλȨһʱࡣ
Ǭ˵Լ֤ƽÿֲʱӢͱ׵ɼò֮ţʱһ澹Ȼֳһ˿֮⡣
˵飬ֿʼǬɨ߱һࡣǬЦһشԱж佣һͷϿȥ
书ƣһǬк۾ȴҲ˵ͫ׻ɢȻء
ǰٶѪҺ罦һء
һ̣ǵսǰ׾Ӵӵſ룬ʿϣһ㽫ڵΧһӺһ׵ĽڣҾ
աĩѦǰݣоն׻ܻ񡣡˵йĿԽڴ󳼣ֱŷǬǬɸ꣬䣬޿ˡͶ
ǬŽ飬ֿذΧľӡİ޷죬ֻҪɱգܹϷؾ߽⣬͢ξ֤Ҳ޼¡ǧ㣬û뵽¼ǰʮȻȻ׵رܻ񣬻ץš
ڣϷؾѾֻǺصľѾΧˮйͨˣ⻹ıעԼ
ԭվڷǬĳҲںصıɱŵ÷ҧҧվ࣬㾹߱ɱȵۣ飬Ӧ壡
ǺǡǬȻЦɨԱߵˡ
ǬܿܣѾˡ鿴ŷǬ
صİΧ֤ɽ֤ݣǬһı֮֮߱֤÷
Ҳʱ򣬷ǬŽ֮ԽԽԣˣ飬ΪҲֽһû֣
Ǭʱ˵̬ƽǸŵ࣬һ֮⡣΢΢һݣҪ˵ȴѾᵶǰһ
ֳҪʲô
һ㶣ȴѾǬЦ飬֪ڹһֱڷ¶ֻϧһֶԳԡ
ԭȪһ
ؽĸƣǬĿţ¶һ˿ĸƣĸƣϵӹƣһϵӹƾͻᱬƶ֮ڱرҲȲأ
ͫ׽ֻŵĵ̧
⼸տϫ֮ʱؿڲ֮УǾй֢״ǬЦվڳͽǰЦҸոջõϢҲûܽ⿪ĸƣ飬һӶɱҡ
ϫˣԱһֱû˵·ͨȻ뵽ʲôȻؿվڽߵֳ衣
ȴֳϸһĿ⣬ǹЦȻ̧еĵۿһҪǬ£
ס֣Ҳͬʱ


92 ܾѩ44
Ѿڰգ, ۼҪǬšȴоһִֻԱ, ȻסԼ
ֱֱضŷǬϵü˦ֵֻĽ, ȴָ޷ѶԷǯơ
ڷǬִȻҲ޷ǰݽ
Ŀ⴦ֻзǬŵò԰׵ɫ
ϣ޹Ŀس, ڲŷǬ, ˳ŽԼ֣ؿվԱߵĽ顣
鿴ֻεؿԼ, ûҪſ˼
Ĭһ, ϣǬУǹĸȻԴвȻ, ˲, Ǻ, ԸΪд

һĻ仯̫죬ԷǬ˵ĸҪЮ, ε򼸺˲顣վڵڵĻסһɳӡ͢ξһֱⳡб仯ǬĸվƵʱ򣬽û뵽Ǭ˶ֶΡ
ֶΡҪ֪緽Ǭ˵, ǷǬԼʥϵ롣
Ǭ˵ĸΪע˭ֳȴվ˳ҪɱǬɡ
ڳйա·ߡȵˣǶֳֳ֪Ȼƽʱɽ¶ˮһֱΪ¡ɽһṩ⵹Դ֤ݣһֱΪǬĴʲȿ·֧Ԯ飬˵ĹԽ鲻顣
ΪֳִҪɱ˷Ǭ
ֳʣץסֺȻЩ˳ųŵĵȥ˷Ǭ亹
ʲųߵȻ𣬷ǬԸоеɱ⣬ȫû뵽Լ˵ĸƵʱֳͻȻֳ֡ĵǰִͣ£ͻвŵõڵϣ˲ֱð亹һʪ͸󱳡
ǣǳϯԼĿֲϢȴûֱҪڿʱͻȻʧˡ
ߣһԼԼĸ
û⡣Ǭֻڵϴ˿ػڿ˳ϵ
УԼֳֵ豻סǸոձŵǱʱĿȴ¶һ˿⣺ֳ裬㾡ɱԣˣĸƵ׻᲻ᱬ
ΪҲôԣ¶ٶҪᵶն¡
裡ٹ˲һѽеĵ¡
Ǹңǽ鲻Ұ˾ڷǬУǬȻЦֳ裬ΪԼЦ𣿡
ɫ̧ۿվߵĽ顣
ⲻͣطҧҧȴһѽԼһ˽ŷǬǬȷйơǹƶʲôط
ĸƾڰǰյƸСǬЦ飬Ժ;Զǣһˣ
ǬЦⱣȴѾ泰Це·̸ʱţֻʣޱ߿ռ־塣
ϣǬáһŵȴһѾõϤ졣
Ȼ˵Ļȴġ
뵽뵽
ˡڱлȻսе֣ǿԼ򶨵ǬѺȥ
ϣ󣬳ѯʡͽǰһûйƣݷǬձȻҪЮ㣡


ֳ˵ûйƣ
յһ㶣ֳǽţӦò٣дʯڷǰһϣǬ˽թˣϲڲ
ǰϣ˴ηǬ䣬ˣȷʵ˵һԺѧʿһϳ͵
סڣִ˷ӵһ̵ֱĽȻغһ
λϳһ㶡Ҳδ鶯𣬲ɵü
ûйƣΪ˽
æ鴦ȥȴٶһѿסҪ嵽Ǭǰĳ⣬ָ£ֳ裬пǡڽ⿪ĸ֮ǰ޻Ѻ÷Ǭ
ĻƽͣǶֳ˵ġ
нԱߣ֪ԼҲ޷ѣʱٶ˵ҲãԼͽ֮øѿֹסȴǴĿҲ顣
۽ǽ졣
Ǭû뵽ֳ˵ûйƵĻһ㶣л̿ȴһ
ʱѾע⣬˼תͷתȻֳ֮ദԭŵĿһһ
ˡԭǶԵģֳԵǰɣǬȻһ˿صЦ鰡飬ԭ䴫ˡǺɱֳΪһ䣬˼˼
ѹֽ鲻йƵԭֳ裡
ǬĻһֳȻĿԲɵͽϿȥ
աƽ߽ԣһæԼ͢ξˣȴֳʱѾ۾ɫ䵭ûгҲûзֻվ·ֻһǡ
ֻεץϷ֡
ֳ裬ȻΪˡҲ̫硣ǬҲֳ裬´Լ⵹ˣȻЦҵĻʵ飬ڶˣٹʮʮ꣬Ϊ𣿡
۾ŷǬ
Ϊһӵ£ȡλǻλ̫ƽ£ɵͷһҪȿСҲڹҪΪҷҵһᣡǬΪЦֳ裬ԽΪƴԺͻԽڡʲôԣƭ˵ ƭ˵ģ
˫Ѫ죬Ȼʱ緢ǻʵһָͬ㽭ɽóŵȴλʮ꣬нԶԯޣĻͬḡĭһͱ
֪ҪΪ·ѡȶ֣ʵ·˳飬ýҲһΪԼڹȥᡣ
Һ㲻һڷǬ׷֣Ȼڵ
ǬЦ
ٳԷ̣ԺէȻֳһǸ֮ǰҪ˵ԺըǬֻԼԺкȻɫ棬һһſѪͨѪڡ
ԶӣоصӣҲнġĹͷ׷˺壬һһڲʳꡣ
ǬȻֽһڵϳſкһ
һٶףڳ˽ԱĲҽһϿȥ
ǬȴƺûпԱˣ۾ͻ۾ؿʼַץסԼĲӡ
ǬָܿԼĲץѪۡ
һ״ͻȻ˶֪ڷǬϷʲô¡վڷǬǰĽкȻ̿ٶӿ̺ȵ죡ס
·ȷӦ첽ǰǬһֱץӲӵ֡졢ƽ˼״æҲųǰΰסǬֽš
Ǭȴڲͣڼ书֮֮䲻ͣŤȻ͵ڵ㵯£֮󼸺Ա˵
·æذסȴǬºûǰ
ȻһĿڷǬϣȴԷ۾ͻۿƱƣԱѪ£Ѿ̲ͫɢѳࡣ
ϡ·߻Ȼ顣
졢ƽҵؿŽֳ衣
ʱվԭأĿֱֱؿŷǬĶٶüĿ¶ºͿ־壬æתԱߵĳ⿴ȥ
ֳ軹վߡ
Ŀ⣬ֻɫѪߴֳ辱ߵƤ촦ӣͬѵѺۣһֳա
ֳü̧ۣ
衭
ĴѾѪɫϲ˲˵ʲôڻסû˵ڣվסȥ
裡׿ֻš

ҳһҲڸǲסϢ
⡣
ֳսйлвѪȣǰԶķϣһѻ֮˿һУ૵
˹ĸƣǬˣȻҲҪ˽Ļ
ǰоɫת㿴˵ݱվڷĿҲעŴҵĳ
ɡɷǬΪʲôֻ·䣬ʵ
Ǭ״ֲûм
ݱЦһʲôֵģ֪Ҫɱˣַ
¼ڶˣ
𾪣˵ʲôȴݱԭס־ȻѾ֪ʲôʱѾ⿪ǰģԼѡ
㡢㡭ٶȾ˵æɿ
ߣС󡣡ݱЦһһݶԾ£Խţסֳ裬Ŀȴڽͣһۡ
˪Ķӡ
ԭҲˡţԭ̽Ŀջأתйȥ
ӰʧڹҴ
Զһʿ뿪ʷ̨
һǵʿЦܰܣһվҪȥģ


93 񾩳ѩ45
ˮ
عӣԿָķ, ǰĶھвصڡʼ, һϤߴӶߴ·ߵ
·˵ع, ӦþԱߡᵽвأѵ
ʶػָĻˮڿռŵΪԡ, ĿȴǰһƬ, ˮˮ϶³ˢˮйľľ֦ͷ, ߲, ȴϵ⵲ס룬ںˮһƬųʪĿһƬԵ
·ǰˮ, ϱ, һжڲͣת, ָš
·, ڵͰĹľߡ
⻺ۣ㿴ߵɢڼձߵͷԼ¶忡ӡ
ǽ顣
Ǭڹ֮ͻȻ, ϵĸơڷǬһ̣ԼϹƶֻоӹƿɶһ˲ʹԳ֣ܿ۵ʧȥʶ
ǰ鲻ͣڻ֡
ٴɭŵĺˮУżд֦Ϸѻô˴Եù졣
ⲻͣ
ˣԼǸоɪղ˲ࡣ
üɺԣûзֻлϢ
΢ĺ䣬£ἰҸСҩȵķỨһĲҩڻ𣿡
ϫʱĹƶ۵ĸƱгǧϰӹƷɣ֮ǰһʹɵʱȴûиоʲôʹֻֽ࣬űʮľо
ۡ˺һɤӵ
˻ظоļ򻺻һ¡˾ءšһ±ǰС
ˮ˵ϥǣ鴩ŵĻɽ֮ʱɫ£Ҳ֪ˮ˶ã°ںͿѾȫʪ͸ȴȻǰǰûиͣ
ϣʲôʱ򡭡Ҫȥ⻺
Ǭ˵ĸƱ˱죬ֻоԼԼתĹƵľܿͬʯ󺣣Ϣػɢ
ܿҪ뿪ˡ
⿿ڽ鱳ϰ룬ȴһ̧͡ͷǰǰһˮųѾ죬ҡҡ˴ȻЩʣ˺һŵǬĹƶǳвأвػڡ裬ȥвأһҪȻ㡣
вصԿףԴ£ȴ龹Ȼ͵̫ʵһִҪǰвء
Ĭ˻ᣬŻ̧ϣʵ㲻Ϊˡ
⻰˵һ룬ȴо͵һҲȻϡ
ҲߣҲ˵㲻Ҫһϣ

Ļݣľѻɢǰ·æתͷȴ鱳ֳվˮУȦͨ죬ԭʱ¶ֺ⡣
⻹ά˵ĿͣϺü۴䣬ջǽĻʻغУ
ˮٶȻָˮĴˮ˵СȣϸϸĻ
ú󣬽üͨ⸡ۣǰȥ
·߼ǰ·ţһ뵽ɽղڵȺʲôѩһ뵽̶ϴȻһҹ£ֻЩܡ
ɹ·Ϊ˸٣ȴʲôҲûп
вصԿָǲͣתָǰɽڵһڡֻʮ֮ߣʮһͨС·߼״еȼ̽粻˥ͷʾ⡣
һǰһ붴Сˮϥǣеˮ𽥱ǳձɰ͹ƽʯ··ߺͽй㿴ʬͷɢ䣬е˶г׹Ѿ˺̵̦˺ܾá
˴˵ʬǣ˵ǰ֮ȷʵͨвصĵط
ʮǰвǰ߲̽ݱ˪ȼ˶ѡⶴڵߺܾܿǵвرˡ
·߶һֽۣǰСⶴֳ˺ʬҲԽԽ࣬ʬϻвɳ⣬ɼսʮֲҡ
Ĭ顢·һгȻоǰ룬Ȼʮֵغ䡣
ǰз磬Ӧþгڡ
龫΢æϳ壬±ȣ·һ첽гڡ
ڵķԽԽ󣬰磬ܱߵ¶Ҳ½л谵Ĺ⣬ؿڽ鱳ϣŽһͬг۾Ӧǰȥڿǰľ
ǰֵһƬɫȺ
ɫȺλڶڵǰ·λá˴Ⱥ࿴ȥдССС֮ߣڵ֮ϣڵڻ谵Ĺ¸ԵԶɫӳҲŤŤĺʮ֮ߣɭɭȺУơһ״֮ȴ֮ɫǻĹâǴӴɢ
Բ£Ͽ̻ž޴ͼڣͼ̫״оһ棬ȴֻһֻ۾
δ˽΢΢һ㶡Ǻϵͼ۾ȴвһ㣬һֻһֻڿЩ۾ڴʱŴ̹ǵ̰䵽ʱȻ¶ޡ
۾ǻŵģ
һ㤣ٶʱȴ۾άԭͼڵӣûŲĺۼոɭֲĸоҲǴһ
عӣӦþвء·ߵ
šӦһ
ȻоЩ鿴ȥȴʱ۵Ľյɫ԰ףɫҲûʲôѪɫ
ȴû˵ʲôҲûмڶͣṦӶڴԾ£Ѿ߽в֮С
вУĸƵĽⷨ
вС
вѾʮ꣬ʱȺһƬ壬ҲźصĻҳ鱳ųⲽڳ̤һһĽӡ
֮䣬ȴһƬǽ塣
ԭվڶ¹ûпϸڣؿȴеĵ·ϣ󲿷С͵ĺѾˣ飬¶ѵĺۼǱʲôһɨƻó׵ס
ƻĺ棬ʲôûС
ںĴɢʬЩʬЩͨ˵ʬǣһЩȴǹ͸źɫǼҲȳ˴ࡣЩɫǺûɢܣǺ˵ص·ϣеعȫ飬еȥȥ״ʮֲңΪʱ̫õԵʣԭĶҲɷֻͬûκζ
ҰﲻϵѰڱųľ¡
ưܲŴ˺һ޴Ŷ˿ֱӴƶ롣˽֮ʱɼźԼߣȫͬһĲʣҲ֪Խ˴ݻ١
űһʬڵϣʬͬҶϼ
عӣ㿴ָͷڲ鿴ʬǵʱ·ߺȻ̲ס
ͽʬ崦ȥʬϵСָһأ·Уָεָʬ
ĸ˪ȻʬָвصԿף
ʬʲô
΢΢һ㶣ʲô֡񲻼ãܶණ޷ݵϸ룬ܿɢ˼ֻܳؿڽϡ
ĬĬؿȴʬҲҲκмֵĶֻüǰȥ
ǰһ
˴ĵãտʮɸߵ£ȫ˱ڻǰǰۣϻ˺ͺһģһ۾Ȼȫһһãڶƣ²࣬һһֲһһ졣
Ķȴʮͳһͬһ־
ѰûҵκõĶתĶ濴ȥȴ棬ֵһ
Ű£۾ͬס¶һֻۣ°벿ֵȴʶ
ͬǣз࣬˫˫ȴסֻǾš


94 ǽѩ46
ܾû˴ѾȾ˺Ļҳ, еҵ˿
Աǵļ̨һʬ, ʬͷһ鲼滭һֻ۾, ͵ϵͼһޣµǴţЦӣ·ڳʲôȻʬǵͷ­Ǳ, Ӳһ
ʬǵӦԭв, ǰǶɥ
Ȼ·ʬԱ˼飬ʲôûз֡
ǽ壬˹, ûн˴еľ书ؼ, ҲûЩֵǵıء̨һߣ¯Ҳ°
⾫񲻼ãֻԵؿܣоƤ, һƣ
ˣоĻ˯, ʵ
, ǿ񣬵͵ͻһ
Ķ˶, ڵһطԱߵļľ壬ȥϵĻҳ, ⿪ϵŵ˻
·߷ܿŸһ֮
ȫľѾվֻܿšȻ鴥ʱһĵɿشֱܹϵľĶʱ΢΢ס
ǵ죬ʱֻвʱ䣬첻в֮ҳƵķ»ͳദʱ䡭
ؿ⣬ȴʮƽֻǴۣл֮ȥľ⡣
Ҫˮ𣿡ųڵµʵ
˵ͳŹ֮⣬ü𣬿顣
عӣҾ˯һΪҲԼԭĲˡ룬ڻٴع滻ϵĳƺ
飺
ȡˮĶٶȽסһüԼԭȵĶִؽϵˮ¡
۾ʹţȴˮĶظ˺üΡ
ⴹۿŽ֣ԺоȻȻ뵽ԼһΪ鵲³ĵǰĵҲԲѵʱιҩ
ʱ鲢֪Լѵģȴ˽ΪԼһС
ڽѾˮӣ㶵ؿ
ӡǰ˵һֱѩɽ泣겻ıѩڹʱˣɽʱҲˣѩѾ岨Ź⡣
ӡģʱߵĲӺѾϸϸССѪƣ·죬ȥʮ
ĬһᣬȻ̧ȡеˮյ˼ڡ
΢ųˮڻ¶һЦݡ
ǰЦڳǰЦûҲû̽峺ָɾ
⿴΢΢һ㶣طˮˡ
ááų£ȡһڳϣ˯Һ·߻ҵƵķġ
⿴ոյЦݣܾĻ̻ضֻۣӦһ
˿˯ȥطϵѪƣüȡ佣ؿռŵĹ͵ߵķ档
ĺҹλ谵Ӱ޳ĸʱ΢ߴ룬¹һ
ָ߸ʱвٶȰֻʬ
ҹٶȻţڶг
˯ţһһ߹ԼŶӵĸ׺ʹװĸ׳Цתۼ仭ǵƬǰٶȳֵһµĳŵһתͷֿ˽Լֵá
վߣ˵ʲôûüקϵ³³˲䣬Լͣرæµ֮УڲԱдֳϰùֽңٵԼһµضԸŴծŵˣЩԼɫɫ˵̰αªͣһ
æˣȴȻסĺ󱳣ףȴһֳ
лл
ֳ³˺ػһĭɢȥ
ֳ֮˱źӧǹˬʵسһЦȡѻ棬µسͷ˱Ƕʯ嵶ĵس֣ӯӯݣ΢ЦԼҾһһϤӹȻһƬѩټ֮ʱѾһƬѩɽ֮С
ѩɽɽ£ʮϤѩӣ·϶ѻźѩ
Ǻǽ飿
ǰȴȻоմȻһƬ
΢΢һ㶣ȴһˮϡ
ˣʶڱĴأ૵
ۣǰȴһƬڰ
˲̵ֻضʶܿߣȴܿע⵽Ŀһûٳ
㡭ɴſ־塣
Ҳ⿴ǰ磬سͷȴƽ޲ҿˡ
ķû
ǵڼˣ⼸ջûʲôʱʶ
ڴ˻ơ
ǵ졣ѹֵ
˵ʱѾֻʣ¼ʱˡҵӴĸƵķӦò߶ѡ
Ҳá
⿴ڵӣǿ𣬿ǽϴ˿عӣЩҪ⡭
˵֣͡˵һ룬ȴȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲ·ߵէȻϲعӣɫڵǽһռ䣡


ǽ
һ㶣ȴǰĽȻæϢʮֲȣ裬ңȥ
üȻ
вһǽݱ˵ʱڶȷԼûевأʼնǽûȴû뵽ԼҪ뿪ʱ·߾Ȼᵽˡǽ
ӦѾɿǰȥƮ
ԭҪ˵ĻضУֻܵȽ֮ʱ˵Լ顣ԭذ죬ȴʧķĺ
عӣعӣ·ߵߡ
üֻƺʲôԣæȴԼԼ·ߵعӣ㡢ôˣ㡢ò
ûнĻӦ
عӡ·ߵȻýعӣЩˣǸϽ뿪
عӣعӣ·ߵشӽűɿ־壬عӣǸǸʹ뿪

·ߵһһں顣ѵǶǽ棬ˣ
Ժһ˲Ӱæŷǽվѭľ˼ȴ˫ϥһ顱һڵء
æӵվȴֽû޷ٶ
鲻ܳ¡
ٶȴӵϳ𣬶ͷȴȻһϸ졣
ˣ
ɫһ䣬æתͷһȴߴżڽЦӴֳ裬ȻҲн죿
ɫıڣʮֵĺñϣݱ𲰲
ȻҲвˣ
ȻȴоԼ챻һק˼£ȴݱһ·С
Ҷ˵ˣǽ϶֪ĶֻϧϹʲôһϷݱбߵ
Ⲣûжһ㴹ݱקؿֻмСͣص
ݱ⸱ģȻŲ
⻹亹乡
ݱĬûٿڡһ·ߵȴߣž;衣
𲰲裬ô·ٴС


95 ѩ47
·÷ǳԱȴûнϢ
۾, ֻǰһƬڰ, ȴһ󷢻š
ݱͻȻвؿбֳ״Ѿûа취Ըˣ·ҲݱĶ, ȴڴʱ¡ݱһ˿Ҫݱڴ˴
ԲС
һѪȴѸףͬһ㡣
ֹӣ𲰲, ʲôſֹӣ·߽
˵ڶ, ǵвҲûˣԼֱԼԹң𲰲һ, м
شĶ, ⱳ·ߵͷ΢΢࣬û˵
˵вؼȻйĹƣǱȻҲнƵķ·߿ֳĶҲ֪ȥ, æ
𲰲赹Ǿϡ, εһ, ʲôƭǵģڶʮǰ԰쵽, ڵĶˡǧСһ㶼Ǳͱвصѹθɾ, Ϊ˻ʲôö𣿡
ݱǶʮǰμӹв֮ˣԿ²Ǽ٣·ߵͣ٣޴ӷ
ͽҹвѰ˼֮⣬Ҳûпʲôټĵط˺Ǻʲô¡
ҹվڵáɽϵѩѾ˴̹ǵĺ⣬·߿̧׿ŵϺɽʱһοɽһֻʱдãȴо
Ѿֳޡ
֪Լڽۡ
ϧˡݱֻܿ뵽ʲô΢ߵһм
·Խ嵶ʣ𲰲裬ˣҲ˺عӺֹӣ
ƾ㣿𲰲ϵ΢΢٣Ƭ̣곰𣺡·ͨһҲ̫Լˡ
Īˣ͸һϢţߴ·ƺߵдĶݷ
ߣ·ߵϢҲʧˡ
۾ץסԼϵ֣𲰲裬·ôˣ
ãԼӣܳŶã𲰲һԼôץֽǰС

̧۾źڰԼʮಽȻʲôǶ֣ײܿ췢һ죬Ħŵӳ߹
𲰲죬Ų΢΢һ٣վԶá
ǣֱû죬ݱųקųǰ
һקСϺܶ࣬˲ʮȻĺ죬͵һѽǰȥ
Ȿվȣһ֮ǰĵȻִʱȴһ·ϡ
΢΢һ㶣ãתͷ𲰲ʱķ
𲰲˫ûн࣬΢΢ü˵ȴ䵭ķ̣ǽǸԱߡ
üȴ𲰲λ˦졣
ǵнŲȴתʱķȥ
һһһһ䣬ܿԶϸţҲ
ݱǽ󣬱һ뿪ˡ
΢΢һ㶣뵽ʲôϵ·ϣ˳Ųأڴ·ˡ
𲰲˵ġ
һѹӵ佣ĦȻӦæץסǰ˵½
عӣ̽ʵ
ûлӦץס彩Ӳ˶ڷ
⿴ǽ磬Ҳ֪鷢ʲô״·֮ǰĻƺǿʲôŻˡüٶþץסǰ˵
飿 ֵ
ӦĻϢĲ
ֻпռţ˵ʲôûС
عӣֳ裬ôˣٶǿطŽվ
衣Ȼøʼҡҡҡҡ
ʼÿ־壬ڱںڰԨ֮С
û뵽Լֻý״䱾վڽǰ棬΢΢˿Žͷס˫ۡ
عӣˡˡסļ򣬻˵
黹վţ廹ǽţһֱŵ۾˺һڳ۾
۽ȶģϵķ½͡
ָҲԭҡҡ׹״»񣬼Ϊ鸲ۡ
Ҳ֪Լά˶ãͷѾؿڽļϴ
⽥ʧʱڶ
ڻָƽԭֱӿ־Ľѣ״̬Ȼ̮ڵϡ
ʧȥпܿҲվƵ£ڽǰشӽǰ䣬ָգһߡ
ڽұߵļϣͷشڽĺ󱳡
衣ʶһһػָ۾ǰ˵ıɢ˿
͵͵Ӧһؿһ£ϣֻл
ҡҡûˡ鶢ųĺ૵
šӦһ
裬㡢㻹鸴ʵ;ȴѾһ롣
Ȼһأû˵꣬Ѿ߾
ϣҪˡ

ֽӲųڵϣֿ̧ʼ
ĺȥ
죬˵ʲôڻ̿˻Ƶط㻹𣿡

ˮ򣺡Ҷһֱ㡣

衢衣ôˣһ֪֡

ƣ̧۾Ŀ֮֮һƬڰ
Ͼˣ˵Ҳû壬ýͽ˸жѡ
ص磬ͻ¿ʼԼѾûԴͷǬв֮λҲӹ̡ԺͶ˲ҲԽԽ࣬Ǽֳ裬ǽһӰ
ͲӦúͽ鷢κιϵ
ھߡͦõİɡ
ûлشش۾
衣ȴһỽ
Ҫ
裬ֻס㡣÷ֻҵץ֣
΢ǰֿӰգת
ҽг⡣ڵ͵˵ĳ£;ġ
һ仰ѾͬţϸţȻû
ʧȥеر߬ڽУ΢ȴûϣͫ׶һеĹγ׼
ֹ֮ͣھҲûȵϢ
־Ҳл䣬ߡҲ̲ס޼ɵػǰ˵۹ĺ󾱣ǰ˽رڻ
⡣͵˵һȻ˵ľѡ
û˻Ӧ
տǽڴһ˲Ȼ죬ȿֺع˻ǽȻӿ֣дǽڣҪдµһǽ
еƣֵֻͬ·Ϣ
ͷ˺ѣ̧𶯣ȴʲôҲûпΨдܼɭطĹ⣬ӳС
ֿʼƴرųʬţܵĿ־һһƽٶ
ãɿ⣬ؽƽڵϡ
Ѿñ
۾أѪƣΨòǰģƽۿǰ
ڳߣ۽Լͷ­ָץ뷢䣬ױڰû
ɽ紦û⣬һƬڰ
ǽڼž૶
ҲǻϣǲǾͲ
⣬ؼ𣿡
֪ҵȵ㡭ǰǣԺǣһԶ㡣

Զжá
׺ɣи裬ڴԣҲһڶ
ͨۿųʬãڴ֣ظΪͷ·սֻڳûϵ˫ϡ
ֻҪϣ۾Ҳˡ
Ķ΢΢˶١
еĻЦϲŭһ˲ӿͷЦǰдеļ䶼ͬ꼻һ֣ݵôҴҡ
龲ؿǰ˵üۣˮٶһһλ䡣
ˮڳ½Ϸμ
ڳ۾¡
ȻҲΪһ̣Գ֮Ȼɢһ͵ǹ⣬ظǹ塣
ͬʱϵѪƾʼѸٴܶԳһŨغĿ֮̾ᣬΪƣ鴦ǹ
ǹ⴦һƽ沨էȻǹͣ⻪ӡȾǽռ䡣


96 ڻѩ48
ǽϣиӦ, һһֵػµ
һ⡣
ȴ쾰ǰһƬ, ͬиӦһ㣬̧۶ųǹ֮
, ʲôûС
ɼ͵ǹȴͬһյƣɢչ, ó԰һůɫ
鸿ڳϵȻо¶, һ㶣ųɢȥѪۣĿ¶һ˿ϣ, æǰ, ӡ
⣬⡣δɣСػ
ۺûϢ, ·ûкĳ˯һ
, ǲǻֱͷ­, غ
ÿһǹһ, ܵǹӰ죬ɫηή
Ƶĺʵ, Ȼǿ֮ѿһֲ۾Թ޵ؿǵƣǹ⴦ƴӿ
ǹɻס壬ƷɣȻһ˲ǹ⣬˲佫ƺ۾ɱ֧顣
ԳϣɫӾɢڿ֮Уʧ
ƣǹȥ
⻹ڽĻԭŵؿںȻ΢
鿴æŵؽַڳĿλá
ˡˡ˳
ɲǼ䣬޴ϲͷԭڴһں䣬æ§壬ٷſ
ǹų壬ʱ󣬳԰׵ָѪɫԭҲ»ָ¶ȣҲƽȡ
ٶȱ˺ͨ˻ŵ״̬
ǹٶȱߵĿˮ沨·ǹ£ȴһֻع龵棬һ֮Уʧøɸɾ
ͬʱǽϵҲǹȥر䰵عƽ
ֳˣ·ʲôûзһ
黳Ȼ֮󣬳ⴹֺȻָᶯһ¡
⣿Ŀ͸¶æʰ߬С
ü
⡣ſڣ˵˻ƣȴż뿪ġ
üһ¡


ڽ֡
Ϊн˵СҩȷỨεʹࡣ·Լ˯˼ʱڰбһߣָǰǰС
Ŵ˰й⣬·һѣִܵ硣
ţںԼ
Ϥӵ
˯вز˲кȻӿһǰδеĿֻš
⣬ôˣִǸӵ

û̫Ϥˡ
ǡǽ
ȻоԼξüշתʵл۾
⣬ˣߣȷǽ
̧ǰжԷϲĿ⡣òӡǰ˫΢죬ԭ˿ҵشޱߣǰմʱȴͣһգգؿԼ
ۣȻüãСĵز۽
⣬㡢ò״һ㶣С֣ڳǰڡ
⿴ŽĶĿ̽ƶһŻعӣѾüˡ
飺ֽڰա
˵ĿٶȽ㡣
ĿдſСģȴôҲ˲ֻ㶵ؿŶԷ
Ŀӣ˽ԳĬãȻ£Լץס֣߬Ȼļµ⣬û뵽ĺá
˵һ룬ĽӴȴȻųջԼ֣Ȼϡ
š͵͵Ӧһȴ˵ʱƿĿ⣬ûٿ
黹άԭƣϱ¶ССϲһһ㽩Ӳʧ
ڽ黳ؿ˺ü£ĸ
鴹ۣ۾Ѫ˿ƣ⶯˶س
ͨҲڳҪվʱ򣬳˫һϥ͵ؿڵϣһ
һ㶣ܿ쿴صǰ¶ɫƿ޷ǿޣؿǰĿ
ӣкȻܵ÷£ͫ׵һ˲¶ȴʶʲôܿٶֻǳĬеߣ˴ӵϷ
⸴ûʲôҲ޷ֻܿŽվ
Ĩ飬Żؿǰǽڵ硣
ԭǽǰΪʧûпǽڵĳʱֻһΣܿ콫ĳһš
ǽǰڵǽ棬ƬĿռǧֱ桢ǽЩȫǺɫĲʮƣһһһӣһƾ޴Ҫסʲô
ȻĴҪĶѾڣʧȥʱĴ䣬̯̯Ļҽѻļꡣ
Զĵϣһͬ˸ӣϸϸƬͬѾɳꡣ
յ֮ǰݱߵʱĶʱݱƺͣ˺ܾá
ýе־ģѵЩ
ⰵؿ飬ȴĿҲϡɫѾָȣųȴýģƻмɵͿ־塣
ߵû֮ǰ⿴ʱֻǽŴĿ
߰ɡĬĬȻʱԹޣȴҲ½ٶȳ£ڵ
䱸ľ΢΢ɣ۳ߵһЦܷųļǽȥ
ǽڴаӰǽ߻˯һ·Žе·ͨ
ܿ쿴·ߵ״û£ֻҪЩʱ
𲰲ԭ˿ɫȴͻȻùŹ
ݱ֮ǰһ·׷ɱԸĹ䡣⵱ʱΪһû뵽ϻк֡
вأ𲰲вصһˣӦввصĶ
һģؾ﹩õĶ
ĬһᣬؿǱסİ
ǰ񲻼ãֻԼٹͻûйעڵĳʱֻǷٱԲۣ°Ϥ֮У峾֮ˣзһܱǧֲͬ࣬ѣĿ𺳣ɵĽ
⵽ʲôˣ
üĿȻԽǽϵıڻϡ
ǲ룬ųڻǰ
ıڻǧеС԰ǽͷʼ𣬺ܿע⵽һűڻ
űڻĵһһֻ۾СˡСڻУвľͼ棬ڼι״ĳ桢ӷȫڵеСˡ
ţΪ⡣ڻеС˱ӦԱߵΣա
Լ˵һڻĿ˳۵ڶС
ڶͬСˣǵǰһµӣڻ˶ʮӣͳĵ۾СˣǾȻϵķζ̻
ܿʶӺܾܿ


97 ܾúܾþѩ49
ۣȴҲڿűڻĿڰӵ, ü, ʲô
ڻУڳи׹, ۾Ż񷶥ƮȾһ⻪Ȼڱڻ, Ҳϡɼ뷲ĳʡ
СվڰԱ, һֻ۾¶Ľ
Ӧǵһڻ˺Ͱĵһ
ʱʲôϢϿȥ˳¿, Ŀⴥڻʱ, ȴͻȻסˡ
еڶİӡʱĵطԭȵĺ˫۱أһ״֮С
ʮ죬Ȼͽ֮ǰǽ濴յ
յ´ʱлȼ, յŰӵ, ԰ǧ⻪ɢ, ķ
һ͵ڶֹСڵǰҲ˲ͬı仯, ÿֲܻͬͼڣһСͼ˹ãڶɺ֩, һߣŵյ
⿴žһëȻĸо
Сܻ״̬ʵ̫Ϥˣûв´Ļ˿¾ڰ
ݱϢҲʮơ
뵽̵գʹĲȥ
ûвĿ⣬Ѿ˵ķ
ķûа񣬵ȴ̻Сڻý֮󣬿ʼηܱߵĹɨƽ˲ľв߳һɭ֣ʼĴս֮ңܵС
˺棬׷ҲԽԽֱ࣬ڻĩβ˵ѾߴǾսߵͷ­׷飬
˿´Ӱǿʵѵս˵ʵת̫졣Ž鿴󣬾Ȼ뵽Լ
뵽һ¶һ˿ɭɭĺ⡣
ǰαн͵ɣôһйûκλȥϣƻĽҲ޷
Ѿ񣬿ǳȴûԼ
ܿһֱڲƭŪ
鿴ŻЩºвصйء
šĿеĺܿΡ
쵰ҧгݣ˼ǿԼڽǰɣԷһ
ڻֳˡ
ڻƪķһڻпȥ˳Ⱦԭص۾ʱһ鲼ϵ۾ͼ֮ǰС˵һޡ
ȻյУƺѾѹ΢ױڻϷյ룬ᴩ壬εؽС
ЩȻǽڵĳ
ͫ΢΢ټ˵·˲ΰݣȥǳ羴˺棬вźͰͬ۾ͼڣһһ˸ס
ϵĹ⻪ǵͷ˫ּűϵ
һĻǴޱȴޱȹĸоϺըȻһʹۿȥȴԼֽץ·ָڴ÷ס
عӣû°ɣʶºвء
ڵһοвصʱ򣬳͸оһֱڷʱнľû˼̫࣬ںϵ۾ʱ̰Ŀⶼûϸ롣
Ŀٿˣû¡
˵˴Ƕ˶٣͵ԳЦ֮ǰҲû뵽һЩηǵûо㣬ۡ
˵ԽԽһڵڸԵڻϺŵʥİʴͥ澹Ȼˡ
գⶨͽ˵ⶼԼĸԸһγüһʱ֮侹޻˵
Ҳûôͽ͡
˽ٶĬΨǽϵĹڻڿɲͱ˵İ񾲾س֣ԵŹ
ڻڻûֻһһ𣬺ϵ۾ˢˢضߵ׳ۣȻʢһʱ
ٽȥıڻ㿪ʼ۾ͼڵںļʽԼδԼʢ֮ԺΪʾʤռ
ûٳ֣ѾЩп˵
񣬺Ѿƻףڻ汻ϵİҲ֪٣вݱڻȷʢҲѾһƬ棬еıضʲôû¡
ڻҲû̳а󵽵ױôǿвصʲôԭ˥ܡ
ʷϿйЩ˵ļأһȻʵ
ձڻв˶ʢʱԶҳͼĬһᣬڻҡҡͷ鴫ﶼûἰЩ۾
УžֻʮǰǸط̽޻֮˵Ĺ£봫֮ص˵
вصĹ¾ںʱôͻȻ˵Ұ޴ӿݡ
ǷԶţʱ¼ĵ伮Ѿս٣û
Զ𣿳⻹ﲻԡ
ãǰ˵޼һֱǿϵͳҲвҲйϵ
вѾƻóףµϢʮޣѾ޴Ӳˡ
͸Ԥµһ쵽
·߽ɢȥָʶѹʱɫһʱҪȥߵҶȴԼ߿Ÿ΢΢һ㶡
ⱾӦǻġ
ֹӣû·û뵽⾹ȻԼԺѾ˹ƶʱϲҪǰů
ȴֻǳЦЦеʳǰʳָ˸Ķ
·һ㶡
ָָԱڱ۰˯ӡ
ΪƶȴѾû˯ʱڳŶݵʱϢ
·׹ų΢΢һЦŵؿʼʰ
ʱ󣬽ѣװ뿪вء
뿪֮ǰվھ޴ĺǰãѣȼ˺
ܿȼڻ޴ӰŤֿϵ۾ͼֻһ㣬ضŵϵࡣ
ʱ۾Ҫϳ
üߵ˽ߡ
ޡѽ۾һֽУͬʲô־Ķָֻԭ״źһͬȼ
ܿ죬Ҳȼϻ棬ûٿų⡢·ת½ɽ
вصʱ򣬳Ǳһ·ģ·أʳԾָôҲûýٱԼ
鿴۳⣬ûɽ֮ʱεؽߣֻǳĬڳ󣬿ʹˮ档
뿪ˮ򣬳ɽׯѾȺʱŲ߿⣬Ŀһϲٿ󣬺ܿתΪĺ𾴣Դ˻ͻؾ
Լ뾩ȻйհæʱǬһҳһţеúæ
ֹܿ͵˾ǡ
ûиع·
Ҳгų⡣
ûϻˬʵϢֳգֻһһЦҡҷˣġ
⿴΢΢˽ܿЦϡÿ
عӣվڴ˱ɡ
ҲáӦûоܾ
һʹ¿ȣϢ䣬߹ӵĺдźɽĽ⣬Ǿ²ѩ
⿴һ㶣Ȼ뵽Լȥ֮ǰعⷵյʱ򿴵Ӱ
ʱǸԼ֡
ǡ
ԳЦ
ܿ£ǣ嶯Ȼһ󣬺ܿ촥ŵľذס
ȻԲѣҲûаѲ۵Сӵ
Ĭ˻ᣬԼõľذ׽£߬Լ֮Уõǰ̯


98 ˪ѩ50
ľذǳԼķԵֵһ˺, Ҳȷʵ⻯˺ܶΣա
鿴ųĶ΢΢һ, ĿҲڳĵСɵľСϡ
ǡʵ
֮üľذףĿ¶ɫ, عӼΪұΪ뽫عӣԱм
Ҫʲôм
СȷʵǳЯ֮, Ҳ⽫ľ󡣽עƬ, ڻʰеľһúñܡ
ǣ𴽽ǣЦ¡
λйȻ㲻ϲְ, ҲῼٸʵλáȻֵ
һ仰, ͻȻ˻ʵ۵ݡ
ڳǰԳơޡȻ
ڵʲô٣˵ûˡǰڳϣڳѾ⡣
һ鼱ȥȷϡ
ôǽ, Իǵ˵ͷⰲűǡ

鿴ų, ûóԼع, ĿִӳƵƤԼϸµ, һ˫۾أŹԵúڰ䡣
Ѿȵ˽귢
齫ľ, ȴ̧ס
£ȥ˫ʱָֻǰģûٺͳ˵תصڡ
ʹǰС
վԭأֱʧԼתָȥ
ָ·ϣֿķ
ķŮû棬¶ӿŮ崿ò֮ˣԱ߹ż̧ͷŻָָ㡣
ֻϧдš顱ĸ֡
̧ۿŰ񴦵Ϣȴһ 
ЩͼҪҵʲôʱ򣿡һģһİŮ
һ㶣תȥֻȺһӵŮһС̯ľᡣŮľᣬ̯ľ˼ͷϷһ˿ϲɫʰʮ̯ͭеľᡣ
Ůӳ÷ǳƯֹƣģЩ죬еФ¸ӡ
ոǴŮķϷ
⿴ŮҲų⹴ŴЦ
ȥ֮ľ롣
𲰲衣Ůӵò
𲰲ַ̧ԼòȻЦȺеߣ⸱òҲҽںϡ
¸ؼˣǰŮòƣܿѪԵϵ𲰲Լ˵һò˵ڵӿ¾ǽĸ˪ò
۾ƵŮӵϣ㵹ͦڡ
ҴӷǬԴ϶˲ǮЩǮǧΪҶһƤ𲰲ЦִзĳҲжԲߡ
˵˷ǬĬ˻ᣬŻ𲰲裬Ǭۣ߱ʵװɣ
𲰲ûлشЦ۹ͷ
ǴвسģԶҩգܻһҽҩԳɷ֡ڸǬ֤ݣ¾
𲰲ȣǳⷢ𲰲εԴ
ǬΪܹ֪ô˵顣𲰲ⲻǱʶˡ
˪˵ϡɼλ߳彭Ůò˻ܽأһƤҴɼղ׷ɡ
ûĶҩǬҲᶾɱ
𲰲۾УһһԼԲɹֲҡ˪ҲҪЩ鷳ҿ˶ʮꡣ

𲰲軹ǵ˪Լ飬ЩôΪʲô˪Ҫάǡ
жãʵж顣
˵ҲҪǿһǾܲԿס
û뵽вԺԼѾС
СҪ£޾֮·ǻҵǽĳڡ
⹫ڵңһҪвصԿ״ȥҺĺӡ
вصʱ˪һлõ𲰲뿪ǸĵطʱȴȻӭȢǬõϢ
õвصԿףɹ̫֮λȴûк˪һ
ؽ㣬㣬Ҫɱ羹λãҲͷ㡣𲰲缱ǵظϵؼңݵ˵
СҪ嶯˪һ㶣Ȼܿס
ҳ嶯ǹƭ㣡𲰲ؽ㣬ΪвأΪʲôҪά
裬㻹СЩ黹˪ǺӵС壬ܲСɱװɣ
ǡ𲰲軹˵ʲôȴ˪ٶȴϣС֪Ϊҵģ̫嶯ˡЩڻ÷ٹʮʮٻؿô²ˡοⱾҺͽ֮顣
𲰲㶵ؿ˪߲޲ֵӤ׷ʵؽ㣬ˣͲԹޣ𣿡
˪ܺ𣿡˪źӵĶһ٣ҼȻҾͲڡ


յĻƼɣѾ˷ǡԺһʱؼΪ˪ҳ߶䣬⽭ÿ궼˲ŵ𣬵𲰲ôûٵ֪˪Ϣ
˪ջǺˡ
𲰲롣
ƵۣͳǬλ˳Ȩ£ǵúҲӵ˸ͷ٣Щ˭ǵһŮΪǰĸλó
ʮ󣬷Ǭͽϵѷ죬𲰲˺ܾãھϷǬ
˵Ҫллβ𲰲뵽ȻµسЦôв֮øоΣ
Ǭ˵ǳһְ⵹ģݰѣõͷڣȻʷҲʲôõ
Ȼ뵽ԼвصʱݱͻȻ֣½ܾܿĳˡݱĳֱǵģ
вǽﵽʲô뵽üȻһ
𲰲ֻЦ
⸱ ȷʵö֡Ĭһ֪볷飬δдִ⣬ҿѸ½¼ģ
һף𲰲ԭЦŵһ
ֳǸֳӲʯͷ
𲰲迴ų⣬һҿѾָвǽʲô㲻Ѿ𣿡
Ҫ䡣ǽֻ֪Ǹȥˡ
ᵽˡ𲰲ü΢ȻЦ ˵ǹ
ü
ֳ裬ȥģʵӦͲ³ˡ𲰲迴ų飬ȻЦǵڲǺͽ鳤һģһ˵ǹȥģ
𲰲һμʱûü۲죬Ǭʧ֮ʱ𲰲صȷϹòԶ϶ǰʵ
Һ˪Ϊ׷ɱǽڣǺܾãؽʧִϵյǲŵ뿪ǶǽĿռ䡭 𲰲˵⣬˶٣ȻųЦյ֮һŹ⣬ؽĶӡ


99 Ĵξѩ51
ǹ⣿۾
Ȼأ𲰲вرͻķѾã˶, þ͵вصĽܹ
£ûڻϵˣ
û, вͱ˴ݻˣµֻǵʬǡǱ˪յ, ҲѾϺĻҲ㡣
ʣ𲰲˸˲ʲôЦ, ʱвػǺΣա
ֱյĶ
յ, ԭǽܱտռʱ߽⣬Ź˪壬˪ڵӳա
ٺ, ˪ҵ˽˺Ըʬ, ȡһָǣвصָ
˪ƺûп֮ǰݱǰֵרעоôвصԿףԼ޲
ЦΪʲôǶԼĶӿ
𲰲һʼҲԼ˻þ, ֱһ뿪вغ, Ժ۾, һιʱξг֣Ļ, Լ֧ļ䡣
ٺԼ˥ϵüΪ뿪в, άԭӣûκεı仯
𲰲迪ʼʶĲԣȻȥ֪ͨ˪ʱѾ̫ˡ
϶ڷ贫˪һɵӣشСźʧС
˪ܴ϶Ѿ뵽ʲô
ҲǱ˪֡𲰲ۿͷգ·һ̧˻ţиӵļɬ֮⣬ؽջ
ݱȻб˼ȻݱٴвأԽ龫֮ʱȴûж֡
ʱֳˣõĶֻᡭΪʲôֻ֣𲰲Լ
ĬһᣬջҪˣݱ볷飬òҪٴ⡣
𲰲裺
𲰲迴ֳȻЦһĹֻϧ˷ǬĻǻϣ㲻ӡ飬һܽļֵ˶ã
⻺սָȷʵͼˡ
𲰲裺
һޱߵ˿̧ͷԼĻڳǣתͷҲصȥ
ϵ·ҡҡλΣһ·
𲰲뿪Żһ
ԴвظȻڲָͣڻûлָ֮ǰʢʱڵһ״̬𲰲ǵзѣ﷢ͻҲһܹȫѹĽ¼֡
Գȴܾûгˡ
һ뵽Ŀܿ
ʱҪˡ
˱飬ܿҲַᳵ·ָٶֱӷǽԼķ䡣
ɸɾһŴһӣһյߣȥֺס
Ҳǣλݻʵۣܶ೼ӶˣǽҲʵ۵ּھǵݿ϶硣
ЦһŴؽߣġ
žʲôûС
ڷùյΪԼһˮڴš
˼ڣȻ
ϵͳͨķʽ
лһƬԼϢʱ佩ӲڳصȻ
£볤һֵģӰεľӰ
㲻ҽԭ𣿡ƽ
ûӦ
Ӧ˰ɣϵͳ϶أ˵ȴŲеĹӰʵҾûﲻ㵱Ҫ󡣡
ڿгĬһڳΪҪʼװƵʱ򣬳Ȼǣ񣬰ĽҿһҪ󡣡
˵⻰۾ȻսȭҪصԭ硣
˵С
ΪβУԣȻһ˿
صԭδﵽ㲻ܻȥ
áãõúܡ˲Ҫ˵ôûʣûдҪҷŻԭɣ
ԼԼȴôһϵͳץͣڣαһȻͽõ
ֻؿǹвǿѹסŭӿҪȥڣ
С
ּ߬ͣŭˡվ𣬳ϵĲߣĹŴȥ
ƭӣȫޡ
ߴڵգѡһڵƬ
ô룬㶼ܻȥڵĲǲ飬⣬ҳΪ£Ұ첻
ִŪң۾΢졣
㳳ܺܿЦû塣
ھͺܿЦһȴôҲЦ

Ĭûٴ⣬Ȼн£
˵ȴóô뿪ٶ˵Ѿӽ
ûĻ»عһߣڳǰʧˡ
ⶢųʧĵطе
ûлӦ
ֵͺһҳ
һƬƽ
۾ѱͨ죬ƭңҡãܺãšţ
˵ţĿȻϵĲյƬʰһĴƬ߬С
Ĵ˲仮ƣµɫ
ϺȻ¶֮ɫ͵̧֣ץסƬݺݵԼĺ£
Ƥ˲ȼϽѪҺ
εŲںϵĴƬǺݺšᴩӡ
ѪӿǺס˺һϢ
ǰͨһƬҡһ£浹¡
ѪڴӿڵϻƬѪ
ѪУϢ鴤۾ȴض
һ˰ûϢͻأĴƬţΨвѪڲͣ˿ڱ£ѪԽԽ
һƬš
䡪ѸʧٶƬϤĻ硣
һΡڶαʱֱ壬̷׳ģӿ̤ˮ档
ˮϣѾйǾǳı塣
ʵǰҲѾǰɡվˮϣǰĹ

㲻ңҲˣҪô죿ĿеķûȥЦ⣬ǰ겻;ô죬ڿҲƭҵġΪʲôҪƭң
ûд𻰡
Ϊ𣿡Ȼʵ
һŻ⣬ǰ̫㣬βͬˡ
͵̧ۣ˵ʲô
ϸûʲô㡣һΣ⣬Ѿʧˡ
ʧʲô£ Һ޲Ͼʧ

âһ˲һûиҲ⣬ô֣Ҷȥ
쵰һ˲ӿ໰Ѿȫ裬ƾʲôңҪұ飬ұò𣿺ááȻˣҸҾͰѽɱˣҿô
ɱ޸Ҹ书ԺԶκβ
һ֮µ书Ȼ˼
ԭһֱ
Ҳ˶ϣ˶һΣҾͻһΡ㡣㲻һͨ˻꣬ûҵһǴҶмʤ㣿
ǳб壬޲ھͳȥ˺á
ǣƭ㣬ȷʵԶû취صԭˡֵҵʧֳѾһִ񡣡
ǡǺǡ⿴ųȻЦ壬۾ѾȫѪ˿ƭҵɣǳ⣬ֳ裬һһԭĵطңôڲƭΪ񱼲ô죿
γûлش
Һ㡭Ĩ

һ飬Ϊ񡣡תٿǵ⣬ԺҲ㡣
Դâˮ½ӳâӰӣϡǸӰ
Ӱޱ̧ۣĿһƬնʲô鶼ûС
ڴ˴һǹ⴦ֳָķԭڵѾ۾ȻһƬǹ⡣
ѪҺ»ǹͫľȻ̧֣ƬӺаγеߵߣ¡
ǹ۾עŴʣһڻ
Ҳá
ǹϣֳٶȻظƽȵĺ


100 ڶ С 
g˽ҽԺ8-017Ÿ߼
糿˵㣬лʿչ, 洰͸뷿, ڷĵ桢κʹϣ
һλ, һˡ
Ǹʮ겻꣬˫۱أϸܵĽëţϸī, ƽüƽһ, ͷɫγĶԱȡ
ò忡۾ӦǸúܺÿӡֻϧסһ, ʼնڻ˯, ûһҪѵӡ
ΪڲѵԵʣƤ𪣬ȴݣһθܴӲ˵ıǼ, ӸԵ
ʿĿòͣƬ, 㿪ʼһ没˲Ѫѹ, ˲˵״̬ͻܡ
գһ, λļͻ̽
ļһúƯŮ˵һ𳤴Ϊá
ǰ, ͻȻһȺˣҽԺ̽˵״̬
ѲˡǺûᡣ취ϵĹɷߡʿϡЩôš
ʿЩԣϾǲԼ£Ҳö˵ʲô
Ϊһʿֻչ˺òˡ
˵ʮ֣ƽ˼ʱһӣڴһŲ
СλҺ˵ӵ⴫һӵӵ䣬ıҵһƽ׳ɽһοһ˺ܶྫ
ӵЩϤʿǵǰȺ̸ʱҲ˵
Ų˶٣Ůģܸ磬лл㡣
֮仹̸ʲôл֡ӵôãҿѹҲΪǡ
СŮ͵͵ءšһܸ磬ôңġĺܸж
ܸЦСˣǼȻʼҸ磬Ҳ
˶Ի䣬ŲѾ˻ſڡʿţ·֮ʱò˵úһһͬſڣǺһ׷ӣһϮ಼£һľڼͷǿȥͺܴĴ磬ϸȥȴûвϵӡ
ߵǰͣ½Ųͷ۰׷ӣܸ磬Ⱥ͵ȥҸ磬ȵ𣿡
ܸһ㶣ü
֮ǰݵ״ǲ˿ȷʵйҡ֮ʱİ׷ڵ׶֮ˣȻرһΪס
ܸţȴ¶һ˿м񿴹ֺܿ¶һ˿ЦݣǺðɣǡ
ܸ¶мЦݣһ˲
벡ϣЦȴʧֱӽŷ˻
Ѿ벡ڲϵˡ
ҸǰͻȻʡ£˺ܶҽҽΣûκЧ⡢ǹ𣿡ź󣬳첽ߵߣŴϵĳ⡣
ǰϣͻȻεھƵУԴ˳߲ѣҲû۾
ĺ˵״̬˺ܶ鶼ûзκβϵ⣬άֲ˵״̬
˵¿ǹ񣬳ĴΪ˵ʿ鿴ȴҲûеõκȷеĽ
ǰڳѰ޹ʱ򣬡ܸ硱żȻἰʦͨӡ
Ӿ˵Ѿа䣬ʦ¸صĴڡ˸ۣеϣͨʦͨϵλҵ
ӿļͬgаæ鿴״
ŵؿӣȴӻڣѿ˴δκι²ǹ񡣡
ǵҸѻ𣿡һʵ
˵ӳ״²Ǻֹۡ

пһ£ؿ۽ȹߣ˫
Ѿʰߵߡ
ҡҡȴվԭأǰվԭأ˫ͨؿŴŵĳ⣬ҺҸǶ˵ǿǣеˡҸǲҲΪҲűġ
˵ĿȻתų
Ѿʮ꣬ʱһͷĶ̷òˣʱ¶üۼȴɷ̾᲻ɢ
ü¹ɷ֣
΢΢һ㶣δɣܿ췴Ӧֱӡ
㣬̧ۿ񣺡ɷȷʵɱ֣Ҹ֮ͨһǻܵӰ죬ɷ룬޷
֪Լ񲻺ãʱ˵ԭֻֽһ䣬˵
ȴǴۣŵˣ˼ȴ˵һʮꡣ
ǡ⣬һ΢̲סߵߣҸĸױҸһֽҴġ
ѰһӦǻʮġӵ
㶵ţãȻؿԼĸ硣
Ҫ˳֣üӽȻ⣬˸־鴦¡
ڴһ˲䣬ţȻһϡĻ壬ͬĿûκηӦ
Ӽ״һ㶣壬ȻַߣСһ˲ĸ೤ڷɳڿУ衣
ȴ⻪壬ֻԼСٿճ֣һʱ侪㶵
⡢ʲôһŽŵʵ
лᦣΪꡣӵ
ꣿҸǵʧ֢𣿡æʵ
˼Ƭ̣͵֮˵ꡢػꡢ˻꣬˻ػ٣걾һ岻ɷָҸող鿴ϵĻǣȴֻеػڣꡢ˻Ѿʧ¾һֱѵԭ򡣡
ǽҸĻٻѻ𣿡¶һ˿ϣ
Ȼڴؿӣȴ׷ҡͷ²£ܹ֮ദôãܿΪ̵һֱڣԲŲܵɷֵӰ죬û
һ㶡
Ҵ˴ûйţĻԭͺǿа˱ܡһػˣǸ˵ΥֻصˡӼն£ܿ޷󼰵ĴڣΪֻ֮ȿ˻ġ

ӻڿ裬Ѿ˵
ֻܿӷ裬һԼڳļЦſճһοᣬһƬȻ
ȻСʱ󣬳⻹ûѹ
ӵлᦻü˼
תۿӣСʵҸĻҵ𣿡
̧ۣлһһջءһŻӦĴڡ
ȻؿŶԷ磿
ӳĬջǸ˳𰸣ǡ²ڵСһλ¸صĴʦ˵ڵ֮⣬ǧλȻ޷֪̽˻κϢ˵Ѿ뿪
ţֻ˵Ļ֮չ¶ȴ֣ӽĴ𰸡
ǡҸܻ𣿡ʵ
ҵ޷ءӵڿҲֻλʦֻҲòȻżص磬Ҳ֪һλʲôʱ򡣡
ֻоľԨٶ׹£ų˯գૣҸ粻뿪ҵģˣһʲôԡ
˵ţ̧֣ĶһܶãҶ
Ӿؿá
лʵ顣мһὫεķû
Ůǰһֱ̻˼ǿģĬ˻ұչѾãֻǾİӹŹ֣³ɽҲûаκ⣬ԺлλʦһλʦǷа취
֣صع񣺡Ķ飬û
ûٶ˵ʲô뿪
뿪֮һֱȺܸ˽̽һۣȴԼİóССļӺӣڳԱߣϸؼŶǰѾ۵
ļ£ڷ
Сôʦû˵ʲôѹ𣿡ܸ̽ʵ
ļ΢΢ٶ٣ҡͷʦ˵Ҹʱѡ
ѡĸ֣ܸ˿ܿ¶ӵɫװΪ񱧲ƽʲôˮʦȻƭ˿Ǯģû뵽Ҳôûá
ܸ磬ô˵ʦҲˡԣܿ¶ĵģ
ܸϸϸܿ¶Цݣߡ
Ϊͷ
ܸ翴ųòֿӣȻڵСô˵һʱѲˡ˵ϻг¼ҵĹɷݣٻ˯һ꣬ô죿
΢΢һ㶣¶ãҸµǮΪβѾõòˡЩɷݣҲûô
˵ţȻؿܸһۣܸ磬˵Ҹô죿
û뵽ô˵ܸһϲס߼ȷʵһʲСĿ˵ıչɷݣʵûǮ취
͵͵Ӧһллܸ磬һú롣
ܸЦ
תʣµˮزųӡ
˻ǰ˯ţ·Ҳ޹ء
ɫѾ
磬ǰһֱҡ
ڣ
û㡣


101 ͬۡ1
ҹʷ̨Ժһ, ̨, ҡҷӡճӰ
˾, ˹վ͵ڵذϡ
ǺǺǺǡ顣ڵϵͣǱ̧ͷǰӰЦ˼, ˻, 㾹Ȼˡ
ŵӰīڳɫ¼ɢź, , ޱߵķ˿ںɫëߣ¶һ˫۾
ϼá
ҹɫ䣬ͶڷϡǵϵԼʮɫ, ģ, ǵ󳼡ʷϼá
Խλ, λһֱƳһǰԴĸǰǬı棬, εĻʵڱλ󳼣һݵĿܿʼ£ȨǬֱƿ, Ȩƺ͵λͬն
ڣʷ̨ϼóΪȵµһس
ֻ֣ûٳԱߵԣȴһ̣վϼõǰ
ϣһɫ籡
ϼõ۾˲ξ۽ڰϣɫ΢΢һ䣬ؿڼһ£ȳʵǺ⣿Ҫϳʷ̨֮ΪľǼ쳯УȨϼΪϼö֣ºغڿ𣿡
Ŀԣûд𻰣ֻվš
ĺӰ״ֱӽ̷ڵϣȡ籣ߵϼǰΧŲӲ
ҹ ϼü״ȴֲˣֱܿڵϡ
¶գʷ̨ž·ԱӰûܽ˺Ժûõϼõŭ
籺ܿ쳹ϼõĲӡϼؿڱѹڵϾȻ̧ۺݺݵؿ飺飬û뵽ֳȻܹĸƣһСֳܰ㵲һʱ֣֮һ𣿡
ֳ֣嶯ɫԽú䣬ɫĵһѩı
ģϼЦֿȣϸһ˿Ц⡣
ҲЦ𲻾ãһֱĬȻڷ䣺ϼãһֱ룬弴ҺͷǬ¼ꣿޱޣϧ罻ƺͦȥвҹܵġ
ϼ΢΢һ㶣£Цŵۡ
鿴ϼãȴͻȻЦЦղ⣺ʷ̨һĽ⣬ְɣʷةԺҪλãѪԵϵ߸һ㲻Ϊ˵ܣ
Ľһϼɫ˲ضŽ顣
Ц
ſٶȱ򿪣һʷ걻ӰܿһĵڵϡŲϼòϵİ籣кܿ췺һ˿֣ʵ
Աߵȴֶһ籡
㡭ϼÿ˽Ľӵקͬð籲ӣϹɫʧɫ֣飬ҪʲôʲôϷϷ϶Ľʲôϵ
鲻ֻǾؿµ˰Ľ˿С
ڿвͣŤҵţһƽֻʣϷĿ֨֨졣ϼÿȥʱֻĽⴹͷύһһε׹
յʷةٴ˫۷ף۰ϼá
ϼٶڵ׿־塣
һ̡
ϼߵĺӰ͵߬İ籣ϼñʱǵͨ죬ͷֻⷭʣ˫ק籲
ʵؿǰƮʬ壬ֿǰվŵ۵ֻϲŭʲô鶼ûУĿ̡
ϼõľǴһǵĶıڻ̱һߡ
ϼҲˡ
Ӱȷϼ֮ٶȡ籣ʬҲϷ
з紵÷ʬҡҡλΡ
ϼáǬԴӵ鵱ܵĸ󳼣Դ˳Ϊȥ
ƽؿüתг䡣
¹䣬ʷ̨ԺĻ԰ϡһ˴԰촦ĺɫëڼձɡ
Ų˶٣Ȼ̧ͷ¡
Ҳ֮ʱһӰԱӹһɿ⣬¹ֳ˵
ϣɽׯ̽˹ܵ١ǸʮӣǳɽׯĺŲߣ뾩֮󣬱θأС˵ڹļ١
ʵ
ǡŲߵǵĵĵ̣ǹܽ˵йǲֹۡ
ڹһǰͻȻٱ鲦ӭУ֧֮ԮڼԴһһۣˮʯɹر͵ʿս£ڽĸϳ߹أصñ߽ȶ̫ƽ
ڵģҲ̽ׯ㰲弸ȥģŻ
ǡŲߵͷ»˰׵
Ӧһ۴ȴ¹µĻС
ʷ̨ǲȴºţԼֵ˵ͷ
ͻȥ𣿡Ȼʵ
Ųһ㶣Ӧָ˭ֹܿѾߡ
ֳߵֻǰΪ֮ɣҲ֪ںδڷǬұ鳭ʱ˴һͷѴһŵĳ״ͳһ¼뱨߲ͣű֣շת˽
ʱвػؾѾµʱˡ
˵ʲô𣿡ʵ
Ų߷Ѵ ߵʱ򣬻ϵӦְگ͵ˣҲߺگ飬Ҳûж˵ʲô˵л¡

齫ĿӻƿһĬĬʰȥ
ʷ̨ⱻϨ𣬺Ӱһһ룬Իãȴ򷿼ʬ
*
Ͻ񷿴һլӡլΪԭǷ˶ķծ񣬵Ѻھۣ˰ºһüĿţ˵լӡ
ŵúܿ죬ܿסլУһģһӡһ˰ԺӣլӴþ
ʱլĿյϣüĿеĵʱԾʱ£ʱʱƴ󿪴ϣݺأʮ
Աڹơ
ãһɨǧ
ѽһƽɳ㲻
磬ôãҪҪЪһЪ

üĿ͢ξ죬ʱԱŮӵ˵ҲԾЩۣ˵Ա߹ۿȺ
Ⱥһ߿Źһߵ˵찡Ҿٿ϶û⡣Һ߽ˮƽ࣬ҲǵĽʿء
˵͢ξƽԱߣ͢ξҼ߽Ҳͷ͢ξʵ̫ˣ٣㶨ܴչȭš
ԱߵŮӾû˵ֻǴˮЦӯӯظ˹ȥ
л𲼲һϵĺˮ˵Ҷ˼ˡʵҲȭè򣬱ִǵ֮𡣡
ִ˿϶ֳָ衣
ǬıһУֳһ֮ƿǰıΪϷؾɱһѪ·ɹΧ䣬´ҶĿá͢ξ˵ֳһǹо죬˺ܾá
Ĺڳе˶޷⡣
ƽһĴȵ˾Աߣ죬ⲻ̵ĺʱ򣡡
ǰָ㣬ѧ߽ܽ
ڳ˶˵׷ǵ˿ȥȴԱߣλòÿ͢ξڵϣü΢Ŀֱֱؿǰĵ棬鰲û
͢ξˡ
ִڷ
ֳ谲ȻػصǣҶ˿ھ򷿣ֳҲһԭָ˳žͬһԺ
ƽ߽żȻᵽ棬Ȼٲ˿ֳ衣ֳֻǰľ״̬˺ܶ࣬˿ȥû£˵ʱҲЦź̸ϼ䣬ֳһ˵ʱȴǷһĲɵĸо
磬硣״Ȼ
ڽ΢΢һ㶣̧ۿԱߵˡ
ˣˣǹġ
ţȴԱߵƽִˣϾҪȥμӿƾˣ书ôָָһѽ
ǰִˣҲѧġ߽Աߵͷ
һ㶣Ŀתʱ򣬱㿴һС׵Ķ
⣺
书ǳֻøֳɵʹãʲôĵá
ʱڵ͢ξѧʵ񣬾ܾĻӲǸ˻
Ҫ㽲䣿
书Ψ첻ƣ룬̽
ƽ
߽
죺
ǽ˶֪Ļ
ﾲĬ͢ξ˿ʼ
һ
ƽһĴȣ԰ִ˽е
߽֣£ԶԶԣее
ԭɫΣԱ˷Ӧͷлִˣô򵥵ĵǰȻû뵽
⣺


102 ˵ͬۡ2
ʲôˣ
Ĭ˻ᣬȴƽ˽Ц, ܿתƻ, 㿼٣ǴӾǺһھлְλ
Ҳûáֿ˳һ, пܣֲִĻҵȻһֱִߡ
ɽ֮ʱֳֻһĹ޸֮, ˵Σ, ܵ׷ֳ衣ֻǰĹ䣬ִƺҪ
֮ǰִ˵ǰһһէµʱüֵ, ֳ˵Сһ׮
, ֳԱߡ
ƽ߽һۣɫЩִ˻͢ξͺˣʱ˶ܼҡ
ǰ, ·, ֳ͢ξǰ, ְƷƷ
ְֳ뿪͢ξ, ǰʹˡ
ǰֳ͢ξǿսԴӿɽ͢ξĿֳ赲ڻǰŷǬ, ˭Сֳ
ֻǻεҲ˾е֡Ҫֳ֪Գİۣεְݴʷ͢ξҲĹٹְεǰȴǸ١ĹٸٵĻֳ֪书ǿģҪŵ
ʲôǰ;żۣЦЦ죬ʵԽεٴչȭšǵλ¡֮ʣҿбΪ̫ࡣ
ִôǾأһ㶣뷴ȴԺ˴š
ʱ򣬻˭լӣ
һ㶡ھǵĹϵ򵥣ύҲֻ͢ξˣѾûˣҲ
ѵִ˵ˣ
ȥǰſڣңܿͿһʮ걣úܺõվſڣϽ³УȥʮֻǸⱦˡ
󣬻һСˣһľᡣ
ű򿪣ӿװ磬üɤӵֳأ
ִʲô£̬ȣҲüûÿ
Ҷӣ˵ʲô£ ̳һԺԺĻľз޷ߣӣ˵ҾͰңﻹûףûּң
챻Ƶһߣһ¡
լеģߵǮ㹻Ժӣֳֳ·Ӻ󣬴žʱͬסһԺѾˣҲûֳԼļ£δ뵽ȻլӾȻᱻֳĸš
ֳҲšּ̼ңֳƾа٣ǽּҵִƺּҲϣа֮ǰΪһ±ɨسţ֮ϵӡ
һΪֳסֻһʱ⣬ֳȷʵٻָ
ֺͻȻ֣찵һãæתȥȴֺѾͥԺֳ裬ԼĶӴӵۡ
տУñո֣ʱͥԺʯϺȲ裬ֺ߽Ҳɵ΢΢һ㶡
סƵط˴լӱּԶԶ磬ƷǰסôԺֺ϶ʱ¶һ˿ġ
һʼΪֳҪּңּң˭õԼĶӾȻֵط˻졣
Ͻƽססַڴмĵط
ֺ̬Ȳƣƽ߽Ҳ׷״ǰˡ
˭ֺĿھϡ
ΪԵʣʱŴֲ£ȥҲʮءֺĿ¶һ˿衣
ϵáֺԵ޹²յ̧ʵүʲô
ֺû뵽Ϊֳףּһһ˿ڣһ㶡
Ҳһ㶣⡣
䵭ûйı飬ֻǿֺ
ҲգּҲһŮֳֺģԷԼ˵ĺݻ˸ͻҲҼֻ֣ɤֳϴСҲʱ׼ˡ
˵ţܿԱ߸ŵСǰһͼڷŵͥԺϣüýŴĻ£ҴļŮӣԼĳѻ¸ˡ
ܶ࣬С˷ڰϻؾ̯һѣмݵ˵ϡ
ֺ⻰˵ڳĺü˶ɵˡƽһ𾪵ؿֺ߽ҲΪΣСĵؿֳ衣
ֺΪǺ⡣ֳƷǰԴǬ׷׵̨ĻʵȻȨգǰǻʵߵĴˣֳĵλȻͬһ㡣п׼ģּǣߣǣߵֶ棬ܹ̹ϵȻ
ֳ֪赱ǰּҵſϢý̤һءֺû˷ʱЩƽּҲ۵ĹټҶ׷ǰͽᣬ˵ü
˭뵽һǰֺһ񶼻ͶţԼȻˡ
ǣֺһһôԼӳɻ顣ѾкüѡеĻǺ鳶Ϲϵ˼ңּھǵĵλǳȹˡ
һжֻͨ˵뷨ڳ͢ξҼ;ȴǾɽ顪Ʒǰ˵ֳҲΪҸΪؼǣֳǰµʱֳŵĲЩֳйˣλӦø߸ϵ
˵Լҽֳ鿴ʱ򣬿ȴֳڽ黳Ҳ§ֳ裬ĳ
ĻϺֳĹϵ²ô򵥡
ڳΨƽӦ죬ľᣬ̯ۿ
ѽⲻ³ܶŮһ߿һߵҼǵ³ܶߣȻִ˵ˣ
㵹֪ĶࡣֺԣԵõص˵ͷ
ƽ״Цһ³ֻܶǸӵܶȻǶƷǰ;ıȵִ˰ҿʣ
˵ţѾֱӶһߡ
ֺһ㶡
Աߵ߽ҲѾ«ưһݾ̯Ϊ˵ûƽô˼򿪺Ӳǿ˺һű˼֡
ţÿ߽ҲѾӵԱߡ
ֺ
ʱѾ˹ƽ״̯һҵŮִȫûзǺͦġ
ߵĽŲһ٣ֺתҲʲôݣ
ң͢ξۡ

ֺ֣ۡɫһ䣬ǰҵģһˣˣֳ춼ʲô˻죿Ϊòĺ˼ңҸ̬ȣ
ֺôֳ費ϣִ˵ĸףۼֺƢƽҲɵû˻еĶԼͬؿֳ裬ĿⴥֳʱҲɵһ㶡
ֳֻʱҲشϵľᣬ۽µӰĿʹÿһ϶ͣ˺ܾãȻʮϸӡ
ſĶڶ˶٣ĿȴǶ޴һּᣬŵһߣһ


103 ˵ҪȢͬۡ3
ûϻظֺĻԱߵľٶ
ִ˳֮ǰ, ֳԼ, ǲ鷽ǬİӻǶŽ¼ϵ˶Сɱϣֳ», ˵ӡȷʵ˺ܶࡣ
һʼΪִ˻ΪͻϵĹϵֱӾֺܾ
ֳȷʵҲʻ͡һʮ˱ȢӣֳѾʮ࣬ûзЩֵ۰, ʱҲӦȢҡ
ƽһ, Ҳ֪˵ʲôáֳֺѵɤŵǹֶŮ˳û, ȢҲ档
⿴˾һ, Ϸŵһߣµġ
Ԫ˧׹Ůнŷ緶, պЯֵֺ
˵, ַּ¡
һδԺ, ⵹ûټֻǲ䷳ط, ʱŻʱüһӺȻϵŮӻ񶼷һ, ƽ߽ӵ
ҿˡһ˵
ģֺʵ
⻺һãʱûС
ֺû뵽⿴˰Ȼĳһ仰һŻͷ˵ʲôҪʲôˣ
΢΢һ٣Ŀ΢ȴûд𻰡
һ䲻ȵӣֺŭֳ裬ǹҵǲǣô˼ҵĹ㲻Ҫ㻹Ҫôģ
üֻǴ۽еĻŻͼѡ
ĸ֮ý֮ԣ鱾ɸĸ£ⷬ㶼ӡƺֻظǰֳָʱ򵽴Լ̬ˣֺһŭˡǳļҵĶ泤ģû̵ӣ
ֺ˵û̡ʱɫһ˵ֺѾӣ´ЩĪҽǶϣ
㡢㡭ֳƢˣҲֺǺ֪ǴֳùͷƲһۣؿڼ÷ЦҾ֪˱ƣⷬ࣬²ǻ˻Ǹ˰ɣ
ͷϣȻְһǰֳڷ䴩˽֪Ķ˳ֳһд˵鱻ȹڣȻ֪˭࣬ͬŮһ˲ֳ࣬輴ڶܷ顣
ڳû뵽ǰ֮ĳܾȻһֱɻֳǰ飬Է׷һ㶡ƽͷԣҪǰܣȴֳɫȻȱ仯Ȼ¶һ˿⡣
͵Ƕɣ

Ȼô׷ţֳ豾ȴûǰ˵Լ˽£ҲûгЩʵ˭û뵽ִ˾Ȼֱ˵
ƽǰĽŲʱڵֺҲһ㶣ǵͨ졣
˵꣬Ҳ΢΢һ㶡üؽɿļת
ֲû䡣ѾԼķȥͷҲصعϷš
*
䣬ȴɵסȦĴûȵϢ
ǬĸѾڼǰױ鳭Ȩһʱѵ³һ꣬ҵĽܿ˰⵹Ǭֳϡ
ֳƷǰƽ֮ƣ˺ֵͨµأٹǶƷĹְƽʱ۵ּǳ׳ΪĿļ壬ڳŶвٴŻҰͽᱧţ޷⡣
ֳû檣УʽȻýͶŮҵĻ֮ȴֱܿ˻ּҵүֺϵǺɫýԭ֮ʱֻǵԼҵĳӳҵʱĳɼҡ
ʮˣѾٵƷĳɼ˵˭Ű
һʼΪֺ־ڸϱɵ󽫾Ůᶼ˻ʱž棬ʼͷӶ
ֳѵĲףѵֳ
ٶ뵽֮ǰĴţ۶ʱ΢
ټɫҲҲû˵һЩƷϵĹԱ纲Ժѧʿ˵ֳ裬ҲһĪȰʱҪȥ˵⣬˶ڴƶ˼֡
ֳ裬ǲϲŮˣԲŰЩ¸˵ġ
һĴֻһǰֳ˳ЦĶ󣬶ܡûˣЦкܶ˿ġ
ݴţҵǧСϢʱ򣬷Ҫöĵֳÿ
һȥƵƮ˻ʹ
鷿̿¶紺
һ̨֧ϣī֭Ѭһ룬ֽ֮ϣȾƬī
⣬æŻ£ڵ˴õһ£űʣ߻
ϣŸʽĵĺˮάĳУû˳ʳ
ʵ۵£ﲢû˻ش
̧ͷֻվԼǰһ־ӣһīеĥī
⴩ź¾װǰͳһ䷢ǾװҲԵ·յģԵӵŮ˻Ҫϸ
⡢⣿񣬽һ㶣ֻ
ţϡԭһĿڿٵػӦʲô·Ը

ԭҪ˵Ļ̣īĥ̫ˡ
⣺
ͷȥȻеīѾһأ̨ī̲֭˴Ƭ
ڹеֵ·е鷿һʼΪԼȴû뵽ԷֻԼĥ
Դвػ֪Լ޷صʵ磬޴ȥϸ˼壬עҲԼУǺʱ顣
΢΢һ㶣ֻýī£ϢŭǳСˡ
鶢ī˻ᣬڷ±ʵǷ££ȢļҵĹаݿ˵޻ܴǡ
һ㶣Ž飬ǰɣü仹忡˵̬Ҳ
Դвػƺеǰһˡ
ȹޣʲôҪľ˵޿گǶ顣
⣺
ûʲô£ҲûʲôҪġص
Ȼû£ǾͲӦ񡣡ͷӦһٶȴ޽޷Ϣŭ⣬˵ô죿
Ϣŭֻһʱ֮ԣ龹Ȼˣ
֪ ôϢŭ
ջɣ̧۶˳ĺΣȹ
£뵽ոս˵ϵĻߵߡ
ĺѩ֮⻹ڣڵ¯Ϣ߹Ҳ
߲ֳֻ࣬԰Щʱ򣬳⻹оԷǼ
ʶ̲סһȴһץסļ
𶯡˵͵˵
⽩ס壬ȴǰ˺ȻͷڰһЦӹȡһѡ
ڿвΡΡģԲԲġ
ְǷǷաһԲ̧𣬱ߺȻ¶Цݣְ䣬ѿҪźˡ
˵ţѹطڳͷϣϢŭǵ䣬һŶС


104 ǰͬۡ4
ֻԼͷķ˿˲䱻ѹסĴС
ʲô
ʮ֮, ͨ, һϣҲҡҡ׹΢΢һ, æȻؿŶԷ
ȴѾɿųĿ⣬ǹЦ, Եм£޵ǰ书ǿ, СضְԲѡ
ǲĻǲѡ
ΪʲôҪģ
ĬĬֻоͷϵʱ ֻöƵû, ջϿʹűǡ
Ļظ, ۾УЦ
ͷⲻ񣬴վԭصȴķ
ȴ, Ŀڳ, ڽԭֽһ, һߣȡµֽ, ѹֽ
⾲ؿĶ
ְӦÿܶŮӵĻɣ汻ذֽǣϣʰ˸һߵֽ, ȻʵҲ֪Լû˻Ф񣿡
ûСж˶٣
ûгڵӵпԼ¼ӰƬƵõĵط뻭ʦ棬ĻҲضϲŻʹáڵֳ裬ȻֺеŮӵĻ񣬵ȴ䣬Ҳû˻
ĻشеıīǱȥǱá

𣺡ְ䣬㶼ͷϵĶ䣬޻гͷ
⣺˼Ҫ񣬵Ӧ֮ǰģģصġ
ĬǶ뿪ߣڽİǰ¡
Ŀϸϸؿֳգ˳üۡϸµĹǼܣԼȻͦ壬ԽԽ䣬·ҪѶԷģӡԺҲһһĬд
ıȴδ¡
̧űʣһ⣬뿴ӡ
һ㶣̧ͷȻؿŽ顣
Ŀഥһ𡣵ĿһӣоͷϵĶỬæʶԴ
ʱ򣬽黹ڿ
Եȡ
ĬĬڻתŽ飬ȵתʱֳѾʧȡ֮ɽ֮¶ļ
ֳҪ࣬üȻ۽΢òп֮ƣ䣬ʱˮһ㣬ڹ
Ȼˡ鿴żͫ⣬ɽ֮УЦʱعˣͬĸо
ʱҲϡĬƬ̣ͼֵ飬һ̧ۣѾֽġ
šֻӦһ
ûпԼҲûй
£ŵĽϷ̾ᣬӵĵλϢͬɽ壬Ÿߴĺѩ
鷿ûˣ֮ҰʼСһнģȥֻʣǰµӡ
һ仰ûкͽ˵ΪȻɽαװһȴġ
ȷʵһãһ硣
ΪҪԶˡ
ѾԼͽйأȻںͳŭˡ˵ܶйߵĻֺĻʱͷȻӿȴǽڵµȴ̧۳ĳ
˵ǰԼ룬в֮ʱʱ򣬿ǸӰ˭
㶵ؿţüٶĿֿʼ¶һ˿룬һ˿⡣
ֱһŵ
ϣٵϾҪˡйǷҪƼݣ
٣
ļ񣬻֮һ㶣ʶԼոæҡҡ׹¶
鷿˽ٱԵӡһͳԣǰصܵǰ˵˼䣬Ȼŵˡ
Ѿ˴գٳˣҲ֪ûо١
´ȴһֱûгĽֽʵֶ˶٣߿
ĿٶӣݵؿųգĿȴƵͷϵѡ
޻û껭¶һ˿ϧְ䣬˵ȥǲȥ
ûԴǬ˰ѿأõ˲ŻǻպίεĴ󽫡˼һ󣬴ü
ְʶƼ١鿴ųͷɽѣȻЦ
߲ڽ鴦̶˶̴ҲһһȵĴ£ȥֳйĵЧҲܽ£δµĳӡ
ְ͸޻ǵȥһˡ鴦иñʵʵ۵ٶ𣬡ְҲһȥ֮ǾʣȻһһȣҲôѵһι͵Ļᡣ
һ㶣͵̧ۿ飬ȴ¿ӰϣЦؿԼͷĶ
ˣ
ⱳһ˲䷴Ӧ
ôˣ᲻֪еףѯԼ֪Լôشһʱûüϸ룬ȻԼԼӡ
ͷϵѻطţʱпԣֻתڽ޷ĵط»ֳס
̴ӣɫϣճںɫëУγıȳġתֳȡǰĺں۴ϡ
ֳͷϻԼȥĶԱߵ̴ӿ¶һ˿ȣȴڻʵǰ¶ֻ̫࣬ǵͷԼ顣
Ҳعھнǰ˷Ƽݱһͬ⹬зƣһȥɢɢġ
Ӧ˳͢ͳһ䷢Ҷ
˼ʵ䲻ڳʲô£ߵİ·һǰ뿪½ǰҲȷʵҪڽߡ
ܿ죬ѵͽһһӰһǰһУʹУȥ
ɴãӳ·ϣ˷׷ƵֻϡԿӰ
У뾩ؾУϣŻУϴһ޴̨ܱ֣ӭչ̨ĸϣģʱ޹ģ쳹̨һһӰѰ˶Ҫѽѷ֡лɫӰʮ죬˵ǰĴŴ硣
쾹Ȼɱǰˣ
Ŀ̨ϿȥֻıֵɫӰĹơɫӰҲǸʮӣʹһÿ佣ĵײ֮ʱлĽн磬ֳӰ˿ۻҡ
н֮ʱָԻʮУеĵԷȻ˼ȱڡ
˵ˣ Ҳóϱ仯ͷѣεҲɶ˵ģĿȴԶˣ̧ʵ
ɽξǣ͢ξӣø٣ܲ¿ȡһüóб仯Ǻ֮ʵƣҪˡ
ϵĽŽڽҲʦвҲ֮С
Ȼ֪ôࡣ
ⰵؿ˽һۡ
ʱУϵĺӺȻʵĿʢʹһնУкȥ
æֵκεֲŽķԭıȻӦϡ
ˡԼСаĵȻôˣʹϧ֮ɫȴҲ޷ƥУֻܵ
ڣٶȴ𣬺ܿ콫Ļڸǡȴɷվñʱֱֱأ緢֮ɫ̨̨µ˱ȭ
һ˵ҾʱҪȴھȻӰɵ΢΢һ㶡
ʶְݼϡԥһᣬǺܿͳķ
Ѿͣã΢΢ף㿴ԹٹٽʿĿ
ʱ֣ԭӣŻӣѹ书˸ǿ鿴ЦŽĿŻԹϡ
ʱ̧ͷŻϵķ¶һ˿ЦݣлϿ佱˷μ٣ҲҪѧҸһΪЧ
Ŷֳɫ״ԪͷΣҳĿܣ֪״Ԫηʵ
ǵԵݣʱֺܿЦݣʦн¼ʮ˵ŽһѧֻΪЧһϣǻϲȥΪϰȫ
һ˵ޱšһ㶣ʶؿ顣
״Ԫˡ鹴ŴЦ
˷ʱֵϣи֮롣
£״Ԫ˵ǡ
ʱԣЦŻڵǰǰ͢ξֳ裬ִѾãȴִ֪书ǳִдһ֪ϿɷӦʣ


105 ˺ͨͬۡ5
ʱֵĻشڣһ㶡
ǰǽİšȻزԭ, ԼְλȨҲûǰǷ, ӵܷگ֮Ҳֻƽܣճ򵽻ʹְѡ
û뵽ԼѾְλȻ, ʱֱӵü
ԣҲԼ˹
£ڻƤ, ʱĿഥ, Է͵Ц̧𣺡״Ԫִľٳ, ʵҪ, Ҫ˼
ϣѾˡʱִֵֹΪϰ⵹񳼣ھ, ҲĿô˷ɡ
ʱֻվ̨֮, Ȼ, ɫȴδȥ֡ʦӽ¼¼ˣò洫, ʦʤ֮ƣ˷μҲԼֶѡ
̨, һ·ɨһڿǸĿ΢ѲһЩһʱ䣬ֱӽеƻҲɹ˱ٵ״Ԫ
书оڰμķ롣֮ǰ;ǰܵǰĹְպĽԴ棬򽫳ΪʵߵĴˡ
˱ȥһȥ߽
ڵǰֳ衣
Ϊ˺ֳͨھбἰϼҶҪֳϼҲĽţƿز˵һǰ˵ģսô˵ҲǴŷ֪ýŽСĻȥֳ֮ǵܾ˻ٲȻһϼҵӣϼҳ󣬳Ϊ˵ķ̸ʡ
ֳܾĽڼһ󣬺˵ֳܻʮа˾ΪԵʣôƢʱΪ֣ȻҲֳЩţֳ̬ȸ
ˣƾʲôǰһĹмＸ⵹Ǭֻռʱ˺ͣĻҲһܹ
ʱֳμ٣ûֳôܹµȨʱ׷棬й䣬һԴչȭš
ֻϧڹ֮鳾䶨ٹ٣ӽϣֻڻǰ¶棬ڹԱӱûϼԼӡ
ֳԲʧΪһüƲߡսʤֳ󣬻ϻɶ࿴
ʱֿŻֻɴ΢΢¶һһӰҲжԻ
ְ䣬ҪԡЩ
һһ͵𣺡֪
ְ벻ȥʵʵ
ǵ˻᣺ϵ˼
һЦҲǿʵҲΪ㡣
⣺
ɴĺǰͳһɫֳӦþǻʵվŵˣʱִˣСĶսʹдһ
ɫɴƮվĺɫӰڶ˶ɴԱߣһֻɴ
ɴƤ𪣬ָڷ
еֳŮӣҲģտֳ֣ȻҲŮһ㡣
ʱвм̧۵ʱȴһ۵ӴӻгӸӸۼ㴩ҲԵӷףüɽԶ죬Ǻʹһù
ʱĿӴϵʱȴһ㶡
ǰ˵ǰֳɣڵֳͷȴһϺϺĶڶɢĹȴǷڡ
ʲô
ʱĿ˾ۣϸض˿һŷֳͷ϶ŵġǹġѡ
ʱһ㶡
Աݵ֮ǰѾǰϳѾ۹۱ǱǹĲϡ档Уϵ˴󲿷ְԹٶǵһοֳ裬ֳֵģҲ׷׾ȡ
Ǻʹһͷ϶Ÿѣô£
ʱ̨£ֳѣҲǴƬ̣ͷϵѲΡΡģƺʱеĿܣִȴһֿŵȻޣȴ·磬˵Ļ޷ɡ
ֱӳ˻״ԪִжԼܵơ״ԪְܻͷǱǽٵĲͷˡ
ͷĽ顣
ȴѾ߲յü裬޷˿ɫ
ĬĬջӻԾ£·ɣȵ̨֮ϡ
ʮֻһԽɾ룬ڳ۾
˴̨µĻٵĿԹԱǰеٽʿǶûвй䣬ûһĿùֳһĳȴ˵ֳĳͳţʱֳ࣬Բɵ𾪡
͸ոչ¶һֵṦԣֳȷʵмֵǰĵӵġ
ʱҲû뵽ֳṦṦӡֻṦʱǿ԰Ҳûʲô֮
лϲͷʱķҾת⣬ȭִˣȻµۣҪСˡ
ߵľСѾҲûʲôǵġ»ʡȥͷĶֻǡšһ
ʱԼŽ
֮ǰѾĶս֮ʱŽʱʱٶʹãֽҶӵаγ
ֵߣֻ̫أﵱֵʮֲ㣬˹ͳһ䷢ĵ
ʱҲϵó嵶ֻֻͨĶ
˶ţһ̨ϵĹٶ¡¡
ʱŹѪȣҲ̲סⷢ˸һŽ˲ûֽӰأ˵˼
뷢׼ǳڵλá
⽣ʮֻۻҡвٱ̭Ŀʱִ˾٣ɵ̾һҲǻ˲ڳĿҪûзֱ֮佣֮Ҫܡ
˭ûƽУҲһûӲӴС
ֳ˶еӰȴֳ迴Ȼûһáμȴ绤֡
ͬʱҶҲڿ˸ĵʱֵĽ˵һȴǼڿзһΣֳյ־ȻɿҶֳճϣͬһɿתֱӭʱֵŽ
飡ĽӰڴҶǽ߽⣬ŽҶײԵ졣
顪ײеҶٷȻֱӳѹ£һʱֵŽԷεѹڽűߡ
ƻǧ֮Ч
ʱֻδôǿĹֻŽһʱѹƣһҪνѣȴֳƺѥһֱ̤ӲŽĽϡ
Žʱڵֳѥ֮䡣
ʱɫ䣬ǿҪڻʵǰ֣˳ֳ裬˭뵽ԼһƺͱԷˣ
̨ϣ֮ǰȸֶѽѷ֣ôֳ͡
ʱоɲæۿֳ裬ȴֳվŵλöûб
ע⵽Ŀ⣬΢΢۾뵽ԽĥԸԼࣺ״Ԫ򲻹ңʹ˽


106 漱ͬۡ6
򲻹ֳ裿
Էʱɫ, ְйע, 뽫Ž֪ǽⱻذڵ, ˵ӳȡߣǽԼȴԽԽ䣬Ҫ۶ϵͷ
ֳ边Ȼе
ʱɵĹɼ, ɱɰ˳, ˾ųɹԷ˿ɫǵͨ죬ԭѾȻ޴档
⿴ſʱֶͷкˮ, ȴһִҪȥģ, ü״Ԫ԰֪ʵǹ֮̽áٴӣԼ, ûŽˡ
һɿ, ǡʱֹעʮɵĹ, ״ԪΪԼʵЧĿ˲ϲ, ⵭ɫһޣеŽ˲һ, ĳѥȥ
뽣ŵ棬תƬȫûиŵء
һȫǹҪƴԷ˵Ĵ򷨡»书ĿǿУ׷һû뵽ʱֻʹַȥԸǰĿǰϣ뿴ôӦԣȴֳʱֽУ˾ٶȴӵϷ𣬺ڳзӣȵٶ֮ʱڳصϡ
ѥӸͷһͬڿԹ裬ź컨޺ÿǿݷʵߵ½ǰƴǰƾϷɣ
˿ƲĿ⣬ȴּǰͷϣϺѶ˶طţһ١
ִˣӡ
ϹȻʶˣִ˵书ȿʱֲ
ô˵ȿʱֲֳһ书ṦԱ״ԪҪǿϺüʱǰNɪɲ𣿡
˵еǵʱεͱˣھȻôˮתˡ

ڳ˷׷׾̾۷׷ףȴȻ˱һн⾹Ȼ׷ֳ
ǿʱ֡
ʱֽտ٣ӦȫĿĽ㣬ֺѹס书ڻʵǰ¶Ǳģµɫٶȱ죬ݺݵضų⣬ٶִɹ
⹦ǲϸղҲ˵ˣֻҪֳͷյĲͷ
Žͷ­˲ȥٶ֮ǿʱȫΪһʱ佣Ӱٶ档
ִˣһϲҪоĦȴӰһէ֣ŴʱֵľһѩԽӰе׷ɣڿлһߣһУͣ졣
ǰĿʱӿ£ĺʮಽǿסΡ
˸ûп彣ӰзʲôһɫӰ»ع̨ϣ
ˣ״Ԫ 
ʱ֣
ˣ
ʤ֡
ʱ־ôǰˣǰ˵ʲô¼ʲôŽһǵûвòͷȻǰ档ǱʱԵֳ裬ԭǸ廨ͷȻ书˵˴۽硣
䴫Ųţֳ⵹ǬԴôһµµΪˣ
˷׷׿ų⣬ȴϻʵ۵𣺡ϧˣ˵ְʵף״Ԫ书ǿְд轻Ҳܿɹ󡣡
ĻǶԿʱ˵ģȻûбͿʱֵ˼ɿʱվԭȴɨأ޲ôӵȥ
ƤܱɫѾͨ죬ɽ鷢ǰֲҲӦֻõͷлϿ佱
ڻЦɸѡλ信ܣջҳжλպǸԶһչж۷硣
ǣϣڳĿԣ׷ݣ𣬽֯졣
վһֻ࣬УұʶӭչֻӪӥӣڲкণȻҲ˶ɡ
һӥঽԶ̧𣬽ڼݻعʾع顣Ŵ̨·ɻС
һɻǺһݣɵڳߣʶе;ŲȴͻȻһ١
ԭҲ֪ܵϮ֮ǰ˶ԵʣеĿʼҡҡ׹սǡһϺ쵫żղ
ζʱһۿɼؿžһµԼĲӱߣᵯ𣬾Ȼ˳䡣
ؿڴУֳ·ɿ壬ǴĶ˳ĸ߹£ɲɿϡڡСǰ
⣺
飺
ⱻ̼ûһ飬彩Ӳæ̧ۿǰƤϵĽ飬ȴԭʵ֧ǿѵĵطϵıҲһ˲ĽӲĿ⿪ʼ
ĿͣϢŴ΢΢𣬿ų⡣
ˡ
⣺
Ȼôûõġ
վԭأͷȴڱ̣һŽһ£һء
ҡҡλΣٶʹȥһ·鷿ͣ£˸ֻصԭߣһαį̄ﻹһ֧ϸϸļʡ
ݽ˵֧ʾѵ˵ġͷ
ԲȥϵĻۣɫ䣬¶ֱֳۣƤϸϾϸĹƤ֮ϣͬһ
ߵߣ̧ʣĴʣһᡣ
ʵʹóս֣鿴ȥ
صűʣ
뵣Ϣȡ
𣿡սȻ̧ͷ
ʹڳ˵ȫܣҡҡͷŽд֡
Ȼдһ֮󣬱ûмдһһʡ
ů紺ʰݣΨһûһµĴ಻ͣö񡣳ʱȥ￴ȴǽ鴹Ŀա
Ĵнֿסģдأ˵ľ뼸ߡ
ֱͣʡ
ĿҲŽĶͣ٣ŶԷĿĴȥֻԼдһһ֣һұдһ֡
һʲôĺ𣿡
Īؼӿ˰ֽ࣬ǿӽ鴦ƿĿ⣬ʵ
Ļѵʮɣ
Сȴûнֻͣ˴ıʣȡỨҩΪϡ
ϸĵΪԼ˿ڣ΢΢һ㶣ٶ㱣ϵĴ
رܽ飬ľʣ𣿡
ǡ
۾ûеİ⡣
ǰ档
˵ϢؿţƤ¶ȣǻԼǰ
ɫ۳գĿΪΪͣ
Ȼûλá
ʱȥָ©ߣʲô޷Ҳ޷ǰȴ
ڲˡ
һǻ򣬶ǡ顱ֵʼʻ
ڳԼļǺš
ʵʣֻаյ¡
Ҫҡ
*
ʱͨͨǵĹٵϣһƥɿڵϼۣϵһӼ죬ʱһ߷ɳۣһ߽ŵ󷽡
󷽴Ӱ׷ԽԽ
ӰṦѸݣʿĿ¶һ˿ǰģٽ߹أٶȸ漱ɳ֧СӸţʱ֧СѾĵһһΨһһű
Ҳ˶ˡ
űۣҲڴʱؼùٵһƥߣһӰʩʩȻƥϣǽʿеŸβͲݣ濴ա
ǹٵΨһĻˡ
ۼҪ׷ϣűҲӰǰĴʹ߹ظ漱Ҫϣ׷ɱæ


107 ռͬۡ7
а۵̴š໥ϲĽ֮, ף֮, ְۣ˱ǵһ¿ŵľ¥, ͬųԾơ
ǰ͢ξ䣬Ҳͬʱ롣ڹֵȵ¥ʱֳ, Ŀһ, ׷ǰŶӾơ
ֳƷǰ͢ξչͬһƷȻǳ˻ӭ
Ʊﱻ, ü, ׻ƱǰƵһһؾһˡ
û뵽ƽʱִɣȴȵһ, Щڡ
ִ˺Ժȡ, һһŵذŻ, һûкֶû˵ȥ, ֳܾ¡
ٵУϣִ̨Ȼ˿ʱ֣ҲǳĬ, ͷϸһѣ˾ùֵֹġ
ֳʲôû˵ߵ˹ѯʣֻЦֺһ
ƹѲҲֳȵЩˣǰ磬ųؼҡ
첻ҵؼңоһ㶣ôƣ켸䣬æǰæȥĵѾ
ֻǳĬĿؿžıӰ
ֻоһ޵ĿⶢԼ׼Ѿ֮ʱȴѾڴ˫ۣ˯ˡ
Ѿ˶٣˯գ׻ûнѶԷֻӣñǣϨ˵˳ȥ
ҹȴŵ²ͣת
һΣξҲĳ
ڵĵط࣬꽫ｽʪ͸ξʶǼǰųɨĹʱĳ
ÿųȥŵĸĸǰҲĹǰһЩֵֹԸ
һΡ
ĸĹԱһոµķĹ˵ƬǰȥֻƬһ̷ŻЦݣƬ
⺦µˣȴ˳塣
г
磬㲻˵ҪԶչҡ
磬ǲǱʲôˣôĶҡ
磬ûһúܺá


ͷҲصˣĹһ
С񣡡ûעԱߵ˵òֲֻʵҪ۽ͻȻһƬڰֻԼãȻʲôûС
ԭЩΡ
оѣͽ͵άֵƣ˺һ·ס۾
˵ûֳҲѾϰˡ
ʲôˣֻʱģɰڲ
ڷڵ͵Ц
Ҳ֪ά˶ãֱ콥⴫⣬·д˿ʼæµ
µһ졣
˯⣬ֱӴӴϴҲʱһȻլ
ֳ裬ҳһŮӵΣȥͬݺ䡣
΢΢㶡
ֳ֪档Ůֺ
һѾԺľ쾪ѣԱߵķ䴫ŵ
üҲ˳ȥֻǸеԺڣԺӵĴٶȱҵ졣
ֳ裬ͷڹ꣬Сżͱơ
С㣿
վԺһ㶣ķȥҹ޾ƵִͬվլУһ
ҪٱôңҪˡ
üףȥ̽ȥľҴһ˿ŷ죬ŮѾһ˽
ֳ裬ռң̿ǻòͷˡ챻Ů˺󼸲ſڴһӰԾżɱ
Ůһɫ£УԾʱ¶ź۾ѡͷ٣ͲʮʮֽΡ
һȿ죬ü򾣳ֲܿмƿĿ⣬ԺһӰòǻƵģεס
ֳɣ¶һ˿
ʹǣŮԳռңȥҲʮ죬Ī֮ǰֺ͹ĻͷĹ
ռҵкܶңô޼ɵֵܵģ𱳾ݵλֻһҡ
Ů
ȻŮưֳ裬ռңôǰ󣬽Ҫúýѵ㣬֪ռҵ³


108 ͬۡ8
绰һڣһ̽, һ쳤̾, ųķ
û뵽Ů˵־Ͷ֣æֵֵӺഥ, ˲䴫žһ졣
һ°ýʵʵڹ壬ȴֲɨ˺һ»һӡ
Ĵ¶ֱ۵Ƥ, һһһĴ֡´ûзỨ, зȵĸоƤ
һ㶣ļطӦ, ס˺ѵڡ
磡ִˣ졢Ϊ, æǰ̽Ѱ
ⴹ۰סࡣ
Ҳû뵽ֳûл֣ӲذԼһӣɵִǰ
ֳ豻Լ󣬲û, ֻһԵס˿, ˿Ů, һҲû¶飬·Լġ
ûκʾ, ֪ĹͷȻһĸоƲĿ⡣
еĲһҲЩҲһ
΢΢һ, æջرӣڶ޿ʼ
ɼ䣬˵ѾС㣬ռҲ޹ϵ֪˵
Ҳǳȵģе
ɫһ䣬ȴһ죬ߵռеλΣֻԼֿʱֲ빬Ϊˣż
ռҵԴϣµۼλ֮絹һϵԴ̨ȨйλҲһԾΪµĵһ󽫾
ȻȨȻ󣬹ʼǱƫԶ֮أȻȨӴ󣬵ھǵʵȴʮֱһھеĵȴ鶼硣
ǣϸһ뵽
ĶŮѾ޵͡ѡ빬κȥ֪òĻʵһֱûѡĴ㣬õȺֻܸɵۣ䱻Ӳصˡ
ŮҵĴҲôꡣ
ͲŮĿͶ򵱳ῡ֮ϡĸǰ;ȹ̳еҲɳΪռҵŮ
ʱֳռҵҰ
̶ֳһʱһĬĬŵ̼֮ƷǰǵͷĹ伸λйڽĪĶ飬պ;ȻھȨҲڽɳΪһǬ˵
Ը޸һδʶˣͲסг˵˵˵޸ֳһϵкôΪѵشӦ
ҾãҲã书ãߵҲ׷Ĵڡ ֳҲǸ̼֮ӣ޸ֳ趼Ѿ˵ңֳ迴ԼĻٵ֪ݣԻע⵽Ĵڡ
ţΪȵּҵýŻףһʱȥˣĻ񾹱ԭⲻ˻
ٹ죬涼ʼֳĻ£类˾Ҳ֮С
һ뵽һӵٽ󣬿ʱֺ˵ֳ裬ֳƻ빬顭
ĿٶתΪ޺ޡ
Ļ˵ڣȫֳ衣ԭվסˣռңѵǿʱ֣д豾ʤ֣֮οٱֳԣִʲôϵ
Цһѽ˵ֳΪѲ˵ĻмٵĲɣ
Ĭһ᣺ȻǼٵġ
磺
һ˲ľĬ
ڹٳҲмһԣǿʱֱִ˻֮󣬶ǻصռңִ˱Եһ
Ҳ˵ʱ״С㣬粻£ǲʲô᣿
˭ԺŮάֳ裬ߵռر߹أкպչѫ㺲Ժʿռҵ˶ֳ裬Ｘʱֵ˵ˣ
ɫһȴߵĳѾǰǰС㣬ãΪ˵Ҳûʲôڿ״ԪС㲻ǵĽͣһ潫֮¸һΣ
ֳվ˵ɫƽȣһľȻ
Ȿ׼Ҫ޵ˡٿԥػסŮ˵Ķ˵˼ʡ
Ѿ򵽶ԷլˣҧҧüһšٶߵַͷѾɱʲôø̵ģ̬С˵־Ųһף
˵գԥһᣬֹ磬ֳ˦ȥ
һ֣ǰıӵȴҪϺܶ࣬ŻŻֳ裬޵;Уȴһѽסû˦ȥ
һΣ⾹Ȼˡ
С㣬Ȼ㲻ţ֮ûʲô˵ġûгץס޼⣬ĳļңոСע󣬲Ҫ֡
ô˵Ļȴ羪㶵һСü˵ʲô㡢㡢˵û󣬻˵Һ֣
ǡ⻤žС㣬Ȼ޷̸Ǳذɡ
㡢㡭ų⾹ȻԼԺһ˵˺üͬüϵ֮⡣
üһأҪޣȴֶԷקýġ
˸ûнݷʱȻ
ּŶԷԼĿ⣬ȻüʾߣֳǰԽʲôһ˶˵ǶˣΪϡ
ԭƽɫ΢΢һ䣬ԭҲһ¡
;˵ɫ׷һ䡣̲סٶվüС㣬žͳЩ࣬ѵǴ˼ҵķ緶
ߣڱɫԭܵЩ⡣뵽ֳԭֲɫҲһ䡣
ֳӣѵǡ
ֳάһ˲ľĬֱլͷһȻէֵŮᣬнַҲвʶģ໥档
ˣˣոʹˣ
ǺɫģѵǱ߹سˣ
ԳˡʹǵʱȫѪԲס
²սزס߹˰ɣ

ַ˵ԽԽ࣬ڴ˼ҲԺ
졢໥һۡ
ʲôţȴ̲סʧ
*
ϵеʱ򣬱㿴ѹ֣˶нŵɫĵúյĹҲɪ¡
һ·ûͣȥ鷿˽飬ûˣ·ȥ˹
ʱѾˣһ˹ţǴӱ߹ǵʹţֱǳɽׯׯŲ͢ξգ˱ߣһ˳Ĭţǻʵ۽顣
ѹʮֵص͡
ⲽü˵Ŀģսķ²αܵģ
ʹ˫΢дæ׵ش˺ͻϣһǰͻȻұ߹أսɳӭȴӪɱҷʧأҲ񡣸ʦҵȳ֮ʱ߹ؾͿزסˡ
Ҫһµг̣ʹҲҪ֮ࡣʹԣ߹ؿѾơ
߹֮ٽǳأᵽɽԹɽ֮һ·ͨ裬ֱǡ
⣬ûֱŶֻʹĻĬȻһڽĻ𣺡ʧ֣˴εб


109 ͬۡ9
ս¸ոƽЪһ꣬, սܵĵȴڶʱ־, ¿ʮּ֡
Ȼʹ, ԥǹϣ˴εĽǰҾδĻ֮ʮֺˡҾ佻սζĻϡ
վĳȻü, ȴҲֶ֪ĵѾӰĽս, ԸսŤתЧջǶ˵ȷʵ
, һĪϤ, ˲뵽˱ԼжȥһֵֻĪ쿡
Ī쿽¼壬óʹûϷһս󱻳ܡ
ѵºĪйأֹǳ뵽Ī쿵飬Ųߵ
Īĸǰ, ĸһֱѺϷ, Ӧò˷ˡյ
Ųü, һĪõǰ뱾ؼвأ᲻бؼ䵽ĵϣ
˻һ, ڳһ˲ľĬջʹӲͷƤĻͣʦҲйĲ²⡣
ˣ
вضƵı仯, ֻо˲ֲ֪֮
ʹᵽʦҲжšִʵĴӣʶ㣬ʹĻģΣӡ
ǰֻǲ룬˲õ֤ʵŲߺ͹ɫһ䣬ճƲֹۣսķڽףǲġʱټϻ߹ضȻѾʧأϿҪһ佫ǰոʧء
˴ն˶٣ʵ֪пѡ
Ųƹ鱨һ²óʱ˵ͷϣοȷһ书ǿ٣ܹס顣
֪ڰǰüûټ˵
û˵ڳĸתѾ뵽ڵ
ʥճоҲڷǬ̨Ľʱ䣬һȶϿõ佫Ҳָ
Ͷ飬ҲǻԴ϶ĻϷΪ֮ȻԴ̨ʼԼھеʱչڶݣûԶһصıԪ˧
Ѿܣȷʵûܹġ
ƷǳϾ
ʹպͺŲ˼ʹ뿪󣬺һ˴θ£ʮ졣
աŲһ㶣ŷֽǰֳ衣
ֳڽԱ߲Զ˼ûйʣǶԷ֮һڻţŽϣһ£һơ
ոûټԽΪ֪Ѿеݡ
Ȼ
ʱãû̿ȡůʱźɫ£ӡëԵ忡Ŀʶʲôܿ˵ʲô
¸Դ񱻵ķ²ǰһ֮̽أսѾûпĿһ̣ȭҾĪ쿵ĻȻԳɹս
ǰĻ䴫ĶҲųֳ裬޵ǰȥʲô
Ӧֵ֪ϸ棬ɳδػģ³δػܹ򱱽һְһһ·ǳգҪһ»ǰĪ쿣Щʵѡȥܹȳսɽ߹ȼü֮
ûп飬ֱֻŵ档
Ųߺ͹ƲߵʱҲȻһ㶣ʵѡʱĿȻƵֳ´
ֳ贩ź£Ա߻йͳһ䷢ҶһӢ׿׿ģ
ʵŲߺ͹̲סͬʱһۡ
ɫȴųĻһһѿ⣬ǲҪţ书ǿʹһжʮг̣ȵٵֹһ¡ȷڴڼĶûжֻ֣ȷڵûй¶Ҿ鱨ûѱ䣿
ƽնֳ趼˷Ϭֱѳʵһ㶡Ҿ΢΢ӲһŰͷ͵øˣϣûšֻΪϷǡ϶ѡ
֮гд־ϣ޲һ֮ԡֳ裬ǰ߾Уһף
ǡü
˶Ի˵Ĺ죬˵ƽʱֳ̬ȴͬպͺŲҶ˵ʲô
ɫŻ˻йŲߣռ߹غͻ鱨ֽйĸǰʿ;
һһʱ䡣ֻ˽ȴԼ޹ϵֻվڽߣǰ
ֱϾߵߡ
񣿡
΢΢һ㶣ϣ֪ʲô
Ĭߴ߰ɡ
Ĭ磬ǰ˿Զ޷Լ˵ʲô
һᣬ׻ʰҪϽĽŲ֪ûǰһǰ˺Ȼ̽ץסġ
ľٶͻȻóٶһ㶣Լյ֡
Լֱܵɪһ¡
ȴѾ߬סǰǰУֱбߵ⣬һҪ㿴
ߵò죬ֻѰ˵Ĳ٣һᣬǱԷǣǰ˼Ÿ϶ԷĲ
ڽ󷽣̧ۿµȴԷ΢΢ףղЦݵĻȡ
ʲô
һ뿪԰鷿һ·лʵƽʱ齵ĵطȴų룬һ޵ķ
̻Իͣʵ۾޵ķܴ󣬸磬齣Ҳůøʵ۵
ʱķһˡ
ų䣬ת޼䣬һ紦ƳѾһӵľС
ӵľո£ӡ
źӣۿţȻЦһ£Ŀѵٶ岨򿪺иǣһؾ֮ص˴׻ǰЩƺñ빬Сұٹ㣬ڿҲЩʱ򡣡
˵ŴӺȡһ⣬һЩƣȥȴʮֹصӡ
⿴ŻĹ⣬һ㶣Ǻ⣿
Ѿ֣װԭƤﻤȡ£ȡµĻϣЦ ְ㵱ҲһľС޵Ļ⻤ǱƣҼ̣Լסб͵Ϯ
͵һľƵ飬ʱиҪҳ
û뵽龹ȻϣҪһף
ʲô书ԷסеĹǶһ١
ŤԼ󣬹Ȼһ׷ǳᱡĸоϲСǳʡ
ƿȥվͷǳӣСָպʺԼѵǽвػ㿪ʼģ
⿴Ž飬ȴԷѾһֵֻ£µ׻
ϻǰĿﴦһۣȴû˵ʲôĿ
ϣϲŴʱĳ⡣


110 ͬۡ10
ʱֳ豾װɫֻ, ԵøӢˡ
ͷɫ, ǲ֪⻤󵽵󣬵ľ·ĥʸ, Ҳõⶫ֮
ǽһ͸Ķ
㶵ؿһᣬַ£ЦȻǻ͸ģȻϲ
飺
鿴ųϤĿЦ, ԭϷЦݽ, üִܿסҪü䣬˵͵͵Ц, ϲͺá
ԼΪһ, ڻѾԸϣվĬȻԣֻǡšһʾӦ
յ޵ָֻһڵʱƽ
չӦûʲôҪ¡һ鿴ͳȥɫ, ¶Ц, ޿Ҳ, ְȻؼʣµĹаš
黹Ǿڲ£˼ֳ׽Լ¸
վԭذ, òǺɫӦͽ, ת뿪
޵˹뿪ʱֻʣºµӰе⣬´ǽ
ů䣬վڹҲĽĿͳ뿪ֱԷ뿪ԼҰŻԱߵĿպС
ĬãźȻһЦЦ˵Գպϡ
*
뿪ʹȥլӡ
լھԺᣬƼľ˼ҵĹλֻƷŻ󣬵⻧Ǹ˼ңլСԺõĻľʮƷζԵмŵڵϢ
֮Լæլ˳ܳųúúһ⻹һǰٵװ磬ٽʱ
ͳͬĽʿԼһڵ״ԪһȥˣĹλƷٽǻֳ赱ǴİۣλȴƷƷִƷڵƷٵٶʮֺˣѾԶԶ
ƿѲЦ˵⡣֮ĿҪҳغ͵ĵͼֽҼҵղ汾ģºȵ裬Ҹ
˵ţתȡݽ⣬ⴹ۷ġ
⿴ֻͼֽϱ߹شɺӸһƽԭԽĴвٻɽƲƽȣڵͼҲһࡣ
ڲĵĿյ֮Ա̲סʵִˣ˵ߵʹǣѵ߹ĳˣ
һĿǰ֪˲࣬˽Ʊػᴫ·󳼶ɢնĬ£ǵͷǵûϰ䲼Ϊ׼
ϡ㵹ǻǰһһжԻΪ׼֮
ͳͬڹٳϺ޿ɽ֮ˣһǰ˶ڸԴ·ϣλѾȡĸֳ֣̲סѱ˼ҵĺӺԼҵĺһȽϣٲ䡣
ʱ֮ҲûоʲôܡǿֳֵˣԷһЧһϣڵĵλҲһ·ġƴ֣֮Ѿˣʲôʸȥʣ
֮ǳʶˡ΢΢һ㶣뵽һǰ£ŵͼĿŽǰĵ棬ȻЦҲǣڳЧʲô
ϣϵͳҲƹˤ̣Ѿе·ǰֲԽ鶯֣ô
͵ૣԱߵ֮һ㶣ųĿɢæɿһЦ˵ϴΰ⵹ǬʱҲǾһҲ̫ƴŻÿζôա˵Чһӱ֣ҵҲԼ㲻һֱִЧҰɣôǼ򵥵ĽɫԼܶԼֻǰ㵱Ӷѡ
⣺
񣬲ؿ״Ԫɡȴ֮Ȼǿһɤӵֹӣʵٸ±ҪɻˡЩٸӣٺٺ١
֮ȻҪˣ
þ㶣һ֮²ŷ֮ȢŮһŵԵŮӣƽʱҲᵯʫ֮ȤͶҼ״˳ˮ۶»£ӳɻ顣
Ǵ󲿷ֵʻѡĵ·
ֻΪ飬еĹ켣ıˡ
顣
һţһֺ֮˼䣬鼮Լլȥ
װһʮĿ׻֣ȥ˵ӢͿݣ·˲ͣĿһᣬ߶СϷһ·̤ܶ顣
Ṧã֮ʱûзʲôȿ쵽˺סլӣȴһӰ֪ʱſԼҵԺǽͷŬͷǰ
ýˣŷ˴һϣԱ߷һߣͷݲݵذԺ󣬿ȥʮ⣬Ҳʮ졣
ӣ𣿡ͣԺѲģʮ־衣
ʱԺɨӵ¶һ˿ϲæǽȥЦֺܿͷսɨڵɨ˼£ӣôˣ
еĺȻǽ¼ʮһĵǺ
żȻ·ǣܵ￴ŲŵĲϣŵô
Һܺáɨѣɵǡ
㣡Ѳ书ôߣ϶û⡣Ц
üֻо˵⣬ȴҲ˵ﲻԣֻԹСʵǡǺأ
ңһشоͦ˼ġһ˵Լ˾񣬳˳ǽ潲ˣ㣡
ж͸Լ̧ͷȥֻв֪ʱһĺɫĻɫޣţȥʮֺÿ
ӣ㡭϶ʱҲúҪ˵лл֮ĻȴһӰ£·ɣͺеĻһĿ
ʲô㲻ˡ书̫ǿû߶һˣŻžҡҡ粻ڣ⻨ߡ
æ庫ҡͷ
ȴûвԹԵˣ⻨㲻˵͸ģȻԸ񣬷ǵְһ׽ˡ
ƴҡͷ˵绵ɻУ
GҡʲôͷҵĻÿ𣿡ʵ
ҡͷĶһߣ
񿴾ʱı飬ԼԼԣƺоһӰԱѹ£æ̧ͷԱ߿ȥ
ͦÿġԱǺħһõ΢΢ӲҲͦ۹ġ
µһ۹ܲ
һ˲ϱִ֡ˣ˰۹Ҳ͡Ҳִ͡
˵ͬʱѾһץǵ졣ǶֳĶǰæһ£ǽԾ𣬱Ժȥ
һиպôȳǽϿ֮ʱȴﲻ֪ʱһ׻ֵıѾʧЦ̫ϸϸۿ߿ߵлִһ֣ĻǸö
֮뻯һԼ󣬹Ȼһֻ͵׻
ոԼһûº֣ú˿ɳ֮
û΢ѾŴǽ淭ԺڡȴѾھߵĻִⶨƵİɣⶫеĲʣѾǳƷǧһϡУҪڻϣִ˵ĹȿԷԽ˭ѽ
ǽģǺûҪߵǡ˼롣
ǲͣ·תֱתһ䣬͵Ŀ΢΢һ٣ͫʼһ£ܵʲôһ㣬ذ׻˳ȥ
Բۣ⡢⡢عӵĶӶһɽ󣬡ִˣô˵
عڷһϣعӵ£عӵĶҲʮּɵҲй䷴֪طÿҹڳⷿȺǵʵۣη壬ѾԶذѽԶܵˡ
ֳΪȻԼ׼򣬵ôȹҲЦǵʵۣˡ
ΨԱн߼ӡȴһѽӻ׻󣬽¿ۻУĿԼͣȻʵô֪Ķ
񿴳Ķɾ䣬ԷȻֽôһʻʱһ㶣˺һ¶ɫ
ǺԵǵ͵ֹһ
ոڴ׻ʱ򣬷ֻпһС֣СȴʮҲǡ
Ҳֻǽ飬ſܻԳ˵Ļ
ʱ˭ΪйԺûΨнִҪвأȻ⡣֪Գⲻ򵥣ȴû뵽Էڳϻôִ
ֻ
ֿǰĳ⣬ɫʼ
֣Ⲣûпַ֣ϸϸ۲ܿ⾹Ȼһֱţһ㶼ûв


111 ʬͬۡ11
𣿡ո£Īǽʲôӡǣ
Ļ, üͷ, ̧ܿ鿴
û뵽⾹ȻĲֵ֪飬뵽عƽʱǸģ, Ҳ֪ǲǹⲻó֪Դת˺ü£æǵȻ⻤ȥǼƷִ㲻, ϶ǲŪĶ, Աعеѽ˭뵽Ķ͸㡣

⣺
˵컨׹, Աߵľ̲סһۡعҲԼµǵʥϵġֻ֮˭ҷŵ, Ψߣ˵ɷ¡
æһѵǵֱۣȴǡϡһȻίίؿԼ
ҲɫӲ, 뵽ԼͽڵĹϵ, ȫûٿͷ, üô
Ǳ뷽ǬһеĹϵ, ҲƽоǷⱾйƵڵϦһʱûй˼, вػҲΪԼ˽µ˺ܶٳϵ˼㺫żܵլ棬Ҳûİǰץ
Դ˸ŽԼ߹ʹ˵
ԭյڹٵɢ²֪һվĿģ·һԳƴӱǰŵʹԷԼһʱ˳ְ˻׷
ǽ¼ĵʮһˣֻҪ¼ǰʮĸӳͽ飬ԭûе֣׷֮׾٣ʹ׷ĵڶ죬ЩľȻٶȾ
Щ׷뵽ճȻұ뵽ִǻʵߵˣҪЩץ񣬰͸㡣
ǳ⣿⵹û뵽Ȼ͵ĵ鳶ߣ̲סǰӡ
ҲĵƳվԱߵˡ
ǳ⡣ԱûаˣɫɢԵϢʱֳʻҲųץסĲ£ҽѺ;УȫҶ˫ֶǰ֢Ŀ
˵ţȻ֪ĸȡһȣˢһ´򿪣ԼͷȵǷǬǰģ
ʲôǬʵΣ
ȷ˲üĿơ
ȻǬʱ棬һҲӦÿñЩ֮һޡҡȵ
üɫʱϾ
Ǭʵ̫ϤΣĹƶҲ׷Ҳ׵סһΡ
ϵĹƶӦԽģ
ýͷǬһ̨жӦʷ̨ϼáϼһǰɱڸУһѳĻһʬǺͬʿĽ̽ѾҲƲˡɱǬȴһֱûͷ
ڵ˵׷֮ٶȸˮ棬ֶι죬ݱй֮޲ʱȻΪ£
Ҿص㣬߹صʮΣաǱߵ˺ܿڽ¼еڶ֪ܡɱΣ˶Ҫɵ֣عҪСġǵ
ĪͬĻ֮󣬾Ȼֳһ¼п˼֪Էǹܵģ
Ŷһ㶣ݱ˵ġ
⣺
ݱ͹ͬвأʶҲ֡ݱ¼Ѿһֲòٿ仯꣬˳Ϊ临𹤾ߡܱݱϸһΪЧֶο»ݱӺٱ
˵Ľ˵ġбΪԼǰӪս֣»̫ˡ
ĵսһܹԼ֪ܵǰأִ֡
ǹѾǽ¼ĵڶô͢У˭ܵΣ
ԣԽԽԸԽԽȥӪ񶼲׼
뵽˴սеıͼᡣ
*
ؽȻڵڶͳ״糯ϣĻ㱨Ŀʮϴó³սƣӦԱ߹ظ漱Σ
߹ظ漱սܣʧأȻ֧Ԯ߹һڱУԾϷȶڱسǵ֮⣬⣬µľǰߣ޾ϸһһڳһһ飬ȵʱԮһ»ڼ֣̽ӱʵϿʼתԮϡ
͹յһʼĵһԮöڳʼ˷硣ԴɵĽѾϴƣ¼Ľлǳ㣬Աڳһһ޳۵һ佫ϵϾȻʣ²˼֣ΨһֵĻǼѾʮԪϣѣ⼸Ͻ¸չȥҪһ롣
˭û뵽Ͻĳʧֱ佫ѡ˾Ȼôѡ
ڳһʱĬһûô˵ĺԺѧʿУϣԮؽ죬һѡ˻ھӪУԣԵ˴Ρ
ԺѧʿپӶƷλߣһ˵ڳ׷λϳ˵ʲôˡ
̷ѧʿټ˭ʵմۣʮ켴£ȥӺ¡
Ժѧʿ̧ۿ۵ĵĿһתȻƫ˽ߴĿվĺϣǰһֵټǻߵƷǰֳ衣
ʵǰʮȻζ
Ժѧʿ˻һԱߵĳҲһƬȣ׷վŵĺϿȥĿоȣҲдҲлȻġ
ϳ֮ʱֻڽԱ߲ӦԱʵ۰ȫۣҲ֮ǰ˵Ĺܵ飬˼ô³ͽ𣬴ʱԼȻ˵¶һ˿ȻԺѧʿȥ
ȴ̷ѧʿҪټֳ裿ɲڽУҲδξ
ϣȻûвξĸǰϷؾй֮ΧһȣʵӢ¡ҵĿãټ书ǿУдʣڶཫʿͿĿãʵڲǲ
˻һԱߵĳɫ׷ױ仺еʼͷ顣
һй󱻽ⷽǬ³ӣ󲿷˶μӹɽ档ǬʱְĶڷ͵ű֮ʱܶ˶ֳһǹѾĳ
Ϸؾ˴·һ·ɱйƽѷġ
ְڹҲֳһ˵ǹƥƺͼƶΣͷͨܳųġ
йܷϷؾѦڴֳϷὫ컹Ҫֲ
̷ѧʿ˵ûܿ˴ΡԱе
̨˿̨˵ɫΰ֣Ȼ̷䣬ģߵȲҲ֪
Ժѧʿֻоϱ˸æϢŭֻ벻֮⻹иõѡ֪Ƿб̣֪˫൨ġ
ĿָǶ
ɫٶȲأȴһֱվû˵ĳȻУ̨£Ȼ˫ǰҾɫڽ⡣׵ϣ̷ǷǼ٣ȥΣأһ书ǿǰӧսԸΪʬ


112 
վ, ͦ, ڳǰҲڽǰ, , 
վ̬ԸǰǰߣԺѧʿ˰˿, ¶һ˿οϲɫ
˶ͬˣھͿϵ̬ˡ
˷׷׿ϣȴĻӦڵ¶ȴٶ轵, ̿ӦĴ, ֪Ϊþͺһ䡣
ڳλڳ£Ŀδܼ֮, ƬƬ˪, һ̨ɢӡ
ϵû˵, ϢС
Ҳ֪Σأһ, һһгݶͬ
⻰ȻǶԳ˵ġ
ڳһ, ̧׿̨ʮµĽ飬Ҳü, ֵͷٶȵϣΣغɽ𢣬һʱ, ҲϣΪϾ
ֳ裬ˡ⻹̨¼˵ЩĻȻֹؽǶϷ˵ȥȥ

⻰˵һ뱻ϣάԭƣȴסţû˵
ԺѧʿɫҲһ䣬ֳıӰֿ̨ŭӡ
糯͵ΪֹȥذźøոȷϵĻٶͷ𣬡Ԯؽ˭пǡܹܣ³
Ժѧʿࣺ
нԱµ̴ּ˳ڳǾ֮ˣ֮ǰйʱͼֳ̬ȣʱڳϽ;ͻȻת䣬æһĬĬȥ
ǺԺѧʿ˳ʱ򰵰ͷһۣȴֳ軹վԭأʵ۾ȻλߵֳǰȻԷȥ
ûӦ˵ײײظڽ

Ժѧʿ౾лҪ˵ⷬ󣬸Ȱ˲̻˶ֻͷе⡣
Ϻֳ֮Ĺϵ˵ǻٲΪ
ȴһ·קţͥԺǰߵÿ죬ϽĽŲæһ£ȴԼֱԷġ
ȻǳЧ
ϡϣ֡һ·߹һţһ߰һߵ߹һ±ΣºܿܺɱǬĹйϵǽ¼ڶ˹ȥԶԸ
ûͣ½ŲֻǼųǰߡ
ûԼĻɫ΢΢һ䣬Ųʼͣٶȵϣ֡
Ųһͣлгĳ˺ơһקųֱһ߽У䴫⣬ʲôǰ˵Ը޵ɽԸȥôôҪȥ߹أɽ뾩·̣㵽ʲô
˵죬һʱ侪㶣ȻֱԷйһš
ǰŲͣȴȻЦ⣬ȥ߹ִʲộֵôģǼٵİɣ
˵ʲô͵̧ͷŽ顣
㲻һֱ뿪𣿡ٶȴѾǰǸҹ¾ˣͷʮµ۾¶һ˿ִﶼ߲ˡ
˵ţǰѾһȥʮţԺòΪ죬ǳһΪ鵲ʱ˵ӡ
ⷿӵʱΪصڳģʱڿһˣ˳
飬ҪʲôڱˣŽ顣
ӽտʼڹоӣ޾Բһȥءקų򷿼ȥ
ÿǰһøҪ֣ȴֶԷȻͬһǯԼֱۣΣڱڡ
ǰ·ڰѹôҲ޴ӿǰϣ۾죬ڵͺ飬ҲҪô𣿡
ĽŲ΢΢һ٣ת⡣
ǰĺѾҧĿ⣺ȻҾͲӦö㱧κλ룬Ǽٵģһʲôأ˵һ룬ȻЦҡҡΪʲô㡭᲻һͷʵǶһ֮Ѱɣ
˫ͨ죬ˮ⣬鿴ûһʹպȻһ˿ѷ죺ǵġ
֣ſҡ⿴
ֻҪһſٶ뿪ԼüֻԽ߬Խ
¶һ˿ٿɫתҪȥһ룬ϵȻأ˳ġ
㡭Ŀ¶ɫҪǳ⣬ȴؿǰĹ߱˸ס龹ֱվǰɫͫӽߡ
Ա˰ѹ̧ͬʱ촽ϺȻһĴ
һ㶣۾Ȼֻ֮ʮҴܵͽüۡ
Ҳ˼һ·Ҳ֪ײʲô裬ֻصڡ顱һײǽ档
·ˣҲʼ˿ݣһһɨԷĿǻ
ƿ飬ֺܿ챻ٶץסڼղǽϡ
ֻ֮ʣ±˴˵ĺ
һĵĴƬһһӰ໥ĥĺҲڱڡ
ü𣬱΢ȻָһԭĿһ飬
Ҳͣ˶
ⱳǽڣŽãڵЦϣڿԷſ˰ɣ
üȻɿ
ЦԼνѵ֣ϣִôңزȥ㻹Ҫȥӣܿ𣿡
ǵġ
ץųֻ뿪ڷϣһ仰Ѿ𣺡ϣ߹ҲȥˣҲˣжҵǰɣҵƭ֣ҲʧܣѾٴˡ
Ҫȥģʵ
ֻЦ
æɿֻ֣ڰգһץסֵ⣬ֻǲٳ¡
ֲ촽ЦһסԼ֣ϵ׻һžһ⿪ӣ׻׵ǰ
ʹҲһ
׻ӵ½ǰ鿴ţȴûȥӣֻǿŻϵ䣬׹Ьߣ졣üʵô𣿡
شһֻ׻׹ص
彩Ӳ죬ûʡ
ϵĴ֪࣬ʲô֣ԺҲٴˡ
̧סԼ
ȻֳǶ䣬ҳⲻǣ֪
鴹ۡ
⿴ųĬûĽ飬뿪ȥ
ıӰܿʧſڡͷٶȳ䣬ʣµֻг׵ĺ䡣
ƬĴƬڵϱ紵ûζڵϵҲƮ
ȴһվţŵ׻
һڻض߬
лҪ˵⣺ҽûˣ
飺


113 
һ·гʹ, ·Ҳ֪Ŀĵ˶, ԱӰͻȻ, ײ˺󼸲, ؿܡ
Ա߲Զһ¥ߵ¥вʴ, Ǿ¥¥вƵӺͬ໥
ֳĵطһе㣬Ҳһϵյ㡣
һжһˡʱߵ뷨Ϊʲôͽ⸱ģ
վӿڷ㶡
ײԭ, ϴź¹ٷ, ɫ΢΢һ䣬æֻɫ, æصǸ, ΨֶԷԼ鷳
˺һŷӦ˵û¡
ײ˵ظ, æͷ뿪Ա߻в·, һһͷķеָָ, еЦЦе˽
⿴ԼϷĹٷ·, ڲͣתϳǵķȥ
ϳǵլڼźͥԺ֡ٽ, ų͢⣬ʱ񣬱⽭¼д̵ֽ˼񱾲ͳ͢һʶ뵽ԱߣΪѵشӦھǰ¶־һ
ѧȻȺԼߣ˺·ڶԷߵüʮУǰѺ񼱵ţֻøӦ
˴լſͻȻ˴򿪣Ժ졢 񡢾ͬʱһ㶣ֻƽҪڹеֵĳʱȻڴۻؼУһ˴ţְؿſתţٶһԲԼķȥ
ִôˣԺ߹ɿź֣򾣳ʵ
Ҫ·Ҳ¶һ˿⣺Ҳ֪ȥʱ򻹺úõġ
ոճĻģįȥǰͬһ㶼ƽʱʶִˡ
˶һۣжһ˿ǡǺ״Ȼģرطִ˲Ǻͻϳ˰ɣ
;ͬʱ
񣺡Ϊʲôң
СӣϵĻ˵
ŶӽǲӦ˵ʵ۵Ĳã˵ͷ̲ס㿴ִ۾ģֻںعһʱŻ⸱ӣǿ϶ìˡ
عӣҲǻ
ȽϿ̰壺ӣִ˵ĻҲ˵ο鲻һ
ǻ̾㿴ϵ׻ûˡȻʳ£ôֳסһʮ죬ִʲôϰߣһ˽ţ
һһֻЧһʵۣĿԼǿͲᶯ֣ϿȥǸʵƽʱϲͨ࣬ᵽ˽Ϳʼرܡֳصһ飬ӿ϶Լ뷨һûִ˭ԹڰŪӵģӦҲֻΨһᶯعˡ
عӺҲֳô
عǻϡ
ǺȻһ˾ᡣ
ԱߵľҲˣһȥɡ
ǳϵãʱȷʵȥʣͺ˵ͷûзԡ
ͷϵĻǰķ䣬΢վڷУͷ̯ŵһĺڲ㶳
ڲϵһǾƽʱġµԱָһɫŵĳߣþٶ㶡
ⳤ߾˵ǳıƽʱʱóһ㶣ʶʵ磬ǡ
ſڵ˵ⱳ΢΢һֽܿڲش᣺ãҲлҪ˵
ӦһвõԤС
ȻĻ𣺡׼뿪ˣլұҲʱססҵǷݵд֣Ժͽˡ
һæǰס⻹ʰİ磬˵ʲô뿪׼Ҫȥ
һ˿ãܻܿȥطߵģʵٶӰɡ
ûҪȥġ
üų磬ǲʲôĵ飿ҪȥɢģҪиϣãҲһȥɡ
ԴӰָȷʵǾڰæ㡣΢΢㵣ǻؾ㲻һֱؾǣһȥܾҲˡ
ؾҸ籨Ϊڳ¼Ҵ并磬ҰԼ֣ҵĸ磬ҲҵĶˡˣȥȥӻ
΢磺һδػоǴ޵ͣʼǷ׵
Ҳ⡣

ͣȰȴִ
ִ뿪ǣãĳҲִȥ۽磬ִҲҰɡԭԺڵѾվھߡ
һӣǵǺ۷ľüһ䣬֪δˢĵȡҡִǴȥķˣ²ţٿأԸ򵼡
⣺
ǱͺҿԲܣ첻ͬüԷ죬٣׵ǰ;һƬãѾ٣ֵٸˡ
˵١֣һ㶡
ǵûĻִƷǰǰһǻƿصطᶽһ飬ȨͬնִڣȻǹˣ
죬ԱߵĵҲ΢΢죬飬̾˿Щû˵ڡ
ѾųⱧȭִˣ뾩׷ѰȻѾǹ٣Ҳˣ˲Ҫһɢˡ
ٰʼҲǸƷĹְ󲿷ֽʿã쾹Ȼ˵Ͳü֣½۵λǻϲ⣬㲻ΣΥּ⡣㲻Ҫǰ;Ц
ûЦɽǹͶ㣬ұôġȻұȥ˵ҪϷˡִ˵Ʒ˵ǾʹǣλûӰء
Ǹã㲻Ҳһ콭ǲ˵㣬ҲɡЦִҲˣԺҵǿԽһ磬书ôߣˣ
˵ҲȻһ¡
һʱԣǰˡ
ֻһ뿪ġ
ݵĳĬ
ʱϲķϣһһӰӻʹӶӰٶȼ죬İӰȳ嵽ϳǡ
عӣǰֹӵĹͻᷢˡٶʵ̫죬ĺŲ߷Լ׷ϲϣֻú
µӰ͵ͣסŲ¶ǰɢҵķ˿΢۾ԶԶվţԶͥԺӰĿȴżزͣڽѲ
ڣҰһƥɫٴ·ֳͥԺǰ
⡢졢˻ڷڣԺ洫һ󼱴ٵ㣬Ժߺһ֡
΢΢һ㶣ĺЩʥּ½ٰǰּ
ʥּȻʱˣ
ڳһֻг΢΢üͬʱǰԺ
Ժǰſڴּ˾ǽߵܹܡ
һٰ۵ּȻ˹ͷ̣վԭأȻؿǰˡ
ܹԺ֮˿ϼŵĵһʥּ
ʿ죬ѧϳˣ²ż汸ڿƾӱð֮λطΪУξְƷУξģĸ󽫾ܿʥּ
쾹ȻҪȥ߹ְ
ʥּһһش˵ĶȵؿŽּ죬ؿų⡣
Ҳڵŷ㶵졣
Уξּɡܹܵ
Լ֮ǰͳĶԻûּȻ̧ͷʵˣ۷ٶƷƷλǶУξǶ󽫾˭


114 
򱱽, ʹ²Ϣûй, ʹԡѪǣҶѾⱱб, ս³顣
󽫾϶ǻʵ֧Ԯص, ڵ˭ȥر˵ľ棿
оɲ͵Ҳʥּʵ̫, ˲ԼͬٶȿվڲԶֳ衣
⻹վԭأ΢΢۾Ŷּеһʥּ
ܹܼ״̾˿ڽһʥּȡȻִҲ, ¹ٱҲѻһʥּһ˰ɡ
˵, ֳ軹վԭأĬһ, Ǽִ, ˵˽ּԲ񡣡
⣺
ܹߵֳǰʥּȡ, ֣صֳ, ְǰְƷ, ְֳĽظ漱, طֳΪ󽫾򱱽һְͳ, ƽմˡ
Ļһһڳ˵Ķ졢һһֳȣְʱһ㶣ⱻط⡱ʱһ㶣֮ǰؼҵʱ飬̲ס¿⡣
ԶӹиһһӰ࿴ԶĺӰ
󣬴°ڷɡŲ߿ųӰãֿվԼǰ෽Ľ顣
ҲûжǷ紵ͷ·һʱƺϾֹһ
ıӰʮϤúŲ뵽ǰشС㻹ʱС
ʱСʶͨСҩȵ˼飬ؼλСӼ۾ţҲǿġ
ֵ⺢ʲôǹִۿţһ쿴ĳط
Ų߿ų񣬸һǰĽ૵϶ˡ
Ų߻񣬴㵵ؿŽ飬֪ôڣֻõҿֹҲǲ֮ͨˣʲôԣԺֹӵ潲
ûпԣֻߡЦЦһ˿Գ뿪ǣҿҲҲˡ
Ųߣ
վţ̵ĴƽȥׯγǶձ㽫ǰء߹زû˧϶װǰ·ϵ黹ׯչһ
ϷģȻǹӵ˼ؼҵ˿϶ᰵбֹӡŲߵ
һ
Ų߿Ž飬Щĵֻˣǡ
ǰԭһ¼·ͨԱӦвػ·ͻȻǱ飬Ҳû˵ʲôԭ򡣺Ų߰ڽ·ͨ䣬׷һŮӣƺ׷вص顣
вرǽĵط˪в䣬вػҲǰҲ˸Ƶģֳ˸Ƕ˻ƵģһжȻı䣬Ųеǽ飬Ҳϣ·ܹͨвصࡣ
вص߸һؼҵı粻ȥˡŲ룬ȴ鸺ֶһºܿǹںݣѾҲһʾϣǻϡ
ʵʾ
ŲһݣϣҪ
ô
ûлشվڷĬȻһĿ⻹ڿų⣬һս֣һΣҾ¡
*
ʮպǡ
ͨعŵĵǳأʮǰפűعؿڵĻĽ񱻵ķʣµڽڰˣűǣǱĹռֲòһ·ͨïǡǡ
ڵȫǽϣǽĴڲѲǳǱ￪ĵطдƬľӪפӪ裬дŵĲţǵͼڡһǵפӪأʮǰ﹥ռͨïǺ£±һǳءؽֻ÷ǲı㿪ʼǶľΧǵļƻ
ǰպʿΣʱϲɽ·ϣһվ·Զһ࣬Ǳװ磬Ϊһ£ͷһɫԺһͼֽʱУʱǶ࣬˼
òᣬʱüɫϾһֳȺصĸоǴʱھǣһЩ˿ϳ˱ǱطΪ󽫾ֳ衣
ʮǰԮؽֳּϡֳ˧ʮ벹Ҳһڳ֧Ԯ
Աʱشǡ⿴һںͼֽ
ִˣΣԱߣʵ
һܷͬ⡣ʱ״̬쵱ʱվԭغܾãΪҪܽʥּȴû뵽ִȻ̧ۿһۣܹܵӹ˶󽫾ʥּ
˶ʮ־ȣֵĳ񻯣ⶣչִˡȻͷӦ£һ·ȴִ˾ȻҲûгֹʧ״·ͨ۾ӹĲһ
˿ǳҹ·ֻڻʱйϢϰ֮˶ʮƣûٶ롣
ڣһڴԼ˵ɽ·ԾϢòˣѯʡ
Գһᣬǵǵǰļ֣жѾķоΧ¾֮ڡ
һҪôţҪѯʣȴԱһ߱ߵǸãһ·ƴ·Ҳʱ򣬵ȻǱԺһɱС
˵Ϥתͷȥ˴źɫ֮ǰ֮ǰһμٵ״Ԫʱ֡
ٽ߹ر漱һٽʿֱӱ䵽ӪڲξʱΪ״ԪҲûܱ⡣αƷıְ컹ҪСһƷ
ʱֿ쿴ɫЩѿǰ棬۾΢΢һУȴǰһֵֽ¹ѧȻֽҲϳˡǣ¹ٿΪɱһѪ·
ԳĬһ£ֻܿǽƥϹŵˮңû޳ɿʱֵ˵ܸ٣ΣóȻǣ򱻵һ򾡡
ʱֳּԼһֽԼ١ɫ΢΢һ䡣ֳͷˮüѵΣͲ𣿽书ǿѾôǰչʾѧȻЩС
˵˵ôԱЪϢʿ׷Գ˷򿴹
һӾгǰʿǾӪľ񡣲˶˵ֳ¼Լֳ֪书ǿֳ豾ˣȴֺѽ˺书ϵ
ʱôһ˵˲˵ĺģ뿴Լ˧ʲôˡ
ˮĶ΢΢һ٣ʶһ£һˮˮӲˮգЦ״ԪϴսлߣûҲͰ½ҹˡô󽫾㻹ң
лҪ˵Ƣ
ϲ
϶顰ꡱ
˵ʲô


115 һս
ʱһ㶡ϴֳս, Ǵ˴ܶԷԼĻ, ֳ书֮ʵڳϣ˼ȫ, ǵûھ, ɵ߹յĵط
ƷĸҲˣƫƫٱһ쾹ȻֱεƷ, ζĽֳ裬ӵ˶޲õǰ, ûķ
һ·, ŷֳţĹְ϶Ǻֳľټйϵ
ֳķ糰, ʱɫһ, Աߵ˶ڿԼصǻԲ, ¹ôɡֻǿ常Χ, ӵｹ޲Ͼ͵, ս
ʱᵽǿԼ, ȴЦܸ٣֪书һа٣ıǿ, ҵҲÿһ˶һ˧ģҲҪǵԼʿȫ
ᵽʿİȫòٹۿʿ΢΢һ㶣Ǳֻ뿴ǺηʱԲɵٶλµĶ
һ˵ĺһȷ沿ӣʵսƣս飬һս˭ȥ˭ܻȫԵıºʱٽǵ״лҪءսһ˧ָʧ˶սд⡣
ֳ衰ȫȻֻһ仰ȴû̵̻̤ʵһЩʿ׷׶ֳĻһ˿̽
ʱȴûвѵҪؿǱݣʵ
ܸ٣սҲ˵ڡŻ˵쳣˧Ҫһҵ£ǵķĻ뿪
ҿͲȡʱֻ˵ԱѾʿæסȰֹ
ؿڼ˼£Աߵɫ޺޵û˵
ھǵٵ·ѾûˣǴʱ뿪ӣεĸҲᱻֳ⣬׿١
ֳǽߵˣٺͽ˵ļ仵Ⱳӵ;Ҫˡ
СҴıʱ룬ںһתǣԼƥƵ󷽡
俴û˵
ɽָֻƽ쿴ԶĿʱ֣ʵִˣǽȥҪô죿
ǣս¶ĵһǱ·ڽ֮ǰǱ档
棬⽫Ǻ͵Ľսǰ
ǣ̹ص
*
ıƳǣǵѿűŦһǳءǻƽԭһǣɽƽԭֱ룬ѵֵǵ֡
һǸڣһʮӿųвͼֽԱߣվ׵ĽһµŮӡһѯʵʦսǿʤ㣿
һԱߵĽŮӶעӵĶȴֳĬãҡͷһۣ˽˳ɣؾҲֻʣһ⻹Ѿ˵ʿҪӮΧǵģʮѡ
ʦ֮Ǻʤ㡣
ٶ뾲Ĭ´ѾԤϣεĽֹ˶࣬ӵɱĻǱȣҲδܶסԷĺֻ⻰һа취ĸµ˵˸оϢܶѡ
ľʦոڣִʵĴӡ񱻷вأӲʣһĴĽͻʱǱ߹ĹؿڣѾݲټˡ
Ԯأһؾ̲סʵѾɳʹ򾩳ԮԮôû
ǺҪһµʱ䣬֧Ԯأټôо£Ҳʮִ֮ǡڵҲ϶ϵһ㣬⣬ͻᷢ
ؾһǻˣ֪Ӧץ֪ݿ
ڽڰˣ֪ݵ֪ϢżҾӣбֻʣһؾأĴҡʣǵĽʿѾرһߵȴź͵ľһս
֪Ǽǣ¶һ˿ʡ
߹زһ˧ҲܿɳԮؽСںȻֵˣг̵ĻԮص˧ҲӦǡ
ԳЦԮ˧յأض󣬿϶ʿ಻ǧˣսӭжұܱԮصĽôʲôã
˵ʵûٿڡ
һһֱվԱߵĲŮӿڵһսȫ飬֮֮Ҳ¡
Ůӳ㣬üȴһӢģÿһֽȴҲ
Ǹڵͬʦóһǰ֧Ԯһһֱڱȱ߹ش
ʹһֺӧǹ书ܱͨȣսΪռ鱨˴࣬ɱУڽ
̹ﶼ˵£кξ塣һ㶣漴Ц
˵ǣҶӣ˳̹ؾ
ڼǰ˺ɣľпɬһЦҲվսݺһҸĳҲ޺
һۣٿɫɺת¶һ˿׶ǣǡ
䡪䡪Ҳڴʱӷ⴫һ޴ĺ죬أƷҡΣлҳ䣬һҡ
Ŀʼˡڵ
ȥӭСһùԱߵĺӧǹȥ״ݣֱڸ
վڷһʰڵĳǽǰС
ڲ񷻮ϵغըڳǽͳǽϣһʱ䳾̹ǽѾʿˣڳǽ¶ڻ
ڳǽ⣬һƬѹѹȫǵľĶ顣
ĵĻʱǰźк𣬵ͳ˧ųڻòǰǡ
Ĵ糱ˮһϵزݣšڳǽϷһʿһ˼ʿֶ˼˿ڣýºȻһ죬źֱС
ǳڵĵĽиơ
ƿԭԶĵ죬һŽһųų
ֻҪǣ޷أɱһıһ
Ѿصʱ򣬸¶ɫԾ³ǽɱһȴȻһ
ʦ㿴ȻڳͷԶ
ʲôڴ˿ķȥ
ָĵطǵͳ˧ڵĵطڲȷ湥ǡӳǺͳ˧ڵĵطֻʣһźһŻڱ
ʱһڿٽӽǡһȥ࣬Լֻҡ
ʲôˣ
һ㶣ȴĵͳ˧ĶҲƥĳ֣лӵʿǰҪ֣ͻȻֵȴΪ׵˵Ծǰ棬ԳĵҲη壬һĵĻɨȥ
ȵʱշɣŵĻ˲һһƬ
ڡ
˭
ھ꣬Ҳδɨǧļƣʱ۾ȴǳǰ˳ɱһԺξȻٿһȻ˲ڱС
ڱٶһһ¡
⡢⵽ʲôˣǸھ㶣Ҳ𾪣ĵıУæڳǽһǷȥ
ʱıҲɱһ书ҲǰȻվڻ̨Ϸϣһӭ
ڸںͳǰȻ֡
Լˣ
Ԯ
ڡ֪ǸþǸϲȴֲ˲µĻ̨
䡪һը
һαըĵطǣȴڵĵĲ֮䣡
лҪ˵ʶĸ


116 ս
ڵбըһ˲, ɱǵĵʱըһȱ, ̵ϣ
ڡ, ټԶڻ, иλͻȻֵıռ죬ԭǵ̨ڿת, Ż뷢죬ĦХǰĵ
䡪䡪䡪
ĵĲ֮ٶȱѳʮȱ, ԭɱĶ鲻Ϸ˵Ĳҽ, ĵȺҲɻỤ̃һһĳ
ҽһһ, ԭڵĵʿ, ׷׻ͷгʱе˺Ϯ, Ĵ𡣷ǳؾ״, Զȥڵľз, ԮԭкȻһϣ, ٶȹʿٶȲ
¾ԮڻϣһɨԱߵ, ɱߵսӦϣǸᣡȥ֪ͨϳǱؾڴ˼һ̡
ãӦźӧǹɨһܣذ²ڳǽϵؾģ߾ֺڽʿĺԮ֧Ԯսĸһ
ע˲쳹ǽԭɱʿ߽ǰĵˣĵķ򿿽;ĵģ׷һϻΧɱһȻ۵ˡ
ھ书ǰУӸǹǰ̷о
ɱȥˣɱǽһѪ·
ǣǽϵؾһӦͣڻȻ
ڱǽԶĵľУ˧𾪵ؿųϷıʡ
һǰȫ󣬱󷽴ԼԼһװȻԱߵİ
˲࣬ֻĻ٣Ǻúȷʵױ˷֡
ɾôʲôã
˧ЦǰΧˣʿոսӣԷΪ׵һɱҲ֪˸ʲôŻɨȥ̼ǰĻ˵ӵɱһ·
ᣬδôһ˧𾪣ȴԷҲȻʹṦھмȴƽءṦҲʮֹ죬üץӰȵٲ׽ӰʱѾԾǴĻС
ãŵĵص㣬˧һСݶڴ˴Ŀģæһٶ˰Χ
ȻӦʱѾ̫ˣʿѾ˸һľ̨ϣڻ
ڿкһڼľը
˵һڵԽԽĻʿռϡ꾹Ȼһ˰ӪɹĻ书֮ǰδҲǰδţ
ϵ£ըҲ𣬳ȫʧء
˧з㤡֪ѾǵҲӵòˣսȡʤ·ôðôһ˺һ֧飬ɱУ
һס书ߵˡ
ĻϺըǰĵʿҲʼϵͳ˧뿴ĵ׷ʲô¡
ȻǿľǵйĲԼĻС
ǰľӻԮ˧ڵͺһձкԮ
·ͻȻΨǰԼЩˣ
˧룬ող۽ǺȴѾɱͳ˧Ӫ
̫ˡЦһһ
˧ǽֵеıʱӦϣ۾ҪܣӴѾһѵ
ʬ׹䡣
ֵǣɱڴͬʱڱһźһŮŰɫβ죬ӭֳֺӧǹȴӳŴɱԥسľСؾһһɱ֮С
̳죬ɱ졣
һսΧһս;кԮ͵Ϯʧء˧ڴһսܣԮסʧȥ˧Ļɢսۿۣⲻסֻߡ
һʱһʱյû˭û뵽ʱݣѹȴҲбѹŴһ졣
һ·ɱУıˣſǰɱĺ󷽵һֻһףһòİȷʵǱˣǴӾǵԮ
²⣬ԮصĽܻܿȷеִʱ뵽ľǿüǶԷҲ޼£˭Ҳû뵽һսȻʵٵжֱ࣬ӽ㹥ռǳصĵĸϳǡ
ԣԮؽ˭
ڡؾȺѲǿһŵϡ
ϵĵбʯǶһǼֵƣӦǸ״ǰһֵλǡ
˵еĲһҲӢˬǴӿųɫûһ죬طӦæֵˣǶУξ졣
ǽ죬ֻĴϲģӦ֮ǰһӲ̨ϵλ
ԭǶУξǸ۾ĿǶ󽫾¸ڣеľʦ֪󽫾λ
󽫾Ȼִˡ
ڵĻһԮصʿ໥һۣӲɵûһµϡ
ոһսûִ˶֣ԮԿˣִʵȺһ֮йڱĵģǰȫʹõоս֡
Ҳ˹ȥֻһԮ󲿷˶׻Ψϴһĺ£ͷݲݵţںɫĳ£ľߺϵƤʮֵð𪣬մȾѪɫ֪ĻΪļŮܴ˵طһƬѪȺŨ̵ս
Ȼʱȴڵ˧ϣƥϻʬףһѽ£ڳصľӡ
صľȿ״û뵽˵˴ʱȻǰԲɵһ㶣̶ʼꡣЦһ˵ֳ裬αԮĽ죬󽫾
òʵ̫ôҿʱΪԼ˴öԷһ㶡
Ƕ󽫾
ִˡǰΪǽѾǰظ֡
ⴹۿţսЩƣҲûн⣬ֱӴһ֣һԾ¡
ࡣ
͸뵽ڳǽϿǵӰ
ĪǵӰִˣ
˾㶣ҲϸԮص˧ԮصĽᣬСһȦͣòԣէһۿȥ벻սйϵ
ҲˣոŤתս֡
ֳ衢ֳ衭ĵʲôˣľкʱˣ
ȴҲʮֶ졣
֡衭ֳ裿ĬĬ˼飬ȻĿһȳѵǸϲԴһɽʷ
ˣľʣ
һѣĽʿ˲һǰĽϲľʧ˵ίһ½ľٹԱǰɽ飬پգ֧Ԯأʱʺܡ
ѵǵʱĹԱ
˾ȼ䣬ȴԳƱУξѾӻûִһǰǵιɽʷɽƻһ
ڱؽʿ
Ľ쾹Ȼǵʱλʱꣿ
ڽ׷𾪼־Щ֣Ҫ֪ʱɽʷǸĹ٣ôȻһԾΪ˴󽫾
ǳĿų⣬ڳŵմѪϡ
̹ּˡ֪ߵסųֵ
Ŀȴ¶һ˿ϲɽԭ㣬
ûзϣֻЦ
һǰǰ֧Ԯڣ;ǣɳæ䣬Ϊ˳ȣ㽫⡣ʱȥأδδкͳټһ죬˭֪˾Ȼһĳ¼档
ֻǵʱĳⳤòǰֳ裬ȻĶȴȻǵá
ǰֳЦݺ͵Ǹغϣϲ΢΢һ졣
ҽԭΪѳǣû뵽ִ˵Ұ˸֣á¶һ˿ʡ
еŮкܣΪ˱ӻҪˬڳʿĶͳʶٶ¶Ծɫ
ֳ裬Ǹʲô
һҲû뵽ջ뵽ɽ֮УȻصһЦս»η͸ʦָ㡣
ֽˡ͸һͬȭ
֮һԮؽʿ뱱һǣʱؿһԭɽ֣ڻǻعѯսơ
սһƬǽ壬ȳӰʧڳںɽаӰһŸϷȥ
*
ʱڵפﴦĵľӪоҽĴߣаԭ˧ڵӪУشףҴһ
֮ǰվһʿ
ʿȥʮµͣɽӣϴһʿۣϻƵȴͨ˫㣬һֵͼڣһֻ۾
˵սһ书Ϊˣһܹƥ˧ǧ˻һǵʿʵ
һ˶վعʦСȷˡ
ôܣǵʿȻ۾һǧĹҶδܹôܻ书
۾һֻŵǧ̾ͷƤ㤣Ͻ¿ŵ档
ҲųǺɽ졣ʿȻЦ
ɽǽ¼еĵһˣн֮ˣȷʵǸֵ
ʦһô죿ԱߣеľʦʵսУȥ±Ҫҵȡ
˭˵ҪˣʿԣȻŹֵͷ­ֵǺɽ죬֪شУһѩ
ǹʦ㡭ʦɵʵ
ҵ˵书ǿ꣬ʿǺЦ书ٸҲˣȻˣǾͿ϶㡣Ȼ㣬ϲŭǰ֣Ǳ𣬿ɾɲƿˡ
Цܣڳ˶оһĺ
лҪ˵⣺ϣ


117 ı
سǸ, еľӿʼս, ޸ǽ
ڵĹ֮ǰ, ؾѾ˴סڳǽİ, ʱڿȥȻǽ壬ҵǰյࡣǱǽϵĲǽĽʿڻǰ, ɵ
񽫾£ҲսƵģӽʮ𲻵һɣʿȻʮֵҡڳŵԮسһսгֵüʱ, űһҵ
෴, ԱųӾǳԮ󲿷ֵԱ档ǱΪ˴ս嵽оѾ׶༪, ȴû뵽ԭƷֳ边Ȼô, һսУִеԱ, ܵԭĽ뾴壡
Ԯڻ, Ǹֵ˵ĵ
ųԮܵǵĸмҲвԮʿһֵ󡪡ʿһ, յ˵ǰĳ˧ֳ⣬һֱֳߵıУξ, ս˶æµ֮ǰֳĿʱھнȵ
ʱӣǰ˧ǧ˿ƵĹϵ, Ȼܵעһ㡣ھԮ˵ȴˡǺͿʱָոһսϴսڼ䣬˷Ȼڶĺ棬ȵ˶λˣŵִλȵ˿ڣûжʼնȱһġ
һЩԱߵʿڵֶǶġ˻ǿƾٵ״Ԫ֮ǰ˧ǰԲѣû뵽˾Ȼ˰˸Ц
Ҳ˾Ҳ׷棬޳ܵؽܱ˵׷һЩԮߣ˼ɧ
ǾôȻҲ˵Ķľʦڴųһǽʱִĸڳǽ߹·ɵЦ벻սӾȻˡ
ҲʱֵıӰЦûз
⼸գڴų˳״Ѿǰ˧Ƣԡ˧Ȼᣬ¶ʮֳȣһ𽨳ǣҲǾܣǰ˧Ըͬ
̾һͣ½Ų⣬ид˧Һⱱˡ
΢΢һ㶣תؿʦǺ⣿
ڿֳ裬ĬȻһ˧֪֮䱾һϦ֮飬֮ǰеŴ͸ѹսҪСıб䣬ֻϧΪֻ֮еİսû⣬űĻֲ
񱻷ǿˣĽڽڰ˳ΪجΡڵս˧жΪҪҲʹ򾩳ԮĿ֮һĳҲɳĽ쵽˭Դˣҳ£ʱȷʵ벻˭ȡսʤսλá
Ϊ벻ʼǲŻ˾ѹ֡
ǽк紵ɢζȻŸںһŵ벻ʦϵ͢ҳоʦʿʵһ¡
̧̫ˡ佱΢΢һЦĳ֮ڱ߹أʵʧ֮ʱѡ˧ʵǰҲһμӹƾٲԡ
¼ڶʮĴͽܾȻҲμӹƾ٣ٶһ㶡
ѾյʱʿҲϡ
⣺ʦԣˣΪʦǽ¼˵ͽܣʶַǳ㲩ȻʿҲûпУ
⵹ǳϡ
ЦʱλȨգϲеĿߡƾ;Ѿڶٽͬ裬ͨѧſ
ˣ˵ǰûеʱ򡣳ʱԼֳ趼ͨĹٲԡǽֱӽ뿵λõôա
ڣһֶˡ
Ǹڲƭĳ⡣飬ҲԲüЧҵĶ
ѾʦдչĻᡣǿȽԺ޳
ȻѾ˾ʦٺ»ЩĹʲôѾˡҡͷҵڵСʵָۣ³
ɫһò״Ժеֱ˻
ǰ뾩ǣԶԶһʱԴеĿܣҿüǷдӱǳ֮СȴϲԤλ֣û뵽ĶѸ٣óҵϡ
ıŶݼףѿ˿ʮֵİաҲ㵽ٹͻῪʼְ⵹Դȴû㵽ĽٶȡڸʼԤ㣬λĵӦû᲼øְߣΰγǬϼõˣнʮĥһ
ΪȴϡԴʼ鳹׽µλʱ侹Ȼһڡ
̫ˡ
ϽԴƽͣķǬϼãٶȿþˡվڳǽϣĿɨǳǰӿݲƽڿӣЦҸоʲôһֱڰ顭ҲȫȻ
㵡⼸պ͸ദȷʵλʦѧʶԨʶĹ㡣ʶʵ
ʳ⻰ȻʶԼ֮ǰڹ﷢飬ʱֹס
һһָоϱӦóʲôˣͣرȥЩ顣ڵ
ʲôˣü
ڽ͵Ļ𣺡λҪڡûг͸ʡȳ˷Ǭں˲ŵĹܿءϼáʷ̨ǰµĹ𣬻ֱӷֹ͢ξȡ֮ʷһСưãҲڸЩ϶ӦõȥˣƵҸĳΪʲôڱƻ֡
ʵûˣӲ˵еĻǾֳֻˡ
ֽ书߾ǿ֪Ǹǲ㣿ںȻʵ
ֵվԭأüŻߵսһ㶡
֪ĵ̽Ϊȴġ
ѵڱƽߵһ
ϣһֱΪصԼĴߣߵҲǹˣҲ⣬ּҵֺҲӦ
һֱΪжֻ뵽ôȥ飬ȴû뷨֪һͷܹȴҲûҪȥ롣
Ϊ뷨ڻصԭô
ڣ
ֻҪڽߣֻѹԼȥ볤ԼôȥάıĹϵȴη˼ΪʲôĲǱˣ⡣
ͽ飬Ϊʲôӣ
ǰּ֮ʿɫӰ·зѩ뺮죬ʱ˵
һԶˡٶȴڵĻʤδҵȻ˼ͻ˽¡
ǰټսϵǽ徰󣬻Ȼ֪Լոڷ㶣ֻüװ飬ЦЦʵʦ˽ⱱսĻӪҪӦԣ
δˣ˵ڴ˾ٱͼһҲǵٶȽǱضԽ֮ǰռ֮ǵı»ʮֳ
лɱ˵ȷʵǸвȻʮ⣬˴Ԯ򱱹أ˲ǧˡʮ֧Ԯ·ϣгҲպִ
ļȻ֪ھɾԮǰǣôҲ϶ʮзϸҲȻ֮ٶǷ𹥻
һ㣬֪Ҳ˵
һĬųǽɪ硣ǳпڵʦһƲ֪ɲС
μƣڷ̧ͷʵ
ըӪĿ£˧ϳּᶨڵҴըǵĻ⡣
лҪ˵ڣ񣬾Ƕ


118 
˧ҪȥըĵĻ⣿һ
֮ǰУ, Ļȷʵɱǿ, Ҿв̫뵽Ҳֻд˷
ⷽ, Ҳȷĵһ˲ĳ˼
һǵսϽػĵ̨а, ΪսƷȻܹس, ʵϿװĴ󲿷ըҩѾսʱþ޷ʹáҲԼըҩ˼רоĳɷֵ֣ĵлһֺɫĩ, һʱ޷ȷϵʲôɷ֡
ֻһֳɷ, رټսʱ״̬Աȱ, Ҳݲٶķʱ䡣
֮ǰ͵Ķ֮ʱ, ҲǱӪݻǵĻڳƬ̣¶˼, ӪҲȻҾ͵ϮǱԷӪ, Ҫһ书ʮָǿ֮ˣһһը, ǱѰǽ¼ǰʮĸҲδȫˡ
˵, ؿ⡣
Լܹ⣬˵ǱѰܹ׻ܽ¼ʮһĵǺ񡣵ը, ھ书ٸߵҲѱȫԼ
ҲٳûһԭһûѡǼѡҲûĸԸȥȥ޻ص顣
ҵǾþʦصҵİΣ׸ڵĵǣЦĪ쿽֣Ļȷ֮ͬӦҡ
Ī쿣ѵǽ¼ϵλھʵ
ǣ˵𡣡
ڵһ
Ī쿣
˧ȻܴĹ¼ǰˣǽ뽭ǵڼλ
֮ǰԶԶعۿ͵ĽսѾиԵĶλ˵𣬲òٶȺǰˡ
ǲҲ˧ˣ
ȥըӪҲ϶ȫˡЦ
ûעЦԳڻھ޴С
ʦִʵ˵𽭺¼֮£ܽǰģܹǰѾ֮ܣѾ˵ķ롣
ܻĪ쿣Ѿʦ˵ĺ켯߾磬мܹˣ
ѹһ֮Ťתս֣
һ󼤶Ϊʦ˧ģΪһˣλ󾳽ĸָе
ʰģȰ˧ֺͳ⽻˼䣬˳ļƻ
ǣƵĵ̲ݻҹͼл书ĺֺͳ˽ӣɳڵ˸ӦʱӦ䣬ǱӪ˳ϡ
ڶҹʱըӪıؽʿǳһ·¹⣬ȻľӪɽϡΪжأһ˲࣬ӰȻҹɫǣ˿òС
ɽ£еľӪѰڰӪжֵص⣬ȺлӪطڣ߶صòϽ
ɱû˧Ӧ˱ǡҹ۵Ӫлв䲻ںܣҲȺ׵ӡںͳһԾһŸ鿴ӪӪӦûһݵȻûξӦڵ֮űסӪûлɢ
᲻ǺһľʦҲзӪʵ
ҲпܣʦӦøξͣһᣬĥ
׸ڵ˼ص˸ڶûмӦƽʱǳΡ
ô˵ڴ˰ضڱصáжӦˡںֵܿ
ڵı˫ʵвֳܹ࣬ݻٶԷĻǱؾ󣬵Ҳܴһоʿ
Ӧֺ;ʦһ۳ƻӪկ׼
͸ڶ˰ʱʱ䣬ʱڣܹӵӪǳ͸ڱ̽Ӧʱǳ˭棬ҲҪ̳ߡ
һ˼Ŀǰȫ
˶ʾס
ҹ轵¶ȵ͵öˣﴵϵķͬһҪ˵ƤúڲסԼĿڱǣһɫȥкǰС
״˸ϡ
ʮӰɽ±߻һϾӪդϢطŵĵʿ
Ѹ٣˸ʿôµġԱ߰ӰһĵһһһżһԾĵľӪС
ЩǧѡĻ书ʿҲкͳһͶȽʿȻȲ죬Ҳʮݡ
ʶԲ˵жڸ֪֮ڣһ·Ӫߣһһ߿ٽΧĵķʿһ˳Ӫеλá
ǵӪΣյλãҲǸƶ˵ԷŻĵط
ԶغΣһǱһһ鿴ӪʣȻأѾ˼ѪΡ
ǰ档
˵˸񣬽׼õͩȡͷڸӪϡ
Ѳ߾ѾʮӰɿضţܿ³ԭռƻóϵĹ
õģȻһ˻Ҳ۱ըĺ̶ȣһ·Ǳ˺ܾܿͳױ¶ڵĵС
죬һڻǳ롣֮ǰ
ִ㡭컹˵ʲôȻеĵ˷УڵӪ
֮ǰĵʬ屻˷ˡ
𣡡ⲻٳɣ
İӰһݣٲɣӻʮ̼طӪկȥͩ͵Ӫկʱγ棬˲ȼ
䡪䡪о޴ıըǰ𡣴źɫŨ̷ɴɫҹȻ
ԻӪɳʯú絯⼤䣬Ӫ౻ըನݿ
ʮӰ뱬ըˣֻ̼ǰ죬ϢӭǿʱȴʮӰڵķԲڣһٷһǽһεصסɺನĳ
ֳΪġ
ֽٶȱǡ
쳷Ѿг
ըѾ׾ľӪвٵʿӪʲ鿴ĽĻ𻨵ȼ˵ӪеĲٶۼ֮ˣǻ𡣰Ӱæǡһ·ء
չ˳⣬֪ԼܻܿǳˣҧҧǰӰ·
ǰӰˣҲڲΣȡߣɨҪΧĵĽʿҪӻг롣
ҲʱظоһĺԼдһ˿˸оʵϢæߣͷԴһӳ
ȴһϣײ޻ϣûзһ졣
ϾȻܽһ
۾˲΢У̧ۿȥȴһۣӵĵĻ¶Ӱִ˰ѷ˿ϡ
ҵ˭ôĵӸҴҵĵ̡ڿɱǸˣͬʱʿڳ𣬡ȻԼʡҲ


119 
ĵ̣⿴ŵʿ, ֮ǰڵĲ², ̷Ӧԭǵˡ
ʿһ˿Ц㻹һ
ʿܽסԼߣӦмʵü΢, ûӦ, ʶɿɨܡ
ľըʿ㳲, ѾͣĻըӪѾɿسӪߣԱ߲ӦӦûʲô⡣
Ѿȷǰȫ, ֮ľӪ
ͻȻֵĵʿ
ԱҴܵĻ治, ۾ӡջ⣬üĿһ, ߵھ, ͵̧뽫ջء
ߣûôסȥ, ʿЦһ, зϡ
ݵսǰȻ书ǿ, ߵ͸Ӳ·ӣ˸, ѹƶԷá
оһ赲ĶĿһʿϵЦ, ׶ԷԼɫ
ߣҲԡһ˲ӿ߲Ӳŷľʿؿһײȥ
˵ʹ򣬸ûֵ˼ʮ㣬ǧ֮顱һʹڶԷϡ
㣡ʿû뵽ֱӶ֣ʱţһҽУֶסؿԭЦ˲ףɫȱãڡۡ³һѪ
治ɫתһȦʱķ˦ɸɾ
ֻһֵĹʤ֡
ô᣿˭˾һʼʵʿ̧ۣǰ˳⽫Էյð͸¶ա
ԲǽѩѩʱѸߣõҲǽǰͺᣬòİûмˡ
ʿضų⣬Ŀ𾪡̽ͻɡ
Ψûп־塣
˭֮ǰӦԱһ𣿡ҲŵʿĿҲԽԽ䡣
ոմڵʿϵ߲ᣬȵץݱʱҪ㣬ʿ˼Ҫȴûе£Լݵؿػָ
˿²ͨˡ
ʿҲע⵽ɫ仯վԭش˼ڣƵЦԱΪʦΪϱ˭
˾ǵĵĹʦ
ʦġݱһ书͵ؿʿֻۣԷ·ӡһֻ۾ͼڣвĹͼͬ
ǹܣ⽫һפԭء
֪ңʿһ㶣ٶǰꡣ
᲻֪֣ܵɵǿе֪Ǭ֮Ǵ˴ݹ죬һ˴γڵӪУܾܿǴ˴ʼٸߡ˲Ҫߵͷǰĵʿ
ҲãԼ
ʲô⻰ܸո˵ʱԷȻҲ˵һĻʿЦһ
ûӦô£Է˷߾Ȼٶ˹
飡һ죬ֻüֵֵ̧죬ԭֵֹǡιǾȻһһѡ
˵ݱʱлҪ»ڵ˼ôԹܣû֡
㡢㡭û뵽ԷôݾܶʱһõίڵأһѪ³
û˵ѾһϣҪһ
׼ǹܵͷ­˵Ŧⲻһ׼ˣܻݱһ
Ϊܴң¶һ˿
ô֪Ӧ
ٶ£ɱܽȥݾţȴһȻһӿ
顪һڵɳʯ֮ϣ˵Ĳҽڳǰ룬ֱ֮ⷽУΡ
㵽ǺˣǱʵϲ˻ӵ֮ߵĹʲô
Цһӻٶϡ
еǻӡǰһС
ܲӦ⣬ֱӳ۾ǹһ㶣ȴԷɱͫʼͫиһͼڣ
ٱƽܣԷй⣬΢΢üлûüӦӪĻ𺣳ǰǵصϯ
һ㶣ٿܵķȴûпκӰ
˲佫û
Ѿײײشԭٳ룬ոն˻վԭĳ⣬书ǿô˸㣬ҹѵĴ书
͸ӾĻ𺣣ǰһƬ澰΢΢ͷԴһӳ
ҵĻжϲҵλõġܵһ仰ȴǶŵʿ˵ģˣ콫£
Ϊ˶Ϻ֮ܽʱ߸ʱܶûס׽Ļᡣ
۾ȴʵֻöжϡźų·ǧҪѹࡣ
죬Զ
ü޷жϾλãսߣѸٷʿϮȻźһƺû˿
бнӵ
㡢ǣйܵٶԵЩܻؼңȺ벻ϣ
ؼң
⿴Ż𺣷㶣ȴϤ𣺡챣ֹӣ뿪
ǳɽׯŲߵ
۾ȴκˡֻ֪ԾǳʼмӰڰ棬ǽԼģûᣬЩӰӾȻڴʱ֡
µԽԽǿң¡¡ζ
زߣ㲻˪ߵСӶңھƾҲƣйŭ
ׯѾ̧𣺡ؼҺ¹㣬ֹӰˣҿҪǵԼ
ǣϺԲѹŭɱɱȺؼҵ
ǣƹܣٴֹ뿪رİȫ Ųߵٶȴ
ǣԱ˵졣
̼䣬źĽһ𣬵ľӪ࣬ɱϣ໥֯һƬ
¹䣬ȷ𺣡
Զڡ콹ɽϵȴгϺѾǰȥըӪȫأʿڳбУ󲿷˶ֻЩˡ
ȻȴһֱûдӾӪ֣еʿѾصĵص㣬ھŻΧ
һʱˣֽôûʵ
ԶӪֻӪڻأɫ԰׵Ҳִ֪
ѾһʱˣѾ˷֣ٲ룬¾ҪоΧ
ȳٵǰȥӦִˡ
԰಻סᵶҪȥȴзľ˺Ȼʼ˼ꡣ
Сģæ˻
˲˲ص㸽ɢ䣬Ƶ˱ߺˡ
ǰеıɽ¡
쳷ڼ״ãæ
һǵľӢٲ뱻ΧסǾˡ
ǰĵıڶ࣬˲òˣҲǻ֮ʱز¡¡죬·ڲϵĲ
ôڶ
Զֻǵĸо˲һᣬøˣ涼𶯡
ĵıҲе𶯣׷Ĺ˻
ǾӡҲѭԴȥֻҹɫΪһĽߴһ߻
㣬еľﻹоӣ
һ㶣Զȥȴǵķӽȵۿɼʱ򣬱һһŵıŻľӪ֮Զ󣬾֮ơ
¡¡죬ػϡ
˱УһԿշ裬ڻӡ£ֳһ⡱֡
£һףһƥɫλڱ֮С±ֱͦӭĺһ̧ؿĵľӪ
лҪ˵


120 ξ
ϣ, ֮Ⱦ
ɽʱ, Ŀûʵ۵òʵִ˲վڹһϢ, ˹Ŀ, ʱڱ߹ظȫ𾪵
ϵ, Ҳһ㶣ӵˣɵϣ˵ʲôлϣ
ûмӣֻ֮ȷһ׿, ̧ͷ֮, ڻҫΪۣ˾, ȴԱߵĸҲ¶һ˿ȣǻϡˣ
ʲô
⻰ڳбˡҪ֪Ӿ֮, ٻƼݱ߹ս˴ԭԶھǵĽ龹Ȼ߹ضˣ
Զǧ˾㶼ת۱ٵľӪ, , дŻļʸشӿлһ⻡, ŵӪȥ
ɱѹȻ, ԭ¡¡ǧؼ׾תѾɱĵӪǰ
ıΪ˵ըӪҳһţʱͻȻ, Ѿ˷磬ؼ֮ݿֻ࣬һ˲㱻ײţֱ롣
ɽϵĵ׷౻ͻĴ壬ֻ߳һ㱻ɢݣһһ
ըӪתԭƾȻ˳֣֮ڡ𺳣ǾʦȷӦǰ
ȥ˧һгеˡ졢ףߺһǡǰᵶ߳ǹһӪлس塣
źͳصڵľӪзԭûϨĻԽ֮ƣȾҹ
ڵλ౻ɱԭΧɽׯֳĵʿʼɢһһ£ҽ˷
Ԯ˵ղܵǣҲȫû뵽ǰľ棬һǿѲĺŲߣŭĿ⵽ô£
Աû˻شеֻؼĴڣɱ
йٶȻΪһŹͷ­̼һ״Ѿײȥ
»Σȴ˿Ѫݺݵؿűؼػĳ⣬Ŀ͸¶һ˿񶾺ޡ
ʦѾֵסˣٲˡһĵľʦҵ˹ܣ
ͳ⽻ֺ󣬹Ѿɢ䣬沿ҳȥ
ҾʵѾУһⱻըҲʮءʦ˵ʲôȴһϡ
ʦ㡭ʦͷ϶ʱѪ٣۾ȥ
ܾȻɱĵˣɽׯĿ΢εضǰĵʿȴʿͷɨӹǰ˵ؼң㣬ҹܼסˡ֮裬ұػһһ
һһǰˣտűΧмĳ⣬¶һ˿Ц㣬´Ͳⷬˡ
𣿡۲һᣬĿһֶȴһܿȥ
㣡㣡ٶȱˣˣһΣ»һŹȥΪţҹܱȡͷ
һվԭһץӦٶȻصС
Ѿ뿪˵߷Χ
룬еĻڽʧۣ¿ߵľȴŲѪ˳ŵе䣬شӵվ
ߺŲߴϾѪھһսѾҡҡ׹Ҫ¡
Щ˶ǽɹġ
죬ȴ֪ô˵ľӪѹı־ԴԴϵ׷ɢĵʿ߿£
Щؼﰴг̱Ӧ֮󵽴ʱǰִ˴˴ĵפӪ
ⱳ΢תĿ⴦ܿ쿴һŰɫ͸
ǽ顣
ԶľӪУǻߵĵѾɾֻʣ±ӵƥԭزͣ㣬ĿҲյ죬ʱԼȥ۱ܿĿ⣬ڻתͷ뿪
վԭأܵ÷͡
*
֧ԮǰִǣҹϮĵľӪߵ࣬²ĽʿǧʣµľǱͨïǡ
սȫʤ˧ֳһ֮Ťתܾ֣лʵʿ־ǰǡ
µԮ󲿷ΪؼٹգĴҲʮǻʦ
ⰴոڸķĴձ࣬ձȴ俴һϤ֡΢΢һ㶣æǰӪ鿴
Ӫ˴󲿷Ѿϵλ˧׷׹񡣳һһӦߵӪڴһС
ǴҽΪʿõģʱвٽʿŶˣڶǰеȴһӣͨʿķװֱʱܵľ崲ϣﺬغߵҽʦҶĺۣܸ𣿡Ϥ
Ųһ٣һҲϤŮ𣺡ˣ书ôߣûˣ
ۡľϵ˺ߺ󣬡㲻֪սжΣգðմڿҲΪ˹ף㡢Ͳܰοһ𣿡
սǵ飬˵ҩǼ洫ҩԼӿ˿ϣŷŮӵ
ģľϵһͷ̧
̧ͷĿ⻹ûŮϣȴȻ˳һߵվڲ档۾һ㶣ԭľ崲ϵʱһͦѸٴӴ
ôˣŮӿӸոջһһϢģʱͻȻһ㶣Ҳͷӿķȥס
´ˡ
Ŀ⣬Ůæӵֱһε 磬ôˣ
ӺŮӲǱˣǳϵõĵǺþ
˧һ㶼Լרҽʦ;Ȼû뵽뵽֮ǰĶԻԲɵһ졣
ڿҽʱ򿴵֣ŹյͼôһĻɵߡ
߹ҲˣǲǽˣôҲŹˣ
ԴϴλؼҵʱżȻײǽ׻˲Ծʱټǿ϶뷨
Ա߻˿ţûԱ߶̫ãֻǸɿһתһյӪʡ
;Աߵͷ;һŽ롣
硣ִˡͬʱվá
⿴ˣȿ򾣳Сôܵˣ
һϣһԺסѧһҽ뵽ܻﵽ磬Źˡ
սһ򣬱ԴԴϵԱҽʦȱû뵽ԼþȻ֧Ԯս
ٿȴͷִˣ˵Ҫ㣬Ҳпգһ˾бнģģ
Ĭһ᣺ɧ𣿡
ɫ䣺ִԩôɧأҾͳӶѡ
˵ţæͱͱԱ߾ļ򣬾̷Ӧæ 磬˺ܺãûжô
ٶȿˡ
ϴʿ·ͨļģʱάЦݻ⿴æЦ⣬¶һģ
ϲҲö˵ʲôǵԳм˽⣬Ծ˵ֻֿ꣬ǾӪɽЩϰҪ
ǴӦ;һˣ
ִ˷ģھӪﱣ֤͵һһæص
ԺҲҪþ룬ֵ
⻹˵ģֻÿֳûô˳۹û뵽ִȻͨ飬ǻͦġ
˵ʲôⱳ΢΢һĿ
æ졣ͷƤ飬״æתƻ⣬ȡһҩ磬صصƵ˵ҩ࣬Żá
ҩ౻ŽһСƿӣģм־¡
Լ书ǿû˵ĿܣҪõҩűؾԺȴȻͳɽׯˡ
ŲڵľΪԼ˵úᣬǼؼҲǡ
Ҳáӹҩ
ҩ࣬ͺһۣһ
ɫû˵ʲôֱ߳Ӫʡ
Ǻ;һȻȣûзԡ
ֻԼû̸ΪοʲôֻǾúȻԸѣȴɿǸĵһֵ
һһӪڲһᣬĴӪС


121 ں
ӪλھӪ, Ӫذ, ʮܡ
˴ڱ߹ǰߣĴΣ, ӪҲҪԵϮΣաΪ, Уȴ
߬ҩƿڽӪǰǻƬ, ֳŲ΢˻ߵӪſڲԶһ
ӪʸǸڽߵĹ, ϵֳ, ֳ贫̹ص˧
šӦ, ׼Ľҩ˳
˧, ǣйĻһ㶡
תϡ˵ǸׯġׯΣ֮̽ڻ, ֳûüл, ˿ڵĽҩϣȬ
⡭Ѵ
üͷ, ɵʵôˣ
æֳ񣺡˧ׯȻٲ, ھڻӪ£һҲڣҪҸȥͨһ
⣺Ϊ, ûѡֱӽȥ
ǽȥͨȻ֪ˣԻʹԺڵĹϵѾٻصǰദɺŲӦһл飬һ·߹ûüĵһ仰Ҫ˵ʲô
̸۾õѡ񣬵ľӪطֻ꣬ټ桭ʱһܡ
ܿƵܡ
ˡ½ҩ߬ϺͺׯӦ£شǡ
˵˵һ룬ԱӪſȴѾʶŲһִֻűӪ߳ĶѾ΢΢һЦֹӣ
Ųʵ¶Ŀ϶ϡԿվŵӰ
վԭء
״æˣŲߵٶȴֹһ𣿡
ӪʵſѾĶԻشڡĬһᣬֽ̧ҩƿݸŲߣ΢΢Цһ£ׯǻߵˣαġ֮ǰɳɽׯ໤һûüׯл
ӪӰûжԭվš
Ųߴ㵵ؿųݹҩƿֻҩƿůҲ֪˶áĬĬʶػվŵˣЦֹӿˣ㱾ҵȵְս˧ΪҪҵҲλıְֹһҪлǸлΪá
˳źŲߵĿ⿴ȥ̧һջأЦȷʵû뵽ϻأƵľӪҵȷҲҪһл
Ӱ΢΢˻ΣһִŵĿӪ
Ų΢΢һЦųԼһصӪʣȴ˵꣬ȴվԭأûнӪʡ
⡭
ŲϵЦЩΣų⣬ȴԷ˵ϴӾǳһֱûЪϢұȲˡ
Ų̾һӪȥ
վԭأֵ߹ΣգҲӦҪ塣
һ仰䣬ӰĿȻֱأسѲŲĿ¶һ˿ɫ
⽫˵꣬˿ͺŲ߸ǣȥ
һֱעֱԶջء
*
죬ʼͨïǽͨïǺǵĵıͬһӪֲԴѹǣֻֿ˰ձ㱻ơʾǣ²¶ó
˸еϧǣδȻ˲ٵʿȴûڳг֡ڹռͨïǵĵ죬Ӫӭһ벻ˡ
·ߣͨ˵ʱ򣬳΢΢һ㶣ǰ̽ӡ
ŻǰܿͿһӰվһսӪڣԱ߾ʦڣҲڡվɳ̱ߣűصΣʲô
ִˡ·߼Ӫ룬ܿЦųⱧȭ
װǼصĻɫװ˱ǰҲøˡ
·Ϸ֮Χ״֮һЦЦ΢΢Է˹˸
˧ϵճڵûоʲôŹֻ֡·¶һ˿ȣɫģǳĬû˵ʲô
󼸲ߵɳǰµľ飿
˧ҲҪ֪ͨ㡣ڵͷµ鱨ǰɳʮͨŹأսľƿҪˡ
ľȻ˱΢۾
֪ǵִɱִˡ·ߵҽҲڵĳڻ֪Ϣ߻Ϻʹˡ
ǳִǺһսɱĵ˧ʱʵԮ㣬ܹõķӾնɱ˧ԴоʿҲˣֻǵʱ֪նɱ˧ǵĻҵѪ
ǵ谮Ļӡҹ֮󣬱㹻ļҵΪһλλѡڵ˼ҲΪӱ֮⡣
ͷΪʦܸľ£˵֮ǰ˧Ҫԡ
ɱ൱һս
εĲʮͳһ䱸˻·Ѿ˵ǻѾȷǳԹ֮֡вһϸ¼ؼܳ¼Īõİ뱾ǹܵ뱾
ĵĻɷֹŹ֣˷ȴҲûнвأвصĹ̶ȣǱؼҲǷӦƽ⡣
ΪˣȻҲ˵вأɫһӵлؾ潫ʮּѾըһӪӦ
û˵꣬ԱһֱûĽͻȻըӪ˷̫գȡʦɻԸķ
˵ͻȻ΢΢һ㶡
Խ˾йԴϴŲҩƿ󣬺ŲҲ˲ٶо˵ǷỨҩ࣬ҲһЩѬ㡣ֻŲ֪ǽ͵ģȴҲûоֻܾǴ
ʱҲ඼ԾΪģʽҲԳ㱨Ϊֻοظ󲿷ҲֻǡšáЩٻոһͻȻ˵ôࡣ
ֻǻϷըӪϸ֮ԽлҪǽ֮ȼ֮ˮ˻ ǻһ㡣
·ʵˮ˻𣿡
յǴ磬ϨȻûЧ
˵ꣿⷴӦ
ûգ϶ۿۡڵͷü𣬡Ҳֻǲ뷨ҽչڽ꣬ʮѡ
ӦúܿͻӹǽȥҪĳǳأҲʱпͨïǣϣϣҲʵʰɡ·ߵ
̾˿ȷʵˡ
ҲɵѡԼ͵оս
ں·˼ɳ̲
ӪĬһǳһԡ
˧˵ʲô
·ߺ͸ֵؿ⣬ྪȵؿų⣬ȴѾߵӪ棬һֻ֡
ʲô·ߺ͸
Ӫɪʮָ
žડҲڳƬ֮һŶȻ¡
лҪ˵


122 
һˮɳʯ, ̷һȦμ
·ߡڿˮһ, ȴһˮ֮иδӿ¡ɳʯʱǳǳ߲߰
žžવ
·̧ͷ׹, ԭ𾪵ɫʧ, Ȼʶ鿴ȥ
Ҳڿ꣬һ˿, ȴûʼ𾪡
ôģڳΨиڻڼУֿ꣬⣬˧, ѵѧ֮Ҳ̫ˡ
, Ҳɺ, Ὺ̳, ׼󣬸, , Զҡ
ֻÿ궼Ҫһ׵񷨣ֳ衭ֳֻһԭӦһֱˡ
ʲôˣ
Ŀתؿֳ, ȴֳ֮Ŀһ, һֵĹâ
ڳָ֮䣬ָĨʪˮջ֡
ʲôˡ
ʵǸͨ˲ʲô֮, ᡣ
һֱߣǰ֪ڳѾȫȷš
ÿһκԷʱڵһʱ֣֪ԼеľٶȻܶͨûеҲϴѲ˳һֱڡӡԼʵ
вػûнҴĻԣǰʹ͸ЩڲͬȻҳţ¹ϵ׾ѣνҲûٶֹ
뿪ԭ磬ʧȥˣȴָ书һжĺԹ޵ģڳ˵ĿĶͱйء
ڳ˵϶ǷǳҪˡڽҲΪԻ϶ְæͳսУڣ޷ʱֱӸꡱ
һִΪ׼Ե޷Ĵڡƭĳ
˵ǱĲǰ֡
ǰһˣЩ۾һǹ⳹ûӰ۾΢죬۾ųһ˿Цݣѵֻ֮ǰû뵽ôĵطʦʲˮ˻
Ҳû뵽˧˵ɺܼһֱ£ȷʵõĵĻۿۡץ׼ǵ¡
ҲáսȷʵĵãͷӦ
æֳˣֲˡ
ߺֳֻܿʣ½顢⡢·ˣ·߱˵ʲô⣬ֿ飬ֹ
˶ȹո˫ƺܶ࣬иң·ԥһᣬûİѴݱ֪˵ֻиǡ
꿪ʼ´ӪɳʯѾһɫʣµһ˺վУһվӪ¡

ϣҲȸˡҲü
á鿴Ӱ͵Ӧһ
ͬ⣬һתҪ뿪ȴϴúׯ˵ұ塭ҲǱ˧ҪԼˡ
ڳľϡĬȻվӦϷģṼλϵְ
Ҫˣǻʵ۲֪ǣܲ˵ѾҲû塣ˣԺΣĳҲһὫһһξ
ְ飬Ҳϣ㡮𡯣Ҳ뿴㡮ʬֻϣܰȻִ
ϣǳǰˣҵҲˣһжڳ˵һΡ̧ͷѾ΢ʪˮ䣬Ц֮ǰ˭أԻϲصġ
͵͵Ժ󣬻ǵ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣ü
̧ۿų⡣
һֱŵţֻɿӰ½ǣȴٶȲԿص
ɤܵ÷£⾲ĬվţòŻ
ϣҲ֪ˮǰϡ
ڡѲˡ
*
գͨïǡ
Ʋֹ谵ѹͨïϿգ㲻ͣشյ䣬ǽ֮ϣ֮УĴɼԷˮ⡣
ͨïǵһۡ˵һһȼŷ
ôܣҵķôûãһŵ۵ĵʿͣ滭ţ߻ȼ
ʿ۾·ǴľӪߵĹܡʱ߻Сˣźµؿǵˡ
۾ȫѪ˿ĿѾ¶һ˿
⼸յû֮ףôͻȻꣿ
һйɶ񡢿ɶ񣡡
˭˵˭
ϵķھȴǷкȻȼźشȥ
֮رԭѻŨҲһӣһ˿ӿս
ǵս治ʮϢʱ䣬ƲȻӿϣٶסϵ̫ͨï£֮С
Ʋѷ챻ϵͬʱСۡһһѪǰ͵ϡ
ôᣬôΣҵΪʲôȫûа취ƽ⣿¶һ˿;š
ԱߵСȫ˵ֻǵսľվڹܵı
Զһɱ
ָOO@@ȡֽٻдһ룬ȴȻ뵽һ˵Ŀ
ֳ裬ѵ˧裬Ѿȷֹˡֳ书ǿǵûĶ֣ӵÿ죬Ҫܡ
书Ѿķ룬˿϶ˣĪҲΪ
ܺȻ۾
вأ˵˵Ҳû˻Ķ֣ƽⲻȴѹƣû취
ĸоҲֳֻʱ
ֳ裬Ŵƻҵĺ£ܺãܺáվԭһ󣬺ȻɫֱɵΪԼ޵𣿡
û˻شʾ䣬ֻ²ꡣ
ܶ꣬Ȼ뵽ʲôͷЦˣֳ裬뵽һķˡ
Сܵ˵ʲô
ͨïȴȻ˴ͳǽԶűƿ
֮ǰǵͨïǺܿҪ
ûϵ
ЦɫȴԵüǴ򲻹㣬Ҳ㣬˲С
ôҪ֪϶ݲ㡣
һˡ
˵ţͷ­ֹתСˣЦߣȥ˵ѾڱŹأҲȥټ
С˿ľսȴֲҷֻõͷӦţڹԱߡ
лҪ˵·ߣұ͸͸ˣʲô˵


123 Ứ
, ϳͨóǡʱ, ĵĻȻƻ˴룬ֳ, ʾ֮¶ó
֮ʱ, ʵںս, ڻͶʯȻֺˡսǰжĺɫ裬С⡱ʿ־ǰǡ
ͨóǳŤת˽˵, ˴ɹó, ʿǰǡ
ոͨóǺ󣬾ʦڽʱ, õͽͬ⡣ͨóպ, ǽ׷ɣ￪·̤෭, ؼѹ, ʿƺƵ¶ѡ
ű, ˵ĳǡ󣬵ʱ, Ѿǲ÷ء
͵ĵһα൱潻սвػΪʵ汾һʾ֮ʱ, ֵ磬ı£ԭΪֲĻ޷ôʿĽ죬еĸ˧ѱй˧֮ˣСмɱǰƽչսʿӭսٶնɱз죬磬оɱ
ʧһ״ֱǣŲ
ʱ졢·ѾɽׯȻ֮ǱУЩ书ǿин¼еĸ֣ܿɹǳţɹСʴΧֱ룬һ·С
ͨóǡ
Ƕ˧ڴҲ֮ˣ˼֮С֮⣬һϳǽһֱسʿһĻõĽд󺧣ȵٿȴң֮ݿֵܹ࣬Ĺơмɵ˼ǰλ࣬ǰæǳˣձ˵ء
˫гиı·ߵȽ¼صıûдǵǰӭսľȫûʧ
ֻ˸оϧǣȻûĵĹʦܡ
ܾսһɴ˲ʼǱһò
սƺ󣬾ҽæµߡҽҽڳУⱾȥԱ;յҽ˴ӾҽӪдҴææг
죿ôˣ߳죬ûдɡɫϴŽǣȻµӡ
ִˣż֮ɫĻ΢΢һ㶣æͣ½Ų˸񣬽͵һսвٽʿˣ֮Ѿ꣬ȥľҽ￴ûжġ
ʲôˣӦòԵ޹ʵܿʵ
üĨȥĵǣǳ̹
ˣ
սۣȷʵ˭˵ķաһæʹ죬ȴ͵ԭҲҲСġҺ·һ򿪳ţʱң֪˭˰ûüӦǳ̹￴Ϊҵһ
ԭͳһжģʱӧǹس쵲˰㡣󣬼ᴩҼϴеֻҪһͻ˵Ƥ磬ϰ䣬Ҳȡʹ࣬ûɢʹüȻԣȴٶȱʹѡ
Σóʹֻ࣬гҽûжɢ
ɢھϡȱʣࡣ΢΢˼һ£οеЩỨҩҲԵʹãŸðɡ
ỨҩǽŲ֮͸õģ˿ԷĨ˿ڣнʹãⱻƶĥʹѵô˳ʹһ·ǰвء
ỨҩӦñͨɢӦøãæл⡣
ǵ֮ˣŮΪ˿սʱ˵һнƣһֱкøСӪȡỨҩһ뾣ӪС
ӪڴʱһѪ֮ӪһŮӣ½ѾѪȾ죬ͷһ֧ϼɫ԰ףƣۿʶԱоΪϵ亹ŮԱߣҲţǳʦ֣ʱԱߺ԰ο
ӪĽŲͬʱſڴ֣Բɵ΢΢ȡ
磬ôҲˣæʵ
˵飬ҩ״ֱӽҩƿóݸǷỨ㿴ܲɵó
˵ͷƿᡣǸỨ֣۾΢΢һỨԭ˧ʶСҩȵˡ
СҩȣһΡ
ڵͷСҩǽϺպҽȣڵĹǽ¼ʮСҩ磬ҽ뻯˵ҽ׹ǡ
ԭ΢΢һ㶣Ȼǰɽˣڳɽׯ˯꣬ȷʵһҽʦԼ򣬺ͽ硣
ΪʶܿЦỨСҩȲҩݣҩҩºֿͣʹʮϡУҲǧ벻㡣
ǽġЦЦûн͡
Ȼʦô˵ҩӦÿԸ̹á˿ҩƿߵߡ
ӦÿԡڵͷỨ԰֮Ч˯֪޾κʹࡣ˯һӦþȡˡ
ףЩõҩʹĥһ񲻼ãֻл
ȴûлӦվԶɫò԰ףһ˯ȥſڣЩȣʦո˵ʲô˼СҩȵķỨܹһֱû֪ػ˯
ڼȻ˯˿ûпѿɫֻǵͷỨ֮ɲܣ÷ΧһǰСҩȹķͷ񯲡޷ҽΣǹô˷˯ꡣһЩ֢֮Ľ˹˻԰ҩͶɵƳڲͬĶ֮У֪޾
Ứȷʵܹûʹ֪࣬˵Ļûд
ʱȴЩ䣺ô˵Ứǿ˻˯궼ûκ֪
ԡֻҪÿһʱû˯˷ãӦþ߲ܳ𡭡˵ţʶʲôԣعͷų⣬Էۿһæ˧㡢û°ɣ
ʲô£ԣЦȴۿ΢ʪæͷת
û£ֻǷԼ֪ڳɽׯ˯ѡ
Ǹʱϣû飬ʱ޿̵ػԼгһܹͳ
ǸʱΪ˵ֻΪˣڴ˰ꡣ
ڡˡ
䵱ʼնֹȥõǸɫ
Ѿڰ֮á
ۿﲻˮ磬ܿȫʪ
ִˡҲĲԾæȴѾһԲתгӪʡ
Ӫ⣬жߵ꣬شڵϡ
лҪ˵飺Ҫ


124 ͷ
߳ҽӪ, ѹͷ, ܵô
ټھӪʣԼƲ, ڳ, ãȻؿоӪȴҲ֪ԼӦȥ
ʱĸȥ, Сųϣܹƽ󣻳£ŬԺҪԼԹļ, ֱ, ضԻȥ޵㽺ͻ롣
һϣĿ궼Ӱجج, ȴδƭֵʱ, Ţ֮С
ս, 󲿷ʿ, ·ֻȵļʿӭѲ顣⿴һ֧СӴӾҽӪ߹Լĵطȥ
껹, ⴹ۾ĬУֱ˵ĺ
ֹӣ·ߵ, ô
΢΢һ㶣̧Դȥȴ·һɫ·ߵ, ȵؿԼ·ߵİӰԱߣһӰǽפŲͬţڳҰ֡
£ˮϵشϴ䣬εδؽڻˮУ滩֯һ
ˮУһж׺£ʪꣻĿȻվеˡ
ϵ㵣üͷ΢״۱ܹߣ˧ķȥ
ֹӣձǺͽһУͻȻ꣬·߻˵ʲôȴԷѾͷҲصԶˡ
껹ڲͣ£һɪĶ紵ʪĺ⣬衣
ڴ˸̧ͷǰĵ·еˮȴˮһ𣬽ģߡ
Ҳʱһɡ˹סͷϷĲߡ
΢΢һ㶡
⡣Ϥǽɫ̫ȥɡ
ĽŲȻסֻо۾ͣǰøģ
ͣɡߵߣɡķбסķ꣺纮ǳɼҪˡ
ļ˼¡
ǰɽ鰸˲ڶ𣬡ǶӦøעǡ
ø۾ͨ죬ͷѾɡǣʱȴǲͣˮ˳£ˮһ
ˮУе͵͵ĳ
⣬㡢ôˣߵ˵ĲԾæ͵ѯʵ
ֻؿڷ£ˮϵش۾̧ۿǰȴǽչɡһƿ
飬㲻ùҡʰǰȥ
鱻Ƶ΢΢һ㶣̧ʱȴѾ⣬µӰˮѾȫʪ͸ŷ޴ˮҲڷŵ䡣
е˸ûҪĴ㡣
ɡվųжУֲϵ̧һһزǰвʰٶȸȥڳݹɡٶȳ⣬ֻ㡣
Ųͣסһļøɡ£һŵ𣿡
ɡ΢΢һ
ӣת飬ǸýϣǽعӣỨѾ֪ˣڴϻ˰꣬ôã˵Ĺġ
ڿ˳ݡֻźɫ˿ʪˮգɫ԰ޱȡ˿£һ˫۾ͨؿԼеӰ㶵ӡкȻǰδеĻңæ͵ɽİӺˣ÷ỨΪ˼ʹ̫أȬ²
˵⣬ȴ⽥ȥסͫףҲųȥͣȴǲĵ⣬һжΪ㣬ġ㡣
⵽ԷÿһǣԼǳһЦݣҲԼѤÿģһҲԼǣã˿ԼҲܵ벻ͣذο⿪Ľᡣ
ִļ¶ŵؿų⣬ȴٶȷˮƣ۽Ѿˮʹգ͵͵ǰ飬һֱҺܺá
ŵĸĸһ磬û˻΢չˣαĶǽ΢ҲΪˣÿÿһ뵽Ӱøܣʹࡣ
Ѿ״һƽ
֪Ҫʲôһ
վԭأӲسɡߵɡڳͷϷɡܵˮһķҡ°ϣ°Ѹʪ
紵ô̹ǡ
ҪĲĹģҲĶҪ뿪ɡĻҲ𣬡֪֮ôƴΪ£ҽܵ񡣡
͵ߣÿһ仰ȴýɫҰһ֣ϵĸԴΪ㣬ҵ׷롣ԭΪֳ˾ܹ뿪ҲΪ㣬ҳ벻磬ʧǣ޼ҿɹ顣
޼ҿɹ顱ĸֳڵʱ򣬽ѾȥеѪɫ԰Ŵſ֪߳һУȴնĿ⣬ûٱʲô
ǲ֪ڳϷʲôвص鷢޷飬׳ԼǺԭһ㡣
һغȴˡ
ڳԭΪУﲢûڵλá
ȴĳ⣬Ժ޾ؽҲԽȻͷҲص뿪硣
ֻҪп뿪Ļᣬ£Ȼʲôõ
ԣǲ㡣ҵԼ͵͵ЦԳ⡭һֱ񣬴δ𣿡
ĿȻǰĽ顣
ҲѾʪȻĿֱӳ⣬ԳΪҵȵҪȵˣ뵽δԸ˵Ļһжֻ顣
ü飬ֻڲͣطϿЩѾ侲۾ףȴȻǣ飬ѾҲԹһ飬µ֮Ѿûκοܡ
ĬȻš
ҺҵԶ롣ҿ㣬ǻ뵽ʧȥˡɬ˻ƵԶϣҲ֪ôദԻǾ뿪
ʪ͸һ
һΪЧûпķӦȵƽҾ뿪ҲҪ֮ǰҲΪˡ
ÿһ仰ڽĶɫѿȴִŵ̧ͷƫأ
֮˴˻һøУƽֿ𣿡۾ףѾٺ֮˵ֻʣѹ
鿴ų⣬û
ⲻֱͣתУüĿȾˮûٿóϵĵỹˮ
껹£λӰҲᶯ˶
⣬ҲߵġźµıӰ͸
ⱳӰ΢΢һȴûлͷŲҲûͣ£󲽵뿪


125 
ոǺ, 򱱽, űϵĵĴٶȽ档ڲֳΪ, ԭ֧Ӳ, ֮ƼлűصĵġĽ춼ԹֳɱеĿֲ׿, ʿһ룬ӵûñ㱻ıƣòűǣ⳷ˡ
ع, 񱻷², ؿոʱĸ£ԳҲѾ, ߹س׽뺮, ¶轵֮ʱ, ԭҲƮɵѩ, 谵罵ڻ, мƬδսϮģҲһƬһƬڸԡѪĵ, š
İˣʤ׷вһ, ǰȻӿһУܿʧӰ״裬æͣʮǰ̽
кһʱ䣬־塢ײײȫԡѪƿʲôֵ飬кһ󣬾Ȼֻ˵˾䡰ӡ˹ȥ
ʮȻֻôһеʿ
˽Ծ̧ٿ֮ʱȴȻͬȻŲһ㡣
ʵǹ죬ֺبڱǰĵ·ϣԲѰȻ 
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻЩ⣬ʿͨˣ˼˴ձ۷űأ¸֪ڡ
᲻ǹʩɫ˱䣬Ե֪ܳΪĵĹʦ󣬱ʮּɵ
Ҳ޿ܡóʿľ⵽ƻ֮ǰʮ񡣡Ժи˷Ǭ
ڵľӪнսҲûԹ۾ֻϧʱ޷ôѡ
оһ·ͨóǡǣ㶼ʿ䣬źһֱûд˵ϢȵűأȻڹؿ˹ܵĲá
˧㳷ȷѡ񡣹ܴʦ˵𣬳Թ˵ǣǼΪֲĴڡɾ磬ɽԹѹãµ񽭺¼һָǴˡڵ
ȻôҲ˧ֳ赱ըӪʱһڵľӪУ͹й֣ݺսֳˣһֱٿʧֳ裬ǶֳҲΪɵ
ĸֳ֣ѹƣ»ڱؼ˷ˣʤңңڡ̾һĵҿֳ裬ְؿֳ裬ȴԷĿͣĵȫһ书Ϊĸ֡
˸о⡣
Ҳ֪ôҵΪԼЧġ롣
ȴɫû˵飬ֻǺ͸飬ٶȷֲһֺһǰ̽·
͵Ľս½ӹűأ𲼷һһŵλʼֵڡȵڶǽϱ˿ǰȴһæֹܽ㱨нʿԣæٶȽ㱨⡣
ԸسǽһɻҰɫǽԶĵط̾ᡣ
ڻĳ˵ԭűһ⣬ȻڳǽϾۿɼ
ǻᶯġ
᲼еľվڳǽϷۿȥȫǻɵһƬһ˿˿£ϡǽ£ͷ
⿴һȴǽִ˵ĽŲ˾ù죬Ҳˡ
ߴ·ߣȻҲǽӵͨϳǽ鿴ϳǽ󿴵΢΢һ㶣ȴѾƿĿ⣬һ׻û˵ʲôֻǸſ
·߼ڽԱߵ͵˵˼䣬ý΢΢ü
ҲʱȴȻһֵӰӰٶȷǳ죬ԭֳֻһӰһϢǰȵ쵽ǽʱͽſǴˣһһ˵죬Ṧűؿ
ϴŵĶʿװʹṦʿʮ죬Ǹ꣬ࡣӵǽǰǳڳǽϣ۾Ȼһ˿кִˣСҪ档
ʿĲ࣬ʿȻǺ;һӾĵǺ
Ȼȥˣ
⾪װȾ˲Ѫæ³ǽ򿪳ţźء
ǰ̽ʿڡҲ׷׸˹Ϊδ㻹ڷûг֡
ûг˿ȵӪʣɿŵˣԹԵץϵˮȺһˮ
ŵһڵϣæڵһ¡ͷɢңϡ¶һϤǺͳһ֧Ԯص¿״Ԫʱ֡
ǿܸУڿһ㶣üʵзʲô飿Ҽǵõʱɳʮ飬ôֻǶ˻
ڳĳ⡢顢졢·߶ϵûһǵǣԿ
ЪӪҲڣʱæ˫ֽյ£ȷʵйŹ֣ҽ֮һ·ͿܸУ˷ֿȵӡȿȣȵ뿪ʱ򣬱ֻУһˣ˳ִ˻
ᵽʱֵʱ򣬿ʱſڵæһ£û˵
Ҷֳû˹⿴ź⵽ô£
ŸɿһϿȥḡ۾ɫȴִ˵ĻһʿҲµòĻӦþ֪ܡ
澹Ȼǹ򣿣
ԺұԵɽϷܿǸ󷨡ǵӦҿܸУȥһۣԼһȥһۡһۣӦþɢ룬ҿ쵽۵ʱȴǹܡ
ʵϣǽʱбӿһǿҵҪһǰʱֵвʱһͬȥ̽
ʼվй죬Ľ飬Ǹ󷨣÷СκοʱֻͨʿûжĻᡣҲ⣬Զһǰ
û뵽ײ˹ܣܵÿ죬¾Ҫ۴
ǹܵҲ֣û׷
ܿѴµһ飬Ŀڿʱϣʱԥһ£ڵͷûȷʵӦۡ˵ǿܲţȥǸۣҲһʿģˡ
촽˼£ڵһʿǱǵʿ
ʱִһ쾪ȵôܣôͬĹܣ
˵ĿʵҲʵ
ʱֽȾѪȥѵϣѧȲֽҲϳˣǵʿºм֮ҡҲӳġ
ֻ΢΢ۣû˵125 (4/6)
ǸڿڵܸУ˵ӦӦģʦ¼һ󷨣Ϊ̫Ǭ󣬳вأ˫ΪΪţУԽԽᱻǻӵĵãܸУֹģӦǲ˵ԼԻ顣
һʱɫò԰ޱȡ
ֳûѾƽűأűУº룬ɫһ˲
˼ǣǹܲΪҪ˲ãüͷ΢ƽ֮
ҪһһϦ̳ɣбڵһ˵һۣŻһ֮˻пۡҲпۣ˭Ҳ޷жϡ
˵˴ɫ뵣ǵҪ书ǿͬʱ󣬷ֱǰ󡣵֮ǹܵĻ
Ǿ仰ûнӵǣ֮ǹܵĻҪƽǰ۵˱ܹѹסܡ
ɹǽ¼ĵڶλڽѩ֮£ڳˣֳֻһܹҪ
˵Ҳǹܸűزԭ
ΪѩѾãֳܻ֣裬Բ
졢ǵʵ֪ȫڹ֮£˶ƽȴҲ㡣
ķʵ
ҡͷ̾˿
Ĭȴһ
ȥڷʵ̫ͬʱһԴȥ
ϣȻ
˵ȴֻǾţǰˣȴûнĿƵϣֻƽسһʵɽԹܵĹѹãʦнѩһԡ


126 
Ļһ, ڳĴ󲿷˶һ㶡졢ֱ۾ŵؿŵĻʵۣһȻ, ﰵһѹ֣ȴ˲̧ۿŽ飬ͫ
СĻһ˲ľĬ, ȿڵȴǳ⣬նؿھܾǻ,  
û˵
ܹôܾʵ۵飬Ҳֳֻܰ쵽ֳͻʵ۹ϵȻͬѰһ, ̷Ӧ͵˧˵Ĳ޵֮ȷʵա
һ˵ţһ߻ζŸոľϢ
ִʵͽ, ޽£ȻҲ֪ЩԡλĻʵԴ˪֮ӣٵʱ, 书û֪ǳû֪ĹȥǬ췴ʱԴΪͷ, ɽ
˪Žؼҳߣû֪ŮӺĺȥηڵĻʵ˵ʦˣĪǵ˪, ʵȥ˺ɽ˲ö𡭡
£޷ϵ飬ϺɽѰ˲öϡ
˪ҵ˺ɽ졣
ʶ͸˵֮ǰѩһżȻ֮иԼںɽһĺӣֻǴӴû¶Ҳûм⺢ӵģΪѾҵ丸ĸԲû⡣
ڿǺӦþǵ˪֮ɣҴһֱû뿪ɽǰ¶棬ֱݱλڶĵòˣ³ǰƭԴΪ½ӽ顣
ɨϰ֮Ȩعֱ֣ʵǽ¼һ˵ĵģԵĻʵۣȻĶҪ
ڻڴŽ£ȴ͵ЦҲǡҪƽ˧һҲ޷ۣȥӦ׵֮ߡ
üᵽҪȥʱֻȻʱƽǹɿԽԽԣٶȿٻصϣ֮²صǣðգ͸ʦȫ֮ߡ
ܿĿ⣬ڡ
ֻоԼĿУһʱͷƤ飬æ̫ǬȷʵʮָӣвأҪźͬʱ󣬲Ȼۻ޷ѡںȻСؿȻʦˣ֪ںδ˰æ󣿡
ʦǰѵǶ֮ʼѰٷ֮Ҳ֪ںδ
˾ȻͲںɽͽҲ֪
ǡǽںɽ˭
ǰںɽΪ˲öϣѵǸǡ
𾪵ؿŽ飬ȴʦǹƽٶȣջűأ㻹ʲôƽ֮ߣ
ڳĬһᣬһ취óűأʾ롣
űظոն˲գҪڴʱ¹ͳ˴üͷ²װɣűǱפǽǵĽóǵƲأֽԵѭ֮У
ǵ֪ҲףںͳĬ
űزøģһεЧõĳĺôԵĺܿǵĹⲼõĵڶĸһرԶȫո
ơ
ҪˣĿǰѡҲֻгͽ顣
ҲһֱԶڸ֮ϣԴһʱԶǰɽܣһ˿ҡüʵʦǷһ£
һ֮űŰȫֻ߽Ҫܹҵ۸ĳ뿪Уÿһ˶ҵţ󲿷˽УܻᱻܸУһԻ֮УҲΣ֮ڵ
һһͣͷҲãұȥۡ
ӦǹܵĹ鷴ԵϴαӦñܿš
һΣеڶΡüǼллϹģû£˹ģȥ󣬸ӦñԼ壬ȥŲʵġ
ɫ΢΢ףû
һһϡ·ţٿ⣬΢΢üֹ
ȻѾѡڳ²֣ɳǧÿʱ·ǰۣɻϴ·һɺ·ǰۡݺ񴫹Ϣ֮ɽ·֮ԶŵĵʼΪ׼ٽеһ֧㽻ɺ͵ţһȼ֮ʱͬʱ
˷Ҫڽִۺ󣬱һ֮ڽϵĹܣѶȴȴû˵ʲôֻ޳ɼƻʩС
ϣ˿ʼֲýˡȵԵǧʿɫѾ׼ӪСߵӪǰȴһӪǰⲽҹɫӰƫȥȴʮϤĽŲʱ̧ۿ¶ϸµ۾
Ӫſǻľ·ߣ
·ߵﻹһӣҲе졣
΢΢һ㶣ҲǺ·йٽ·߿ܿЦѯʵ·ˣô
·ӪʣȻҳġһ۳ϵĺףܿҲЦֹӣ𾩳Ǻûټ档ҹعһ빫
ֽΪعӡ
ʲôѾԤУɫһ·߹ʶ·ӪЪ
·Žеĺȡڳ⣺ֹӣعвػ֮󣬱뽭¼ϵĹ칤ŷұƵķⱾΪӶƵģɷ
ӱ򿪣Ϥɫչ¶ڳС
ɫ󣬽Ѿ͸һΣֻǺڹִһŭ֮±㽫ӻظ˶Էû뵽ս龹Ȼ·͹ˡ
ʲô˼⿴Ӵ򿪣ûֽӹ
·߿ųе֮⣬΢΢һ㶣Ǽع˵һսֹӼҪǰţΣأϣӿԴ
۾ûҪӵ˼
·߼⻹ûӣڿУһᣬŽӷӪϡ
ֹӣع֮ǲʲô᣿֮·̧ۿ⣬ڻ̲סʵ
·ϵ˵͵ĻҾȥϢˡ
·ߣ
·ĬȻʶֳ֮ʱô˲ͬͨˡ޷׽͸ǰˣΨнһֱչˣԭվһᣬǼִˣһֱعΪϡ֪Ϊʲô뿪ɽҵԴ̳нѪͳ
֮ǰǺɽǽʦҲһ˲ľ˵ѾǳҪֿˣ˭ԶѾҪˡ
Ҳǽþȶѡ
ûӦֻжϵľס
·߼ˣüǵֹӣвҶѾعһģһֹû㲻ˣعҲδˣ


127 
˵ʲôĶڶס
·߿ų, ¶ȻĿ⣺ݱ˵ûֳǰųܣ˰֮ǻһƵ, ¼Ҳûִûв´
ֳʬ, Ȼõֳݣ¡Ըֶζͬ, οԴӼݱҴ֮󣬱ûм·ͨƽʱΪܹ˲֡
óͣ¶ȴΪ·ᵽ˽顣
뵽֮ǰͽľ, ü΢΢һǴۻָ˶⿪ףԱߵļϡ
ô˵·ʱݱҲἰģ߹ұʵ
ݱΪ˽թ, ˵вࡣ·ߴǱ飬ȷ׷вһ£вصҲֻݱ𲰲֪ࡣü, ˵˴ͣһ£ǽĨӰĨȥֹ, ʱв˻֮ʱҺعвѰٽ֮ⷢʬ, ״˹ǡ
ü
вش죬ʷ޼Ѱ·߼ݱҲ͸¶һԭҲϡ
ƾһָܹҵвѾǷ˼תʵ˼ǣϺвض
⾹ҲѾ֪вصĹ
·пһ£ǵûҵһع֮ʱһֱںɽϵȺһˡعλִˡȻ֪عӵǴʲôϵ·߾ôع֮䲻Ӧñ
ųĬ죬ȻЦҲԸԣԸûֹ
·Ȼ
·ߣڵ磬Ҳвĵط´ˣҺˡҪϵ˵ͣ绹ҪˡȲ·ˡ

·ٿ⣬ȴѾתʣȻûٺԼ˵
ڳķվһڻû˵ת뿪Ӫʡ
ʱӪɫѺڣջƮŷϸѩ·̧ۿŻ谵գȻԼӿպнٺһεϺɽʱĳֻһã
˵һضԲָһ˲һֱںɽĵȴǴ
Ѿ׷飬·Ӧȥ
·һһ뿪Ӫʣȴ䰵ɫ£һӰӪ֮ϣ֦ȡӰϣһϸ졣
·ߺӪ¹ƽûеƣɫױúڰҹӪֻԶ˵ͶѲȴڴϣ˯⡣
һʱƿ۾ϵ۾Ŵʡ
ڰ򣬲Ź⡣
·ߵĻڶշתڴӴߵʵߡ
ϣطһӣ׻·߰´ȴûûȥ
ߣ´򿪣Ļ
ڰҹŵ⡣
⿴һڻǽȡϡ
ڰҰʲôⲦŻδϣּж£ضţһŻȻͣ¶Ĩ۾ŶͷŻϵף͵Ц
*
賿ʱǰھӪＯϣ⵽ʱѾ꽫ʿ顢Ż㱨
Ҫǰ󣬴ŵĲǳصףһĺ¾װĵࡣһһ㱨ֻǵͷʾס
ǰ棬ǧʿϣ࣬ԲӦã󲿷ֵʿھӪڣɸڲ𣬷ֹ⹥ǡ
ڼ¶ˣλ֮ҪӦ䣬СӦ
Ӧһ
лѩһĳѾããһƬƽһ𣬳ױɰɫһƬ
ͽʾгŲʮɣŲϣ˰Χ
ǧܿȫɣʾһᣬֻڵԵøͷ֣߹Ȼӿǰĵ·ҲխָԼͣһǰС
̫ǬȻлԻˡ
⿴˽һۣȴԷҲüƶӦ
Ѿŵĵ·Խϣǰƻǰţ㷴Уúǰš
šĿ⿴⣬ȴմŵҲǺ¾װϴŵҲͨƤﻤ
󣬻Ҳǿֱ˳ɡⱾʹֵв֪ȴһɲԤУĻУֶһ䣬ȻҪϵҪ
á
һƫڳ£ֳֹӳӢ⿴ţֿһƽɨɽܵ
书Թ԰ģͷˣǱͷɡ
Ҳáֵһų⣬ֵ˾䣬⣬ն񣬻ϣսܹƽ
΢΢˴ǣȴǴǧȥ
ԭأȵıʧڶɽ·ŻǣűߵɽǰС
ҹѩԵ˱˳û·ԱߵɽϸǺ٣ۻѾѩһɫټӵĻҰ˵Ĺ֮С
Լйһ֮ɽѩȻƥԭ㣬޷ǰǰ
״оԭפ·ߡǰ
˰ʱڿѩһľˣϵһ½󣬱ѩ˰ߣŤŤбš
ϣҵļǺţû뵽ܾȻûз֣Ӧþڸһϲ
·ԣڸѰңз֣æһѩأȻһ޴ͼڣһž۵۾תŻˮ۾һ
۾ʱ򣬽鱳ܿ
߲ãûע⵽ͷϵƸ˼֡˻һȦûзֹܵӰ
ѵִ˵Ǳߣ·ɫ΢΢һ
пܣǹִ˵δ̫˰ɡҲȻԱߣ˵ֳĲãæȡҲãִУܣҲӦʮָɾȥ
ûẫưֻǵ͵͵Ӧ
ͬʱȼֱװУһĽ·ߣظϣģҶ˵ǵƣȻ㽻ִˡ
˵ţٳɣһʩչṦɽȥ
ǵӰܿʧڽ·ߵ
뿪󣬿еƸԭһֱƮɵѩҲֹͣˡ
һվѩϣ۾ɫĪ
ִ书ǿӦܹӦŵ·ߺڿ³ɫһ
̧ۣظ·ߣȻڴʱ˶էȻһƵЦСȰ䵣ֳ裬絣ԼΪҲвص̫ǬǸֳƽ𣿽Ƕʹ˴


128 
ͻȻ, ϸ, ûг·ͬʱһæԴȥ, ȴֳ֮ߵӰ
ܣ·߽䱸
Ц̫Ǭȥ޻أΪ׼, ô
ͷһݣٹ۲ӰֻѾӻ߳, ϴŵۣȴǵͯģͯ۾ףɫҰףϾȻһö޴Ķ, ӳǰҲһѪɫͼڣ۾һǰˡһͯһһϣܵĻȻǴﴫġ
ͯǹطݵ߿ܡ
ⳡжж, ·аЯ룬εضǰĿܣܣ㵽ʲô
ƽ̫ǬȷʵҪͬʱ, ֻϧǲ֪ǽڴͯϸ, ŹܵΪ۷ʱأһȥκһۣӦһɢȥȻ٣ʱⷽԲʮΪһƬ򡣡
˵䣬ͷƸܲѹ
·ɫһ䣬飬ȴѾսеĳ
ȴ˵õ⣺ֳ̫ǿˣǴ򲻹˲ԡֳȥĸֻۣڵ۶ֽűɡڱΥʱ췣ȥ
˵ţЦЦصڷѩ֮Уּϸʮ
ݹԣǽֳȻܵ췣ֳǱ󣬽ⷽҲܵ׽١·ȻѾƴ˲˵ĵͯ
·ͨڽ¼ߣһֱǽɵĴڣ˵ĵͯȴ㲻ӡ֮УĿȴʢЦƶصƵĿܣ·Ҳ뵲סƶļƻ
·ɫһ䣬ȴǵֻͯͼ۾ٿȻһԺо˲ֹһƬɽׯ𺣣·ھָʱľ
۾·ھֵʬ״죬ǰȻŤֱ˺ɽׯ򸾵
ų˵һ󱯷ߡԹӿͷ֮ʱȴߴˡһϤѩ𣺡˾·ߣȥ֪ͨ⳷󡣡
·էȻ񣬽ѾִվǰйӳѾһ㺮˪
ոǽ黽Լ
أ·һһǣŽıӰ
۲ʧڴ˴Ըܡǰһ
˴۱Ҫһڴ˶أһƣڵĵطޱΣա˵ţ˪ѸٸסǰۻȪһһںıš
ǡ·߿յֻǰµѾȼ˿ӽһ롣Ǵʱٲ棬ʱ¾ˡ
һⰲȫ룬ұ취뿪
ȻΪ˳⡣
·üȴҲֿܵܣսȭڻתɽӹȥ
ѩۺӹͯЦһ˵ΣƾҲסҵĿֳ裬βͶƶܸȫ
ܵĻ˵;ȻֹһŶͷ­ѩ׹ڵϡ
ὣվţѪӽ⻬䡣
ѩһ˲ƽһֱûпڵĵͯ𣺡㵨ң
С㣡ҲԶӳȥͨ籨ţͬʱѩϵͷ­ŻİӰ
ڵ潻һ𣬿ֲ쳣·߼ӿٶȷӣȴ״ԵӰܶľżס·а
д·˻ǵĴϢŽȥģҲΧġ
·ĿεӵһӰС
󣬿ѩĺӵͯӿϷȥн𣬺֮Ӱ£־òϢ
ɫӻ谵Ũסɽͷѩءյڵȴֵһĩһڲͣ
*
ڶɽϣǰĵ·ϣһվš
ԽۣԽԽǿңΪ⣬ΧӦһǰۡ
ӽ۵ʱǰȻʼи£һһݣ˶ȴƬַֺϺϣȻţǰȴһ䷿䡣
򵥣ɳв輸ҲеӻǺԭ硣
磬ϾҪˡĶߴŮӵȻȴɳЦӯӯؿԼ
ȻҲڡ
⿴ų񣬼ؿԼá
磿ʵ
Ц𣺡ǰǰ㻹ͽ˵һȥָġ
΢΢һ㶣û뵽вڣ龹ȻҲڡ
˵ֵʵʵ뷨ԭϣȻģ
㶵ؿųȴ죬Цǰţĵػͷ֣磬
㵣̧ͷȥȻ鴩һɫװվСԱߣ΢΢Цš
㡭㾹ȻԼˣԼڻ
磬㻹ɵأԱߵĳЦ
߰ɡҲƵЦ
ܿ죬оһ˫ǣԼģȥһ·ŵȥ˳⣬ԼϤĳӣ˼ʻϰȫֿҲ
Ȼ𣬽ûгӣڳһᣬ̲סΪϰȫ
žȫۣ졣
͵Ц
ջ֣λϣֻһ
ȥģæʵ
ȥָĻЦﲻӦϤ
Ҳԡӣ⿪ȥ
ڻļͽԼָָǶԽ䣬ŵ
ʵÿ£鲻Խ
ʹùṦֻÿĸоʮ裬һһ߿һ߿ŵ粣ĵӰ
ڸʻ˲ǺӰһ
֣Ϣʹ
üǰĲͣ³ȴź̵ơ
⣬ȥ̳·ԱߵĽѵ
̵֪ˣӡ
Ա΢΢㵣ʵôˣǲȥָ𣿡
ǡش
¶ãڳߵﲻ𣿻㲻Ըһ𣿡
һжǼٵġص
Ҳϲҡ
ԣΪʲô
⣬Ҫ뿪һ𣿡
Ľʵ
ɻһһƻŻþеˣ͵ش˷̣෴ķӴſȥüĿѾ˼ᶨ飬˵ǻұȥ󣻾㲻ڻǲҲѾ˵ˣ𣿡

ѯֹͣٷκתͷȥȴԭĸʻϵĽѾʧӰ١
Ŀ¶ᶨ
Աߵĸ¥ųѸȥȻɢǰǰٶһƬããѩͻɵ
վԭصһᣬڿһɫӰٱ
еյúܺã㲢ûϨȼ㽻󣬱һ仰û˵Ϣ붨ƽѹƵĻ
״ûдŵǣǰڿѩ
Ӧþŵۡ
⼸ǰѩ˵ϻŵ۾ͼڡ
вء
⿴۾ĬһᣬյѩϣصȺš
߰һƬռţֻѩ׵һƬ
ڣһĩȼ


129 
ѩﻹûж, ͷаɫѹɽ֮ơ
֮ǰļƻ, ֻҪһʱһ۱Ҫͬʱ١ûٳ, ߶׼еĻˮһ¡
߻, ֱȪУ۴ͼĵȻһΪ, һȦһȦⲻϹѡȪ·⵽ػͣ²ӿԼ޵˻
Ҳ߶Ȫ֮ʱԶͻȻһ, ϴ¡¡
ⲢûһȪ, ֻεع̶ˮС
Ȫ۵طŻɫջΪһ̯ˮѷﻺ¡
Ȫʧ, ջߣȴԼڵĵط嵴Ѿʯ, ѩ䣬Ҳǰģ
ԴˣŵѾ
վߣȴԱߵûɢȥΨߵķ죬¡¡ڶ߻ص
΢΢һ㶣кȻе㲻첽ʱķȥֻ·ϵεţûʿ
ӦΪһ壬ۣӦûɢǣΪߵĻڣѵǱ߲ûн⿪ۣ
䡪Զٶէһ磬˲ֺܿϨȥ׵Ļ棬͸۾
˼󿴵Ӱ
ʧˣӰǰյĵǺ񣬿˳ĵһ˵һϵѩ˷ִܵˣǲǳɹˣ
ʧӦѾ󡣳ǵ״԰ͷӦһ
ǿɺãҲ˴󹦡۾һڳԱЦִˣⲻͷȹҲһȹɣھӪܽ
ڻصʵףƫбþԻķգҲֻеѸݡԸѵ˲ܹΡЦЦû͢ξʱڵ̬ȼԴǡ
Ǽⲻ˵൱ĬĹֹͣס˸߲ңԹԵش˼䣬ųɽȥ
һһ·Ȼûɢһ·գ˵˼ЦȴĲʲôԾĵطæ￴ȥ
һӰʵԶٱ
ǰ滹ˣ
΢΢һ㶣ǵԼֳߵʱ˶ѾɽµȺ򣬳Ӧû˸ô͡ͻȻֵ˾Ȼ浽ܣ˭
ò죬ԶȻࣽһ磬̽յۿȥڿ泯Ǳ˵Ŀ
ݱݱ̼һԶβġ䡱һ
δˣ¡¡֮쳹ɽҰ涼ֹ
Ѿ״ãҰ֣˴Űɫ£ǳӣϵǹ֮ȴ̧𣬴ŭǣ˵˭ǹ
æס죬㵽󣬽̽һԴ
ڻֵ˲ǱˣȻ֮ǰ㶾ֱǣӵݱ𲰲衣
ǰгڣŸҵݱǵԵǷˣһԶͶԶ
ֻ˸еֵǣݱ𲰲轭¼ڶڷǬһڽϳ伣ôʱڱأڹ̫ܵǬУ
Ǿ㶵ؿŶԷսߣؿǰͻȻֵˣ𲰲裬ʲô
Լ֣ݱЫĿŴӵƿ¿ǰĺӣϺûԭеļڽ㵹ɢ̫Ǭǹܵ壬ߡ
˵ʲô塱֣Ŀһ
̫Ǭвأвֲͨڽؼ䣬Ҳǹܻ߹һ׫дģϷŪ˵ݱ𲰲ݲݽһ䣬æʱˣϽȥˡ
û˵۾ȴ
ˣʲôˣвأ֣ǵҲں̽ͷʵ
ߵɽʲôˣ𲰲迴ų⣬ӦһЩӦǹԸİ취Ҳǹ⵽췣ɽѾȫ򣬽·Ѿҳ岻ȥȻҲ㣡
ЩᣬץסʱȴԷﾹȻʲôӲģæͷһȴԷĻȴҲֻͨƤѡ
ʱЩϸҲϾ˼ȵֳ裬ȥûбܹõˣܲɣ
ʱٶȻ׵磬쳹ء
׵ڳ˵𲰲żеǵĴ㵣Ҳг⾪תΪ֡
ʼѾ˺ܾˡ

ɫ˲߯ʾѪɫ˲ɷޱȣֻ̧ۣԶĵͫ˦𲰲֣Ѿɽӹȥ
𲰲״æϡṦѷɫڳ⣬ǿβӶɽ£ɽǰ
ɽѾʱ£ٶѸȳУȴһϸУ˼ȴżûͣɿǰС
ݱ⳹˾룬׹ⱻȥæҲŴ֮С˴֮µǱ򽹵أҲĴ׷ɵѩĭвʿʬ壬еĵװҲʿݱüĿһƬǽѩ
ڣѰĿֹͣһӰϸѩϡ
·ͨ𲰲æǰȴûһ͵ǰ
𲰲ҽһֻԺ˲һƬհףͬʱǹεһǹԼıЦϵӿļ䡣
ƫƫʱ򡭡𲰲谴סͷ­ķȥȴǵӰѾĵķΧ
УѾкѹѹĻ֣γ׹²ϢȻһ׹¡
׹£һ𣬽ϣӰ֯Ľ׹Ȼײ
ҫ۵ĹâԿһгӿ׹䣬׹¡
顪д˵ĺ
䡪شһƽը
Ѿף﷥췣
𲰲һĿ¶һ˿־壬ͣæϻԵˣɿȥ
ɿسˣȳĳȴڲͣĴ
ĴƱøŨܣٶܾ۵׹⣬ʱٶѹ£ȴһһڴĴһӰ
ӰڵĵطѾǽвʮ߱ýڵʬ壬иӰģҲиӸߵģѾĿȫǡڵĵطȴһյػϸѩѩᣬѩȪ۲ͣӿɽڡ
ϣѪˮһһ븽ĽС
ӰǰѾȫʪҲһӰ
˾վţüĿȻ
аɫĹɢ


130 ʶͨ
飡ᵽɤ, һߺŶԷ֣һڵĵطٷӡ
Ӱƺ˳, ȻԭŵĿսز, Ȼ̧⴦
ſԭڰӰѾȫѪµӰÿһ, ϱи׹ĶӺһһڡ
Ʋ׹Ĵڣ춥Ũ, ԭܾ۵׹һ޴׵磬ڰɫ£ҫĿĹâ
׽Ҫˣ
ϣѾов֧ٽٵϵĻ, ˿¾ͻҷġ
ⲻҪĽ
ͫɲǼνۣƴ߳ȥ
䡪䡪䡪ٶȴŭйĿ׵ӿѹ档
ٹ˲, һ˷ϣֱӴӵգ, һ޴ɡ״֣ײµ׵硣
䣡׵ײ׵˲䷢̡, ܣͬʱסҲƬƬʼѣѸ߽⡣
౻׵УԭĺҲȼ棬ֱ۱׵̴ĵط˲䱬ѣƤ⡣һƬհףĵȴԸϵռͷ

ԸԼ£ҲǸһ·߹Ľ¡
̧ͷͷǵ׹⣬ԭƤҲѸѿӣѪѷвٶȳһе˵£ֲķ
䡪ȻһҲӲסȥ׽٣ڳ飬µĺ²ƵӰ׵壬췣׹⸲Ƕ
׹ֳࣵ塣


谵У׽ٺƵ£췣˼࣬ȻҲ췣ҪմĺɫӰѹΪ촷֮ʱǺȻǹ̾ϣһһ׹⣬ʼ޸ų塣
ԭƤǹʶһһϣԭıѵӣǹӹ»ָԭ״̬
󣬳ⲻʵ۾Ȼһǹ⣬Ѹٸסۿ
¸ڿУ̧֣̼ǧǹ⻪Ȼţ»һĹĻҪ׹׹³
׹еͣͲǰ
⡱ۿϵĲʧİ׹⣬ȴֻһɨ̧֮ʱǹƽգ۾գ۾ȫκεС
췣֮ʱиǿҵ׵粻ͣ£һһεشĹĻ֮ϣֻǸղ鶼δ֡
Ļˣܿ챻µǹⲹϣͬһ·Ѿب֮ãеֲԼ
ģԭԿɫʼ΢΢
ȻǹҲʼ
еǹҲر䱡üûпϵĺӰҲûпָ壬ֻߵɫ
ʲôҲûУֻϡһ
Ҳõһˡ͵͵ĻӳĿе˵ƽʱȫͬκεС
䡪Ҳڴʱһ׽ٶȺȻֱ£ǹĻ֮ϣǹȻɢĻ׹ײ֧顣
˲ָ׹Ⲩϳĺӿ׹䡣
۾ãȻؿߵǹͷϷʧ
еһȫʧĵֻӦʲôڷɿš
⣡ãʱ˵ײײǰһס塣
̧ۣȴǽѪӡ˵ŰѪüҧģҡΣˤڵϡ
ϣа׹Ȼһһʧ
⡢顣æӵվȴظоͷһ
һ㶣æ̧ۿŽ飬ȴ֣Ҳ
ߡ
ļأкȻһ˿ԭȴ͵ȥ
СҪ飡ԭվʱƿһɶľ롣Ҳƿͬʱһ׹ڽأ˺ѶĤ졣
ɫӰѸٱɫ׹⸲ǡ
飡ֻͬ˺һ㣬ֻǰĿ׹֣ԭеʶ룬Ժѹѹذ
ǰʲôٶ˻ԡ
ϣʬ鲼û˵ϢΨб׻ð̣ʾױҰ
Ũڳױ䵭ϡɫȴɻޱȻ谵иѩ췣ĺۼ
ѩзĺ紵ƽ׷ɡϣһɫӰڵϣϥϲͣŰ׹⣬ѩƣϵشӵУʧڷѩ
׹ŵ÷ɿ죬ʱƿʼ١
Ȼ˵
ֳˣ
ҿɴֳ棬ǼһȻ㣬ȴǸˣЩ군
£һأֳǸһ
ٺ٣˵ҲǣֳͷۣйʦҲӦӲʱҪĻģÿ˶һ
˵ʲôأϸѡʦҵֳʬףͻƽ
ǣ

洫Ųɽеʿ۴Ѱ
ʿ죬ԭϥǵĺɫӰشӵվϸһЩѩмûдȴãȻؿܡ
ܵĻһƬģкڰϵʴߡ
ŷ˻ȻæĴѰڿԶڵϵĺӰ
ǳ⡣
һ˿ϲɫæһȻźϺϣȴκ
һ¡
ٶãȻؿܣֻŵװʿԱ߿Щʿ˵ʲôȻֻģģнԶ
ϣа׹ڼʧ
·֪Լ״˰ҧһһȥ
ǰԽԽڣߵߡ
ŵ˴ʱ۾˯ţؿţû뿪
Ŀ¶ǧ벻ᣬַ̧ӣȻЦ
ˣ
ǲֳ𣿡
ԣǺֳ裡ҿϣ

ĵʿ̷վĽͳ⣬һһŵǹ
ɱֳ衣
ɱǣƽ
ԣǰǵͷȥ͡
еǹϵͽкȥҲڴʱȴһذٿȻɳ˲סϮĵ
ףҲʲô⣿
һľƵذף̵ֵģԵһе
ҵ˼ǣ
ƽʱʱççײײ
ҺϲҲһҵĶԽһһúصġ
ľذͣڵʿд󣬽ѪʿĲҽϣһʼֳ˷ܽ˾֡
Ѿʲôˡ
⣬ǰţͣֻгⴹǰ
ϣһ׻
ھش׻ջĿ⣬ѩǰ
ҰѾ׹ںڰ


131 
ٶһƬڰ, ܱ߻磬ͣʶ³, Ļε壬ڰԨק
ĿռʶҲ֪, ˮ̤ˮ, һһƣһһسӯĸй١
ɵ۾, ҰǺɵأһϤĹ⣬
ɢǵأһռ, ڰĹУȻ׹ջأٵɢȥ
۾, ãؿźڰâȻʶ˭ģȻԺ䡣
ڰ֮һƬˮ, ʱƬˮ汻ǹ羵Ӱ㵹ӳӰ
̤ˮ棬ͷԼˮĵӰ, ϡǼ򵥵ĳ̵ķͣ͵һʱһģһ
Ȼʱǰȴòһˡ
ǰǹۣâȴǰ̫࣬ѾؿԷ
վǰѾǷԲ򣬻һΡεӰϻǹڲɢȥûйâֲ
⿴ŶԷڿ˵Է֡
վŵӰǽԼǿдĳһʱ򣬻һִ
׾ѣ˵Զʱֳǰ
ӰǹӰӰ´£˵Ǻǰһľûκθ飺⣬һνԺұ㲻ˡ
㲻㲻룬ȴֹסһԷҪȥģ
Ҳ֪Ӧޡ
ü
֮ˡϵǹⲻͣɢڰ֮УûͣѾתԶĺڰȥ
Ҳˡ
ǹõ̧ۿȥֻˮŵıӰͷ򵥵˿ȴѾ켰棬ӰЩϤϴſۣ°ˮϹһˮơ
Ӱؿʼڰʴ⿴ų뿪ıӰ̲סʰǰϣǹ׷ʣȵȣ㻹ûΪʲôҪҴ
ҵҲ֪ΪʲôĽŲ΢΢ͣ٣ȴûת˲ľʹ뷽跨ǰɡ
̤ˮ棬׷ϳȴѾϡ
Щֲ͵˵һʰŲǰȥ߱ߵ϶Ȼѣô쳤ؾã飬ϸûʲôԶ
ԽԽ۾ҡô죿ұԶ׼뿪𣿡
ĬȻ
ӰѾ͸ûͣѾʣµ㡣Ժǻ޹ء
쵰޿̣ں׷۾ˮ£ıץȥ
彩˽ڴ۱ϡ
žԭˮߵĹӰ˲ɢǹˮµط裬ӵĺڰɡ
ͣĵطʲôٴڣˮֻʣһ㲨һһƽ
һץգ̤ϳʧĵطãȻؿߣͻȻ벶׽ǹ⣬ȴߵԽԽ
ǸһȻˡ
קʱ˵ֱ׳ԼƭתһȻôԼ硣
һеĸԴȻߵͻȻ
ؿǰǹ⣬صˮϣܱؿڣһһس󣬳׳Ϊޡ
Ǹ쵰
㵽˭
Һ÷룬һϹϸԭ𣿡
ˣ˭֪ҵĴڰ
Һͽ顢Һͽָô죿

ռŵûٻش
۾
ûгĹ⣬һطڻعڻ硣ˮһһεˮУˮ沨ذΧ˵塣
зǺڰ֪޾⿪ʼоϵ⣬Լڶ类Ĵʹ
˵ĽŲٻǰţѩǰУһûһµط̤ѩ
µڶ˶ϵıѩ۾
۵ǰããѩؼвãѩƮ䣬һһڰɫĵϡѩտһƬû٣Ҳû޼
ụ̂ȴѩ滺ߡ
еúûһͣһʰȥһĽŲǳǳѩµĽӡӡһ㰵ɫѪܿ챻ѩ
飿Ŀڱϡ
ϴź£ǽװ˴ʱһһǰţϤĺӡС
̫ˣû¡
췣ٵʱ򣬳Ϊ鵲ס׽٣Ա㲻ʡ¡Ľ£û뵽ʱĵһۿľǶԷ
û£̫ˡ
¶һ˿ϲɫüͷ΢ǰ̲ססǰ
黹ڼǰߡ
ĽŲľֻеƺûвŵ˵ѡ
飿һ㶣˽
ɳɳɳɳشǽŲѩ·ûлӦҲûлͷֻǿǰĵ·ڵǰС
ӿǵϲһһȥʱ·һˮͷף紵ĺ嶼ԽԽ䡣
ؿĲֻĶѪѾ紵ɸɺԡ
Ȼһٻʱȴһ׹⣬ڽļʧڷѩС
׹һʼ֪״ʲôֱĿóʧ
飬㡢ôˡæʵʱѾͣز
黹ûлش
飬æһ£˭֪׵شӽ顱һѩ
ѩѩǺ˿ѩĭڵæٶȿ顣
鱻ڱϵĶƵǰ˼ȴվǰ˼
ĶеѾû˸еʶ
ؿŽĶۿ졣
ԭǰŵĲȴڴʱ΢΢һ٣ת
ڼ˽ڵӣֻȻȫѪɫţΨһ˫۾ŬţǰĿȴ޽㡣
û˵ɢĽΣȴһֱڿڵķ
顣ֻ֣ѩϼѵվķȥߵһȴȻͣסŲֵؿԼ˵ʱİ
ںĵطµ˺˵ʱϢ
ʱϢȴûС
鱳һ·Ӧñǡ
಻Ͳ˲ѾȻʱҲ˵κλæڵĵطȥ
ԭվ屻Ȼ˵˲ȥѩϣȴۣͨһŽ壬һַסıģϵĺ
Щǳ
ûзӦ۾ţëѩزš
΢
飬㲻ߡߣ𣿡ȵˮжⱧŽѵ
ûлشڲţȴѾʼϡ


132 ֮
ɫǻɵ, ûһ˿Ҫͣѩĺۼˮͣصڽ۽ǺձߣƵڼžѩﲻͣ
, 㲻ߣʹȥҽʦ
, ңҡ
, ҡҲ뿪
û˻شֻнʹ۾ƽպͱ塣
ϹˮĵرŽ, ̧ۿԱߵıѩأȴԼ֪ĸߣܹνĵط
ɫӰϵ·ѾƲãؿǰ磬ֻʹ˺ѷ, ҧҧǿжԼλãʰǰ
ѩԭ˼Ѿѩס, µġǳǳӡ
ѩܴ󣬲ãİɫֻзһһƬ硣
ͷ­ڳı۾Ȼ̧̧, նų򥣬ƺʲôĿ
ֻһϢ֮顣
ԭĿְܿȥ, ȵⴹ׿֮ʱͷѾǵѩر۾û
顭⿴ˣҡҡλεѩһ
ļԼһμʱ˾̶ߣɫӰ׷ڣ¼ŵزϴӰ纮ˮ
һ۽硣
ٵɽѲ顢Ƕϰһֱغ֮ݵλ⣬ȴǲͣسߣݵλСʳůҪģǲͣظ衭
ܲԼ׷ĸԴ뿪Էȴû뵽гһգĽ顭Ҳǻ뿪ġ
Ȼ壬ȻԴԴϵϲͣͳסһϢʰǰϵѰߡ
ǰʱ򣬽ǻְ취һΣҲһҪ취
һҪ취
Žһ·ǶУѵطѩأϵѩľһɽֺ󣬿ԶĴ̡
췣ɽλű롣ų뿪֮ʱѾ޷ֱ淽ֻһӵĵİΧͻΧзűλýȻ෴ж߻֪Լпɽķ򡪡ͽ鶼Ѿˣʱ۷Ϸһ·Ž뿪ķټǰУһ·ҵһ䡣
űĵطѾǵĹϽķΧ⿴֮಻ұ¶Լݣֱݣģ
ͽڣһϷ޿캮ضӿſ㷢Ľͽһ
̱Žũҵİס˷ѩߵ¶Ȼů˺ܶ࣬Էʯæ鰲ڴλϣһֻεصסģ̫Զ
ɲǰ취ķ޴ˮܵôˣѩñ뾡ɾ壬ȻϼˣΡ
ǰ˵ʱ򣬶ǽչˣȵѻ֮ʱƶѾ˴룬Ҳûоʱļ䡣£ȴ޴뵽֪ԼӦʲô
ԭһ˻ôѡ
⿴ŽûѪɫɬ۾ֿʼʪ
æĨ۾Ӧ˼ȥ⿪·
·˲Ѫ󲿷Ѿɺԣеճ£·ѪģһƬֳ췣汻׵Ѫ⣬гӳ֣ڵĳûһƤáܵ췣ڳ֮ǰȻһֱ׽٣Ҳ֪׵¼˶ãѾ˺ֻۣδŵǺ£ɫֲѡ
֮Ѿ˺ۣԭˮһ㱻ϴ졣
⿴ļ£ֽű׾ΨŪ˽飬ȴԼϴЩȥԺͻ۵˿ڣȴǾ۾ûκεķӦ
־ش࣬·Ѿ޹ء
ĬĬԷ֣⿪Էϵ֣ȴֽ⿪ֱϻ䣬һͼ
ڽСǺֳϵġһͬһط֪һ顱֣Ըýȥ
ֵĴȴ
һ⡱֡
ȻԼϿԼ֡
㶵ؿţüٶֲۼ䡣
ɵӱܽ飬޷߳ͽӰ±ԼϿֵĴ࡭뿪ˣȴһֱڵ
GСӣôö˶˵ľͿˣԱϸ
ҡҡ˵˼˻ʵһͿ
ܵ˳ڻпͲˡϸԱ߶ҲҪڰҿܵҲֲ˶ˣϲҪġ
ν˽ְץ֣˲ϽüҡҲġ
ϸִֻ֣ҡҡͷѪˮ˳ȥ㵹
Աߵϴүˣ̾˿СӣܵǵòҽҽΣȷʵǲˣǴСҪȥûҽʦܲܵ
ڴϵĵܵݿ£Ŀڴһȣ˭ΪѾˡִֵ֣᲻Լ뿪ϴү롣
ϣںδԣŹϴүķ
Ͷ޴ʱ򣬻ѳƽԼĵܵܡͽ£һǱڳ̬ȳϿңټĴӣû˻ǵݡ
ϴүѯʣָָӺҽݵķ
ҽʦܹ˲ˣСҩȵǰæκáĵͷûҽʦܹ黹һϣæһһ£ֲĵظһֳάֺŻԼѾòĺ£ϴүһ£æ·
ڴʮﴦⲻӣǿṦ·ȵ֮ʱɫѾʱϵѾ٣ֻվڳǿڣŲĻָָ㣬һۿȥܿͿֳФ
֪֮淢ʲôһֱǰУܿ췣󣬹ְ˶Ƕ˽Χ¡ĻʵۣϵĿֳȴα˧ֺ͹ܴ棬Ҳ϶֪ǰУѾ˵ĵķΧڵľڳ͡
ͽͬʱ£Ŀ»ҡиڣӦڶʱڲʲô顣
̧ۿ޶ûֻͣǿٵһҵ̵䵱Ʒ
֮ǰΪ˽̫Ǭ⣬о֮ʱϱûдκҪΪҽʦóﵽǮ
ֵǮĶҲûж١
̵ϰ忴䵱˴ŴֲѣԭЩԷóĶɫԭ˱䣬æϸоһ£̧۳˳⡣
һ֮£ģûͦ
ȷģ̵һ׻ʵ
ֵǮ㿪ۣպء
˻̵ֳ˳⣬ɫͻȻøĪⶫҿˣȷʵⶫ֮ӡǵĶֵ˶Ǯš
̵˳ǰĴֲƽٺЦ˼


133 ҽ
ӡǣü, ˲뵽֮ǰ⸱׻󱻵͵ߵʱ򣬵ǵķӦҲ֡
ʲôһ
ǵ̵ϰã, Ѿ죬ǺЦû, ҲֵʮӣӡǸֵǮ, ֵʮӡҿŪҲͦףʮˡ
һ˵һ߽׻ͷ, յһ룬ѾͷһѿסľֱӽԷְڹϣûԼ׻
ۣ˭Ҫʲô̵ϰֱһߣΪж, Ҳȥ߶
ȴûйĺ캰أ, һԲؿŻĬ˻ᣬ۾ӡ
ȷſҡϣ͡ڻ棬̵ܿû뵽˿ȥǿ׳־ȴó, æ
֣һץ̵͵ƣᷭ׻
͵˸Ĺ, ۷ڿһֻİ۱ߣڣдһС֡
ڷĻʱڽڳԡԸΪʼһ֡
Ըһ

ҽг

ǣǳþõĳƵ

ֻн֪ԼǼΪԼϵ֡
ٶȸֳɽ⿴͵µּٶȱʪģ뵽鵱Լ޹⸱ԸϣչЦǺܿĵӡ
ǵĽһǼԸŽ⸱һֱߣΪõ鿴ŽŻ͹Լİɡ
ʱû顣
˵õҪ飬ȴǽΣʱƳΣ֮⡣
ⴹۣεץ׻
˵ô£̵˿ųⱳԼ˰죬ŤԼҸ㣬Ͼһҵ̣ؾû꣬Ҫǲɾʹ˰
˵ţ̲ס䵽ϵĻһۣ¶ѵĿ⡣
⻤һǼֵƣǰ̵ĶóҲδֵһֻǣҲǱˣ˵Ļǡءѹ۵⡣
ֻҪͼ۸㵽֣õسת϶ܹдһʡڵԺǰٻֻ꣬Ҫװһ֪˷˲ɡ
ţŶ˵Ļظȴһѽ͵ƷŻԭλ۵졣
̵ϰһ㶣ٿǰʱȴǻȻѾԼϡ
㡢㲻ˣȥʣҲǳߵġϰһ㶣̷ӦǼҲǱƵģʮҪҲʱߡ
˵ͷͷǵȴǰ۾ӱﴫһĺͷҲصؾȥ
ʮʮܳɰɣϰֺ
ûлӦɫȻ뿪̣ӵĵ·ϴǰС
׻ΨһֵǮĶʵҲѾٽȥ䵱ˡ
ϰ𣬳ûᡣ
ҽݾǰ棬ȻûǮܻа취˸ҲҪȽ顣
ֻϣҸܹҽνҽʦ
ּӿٶȣҽȥյſת֮ʱҽȴһߵļǣһҩģûɲסŲ
˵һ棬顱һײš
ĸ۵ĸײңҽͷҩʱڵأ˷˻һ죬˰ԼĶͷ̴ŭ
ؿں˼ĿڶԷϡ
˴һϤ֮䡭
𲰲裿̾
ݱ𲰲űرʮͻȻʱţǴͻȻУԼųµ
ʱΣûй˼𲰲飬˾ȻҲϣ
ֳ裡𲰲豾Լҩ˴룬ֱ̱ٿʱɫһ䡣
˸ԿϵҩģֶŶԷ
һ˿ľĬ𲰲ȶҽȥ
ôܻ𲰲뿪
ߣⷴӦѸ٣𲰲Ҫ룬Ṧ׷ϡٶȶǳѸ٣ĳһһ׷ݱһסԷĺ졣
ȿȡ𲰲貱ӱסǺ죬ֻͣ½Ųصؿ˼ڿֳ裬ûʲôɣ
ûʲôץ𲰲󲻸˿иٵöҽһңӦҲβ

𲰲豾ʹ򲻹⣬ͽ͵ڿһЦβ˭Ĳӣǽˣ
𲰲֮ǰԽԵĵ⣬ü첻ˣκұ뿪
𲰲״ɫ˽Ļ漴Цںңҵ̬ȣ
ֻҪκҳ㷢䡣
𲰲㵵̧ͷ۳⣬ԷϤİϸֿ˶Էһۣڿʵ޹ˣ
⣺
ݱ𲰲裡
һΪʯͷġ𲰲迴ų⽩ס飬Цôһˣ
ֻ𲰲軰лʱû˼ϸ֣۾ֱʵ 𲰲裬Ȼǲȣ
𲰲Իسһ֣泩ֻЦɳڿеȥ
״ͣŶԷȥų죬һһҲ˽һʱĳ飬еǲСȶǽ𲰲شС
ʱѾҹĵƻ䣬Ϸ򸾵ԺһƬڰֻнķﻹϡһ⡣
ɿ𲰲
𲰲ŻһԼľ磬ԱߵļªԺӣĿ¶һЩеϲ߱ЦǾסʱתֳ衣
üûӦ𲰲裬ȴͻȻסؿڣסһߵͣͷ˿Ѫ
𲰲Ѿнڣûп״
ճѪһ˿Һڴϣվԭش˿ſٵزȥϵѪ߽ڡ
𲰲Ѿվ˽Ĵߡ
ʱѾһ·ϴŵİɫ£Ϸص׼Ĵţɫƽûڴϡ
𲰲վԱ߿طƤһַۣԷ£鿴ơ
ûзӦǱٿصż
𲰲迴ˣһ־ڽӡôһ㡣
а׹⽥ӽϸ
ôˣ⿴׹⣬̲ס𲰲ʵ
𲰲־ʰԼͷŽ˵߰ţϵͦصģһʱ֮䵹ǳʲô⣬ֻ
𲰲ȷʵЩ£ܹ֪Լ˽顣䣬ȴ͵ٶ
ֻʲô׷ʵ
𲰲迴˳һۣԭҲƵسֻѾɢˡκˣֻúǰһʶͨ


134 ޵
ʶͨյǺǰἰ˵, 񲻾ǿڲԡǲšⲻͨƽֻ·ķˣ
˪ĺ, ʱӡ
ô᣿зãȻؿŽ顣
ô᣿ǰǸҪģ, ؽҲǱĥġѵ͸İ׹ڽǰ΢Ź⣬𲰲迴, ЦҪܲ⸱ӣȰ֣Ҳߵһ㡣Ȼպ, ѿûʶҲڸѿ
ߡ⿴ŽϤĲ˸飬æص, Ҷߡ
˵һ㶣ֻԼеĻʶʱ뿪ʱ, Ҳ˵
˷ǣ˵⻰˾ȻԼ
ܵ
𲰲ЦһȤؿų⡣
֪𲰲ʱڿԼЦ, æסʹƿڵ𲰲裬㲻ҳ, ҳϽҺܣ޲ԼΪֻܹҪܰңҪʲôұʲô
˵Ѿ䣬𲰲ֳôãÿÿ·磬ֳʱҧгݣγ䣬𲰲ʱֺȻɺ˳һۣµһˣǽ¼ϵһ˸ͽϲˣĸߺѽ
𲰲˵ǹеǻüô𲰲æȴԷһ̧һѾ̧ȥ󷢴ϵŵ
塣Ϸһ졣
Ȼϵİ׹Ȼһ¡
ǣĿʱ𲰲е
вصл塣𲰲ҡһǵһĶٻ飬䲻ѧһ⣬ͬԴӦûܻһɢꡣ
˵вصһãһһߡ
־ϲ𲰲衣
Ҳ˵̫磬֪в񣬿϶Ҳᡣ𲰲˵ţЦл֮ɱȲ
ܵȷʵ죬Һܼ̳ܿвءгֵס췣ͽ¶Ѿ
ס췣Ĵۣǳš
üֻؿܷƣһѪӿϺͷĸæ¿еζڵǻǱᣬұȥ
𲰲һ㶣´һĳ⣬¶һ˿ζЦݣǿԣҲ¹Ӧ˰ӣûеһļ䣬ϾһĪر˴ġ
⣺𲰲ֺȻִȡá
ĬĬסûл죬ֻǽضŽ顣
𲰲迴ԵһûзӦЦͷ۽飬ûԥһҡһҧָ⣬ڽ»Ѫ
Ѫвһ㣬ɫ⣬ֺԭڽİ׹ʱؽڡ
⣬Ҳһǵİ׹Ʈ
黹ţͷУû˿ɢڼղ࣬ϵ֮԰˼֣ǰ׹Ļع鲢ûѣҲûɫһ㡣
𲰲迴л鿪ʼع飬ջǰлѾˣĻܵ󷨸٣ع顣
鵱췣֮°׹Ҳ֪ɢ˶ãһ׷ʵҪò
ҾͲ֪ˡ𲰲
ÿʣ¶ٻ䡣ֻάʮ죬ӵˣٻصҲͶٻأٲصľҲٲء
ĬսȭɿŵлˣȽˣұ㡣
ߣǿؽĹ⣬Űæٻꡣ𲰲һһʯͷ˭Ҫ㣿Ҳôϡ
⣺ɫٶһ
𲰲½ǰͣ˦һҳֽҸ·ͨķӣƤ˿ں·ͨƣҩС
סֽţһȻҩ֡
·췣һ̫ͻȻ顢̳£⼸ûϢ˼˵أʱ΢΢Ȼ
˵ɽ췣ʱ𲰲Ҳᵽ·ߣ˵ΪҵԼ
𲰲ȴûлشֻǴǹһ˿мЦתȥʱҲˣҲвţûȥˡ
ûӰг䣬˼ӰȻһݣѾɿԶȥ
ֻĻ졣
ҩվһڵͷֽۺãŽ½ߵſڣϷŵסĺ
ֻʣͽ顣Ϣü¶
ؿŽ飬ʰƣĽŲһһߵߣڴ¡
ûģʱüĿƽͣ۾ë׵Ӱƽֻע˺ܾãŷǰлϢ
Сñӣڽ˺һᣬ̧֣ա
飬ѹɡһڷ
ѹֻҪ㲻ҡ
Ǳһɡ
ƣڿյС
͵Ƶƹ£چһϨҹ׽١
տ罥ֹͣмƬѩڷ衣Ŀߣ˸ſ˯ƫƧĴׯϷǵİ׹ƯҹƮ
*
ĵٽıСŸĴɽ˹磬߾սҸ룬ûܵսӰ졣յĺս߾߷⣬͵ĵˡͽŴɽ·Ϊŵ㡣
ɽɽƸӣѩ·ټϱ߾ѣпΪȷȫ׷׹Ӷھֵʦл͡ھʦԽоԽܻӭԽԽΣھ˸ռʦֺãȽʮܸп͵
ռʦֽǸüĿ꣬ھֲ£÷ˮ𣬲п͵ҪͣɷѡǣȻӶ࣬ÿпҴææظϣǿؽԼȭʦûھͱΪɣֱӸؾˡ
һȥģھҲвʦۺ졢桢͵ġ
˵ʦôãȥʳͣôǻؾһӣͬеһʦؾ˿̵ĺ⣬̲סʵ
ʳͻǶʦ룬ҲͼСӾȻֱӻؾ
ڵҪչˣ߲ؽԼߵʦƽ£ԱߵʦʦһҪæջص˵Ǯϴһ߷֣Һȡ
գһԷǮͬеʦЦǺǵùƣСˬ죬ģǮ϶һֲٵظ
ֻЦЦ
µ˼ºͬʱڵģԵĽص뵽йڣͽʱȥٶȳΪԷĿꡣ
һղͽͲȫֱҰڵġ
ͽڻǼϷ޵ĴׯΪ˼һֱ߶ӣ˷ʦĹǮһϷ޼޵ķãһ߾ȴѡ
ݱϴιл꣬Ѿжʮʱˡ
лҪ˵飬СС


135 
ʮ, һֱݱ䷽黻ҩԶ򣬽ӵĵҲǶ;, սͷ飬ת޵Ĵ, δһͱʦ޹
ѺںͳĹһʼͬеʦз飬;һѺڵʦ, ԼǮĿָ˷ֳɣʦ, ʼۺͼһʦˡ
ĬԣٺھֵʦôڱۣҲûЩ˿
ڳԣĵǽ
ϵ˿Ѿȶ, ɫҲ˺ת췣֮ɢ˴, 󲿷ֵʱ䶼ڻ˯Ψһ죬żȻ۾ؿǰ
ն, ڽǰ̽ӣֽ۾ֻţκζ
Ȼݱ˵, ûʶ
ݱԤƵһһƽ״̬ȴǺǰһҲ֪ʮ죬Ƿܹ
Ѿ׼⿴֮ʱﻹһܡ
信ݣǰÿһȻע֮ʱܻŵЦؿԼǳĺÿ
ڣǻͬ棬֧顣
һںʰһСϸѩҵĨ飬ڵĴׯȥ
ڲԶаľ룬ڵδʱ㽫ʹصʱȫṦȵ˰ص㿴˼Ҵ
㣬ѾԳˡ
һˡһϷԺʣһߴкһķȥ
ϻŴѺڵϵСʳ͸Ϸ޵ġ
ڰģԭһֱڼũϷ޲ûлӦΨмֻȦļѼ˹ų롣
Ժûˡ
һߣһЩ죬ʶչܿ췢ֲԺûˣŵķҲûϢ
һҪȷʶȴ
ҵĽŲ
С㿴ģܹͦﻶӭġոڴڵʱǴĴ廨ڶءŲһģϸԽԽ˵
ͽϸ˳ˣ
΢΢죬ȴĽŲ˵һԱ׾ĽŲ˵˻ϴү
廨Ǵ峤ҵСŮƽʱ۽ߵúܣô׳СӶƲ۵ġٺ٣Сɲ

˵ĽŲ𣬵û˻شϷ򸾵ֻǾ·
ϸûн𻰣ź˵ζСȻôܸɣҲ϶
Ϸ򸾵ĶԻ΢΢һ㶣ת⿴ȥȴźȻ򿪣ϸһ˽в߲˺⣬ǸոմӼϼ
ŶȻû뵽ԺѾվŸꡣһǳԺЦкС㿴ⲻ𣿡
С
㵵ϸȥֻſڴһɫӰǰϴŵһɫ֯ƳΧһɫƤëƵΧʱҲ
µòٱ񳣬һѻİѩһϢ¸ߣһֱڴδѹĽ顣
⼸Žգܹƽ£Ҳλӵʱ̣ڽͻȻվǰ⾹һ˿һ˿㱣ִһš
龹Ȼѹˣʲôʱѵģôˣ
ʵĻڳĺ㶵ؿŽ飬ȴ̧Ŀ⣬һգգؿԼ
ӴⲻССǾ˵Ͽ϶ߣһźòãϴүҲ⣬˵
û˵ֻǿų⡣
ϴү״һѷס뽫˴
һһԼʶǰһĻЩ죬ϴүĻ͸¶һ˿Ծһݣæʵ첮ôˣǡ
㣡Ҫϳſʼ˵ˡѾԺϸѯʣһĶһߵ뿪Ժûãܾܵ˹һ߳ԺӣͶ뿪ķҿҺͷֵüʱȻܾܵҪܳˡ
һ㶣ͷԱߵĽ飬ȴĬŲûпڣֻĿתɲиؿԼ
˻磬Աߵ첮˼±˵ûܵܿȰطϢôҪһ˴ĴȡҺϰ鿴Ųǰ취ȥس㣬ȥھִѾȥˣֻôܵϵļй䡣
ϵ·ڹ伯еʱġ⵱ʦ׬Ǯ٣󲿷ֶϷճ֧첮޼ͷǮн࣬Žȥ˲÷̣ĵܸܵ˼·
ȥ˲÷Ҳûʲô۹⡣ǲ÷쿴Ժ۾һƼ˼ﶬİɫԴǮҲʣ޼鴩źÿ˰塣
ٺǹ伯УŽشӣ·峤ŮЩ˻ʱϸ˵һ顣
һһܿ콫뿪Ժһ顣
û뵽ʱѹһʱаٸн
ѣ̫òˡ
˵ܵϸ˵ʲôʱ򣬻ֹסų֡
΢΢һ㶣ߵϸߡ
ϸſ˽һۣѹָָԼţڳߵܵǲ⣿
̣Ϊʲôô˵пһ¡
ϸ̾˿ѰˣǸ㲻ڵʱɣܵôȰҪ㡣˵ֲ˵ֲϵ·һߣⲻڻڴ̣Σգһи̣Ǹô죿
ὲ𣿡Ȼ
ܵǰῪ˵ֵϸȻ
⣺
ʶͨȷʵһʶǿڲԣڻھۻʱ򣬿ѹҲǿõѣܿҲûлָ
ǻ˵϶Ằһ䡰⡱ġ
ֻĿڷᣬͷ飬ȴײĿ⡣һվʴֱֱؿԼĿײûһ˿һĻرܣĿĽŶûΡ
ǰӲô̹׵ؿԼ
ҵܵܡҪһʱ䡣Լ
Ҳǡܴܵ󲡳Ǹúúòӡϸ۳⣬ܿЦҲ̫ģܵܿ϶ǽȥ˵⣬Ȼ͸ܵ
л̡æ
ҲºǿҿʱҲˣҲúܵһ𲹲ϸЦŰ֣ȥ˳
첮ϰշҲȥղ
Ժֻܿʣ³ͽˡվڽһǰ·ϵѩǽݰɡ

Ժ⿴Žڰգվһᣬץס֣ŶԷȥ
۾ͷ㵵ؿԼ̧֣ۿıӰ۽˼£ü΢䣬ԭЦݡ


136 
ܿˡ
ʹϷѾ, ǽѻĵһ죬Էصذ, ĵϴл
Ա߻ϸصسС, ƽռӵũѾǳʢ
ŽһϷ򸾵л, ʢ
鰲ڳֱţܵشʮԲѾһȦ, ǴŰɫ·ģҲʮ
ȿԶһ㡣Ҳ֪ڵĽûлָȡϣڽǰ
û˵, ֻǿųĶĿųеƵԼǰ
ϸЩĭл
ǰ, ǸݵģҲҪಹС󲡳͸˵ˡ
Ǹһ׳׳ӡ
Ϸ޸͵ָķЩˡ
ũҲȻʹ, ʲô鶼ԷҲĳ, ˶֪ݣֻѵֵչˡ
ȴûжֻǵüķ˺ԱߵȴǺ͸࣬ûõ
ûʲôԷ
Ϸû뵽ǰķ޶ԣЦ΢΢ϡ
Ҳһ¡֪ǻʵۣȴΪ֮ܲܳԵùķˡϰϰ룬Լ꣬һڴᴵһڣζŶԽС첮յĲ˲Գ
һ˵һ߿Ž飬ȴĿ΢΢𣬿׵ֿ֣Լ
ʲô˼ֶס
黹ڿ֣Ŀһ˿ηӣϵĺʶһ£ʵĶ
⣺Ȼе׽Ҫʲôˡ
ɢ󣬻ǲȱѾǰ̣ûǵС¶ǵչԼ˼롣
ĬĬؿһԲΣڻף͸ղһҨ׷ᴵ˼ˮڽĴǰ
͵͵ؿųݹףȻûپܾü΢䣬ܿ죬һ
Ҳ֪̫ǿԼѾˮգЦ¶ڴؿԼ
𼱣һһںȡ״æ
˵ͷ۾ǣֳһڳιķˡ
ڷһףҳһڣԱߵ첮ϸĿɿڴҪ֪⼧ĵܵͿŶѾ꣬ԭΪǸһܹʳ꣬ȻҪüιʵǳ˵ϡ
⼧ĵܱܵƾͺأ֮ǰϵʱ߲ӸոѹֽҲȷʵ̫жҪĵչˡǼֳģչ˵ϸġ
ֵöܱ£һĻȻ⣬ȥͦгġ
ܵе㰡ԱߵϸֵôɵЦ
ǰֵܸ治
ûлش𣬿ŽسԼҨʳɬȻЦЦ
ͽϷ޲֪ǲֵܣ֪ʵĻʵۡ
ʧ£鲻ǻʵۣһǸԼһȼɵˡ֮Ի⸱ӣûкԼŵԣý顣
һֱνȴûĳ£ڵ˽Բѣ޴롣
ȻԼһ˵ʱ򣬽Ҳһһ׵ιԼҩʱԹϲչˣɵڴϵĶʮҲѧ·߽̽ķιҩ˻ҲǺȣԼ֪ȥҪôźá
չһѣǰ˵ʱ򣬽ǲҲһ
⿴ŽʼûƿԼĿ⣬۾ʼʡ
ɫѾҹڵԣа׹ع壬Ϸƶûпһʰ˷ʹԵĲĿʼ
Ž˵ķ䣬黻ҩһ߽⿪ϵıһ߽ҩͿĨھɰϣʽ״ֻϧڳķÿһζҪܾãŻһͷӦ
ǲ氾һ죬ѾԵЩ⡣˵ֱ˯ǰǾؿų⡣
ڸоԱߴ΢ȵĿ⽥ʧ̧ۿŽĿհ죬ǽ鱧ڴϣ¸Էںñӣ˴۱ߵɢ̾˿
⸱ӣִŵýڤ磬Ҳ֪ʲôԭ
һڻһϢʱŽ飬۲״
״һֱûкתʮֲѾȥҲܷνһ˻ȥԻŵĳá
ﵣǣɻԼϣ˼˺ܾãǿ硣
ǰʱС񣬵췣󣬳Ѿٳ˯Уȡ֮ĸǽѩ︺һ·ǰߵξ
ξ˱һֱûͣ½ŲŽĲỽһȡ֮ȴձһ޴İǰİڷѩ֮У϶ѻѩϵ̵۾Ǹһ㣬תĿ
־һеڼ
вأͽһģһİ
⿴Ǽ۾һ㤣һȻſ۾ȴҹããⶼû𣬻ڰʱ
⿴Ŵʴ˼ȻһOO@@
ϣô죿
һ㶣ҪԴȥȴǷ򴦣͵شˤͨһˤڵϣܿڵһ󣬺Ȼһֻץס˯ŵشôСָ
ָͷഥĵطֱϸѩ
ֺܿƴһ˻ȥ
ٶһ㶣Ըܵ˵ĺߣæԼ߿ȥȴԴرߣһ˫۾ش̧Ŀӡ
а׹ӴƮ۾˵һȦ롣
飿Ӵ
Աûֻ˫۾ɫý
Ϊչ˽飬Ĵ齾ڽĶ棬Ŵֻ֮һӣոǶӦǽʱӱߵĵӡ
ôʱѣ
Ҫʲô
ȻҪȥƣȴڰнȻӴر̧һģģĶ˴ϡ
Ķͣסֽڴϵģһֻͷ
ŲŲ
飬㡭Ҫʲô
һŽ飬ֻźͷ֮վСڴرߺ¡
ũҵĴ̲гһڵУıԵû˯λãȴһߣתķ򣬿ų۾һ£һ¡
ڰ۾رëÿһ£ľ͸һ¡
нĺµطࡣ
˾ôڰ໥һᣬȻ۾û
΢΢һ㶣ȴȻоһ˫Ȧ§סıӡ


137 
ȥ˰ɫΧ, Ǵһ£¶ƵľǡС, ۾񾲣Ľë, ¶һ˿š
ڴϣȻ۾пʼʪ, ţŽ˯ա
һʼЩţоȦûз, ԭ΢üͷͣҲŷ
ΪǵĲȱӺ̬þСһ
׹⻹һûһŵģөһ
⿴˽죬ڻȥÿϵ, ת塣
û뵽ԭһĳͻȻԭıϵ۾ȻȻؿŶˡ
ץסı, ȴû뵽⽫𣬱ܿơ
ָ©ֻбӶķ硣
ֽڿУ̧ۿų⣬촽, ûзκѾ¶һ˿¡
ȻûпɫֻǽĴ, ڴ˿
бӵһƹĲڸǵı
ӸոմӳͿ滹ǰϵ£ڽϣ˺ҹ磬ůůġ
Աŵ걻Ӻ濿˵㣬Լͷ
첻ˣ˯ɡٶ
˰ߵıӣԼߵĴλ
΢΢һ㶣ԭ޴ʧĿٶȱøع
⿴ŽЦգֻм¶Ҳ١
֪忡ʱڰҹ˵۾ŹԣǱҹɫģոԵʺÿ
ǾȹĽ顣
һֱõĽ顣
ΪһеĽ顣
ԽɿƵ
ϸѩһ䣬ĶǶԷ⿴æ˸־סԼ½ҧٿӣתȥ
תȥ֮󣬳۾΢ţֵסԼ
޷ƽ
ĺܸˡ
ܸˡ
롣
űڣؽԼڱԵλŲ˽һ˫æٶػ
־󣬳¶ƫͣûʲôóȥųĵط
ⲻתԼһתͻ᲻Ƶ̡
нԭá
Ϣ˱Ž飬ûÿ֣۾
װɽҰžȣɽҲбҳһһӨ͸ıѩϵ˽ʮ죬ӭһ˿⡣
΢ɽҰûȴбϵıˮڻ䡣
ҹȥһ˯Σ֮ʱȴԼĺ󱳵Žǰ˾ȻôСĴӵһҹ
ϢǿѹھڵĽųõõģŽ飬չʱ򣬽龹ȻѾѣҲûоŶԷԺǰϢһһڴϺͽɵ˴硣
ʱƣͽѾʶһʱ䡣һͽһʱ٣Ҳû뵽ԼڽĸУû뵽гһջͽһ
Ļǻݱл趨Ļָʱڣ˯ѣʶʮֱϸ˽˶˵УԺ
ιˣԼݲݵغ˵࣬õ
Ժһˣ⴩ԺӵʱÿϷһһ˼ŲѾͣĲ𲢲һȵֱð󣬱㻹شк
ͷкĿⴥϸеĲ񣺡̣ǳȥˣ
ǰѩɽڴ̣öѾˣҺ걸ĲԾ׺ԱߵĴЩ̵ȥҿмţŲڶ˻𡣡

첮ЦҲôǫ飬ʵ۴ﲻ˼ҶѾûûˣҲڣ˻й΢ȱһ㡣
첮˵Ȼָⳡѩ˵˻Ӧþǵĺ֮Ľս
ͨ˽ˣҲԶԼԳ뿪Ҳ֪Լɸ̫ǳŵԭԼܶѾǰƽʱṦȻܷɵúܿ죬;ؿڳѪ޷Ѫӿ
˻һղĺ֮䣬ͽ֮䣬Զð
һ뵽ܣĿ΢ҪôԸʿһһʰķȥţ㿴һ˯ԼĴϣհģֻüͷƺʲô
߻вٰ׹ΧơǽɢȥĻƬͨ۲ƺֻгܹǵĴڡ
Щ׹һһ»ۣȻָ̻ܹ
İ׹ⲢۣԭΪܶȴ仺סһ׹⣬Ž飬Ц
˽죬ձ㶯ǰȥյʦŹǮ˳
һбǼƻõ飬ƻ֮ȴǽĲ顣
һ峿Ӵȥأͷ׼ŵʱ°ȴ˽סˡ
ͬڵڶգ龹Ȼѵúһ磬ҿվԺҲ𴲣˵ʲôó뿪
飬ҪȥһϢһͻ°Ҳû취ּȰο
û˵ֻǿų⣬ųһſڴ
Ŀһ˿ִ֡
飬ֺòã⿴Ž飬˵
һȰ˵ֱҡҡͷ⻹ˮźߡ
˵˵ûа취ǰָڿŽ֣ȴôҲ²ֻ̧֣ۿŽ飬ܸܲʲô
鲻˵޷Ҫʲôġ
⿴Ž飬ȴԷüĿΣ۱Ứ𣬵ֱֱضԼ촽ΣһڳĶ
ߡ
Ϥǰߡ
ԭһһȥֻоʲôϲԼͷţһɸɬϵģߣ۾Ž飬ԼŲŵʡ
飬㡢ղšղ˵ʲôоԼЩ
Ļˣ
ߡû˵ԵʣԵʮ˻ƣ죬ٶȵ͵͵ģ뿪ң𣿡
*
Ļھ˾ļʦ⣬òٿ̶ҪԼ֣һͬȡǮʱ߻һŰ·ˡ
·˿ȥʣҶ²Ǽʦߵϰ塣ݼʦ˵ʵĵܵܣռ
ʦ˵һôö㹤Ǯʱʦһһ߳ŽôҲʦģ
ǡҡͷЦҵܵˣܶ䡣
ʦŶһæٿ飬ȴԷһվڼıĿʼնڿĸ硣
ǸĿ⣬ȥִֵģе˵Ĺ졣
Ҳûô࣬ײ³ĸ첲ˣʦھбʴ
ʲôʵ
ʦĿһӾиҪȥ󶼣ҶǿǵĵĻʳǣȥȥ
лҪ˵飺


138 
, ʦҲ֪Ҳӳġҡͷ
ǵĵĻʶ, һҪʮʱ䡣⵱ھֽڵĿΪ˳ＯҩǮʣµǮѾи, ʵûҪȥôԶĵط
ţͷ, ȴһ£һεӰֻĿ͸¶һ˿, ʱʱԼ￴
ڽĲָⱾٽڣȥǮ㲻ٽӵȵ鳹׻ָ֮󣬱صűء
յʦܾ, Щʧ˵Ҳǵģֲȴô塣󶼻, ǼȨʱڴ󶼴ͷĸӵۣǻʼҵĻţ
˰, ȨСܹ͵ģҾͲȥ˻ˮˡЦŻؾȴӿ˼
ĻȨû˵»ô֧Ԯնɱ˵ǵ۰Ķ, γǱļһ׬ȡţʹ㽫λøӡȴֳϣõʹʧİĶӣ˵ĵĻλ̳еļƻ
⣬ΪӳʮٶַڣĵѾԻλ񣬴
ôˮʦֹŵϰ֮˲гһܹͷأһ˻ӣԺǴ󹦳ɻڴָտɴ
ֻЦЦеܵҪչˣϴűȽϺá
ֵ黹áʦֿǸһۣĿ⻹ͣڳϣһ˵ζ
ѩرߣѩɫΪһ壬ԺھֵĺͯѩϷܹһСײĵܵܣȴܵӻһ£ҲûкֻۣǴ㵵ؿԱߵĺͯ
ͯ÷㶣ðźȻ˵һ仰ͨܿˡ
üĿãȻ
̬ܵܵͨ˲һʦ˲⡪ܵˣǳ⡣
˼ֱ׸ֻǿϧ˼
ʦüҲࡣҲʲôĶ˵ӵһײҲǺһʰ
ʱҲע⵽һʼĽ״ȴֱܿһȺСΧϣСߴߴҲ֪˵ʲôȻǺܸ˵ӣûжӡ
˿ʦ˵£ĸ
Ķֳ衪Լ
üֳ費˺ܾһֱûҵˣô֪⣿
ֳĻѾĸÿһӶܿԼФ񣬵¶СģܹݵڣʹѺڵʱչ¶Ҳͨˮƽûʲôطɡ
㣡Ͳ֪˰ɣкɣȴʦСи£Ըң˵ǹʦϸѲ飬˵ֳƾͶߡ
Ȼǹܵ
˲ۡ
ܴ˾ܹͨ췣ԷͳϵĹⲻ֪Ҫǿ٣ȷʵпܻλá
ЩĳѾڣͽ˭ٱ㣬ǳΣա
ʵǸ
һ۽飬ԶĵطԱСЦ֣ͷؿţ½ྻĿ峺һһӡķ
Բù˺
תͷսȭ˵ֳ书ǿͨٱȥѣ
ʦֻҪֳ١ʦǹĿ˵ֳҲûǹڴô
΢΢ü
ʦΪڼɵ˵еֳ裬صس֣˵ɹĶھ֮ǰǸ䡣
û뵽ʦ˵飬ɫһ
ʦڼ˵񻹺ܳģǸСʵۺʲôλöζ˵Ļʵôôһˣ
ſڣһʱ֮Ҳ֪ôش⡣վԱߣѾǵԼǻʵˣɬȻջЦЦصЩҶû˵õǶࡣ
ʦٺЦЦҪú˵˵Щ£۾ȴƳɫһ˲ֱӣӵӴⲻ֣ϰ𣿡
ʦҲʱ䣬֪ʦϲϰʹϵ¶ģ֪ȥ׼뿪
ǡϻбƺΪ֣ϰ
ǻھֹƵʦܿЦ֣ϰҼǵ˵Ҫȥڹôѡ𣿡
ʦĿӦþȥʳǵĴ̡
û⣬ȥոߵһ·̣ȴ֣ϰٶžȺ˷ܣ 
ǳԼġ
΢΢һ㶣̧ԴȥֻһеؿԼģЩϤԱ߻վһһŮӴŵһɫʮָߴŮŷۺɫУҲһգգؿԼ
ǷȹŮӿԼܿ촹ͷ¶Ρ
ԴհϢ
㲻ǵС֣׾֣ϰ忴Ȼ飬æֵ
⣺֣׾
⿴ſ̣Ժ˼ż䣬뵽ͻȻֵĿ˭ˡ
֣׾֮Եһǰɽ참û֮ǰ˰ɽͷѣ˲ˣ֣׾Ůǵ֮һسǣ·ߵʱٶλ̣Ǹʱ֣׾ԼŮ֣ԼԼѻĽˡ
ڣȻҲ
㡢ʶ֣׾ʦҲˡ
֣ϰ壬ǡԱߵĻҲʵ 
֣׾ǾҺСŮĶȥж飬Ӵɽþȡ˵ţ´˳һۣɽһû뵽ǻԵ㡢ھֵʦ𣿡
šϴʮּӣ仹ϵŻھʦƣԲû뵽ԼԺ󣬻һˣ΢΢һǵͷӦ
̫ˣ֣׾˷ܵϰ壬λʦϵãʮֳڣܻǰȻ󶼡
˻һʦԭάЦݿ֣׾ٿ죬ʱѿ
֣׾ϰĻĿڳѲ
Ŀӵζһݣ֣׾ȭ֣ϰ壬ҲԶġ
GⵥӶڶ˵϶ѡ֣ϰ
⻹ؾϰҵλʦüžܾǡʦȻܴɽȳ֣ϰ壬书϶˿ʲô룬̶Σ
˵ţھԺӱ߳һ䷿䣬ųһ롱ơ
һᣬתͷ飬ȴԷʱûڿֻѧһȺӵģѩš
ϰ忴ȥ֮¹ܽĿֱָϳɽйءʱӲҪܾ֣׾»˻ɣ룬Ӧá


139 ԸС
ϰ뷿, ʦżһȥԷûҪ˼, ֱŹϣ⡣״, ֹֻ˼䣬㬵߿
ȷ, ϰشͳһڳǰ
ǣⲢ֪ĺûҲûнӹ, ֻվԭʵ
֪ɽ֮Ѹһǿɳʯ塣֣ϰ״Ѿȴ, ʯı֮в࣬Ǵ˷ǰ󶼣㽫չʯȥ׬ۡ
ԭ֣׾ڵ
ʯֵ, һѹ֣׾ټҵȷʵҪͼʦĬؿ֣׾ؿʵϰأ
ϰǺһϻˡ֣׾һЩϡҩ, ׼󶼷
ԿǸߴӣȴߴӵͷǵˣڴе·ۻӸǻʹ, ЩӽĸۡйʦЩġ
ᵽʦһݣɫȴɫ𣿡
Σʯʦ֪ɷԸͬУϰʵ
һûԹԶ»ҿǿǡص
⡭ǺҪ׼ˣ㻹ȽϺáѻｻϣûϴӦҲû̻ؾ֣׾ɫ˽
һᾡõġѾȥ˵Ŀڱ
ϰվԭؿųıĿ¶˼һСᣬղջĿ⣬ŻС
ϰʼɣھֿԺٴˡܿ˷ţһ·ߵ⣬ܿ¿˽顣
ԺﺢͯЦѩ̣黹վԭءߣŷɫȹӵ֣վţŮϴЦݣСغͽ˵ʲô
黹еѩţ֣Ļ¶㵣æ̧ͷķ򿴹
˵Ŀײһ
۾¶һ˿վԭһСᣬ⣬ֿԱߵ֣û˵
֣ͽ˵ʲô
û뿪ֶõʱ䣬ʱãӣ΢΢һ㶣æǰ֡
оϵ¶ȣĿⰲڶԷϡ
һů
߰ɡŽֵ
ô ֣˵ʲôѾŽʧھſڵĵط
˵ӰֻýȥʵĻ̻˿С
һ·Ž鴩۵ȥϵ˰嵶ָ鶨һ
ʹǺɽһʹõǱӳ췣бϣһʧȥӰֻϧ˻ǲȫҪôĳֻګګؿų⡣
ֻռﺮӸȶ굶ֻ׿Ž飬ֻ鿴ֹʲô£ش۾
һ·Ĭֱ뿪
ϷڵĴׯƫƧͽһ·ͬһᣬ㽥ԶȺһ·ֻǳǳĽӡԼ·߱װعѩ׷羰
ѩɫ䣬߾ǲѩ졣
ģŲ
ôˣ飿عͷԼİӡ
Ŀ⿪ʼرܳ⣬ͷԱߵѩںڰС
ոǸǸ˭վѩϣ
Ǹˣ
˼һᣬܿʶʵǸ˺ָ֣ܿ׽Ϊʲô⣬΢΢һ㶵ȹˣôˣ˵ʲô
Գھ־䣬ǰĵʵ
ң˭ܿ¶һ˿ãȻ飬̧ۿҴ
ڻǲȫѾ˺ܶǰ飬ͬС죬֪ԼݣҲò֪Լݣ鶼ҪչǲܼԳⲢûиʵ顣
ãǰڽϰҶϵµϸѩЦʹô⡣
ҡҡͷ۵˵ܵܣɻûС
Ķ΢΢һ
ʱɽ֣׾ʱԼѾҵĽڣ֣ס¶Ѿһˣû뵽֣Ȼϡ
ӽ
ûȥ⣬įһҲΣ͵͵ɻʲô˵ɻ˼İˣ׿ڸһİӡ
׿˵ҲΪ˾ܾʱ˼û뵽龹Ȼµģһ·ôá
¡ô
Ļڼйٻָ˵һΣëӰ΢˼µ𣿡
з紵°ڣİɫ¡
ҳʲôİӡ⿴Ž飬ڵЦ֮ǰǸ䣬Ժ¶Ǹˡ
¶һ˿ã
ôˣ߰ɡѾĸ첲飬ҳ⻹û˵Լϲ˭ӲҪ˵棬Ҫľ㡣
ԣһҪ롣
Ž΢΢ЦЦ
鱻ǰУԭӰеϣ۾ĿǾȣ󽥽ϲһһ
ĳתͷǰţĵȴ硣
һֱЦԼôȥ
һһ룬ڼ첽׷ϳ⣬ؽһС
ֻԼִرĶһ£æ̧һۣȴԼľȻһԲı
һѩţѩϱ˴۾滹һ֦ӡ
ģ͸㡣Ц
ǽոԺѩ
鲻ѩ򣬻ѩ
书ûʧ
㵵زͷ߿ȥȴ鴹ڼͷķ˿ü΢䣬Ṵʮֿĵӡǰĵ·ƺĿ⣬תͷ峺Ź⣬ڵؿԼ
˴ʱģؿ
ĽŲ
Ҳųһų㶵ӣȻͷؿ⡣
ʲôʪĴУձһ
ͫ΢̧ۿ飬ȴԷѾܿƫӣûпԼĿƮضǰĵ·һ˿Сš
ڼװûзӡ
顣⿴Žģٻһ
͵͵ġ
鱻֣æźػӦȻֻӦһܿ챻˶ϡ

һܿû˵ϢС
Ŀ΢΢˱˵ɽ·һߣֱסԱߵǿվȡǰȴûɿ
лѩ׹䣬ģµȴһ𣬺ѩϽ¡
ĽûбˣֻвãͰĵأʱʱķ硣
⡭˺һ˲ɿ˴ˣĿɢ͵͵
ԣػǣסգĿ˸˸ؿãڵЦһ
ڡظ
Ŀһһ¾𣬿ǰĳ⣬§סԷ¶ޱȵľ
⣬Һϲ㡣
Ҳǡ͵͵ЦǽĶͷ飬Ҳϲ㡣


140 
鿪ĵЦ, ĵ§˳⣬⳹Լǰ
ĺٶȱȡ
ǰ˵ĺ, Ц΢ʶ
˵ٶ, ÿȫǶԷĺ, ۾еֻʣ±˴ˡ
ݡݡҲʱԭտѩȻʻһԶ, ԭ֨֨졣
ĳ̧ƥԼԼ·ˣ̺ͽ鿴
·˵£Ǵ˵ģڸʲô
Ŀ治Ͽ


ⱻ˲, ʶԼոյ뷨æɿ顣۾ĿȴֱŽ, ֻǰϿš
⣿ɿԼ΢΢һ㶣Ƶʵ
˵òڶߣæԼϢ, ץסֵ߰ɡ
΢΢㵡
Ȼ첮˺ˣٻؼ, Ժһ𡣡
ģ ЦţִУ÷ⰲģ
Ȼ
͵ӦһɫȸԾ
һƽҲǰůŽ֣·شׯ
ׯкԶľ룬ֻƽͨ˵ٶǰУ·֮żֻ߱;ѩ
ѩȣĿҰϸԵþסĻ࣬ƢҲ˵һ𣬾Ȼÿһ·ϽץԱߵĻѩѧԺСһѩ򣬴óⴥӲǺðŷӦ޺ҧؾ˽һѩ
Ҳû뵽Ȼæܿһ׷һܣȻһ·ߣֱҹˣſׯ
Ĵׯҹɫ¿ȥ
Žһ·Ц֣ǰׯģȴȻ㶡
⣬ôˣԭЦŸų⣬ɫӲҲű
ǰˡͷ۽µѩѩѾͣ˺ܾãͨ·ϣвٺۼ·ϵİѩð߲вӡӡ
 Ҳųǰȥûгʶܿ
ȴŴŽ飬ֱƵׯɽϣԶڿׯΡ
ʱĴׯڱĵĹٱΧšеĵĹԱƥϣҲµʿڴĴһֻŻһֻŻѣԶĲԾĹ⣬ǴЩ˵ĻϷġ
ȺĵĹٱȻѲʲô
ĳ
ٱؽһ飬ֽټһ𡣳վɽϣֻٱ˵˼䣬ɵָһһϷޱ˳
ǲ첮𣿡Ҳˣʵ
ȷʵ첮򸾣 ٱȻȻڱʲô
ھֵ߳ٷ׷ֳ䣬ٱڴ䣬ܿ̽ٵġ
΢æ˽鼸䣬ԭزҪ뿪ĵǱ
ԽٽſڣԽԽˡԾڵһϣ첮͹ٱ֮ĶԻ첮Ųүֵ治ǻϵˡҪ֪ͨģ϶һʱٲǣ
̵˵ǰǼ˵ԼڻھҪǲǣȥھִĲǻϵˡ
ϻֳ裬ڵòԼģȷʵԭر
ϵĹүһھֵͷȻҲɣ̧˵ƾǴﻹ˭ֵġ
ӿһƬƽ 
ҼˡĹٱܿ¶ͷɫ֮ʱһվ˳
΢΢һ㶣˵˴ȥֻ˵ǸŮӣģð׾ϴŵҲͨҪһЩ
˺⻭ϳһ𣿡ٱʵ
Ůӿһۻ񣬺ܿҡҡͷˣֵ˶ú糤úܸܿܵһ⻭ϵķǸŮӣĸơ
Ůӣ
϶ʱһĬֳòӶ࣬ȥģĶ࣬һҲ˸ˡ
۹ֳۣ˵ò죬ݵñ
廨⻰˵ġҲЦҵǾǼñܸܵͦһЩ
㻹˵ȷʵ⻭Ҫǿһ㡣Աߵͷ۵

Ǵ֮ͥ˵òǹٱȻҲһ˿档ɫɫȴһֻ𻭾ձ߰ڹٷҲգȻڼңǱǵʱȥűһʡó˲ӡ
̸Ҳˣɫٲϻ򣬱׼ϵĶŴ
ţٱ֡
ԶԶؿţʱӴ˿תȥҽ飬һͷȴ־Լһѩ׵Ӱ
ʶȫûиӦˣʱһϵ䡣
Сġʱ򣬰ɫӰѾȿһѸץס
Ϸѩ
жٱܿصĵط
ֱ̽壬İӰȻһֻ䣬εס
ָƽһƬƬѩ׵ѩѹŷï֦ͷȥʲôûС
ٱݲݵؿһۣ뿪
ĬȻάűӰ֦ϵƣֱٱյشµĵйʧԶźһѹ飬Ҳԭ𣿡
ǰӰǱɽϵĽ飬΢΢£۵ҡҲ¡
֪ڹԼȥŭ̾һŽϵΣ㻹书
ٶһãȻ
ûм˵Ž飬ֻʱһƬΧŽ飬һһȥ
ػָ
书Ͳһ֮µѹԼ书ʱֵϢܿΪ书ϵӰ졣
ָ书ҲһϢ
ЦЦûмֽ飬ǰĴҪȥǴкԺǱ뿪
šӦ
΢΢һЦŴĵڵϷ޼ҡ
첮Է򸾻£ۻֳ֪زŷս˧
˺ܿ쿪ʼֳ顣
״ûĽȥţӽĹǮȡһ룬ĵǱԼͽķ䣬ϡ
޾ȹͽȻû
ֻպ϶ɣѾʺϴкˡ
ĬĬؿܰСũҷӣ뵽֣ڻתȥ
·ǿøѩĴ
ûˡ
˵ǴӦϵȣʱѾ£ͣ
˴ŰºǽȻͬʣʱĽ鷢˿ڼϣ¿ȥʮֵظ߽࣬忡ӣ峺ϵѲţȻĴڣĿҲþ
΢Цţ·ߡ
ЦϹ⻪ʱʱɢһ֡
⣬ǡ뿪Ҫȥʵ
һ񣬱Ҫֽס飬Ҫȥ󶼡


141 Ϯ
ǵĵĵ۶, ͬʱҲǹܴϳ
˸ոٱѲ飬Ѿ, ֻҪܻϣ鷳޾, Զð
췣ȣԺ˻ķԸ
һǲ¹, н顣
鲻ܵ˺ˡ
гʱֻǴ֪ڵλã֪ʱ˭, ֱȥֲܴ
⿴߿ˣ
黹΢㶣ǲ׳뷨ץסԼ, ܿͷЦãȥģҲȥġ
شøɴ, ۾ﻹ㽣ûһǷΣա
Ҳֻн޷˵ظԼ
΢ᣬ֪ΪλԼִţɵǰԸɢ, ҲҪȫѾʧȥУǶѾȱʧһҪ, ԼѾ޷Ĵˡ
ҿԣҪҵĻЦţǰĵ·ϱбߵ
šں棬Ӧһ
ٺ͸ղһֵܳ
ҵġ·˴ųɡ
ҾͲˡװϲ
ãҶġҹɫкִܿش
лƵЦ
һһ˵߽ҹɫ£һֱɵѵóһ䣬ӡ䡣
·;ңԶŽ鵽ϼһϣڶ𴲱ȥ˻ھ֣֣׾˵ԼԴӦڣǰǴԼĵܵܽ顣
ûͽ鵥ǰ󶼣һ˶ǵˣͨҲͨһ·ȥ󶼿»˻ɡҲĽԼֲ¶ޣ̶ӵϰȻɣֻôҲǸ̶飬Ӧܱ֤ס
֣׾Ҫ룬ϲ⡣ɽʱı£ͲĸܹԼĻּҪòߣֻǶһ˶ѣ̵ͷӦ
ͬеϰ忴Ҳûоܾ̬ȺƵų˼䣬ʵǳˣסںδʦкδ
׼ԼӴ͵ǵһڵ˵ϰ꾡
ϰͷҲû˵ʲô
̶ӵĻںܿ͹Ӷˡ֣׾̶ڻھֹӶ˼ڵ߸ʦ֮ǰͳһҲͷ룬뵽⼧ǰװģعߣȴ̶Ӱ﹤̲סֹ˼˵ʦˡ
һ˼ʦƸ룬Ҳ֪֣ϰôġ
⵹û⡣ڻھʶ˱٣ʱżֵ徲Ҳøڣͽһ
ɻʱ򾭳⣬ֻһ֣ǰΣֻܵȵϳϢ֮ǰʱһųſ˯
ֲִͽסǵģûлؾŽڵƢ
ݱл廹ڳٻؽĻǣҹʱʱİ׹ۡ
Ӧúָܻܿ˰ɡ롣
ü΢һߣûѣֻάŴڳߵơ
ڵһξ͹ȥʮ죬ĵϳһЩңҲûĴ·ͱ˽ߡ
˴ҹϢصҰ⣬˸̶Զĵط֧˵
մ񣬽һ㶼æһһ˹ĵŰͶӣĲɵӣֵĶ˺ܶࡣ
̲סؿ˽һۣȻһվţ㶵ڳ
ԼĿȻ۾΢졣
ôˣ⻹ǵһοѹĽ¶飬вɵÿһ£ʵ
Ŀ˲æ̵̻ؿų⣬̽ŵĹߣûûʲô
𣿡⳯һֻ֡
鿴ųһŻʶҪĬĬӵ˹ȥ
⸴ת棬ϸذӡ
վճյؿųæµӰ۾ø죬лͷļæתֲ۾
Ķ΢΢£һߴʱһߵʵ飬ǲʲôң
ûСص
ϵһӣվ𣬵ƭҡ
ڵĽǰֽκε鶼ֿϡոպ۾Ҫ޵ӡ
ĻȻһæ͵⣬ǵġҡûƭ
ոշʲô£ʵ
鲻Ե޹ʱִܿʲô顣
ⱳŽ飬ȴĽĬãڵ͵Ϳڵ⣬һΡ
һ㶡
ĻﻹƵεһ죬˵Һ޼ҿɹ顣
޼ҿɹ顱ĸ֣νֻһﶵ
㻹εʲôʵ
ε˵֮ûпܵġĿųĺ󱳣ƣ˵Ҫ뿪ҡ⣬ǲʲôǲӦ÷뿪
ٶʪ֪Σͽ֮ǰʵ顣
ѾʼָˣͨïǣԼ׾ѵ졣
⣬Ҳߣһ㶼뿪ֻһ𡣡
ûг׻ָ˻ǺǰǷһѡ
סеˮ飬㶼˵Ρﶼ෴ģ㿴ڲǺúõ𣿡
⡭ֵ͵ͻʡ
ڲߣԺҲ뿪ˡǻкܳҪߣǲ˵һ𣿲ڻǽֿˡ
˵ţתŽ顣
Ѿգų⣬ڿ첽ǰŽǰ˺ݺ
޲ǰܹԼĹѪ
⡣ֵڳૡ
ⱻۣǻرԷһһظĺ󱳣Ц飬һȥġ
۽޲
ĳ⡣
Ϊµĳ⡣
۾й̵ˮ¡
һԱ§§ҶԶɫѰû˵ע⡣ȵ齥ƽ뿪˵Ļ񸽽
в𷢳ࣵ죬ů˺ҹɫ
֣׾ʳģ鵥СһΪǰùӵʱûôԣֻЩز˸ԣ񵹲ʳֻϲζȣΪֵˡ
δȹζһں۾ɵ
û˵üѾů
һ˻ᣬ̶ֱҹ˾
һʱ̶ӵ𽥽Ϩ
ҹգаסɫýҹɫ԰ƬĴУʮӰһذΧ̶ӡ
̶ﾲĵģ˴
ЩӰȴûоκˡΪ׵һźڽЦݼؿ¶Ӫ̧ǰһӡ
ż


142 
, ҹȻ⡣һ̣лಡƿյ졣
Ż˲伱ӳ, е棬е, еϣ̼, Ƶ˻粻ϰθߣܵȼ
ɽ͵ϮˣԭڵҲڴ˿̾, غ
Ȼʦֻ˵һ䣬㱻ΧʸУ룬Ѫֹ
ϼʸ̶Ӵֲ, ԭϢʦæȴ̵ֱļʸУز
ھֵʦһ˽һˡʦԭҲȥ, ǰĳȥʦǰ֪жʱһ𣬸ȥĽ˻
ӵĵӴ󲿷ֶ򸽽ûмĵϮǰ, ǹҪǮƵģټ϶֮ԶܣȻֱӽ
ôôɽ, ˡ
ʱҲҲǣ̵̻ߣȴϰҲ߳һѵʸе죬һһ䡣
ŵʮһ书ˣ
һ
ȡҲʱ̶洫֣׾ĺ
ʦΣʱԼչ˲ãҳȥϰԣ֣׾ķȥȻ̶һðͷӭǸܼļꡣ
նҪ׽̶Χ˵
ˣһֵ
ǣ
һֹͣɱ˴Χɱ̶ӡ
ɱƼ
ѣٿɱ𴦣Ȼмʮźµ̶ӳɱЩж䷢ͳһĵճ̶ӱһɱԭصʦлϢҲܿ챻һں󱳲˸Ȼˡ
һ˲䣬̶ﲻȼյĴ𣬾һ˸ĵ⣬в̶ͻ͹Ҳ⣬ѪȾƬء
ŵö£ζǡӡֽŷ䣬ּͬеʬ壬ֻǰľͺ͵һ͵ڵʦһҪˡ
ʦ˵书һʦ书õģʱ򼧳ģ
æλÿȥȴڵҲѾȼܻ档
кǴɱȥܿɱȥӰһͣ˱ֱ׷ɣӿˤ˳ȥ
һ㶡
̫ҫۣæ˲۾ֻڼ⣬θվţΪ׵һӢˣһֻסİӣһִӵϼһѵ
ɱĺ˿ˣٶȳɱ˹ȥеһ죬Ȼֱַȥ⵶ʸһһûǰĺ˵壬Ʋֹ⾹ȻӺ¶źˣٶûһ˵塣
ԭںɱĺ˲ܺ«Ƶģǵû˵һһֱӱԷĳϡ
ɵˡ
վԭأĵܵܣɨȺ͵Ϯܡ
ңԶ֣׾Ҳˣ̳
ȥֻ֣׾ʮɵľ롣ڵһҲĻţڷȼţȴҳȥŮһȡ
⣬ʮΧһ·ͬеϰ塣֣׾ǳȥ϶⵽Щ˵Ľɱ
ҡΣæĽ˵
վ棬ǸոͻȻϮϵİҲûȾ϶ٳĿɨǰסǱȥһ룬ָ ջﶯ
š͵͵ӦһҪСġ
ϤĻѣ΢΢һ㶣ܿӦһһץɢļʸš¼ͷ
ʱΣգ̫ԶԽЩʸֱӵ֣׾ķĺȥ
ಣļͷڿз죬Զ˻רעΧϰ壬ûԤϵİֻһϢ֮䣬˲ͣرУһһ¡
׼ֿ죬ۻңû뵽ԼʦȻô书ַԵһܹͨģ
֮ǰ֣׾ӲҪѼнǶһ٣мŵ̶ܵܽӣڿ˵ĵܵӲô书ȫܹĸʦ
𾪣ΧסϰҲȵؿˡ뿴ôģȴ˻ݳĿƫ䣬嵥￿
֪·ɱôһˣǿͬİ˿ڣٿˣֻԷеļͷȥϼ˼ʸ


ÿһżͷɶǴĶ
һݣԻһۣ֪ԲټʹðȷΧɱϰ壬ɱ
״ۣкֶԷеһĺȥ
˳ܲסٶƵ׷£ҵ̶ӻ֮䣬һľ廩һɢʯɢ䣬أһľȻûɢܣȷʵƵض˶
Ϊ˷ֹ⣬ڵʶѾɢ΢΢һ㶣ؿľ䣬۾С
ľװĲʯҲϰ˵ҩġ
ոƺܵж
ʲô
üʱµĺһĹ˼»ź˵Žһ·ɱ˹ȥ
һɱģòٺ˷˲Ծϴھֵ£ӦǸʦҪڵĻոչ¶֣˭Ƕ֣
ǡ
˷Ӧרųų򣬷Ƶ棬ֱⱳվŵİɱȥ
һֱǰ˻󣬿϶˵Ҫˡ
ֻҪǰлͿҪʲôѡ
˻һۣԿԷЦܿһ򼧳һɱȥ
СģЩƵҰ󣬳ڳ⿴ĵطϰ嶼Ѿͬس
ոһ򶷣Ƕ̶˵ϣ˾Բܳ£
ɰǼĵܵܣǼھֶҪһֱŵˣ£϶⵽
ǳѣΨֳⲻܷӦĿȴѾڳһɫһ飬Ѿѡתȥ

ӳһֱڶԷͷ­
ʬȻ£ɺѪɫӺ˵ʬӿ
ͬʱĺѾɱ
γɻ֣ҪӦȴ͡һ졣
ûԤڵ뵶ӵ
һ㶣ֻоɱȻɢæתȥȴոҪ͵ϮԼĺ˾վԼǰ
˵ؿڴ¶һ⣬ֱ
⽣Ǵıģıȴûκˡ
˵ɴ۾ŵؿԼؿڵĿ¶һ˿ݾҪɱȴԭؿڵĽȻֱӴӺĳţһ죬˵ؿڴٶһ
˴ͷûϢ
Ȼ󣬻ʲô˶ûУΨһĪոš


143 ֮
ɱ˵ĽͻȻ, ʲô˶ûС
ǻھһʦʹõڸոպɱӪʱ, ʦ㱻͵Ϯʱڵ⽣û, ȴͻȻշ𣬲ɱ͵Ϯĺˡ̶˿ǰһĻ, ɵ־־壬ֻһӽŵֱˡ
ϰҲһ, Ŀ⿴ųġܵܡٶȻΪӡ
û뵽ᷢһĻϷһ׹⣬΢΢һ㶣Ȼתͷ鿴ȥ
黹վվ, ͷޱߵĺڷȥգ¶Ҳɫڸ, ٶӰУΨз˿¶İĿ⣬̧𣬿ǰ滹Ҫĺˡ
͡Ҳڽ̧۵ʱ, յĳ͵شӺ˺İγѪѪ˲, һǽѾವһٶշ𣬳С
ӰҲоֵĲҽ˷̶ӣһĳʱ֮ͣк˵£һ˴ܡдļ˫ȷԭɱȫޣɫΡ
վںǷʩͷĿۼ˿ֲ󺰳ˡ
ոһתѾӰӰϣȾѪĽ˲仮Ѫ⣬ں˵ĺһһš
ˣ ϰ״ʱͻȻҪһ
һʣڡֻû˵˵ĿԶĳѾֱͱһ˵ĺġ
һ鴤һ£Ҳܿû˶
̶ӵֳһƬǽ壬ֻĻڷȼգϵѪڴŵȾϵ¹š
ڳҴһʱ䶼˵
ϵİ׹ʧԭյĽͻȻʧȥһһͬڵϣûٶ·ֱ˽ѡ
֣׾֣϶Ȼ飬þòָܻ
֣׾ιӶھֵʦԭΪ˷ֹɽػȫû뵽ԼʯȻôܣұǰɽɽҪֲӶʦܶԸ
Ǽڣѹ˼ҵھȫˡ
Ѿȫôסȥ󶼣Ǳ׬Ǯ˼ȥ̶٣м֮ˣƽһƴڻͬҲѾʬ塭
ǸͻȻֵĳѾȫ֮⡣
֣׾Ů֣㶵ؿų⡣ڴɽʱ㿴ɽİ취ԳĶøУɾڸոճһɱһˣɱÿԸоԷϵﻹĿǸЦº͵ģ
һȥ꣬Ȼúǰȫһ
Щµؿų⣬ȴûпһ£֣һסܵܡ֡
ġܵܡ΢΢һ㶣֣Ӵ֪⡰ܵܡǸµɵӡɶԷǵ£ôֲ˶ǰȴȫûһ˿¡
ֻĬĬվڳߡ
ڱ˿Ľӵ£ѾŽ֡
ֳûм书֪Ľô£ͽһ֪ߵʦнˣǸýĸ֡
ǰѽа׹⣬϶ҲֻнŻʹá
ӦǿոոܵУԲųְΧ
ǰ飬ĵʲôɵ׻µһС֣ôӶԷ뷨
һֱϣԼܹƽˡ
⿴顣
а׹ڽٶ£
лʱ޹ȥʮ죬ڵĽ鲻˼䣬书Ҳڲͣػָ
ĺܿҪˡ
ЩϲЩšɢĽһѾȹ˼ʮ죬˴֮ѾʮϤһжǻڽ޷鳹ѣ֪֮ľѲΣ֪ʵʵ飬Դ
ĬĬ롣
齥ɢȥĿػգӦų
ڳ˸и˼ֳãϰȿڣÿ˵뷨ų⹰֣˸лʦҵڣ̶Ӳûȫû
֣׾ҲӦæл
ǱĽ̶ܹɽҴ棬ȷʵΪмסɽûмھֵļͨʦ̶ξԸͷˡ
ҺϰǹӶϵӦðǱ̶ӡص
֣׾ŮûĿسųһݡ
⿴ţҲ˵ʲô
֣׾֣˶ǽٺĵ͸м鲢٣ʯӦ˼١뵽Ϣ۾УĿתʼ˵ϰ塣
ϰԳǸ̵ˣȴЩ书·Щ˶Ǳȥģ˶֣׾ھ֣϶
Ƕѻװʲô뵽Ҳò¼ɣֱϰ巢ʵ
ϰɫ΢΢һ
֣׾һ㶣ϰ忴ȥ
ĳӿ϶Լ뷨
ϰϻάԭɫųεһЩҩġʦǽһ˵Σ
˵ⷬǲ֣׾֪顣
룬ûΪѴˣֱӴŽ飬ŶԷһû˵ĵط
ϰԭͳһ˵ҲɵüеһᣬʦǲѾ֪ʲôˣ
ֻ֪װˡص
ϰ屾Ҳò׼⵽֪˶٣ѯʣһ仰˵ɵóĬ
ﲻԲȾҲܻ⵹漣뵽ڵʮ죬Ȼ˼ڽ棬װŴ˵ĻԼƤ»ȥԼȻô˹ȥɵÿϰϰ壬㲻ΪʲôϮ𣿡
ϰɫ˽ԭ˸书ڻھֿʱȻɶԷݣ֣׾ԼĿΪмΪ֣׾ͼӴסɸովһɱ¾ۿһ˽˶ԷеˣʱﻹСԷǼֱӴ鿴ҲסʱҲ¶
뵽̾һʦ֪˵޻֮ˣ
޻ꣿüһܿ췴Ӧвأ
˵в֮Ա˷֣Ϊиط黧֮ʱһȺϰ˶δȥѵĲ֮ء
԰ϰ˵װľǲˣ
˲۾
ԱߵĽҲ΢΢һ̧ͷһǰϰ塣
ϰ֪вصģҲûٽֻͣǵͷвؽ磬Щ޻֮˱ǹʦѰң֪ὫЩ˵ġ
ĵĹʦǹܣ޻֮ʲô
𾪣ȴ¶ɫ̽ ǹʦߵˣ
ϰȻܿЦҡͷʦˡʮǰʦҵĴ󶼣ԣ̰ǳڵλΪңڴ󶼡ΪסԼã㽫ʦƵġ̰ǡġ
˵˶٣꣬Ǳԡ̰ǡ֮ˡ


144 ʧ
, ǵĵĻա
һֱϰݲ򵥣Ϊ²ؼ, ûȥ롣ʱͻȻԳǵĻҵˣòꡣ
ֱ, ζֳսնɱİӣǵ, ͵վȫǵĵĻңҲܿܳΪͽв
̰ǣ𣿡뵽ϲɫ, ̽ʵȻΪʱҪ
Ϊһ֮ԣĸױ磬Ŀ¶һ˿ɫ, ܿζȥĸֻǵߵһŮֻϳ, Һһ֡ҲֻͨŮӣʹ뿪ĺ޳Ϊ˸ҳܾ, Զ֮ʱӡ
˵⻰ʱĿǰӣ͵͵ĸ⼸˺ܶࡣȻĸӶ, ֺαĻǣȻ˵ǻǣҺβȫԤԣ
ˣǰȻûгƵƣݾֹ򵥵ĵĻңǵڻ֮һ
󣬵ʴǵʼδĵطҲǳġ
ô˵Ҫʹ󶼵Ļλ ʵвʲôϵ
йʦڣԶġص֪ʦΪľҵ޻֮ˣõؾ⼸һֱвص飬˻ӽܡ
ӽ֮Ҫ׷ʡ
Ĭ£ڳӵоǰ޷ƥУǼ򽭺¼öݱؽƸ˶Щڶҩ֮á˲Ǵ޻֮ˣҩˡ
Ļڽͳ𣬳˲˳ĿҲ˶ԭһûעҲꡣ
ܹѻڶҩҲǳ׺ݣ֮Ͽ򵥡Ĵҩˣ¼㲻ҲҪԸ
ҪĻصĻң׼пܻӦܵԡ
ֻᵽݱĬĬݱļνӴ¼ɢʵ鶼ԼĿġݱԴǬҩһֵ߸͢ҩꡭ
ݱǲ߸ĵĳǲ֪ݱ˾͸¶Ҳɱܵġ
ͬʱвسˣ˴˾ˮˮȴһգݱȻѾ˼
ĬһᣬתϢĻȥŲɿ죬һѽӴӵϷķֱӴһ졣
һƬڰɳȴһ˫սĹߡȱǿʶ£ϵ۾ݻǣʱӱ򿪣Ҳ޶ԣ۾ֱӵĵײ
һ̽ȥֻֽŷ飬ȡʱԼѾһɺɫ֮ǰݱѳĶһģһ
Ѫɿɢһɫ԰ף˻˯ĸо
ⶾԱκһζҪÿ졣
һæתóµĽⶾʽݱĶָų
ϵĺɫܿȥ⻹̸ͷΣвʡ̽˶֮󣬳ϿԿ϶˵ġ
뿪˵ʲôԱߵĽȴһѷסƹͻȻĺ󱳣Ϥůӱ롣
˵ģ¶һ˿̺ͺ¡ϵĲʸ̱ůһʧ˴롣
Աߵ꿴𾪣öҩˣȻԹݱҩжǰļȻⶾҩ¡ΪЩɵʱȻԼһٸ߹ʵȴһֱڵ͹˶Է
ǸˣҲѹֻһ֮߸˵ĵ֡
꽲Լ飬⹰ֵλǶлʦҽΧλصģѾһЩĻӵע⣬պ·;ܸӼգҪæˡ
Ȿǽ֣׾̶ӻ󶼣ֻЦЦͽȻûб¶ԼݣԸոԼչ¶һ֣ټ֣׾˵ɽʵ¶ԷѾ϶Լֳݡ
ֳǴɽʽ;˲ֻҪ±ƶϳ
ֻ֪˭ûдƶѡ
ͽ˵ʵûôҪе֪˴˷ع϶ڴһΪܹڴЩˣ˵δǼ¡
˵ͽҲûôҪ˷ȥɱܣı꽫ȫûйǣڴ󶼴չȭš
˫ݻ¾Ϳɱܵļƻܲеͨˡ
ݱĶڣҲǳһ
ĬĬм£ûټ׷ꡣûݣֻǰԱߵĽһۡ
˵ݼȷʧٵĶֳ裬Ա˵ȴţ׽͸
⼸յദܵܡչмӣܵܡҲʮֵճ˵ǽҲ˵ǳܵܰɡ˳ֲƢҲر
˵˭
ֳΪƽ䲻ԭĴҡűػиĻʵۣ߹Դ˲پġľҲδĸʧٵϢ
Ʋһ򷭼ֳƶϣڿ֣ò¾ãǰƶϾǶԵġ
˼ӣڰҲûͨҲû͸¶ݵĴ㣬ֻǴŽһֳ
̶ϮܹĸʦʮӹҴͬеʬҲЩ˸У˷ǰ󶼿չ¶ֽţӮûʵôһˮͷ㵹£һ˲亦
֣׾ʹѡʯ⣬⵽ܺﱻˤһء֮⣬öӹҲһʲСĿǱģʽ¾Ϳʣµʯܹܲڳˡ
̶ʣµϵʬ塣˻ʬĵϿˡ象 Ŀ֣͵ֶ豵һޡ
úõһ̶ӣô϶ˣ
֣׾սľΨһҲֻϰˡϰ忴ϵֺֻĬ£˷Ϣû̶ɢ
ʰ̶Ժ󣬳ϰ󶼳һ·ϣⷢߵĽ黰ˡ
ϵʱ򣬺ͽ˯һĳԵؿ׹ڲͣ޸Щ׹ԽԽ࣬ƢҲԺҪȺܶ࣬ϻǸųһ˯⣬ٺͳ졣
󲿷ֵʱվԶԶıɻ
ʱ˻ᰵڿĵطְסͷ­ԭ¶ʹࡣ
ʱҲоƣ˯˺ܶ࣬ҹѵʱǿ˯Աߵ۾ĬĬؿ
һֱάϵǰһҹ
鲻 ˡ


145 ʧ
ǰһͬ˯һ, ҹξ֮ʱȴߵûкһ˯, Ա߶΢Ѿɢ˵¡
΢΢һ, ˲˯ȫޡĽ£æ·ڿջһȦ, ȴûзֽ١
пһ£ģȥջѰ, ûϽ顣
ҹеֻºͷǵ׺գСɢɢ͵ƵƹӦǿա
紵Ǽ޵СػѰ飬ڷѰҽ䣬һ˶ҹĵ·, ãȻؿãա
ʧĽϲճܻ뿪ߡѰ飬ֻһԽ͵Ŀܡ
Ѿʲôˡ
ǰ˵ͽ֮Ĳ, չ˺ýʳӣڣҲӵѾָΪ˵ʵ
ʮǰԭǰһ׸ιⱾ֮ǰǲȫʱϲ, ɺһ˳ĬؿԼŵ׺ܾãԺû顣
ʮлѾʮ죬Ҳǽȫָˡ
һһ·, غһҹɫﻯһŰֺܿʧǰ
ջؿʵĿ⣬ǰԼ֮İ
鵱ˣݱ֪ɢܿԶβõʱֻ絶ʣΨֽ鲻ָܻ޲ܹڽӦǻָԭӣ˵Ӧø˲ŶԣΪʲôĻһܡ
ͻȻʧǲѾԸһˣһкûд򣬾ѡĬĬ뿪ˡ
һƬȻصԼķ䣬ɻشϣҪůͺܶ࣬ǾֽűҲһһҹɫһ䡣
һʱȥˣ黹ûг֡
˯⣬ĬĬزŽƽ˯λãĿҹ΢ǧ˼ӿһ˲䣬˽˺һСرĳ뵽ҹȡůĶһƬл
Ѿ᲻ýˡ
룬һƽü۴ټķŽɢȥתΪƽ͡
뿪о쳣ʧ䣬ϾҪ󶼴ɱܣأҲûаٷְٵİܹƷˡ͹֮䲻ʤҲãһСٶܵȫףʱĴһǳΣա
뿪ҲǺõġ
Ļʵۣϻɽ߻аٹ䣬ʵûбҪաԽڵʵֻҪܵע⣬صűӦǼɵ顣԰ģȵ˻ȥһͳ֣͵жԿ
Ҫģùܲ˷ˣԱ֤ͽİȫ
뵽ƽ
߰׶𣬿ջ˴ƥµһѾ¿ʼ
һҹߣͷת̶ӻϡ
֪ġܵܡΪȡһʼΪġܵܡ⣬ں̶ദĹУطֶԷʵԼһʼĿõĵһӡһٽ⼸죬ܵԽһŵʣҲֻĸ缧ڣŷſȥһЩ
һֱܵܡй۲ദģʽ˿ȥֲǵĹϵá
ôһ˻ܵȥ
ϰ壬ʲôʱҩ˽ܣ⵹Ƕܵܵڲٶԣʵ
Ѿɹʶܿصйڣ֪ҵڴҲıȻԽԽãҴһش󶼱ȥҹʦ
˵ͷ쵶ն飬ȷʵǸѡ
ȻˣɱܵҲǿ̲ݻ
ܿδڵļƻ̸ֽ˼䣬󶼵ĳŽ
Ҳڳһ󶼵ʱ򣬴󶼵ĳһӰһ߹ĽַӰһɫͷ죬һüĿݣ볳ֵȺ룬˿Ϣûһǰڨġ
µӰ߻˰ѱһ͡Ⱥ·һƫƧƧĳ̧ۿǰĸۡ
ۡҴ顰 ʦ


146 ѽ
ʦǵΪĹʦרŽĸۡ, ռؼΪ̴ڶ, Ǵеĵڶʳǹ
ʱڹʦڵһ, һ۵ִŷǰһĵĽ졣ߣ, ǱزڷУÿӡô˸ѪѪƵͼ, һ۾ư
ѪɫĿնسţһȻЩԭԼ۾ʱջ򿪣ǰ֡ʹģ
ʬ·ĵذϣмѪ߻ռ䣬ƺõ󷨡
ǰ㱨ĵĽ챻ľ, ֻǹŲ̧ͷŹܵ°ڣ̲ס΢΢
꽫Ļ㱨, ΢΢´ǣȥмãô˵Ѿ˴ˣ
ǡسǵĽ㿴̶ӡǰĹȻ죬ϾǵĹʦ, ̶ܹʮˣ˾, ͬеˡʮۣʦӴʮأǹʦѣҵس̲Ҳһʱûϳ
뿪ȻʦЦһҲû뵽СӾȻѾص
Цʱ˵ĻԵɭɭý첻
һᣬӲͷƤǹʦǽҪôǷҪϣ׽ã
ǵ谮Ļӣ׵ʱ㱻𴦵ģ̤İ벽
²дҪĶӦúܿͻܵСӻýҴߣܹһ⡣
ɾݸӣǱ֪ɵЦô˵ˡ
ʦֶڵѾǸ񻰰ĴڡŹʦܹΪ꣬ͨķйڣȷʵþʲô
ֳôˣ˼䣬ܵĻ
ֳĶűʧ١һսУʦ¾֮ϵɱֳ裬ڵĽ쿴𺳡׽ٹȥֳɨβȴһĺʿŶ׼롣
Ľʿ״ȥɱ⵽һľСҴʿݣľСаһܹԼշУ赲Ա˵ĹǰΧֳʿѵ˴룬Ȼ󲶻˻ɵĵֳǺѾʧڷѩУȫʧȥӰ
ºľСʦоҲץֳͨ衣
ǻûзֳ衣΢΢һ㶣㱨ϴѲ鵽֮ˣǸ곤ĸҲ;һǡ
Ŷˣ¶ζЦݡ
ǡǸɵӵܵܺڡʦֳ𣿡
ֳʧûлصĵĽѲֳ裬һֱûջΨʱֳµˣһֵܣǸھֵʦܵǸһֱɵӣʱڵϺֳʧٵʱöϡ
ݴ˺ͻھֵʦ˳úֳ趼һ
ԭҲȷ˵ȥɱӵȫûˡ۾΢΢УϵЦݸֵӦһ˾ֳ衣
һݣǹʦǷҪץ
ƾץסܵ
ֳӵо书ͨȷʵĶ֡ĽĬûٸ˵
һֱٳٲϻʱ󶼣޷ǳһϹġܿһ۽󷨣һǵһǣҲû׼
ʦ˫ܽնɱֳҡĽ̹ά
ãͷãɱֳ⣬ѪƤģͷףܽͷ֮ޡ
ʦ䡣ĽֳϺ͹ʦԣץסڳǽʾڣСʵۺúÿҹʿ
Ц˼йת⽫¡
Ľˡ
عȥֱſڣ׼ת뿪ȻҲҪתʱıȻܵһɱĺ⣬΢΢һ㶣лûзӦظоĴһʹС
ʹԱĹض
ĽɫסͷԼؿڣֻһĽؿڴ˳
ؿڴôн
ĽɫٿرòҰףؿڴʹΪʶǿѵȥֻϡһӰ
͡ٶһӹг
Ѫ˿ڴӿԭҪ뿪ĵĽ쵹أഥ顱һ졣
⴦ѪſڴаµӰὣĬȻվţɫĮȻ̧ۻѪĵ˿ȥ
ԭֻǽ㱨ĵĽ뿪ȫû뵽ʱſڣ죬תͷԴȥֻһ˰ȻеĽѪ
˭µģЩϤʵ
û˵ĿԽԽ䣬ϡѾдıչԭͺ¶轵˼֡
㣿ʽ˲䷴Ӧͫ΢ǰˣû
ʽ̫ǬԵʱƵǵͯĿܣֳڵʱŵֻϡģǰİʹõʽһ֮ٵͯܺٸʿܵΧòɵ
ΪΪֳڤ۴ᱻ׽˽վȻֱҵĹʦ
ܹƥĿܵڽ¼Ͼһϯ֮أᣬõһֳ뻯Ľ뽭¼¼һȻҲֳȫû
˵˭
ܾؿŰ£ȴԷг֮Ŀһ˿ɱ⣬ǰһ߳һϢӰȻֱӳſ֮ĵط·֮Ȼµȫǿ쵽˵ӦӰ
ݹʲô
ӿæˣȻԼڵλãѾһӳ磬Ӳ˵ɷš
ܲˣһֱӽնϣ
ܾĪֳ֮ʱûɴɱ⣬˾Ȼܲ ԽźһԵسɱ⽣ɱŨңԸоֲ
ˣΪֳֳڵεֵܶˣ˲˿¾ֵܵһˣ뵽Ȼǹˣҵʿ׽֮ǲĪɵֳ裿ôöȻһѹûл
˵ע˵仯ͼûԻԷ񣬿˭֪һգɫûжٶȳ
 µ
ٶܴ󺧣æʹûĴ㣬æһĨ棬ϵѪʱͬһռ䡣
еĹѸٻ㼯ܵĽ£˲両Ѫ⣬ۼµĽϮʱֱһ÷ץס
͡
Ϊֳص׼󷨣Լ֮ǿҵĹץסµĽ󣬹ϵľһЩؿǰİ˵Ȼֳţұȫ־
ǽֻҪסĽ൱ڷ˶Էһ书ܿץĽЦ
𣿡ԣĿȻһǹ⻮
˵ţı󣬺һն֡


147 
ڰµ, ȻһѽѽҪȥִ, ն֣òͨѨ, ⶯ٿؾŴ
һŷǣưϵĽ, Ѿûжı赲йķɽϴ󺧣æ˷, ٵˡ
ȫû뵽ס˶Էһѽ˾Ȼһѣ
ûӦʱ䣬ӰΣһִ, һٶ׷ɱĽȰµ˸죬׷˹ܡ
ܲò, ÷ٶȼסܵѪԴԴϵǿԼʵǿѾٶ𣺡֮, ˭ѩʲôˣ
֮Ψһܹ˳ɽ¼еһ, ˳ˡѾܻ꣬ǰôᡣ˵ʲô·
ķԼΪȽѩϺܶ࣬Ѫг֣ǽѩҲ϶Ķ֡ⱾӦֳ׼ģ˭صõǰİ½ͣȻҲֻǿֵסԷĹѡ
µʲôˣ
ԼļƻƻŭؿŶԷȴԷʻǵûпгѾһĸȥ
ӹķޱȡܼæҲǱɨֱӻһѪڡ
ܲҽһòԼ˿ڴ˲һҺ壬̯һֻѾһѪɫ
㡢㡭ʶѪѾûа취赲ǰİ¡ɫһ䣬Ȼһڹ⣬ǿʹûƻΪ˸ǿΪҪ ֳֳܸģҿԸ书ֻҪ֣ԿµʢαؾһСС
˵䣬ּ˵䣬ʽøӺֵȻֱϡϻ˿ڡһʱѪעȾ˵ۡ
һǱֳ裬ѾԴܵķû뵽ǣ˵ĹȻҲǿҴ֮˸ʤ
Ҫǣոոǰջ¾Ȼһ㶼ûӣ˵ĻˡֳӻܲСıУǰɫͳһֱûʱ롣
˵ĽƱ̫Ǭ֮ʱܵĹֻǿסԼҪй۲˵ȴԽôλòһϤĸо
Ϥ̫ǬϤܸоӦڸԶʱһ֮Ե
벻Է˭
ĪرΧɱ֪Էľݣ¶һ˿֪ԼԼãʱǰ֮˿⣬Ŀһת˶ʱΪһȥ
һķɽ׷ܶȥһ֮С
 ٶȷһ˿ҽУ֮ȫܵѪ
ҲӺеˤһʬ嵱У˵رᴩ˳ֽʬϲϵˡ
ˣֱŰ˵ĽȬһˣһ߾ֵؿǰİˡ
ֱ޿ˣֵ˷ǽڡ
ǽһ͹ǽ棬ܺ󱳿ĵ棬̰ȥֻǱ˵ڵʵʵ׷֡
ϵѪѡŤŤ
ǻ¶һ˿ģɫҲֻһϵʹŤĿ޺ޡǣԺеʯһʯʯ𨣬ò䣬Ŀ䣬ɲǼ䷴Ӧֵвءвعˣ
ˣ˵ĻĿİŵؿŰˡǰİһԣ̬ʶ˶ʮǰвİ
ʮǰвأвͰ·񣬵ʱᱦûļעĵܣԶǰҲֻǲдһӡѡ
˲ûлش˳ֳУ¶һ˫̶һۡ
Ҫ˸вأӦһġεؿŰˣĿ¶һ˿ʣһῪвʢʱټǹ㣬Σ
վڶûжĻֻ̧𽣡
ˡֱӹܵ
*
ִ󶼺Ȼʼץ͹ʦϵһ߲֣һߺ͹ʦĵͯȷʱ䣬ȷ˵󶼵ĵڶҹǰʦ͡񡱡
͹ʦĵͯʱʱóҲԱˡ
֪ڻԼֳݣ˾޷ְܡĿǰĿһ£Ҳû˵ʲôֻĬĬʱͰš
İУһ޻֮˵٣ֱݱĶʱڰżʿΧ˹ʦȷ˴жһʧ
ȴףʵڵĽ롣ݱĶжԸܵЧ뵽˴ûԣֻǺһӳԷֱҹĻŻصջȡҹеĺ¡
ڵĵļϹģѾǶѾٴװ·̲סԼߵλá
ǰôճˣߵĽѾˡ
⻺һúɫͷһ嵶Ⱥʱĵ
˽ϡ٣ջ´֨֨
Ա߻û˻
һһӿջĶ¥ķһԾԾܿ쿴Уʦ
ͼƻг룬Լȥҹܡ
ֻǾؿţǰϡһ˼ӣ㿴һ޴һƬΡĽǰʦɷ裬ȥʮְ
ƹţſȥ
ⱾҲƵǼȴᵽһѪȵζƧĴլΪԡ
½Ų ΢΢ü
ɽٵվѪȵζѾΪһݣ˸ļƻһԾʦķӷ濴ȥ
һ֮£óɫ˲˱䡣
ʱĹʦѾʦſڽ㿴Ϸߵʬ壬ʬװƶǹʦ̴ӡ
û뵽սʦһľ£ʬ壬ܿ췢Щʬ嶼Ǳ͸Ķַɴ䣬ʶ
ǰ˼ֿͨŵ·ϣֵʬ壬״֮ǰͬ
ԣЩ˵ɽʮơ
⿴΢΢㶣ȻԼݵһκͽΡʱ鰸ӣ·һĴկկʬһ·ߵַһǽġʱΪ࿴һۣ㿪ʼ˺ͽ˵Ĺϵ
ڡ
⿴ŵϵǽ壬лȻһʲôûȥ˼ʱţʰֱѪһ¥ȥ
ġ
ȴļ١
һʼֻ·ٶȽӿ죬رܲѾֱӶṦҴææصӹȥ


148 
Խʦ, һ·ʬԽ࣬Щʬ󲿷ִŵĶǹʦ̴·, еĿеɢŵ, ֳ򶷵ĺۼȴ١
ɱǵ书ѾЩ֮ϡ⴩һȣһܵſڳ, ſڷһʬ壬ʬЩ죬ǺһĽ, ʱϻžǰʲô𾪵顣
ĽµѪɢûȥá
һɨ˵̧ۼŵſڣĽŵؼҪɤۡ
ǰܾܿн顣һʦ, ȻȷĿģն̬ȣܿΪԼʦðյġ
Ǵɽ, ڵĹʦҲֻнΪһ
ɽԵǹܣƶˡ˷ʤսɫ
Ժ, Լûʱź͹ġһ󷢻ţæǿ򶨣γе嵶, Ŀһɵһ߿ڵĵš
ڳǰһ䡱һ졣ڵŻΪмͬʱѾᵶɱɨӡ
״Ѫ󣬴ʱŹĺ⡣Ϻʬ壬óͫһӽĿ⼸ʬãһһȷʬòԭ˲Щ͡
ûԤϵĴ򶷣ʱԵ쳣
ᣬʶɨ鷿ÿһطزһ˿˵Ϣʱ˸飬͵תͷڿ˵ڵг
ͫװתײһɫӰ۾һգգؿŵڽ䡣
ĿѪ֯·ǣҵİɫӰҲڡֻڵĽ䴦һ˿ǽίڵأϼΪѪˣΨ·ϵ۾·жϳݡ
˵ĲԶһںĶڵϣһѪ̵̻ؼ˺üĿſǺںһ˵ͷͷһ˾ֵ顣
ǹܵͷ­
ʶ˿ĭֻԼеĽڿʬʱ𾪺ţԭɤ۵ڷЩʰɢĽ࣬ʬԱվİӰ
ӰʱȾ˲ѪϳֽϲѪűԵһһεصڵϡȻովһӰӦǸոйܣϵѪû̡
Ѫе˵ϢѾȫͬʮǰʣֱͦӰȻʱſ˴룬˿
Ϥ纮̶һĿ⡣
ڶʮǰͶԷһӵߣԼļ˵Ѿ͵չ˵ʱͥĿҲòһˡ
⿴ŶԷϤòֿʱǧ޴Ҫ˵ɴʱٶٶĽʱ˵ĻȴںС
顣ڻһԷ֡
ȾѪ΢΢㵣û뵽ʱᴳʦݵľȺĿһ£ǳ֮ǰвϵȫͬ
⡣ټĿռӦ
һǰƺ֡
ʱףѾˡ
ͺá⿴ǰĳ棬Ҳ֪ô˵ĳǸһֱ͸ʱ֪鵽ʲô֪ôͷŶԷ°ڣæֵܻͺá
°ڶ˶˵Ŀϡ
ûлشԼĻ
лҳܡֵ
š˵ˣ͵͵һ
һˣþû𣬽鲢û˵⼸ʮദĹ
һĬ
ⰲά˺ܾãֻһܣ뵽뿪Լʱ⼸գһ󷢻š
顣ʲôסƵģ죬ҵԼ֮ǰ㡭˵ʱ֪ܲѾ
⻰ʶͨĽ˵һΣò׼ʲô״ֻ̬ڲ˵Ժͻ׷ĪҲûˡ
ʱѾ˺ܶ࣬˵ʱҴûôܹǰ˵̫ˣǡǿڡ͵ųɤ
⿴Ž°ڣᵽǡȴûվڶĽֵʱԭѾˮƴңʪ
ûóȥ
⣬ҶǵáԴϵ
ǵõ˼ǽǵǲȫ¡
͵һæ̧ͷǰĽ飬ȴԷ˫ͨ죬Լ㵵Ŀ⣬ϺȻ¶һЦݡ
Ц˳͸ոջָĽһӣɾʮִ⡣
⿴΢΢һ㶣ȻһϢоһ֣һѴ˵ţ§ԼĻ
㡭⧲˽һ˸ýоͬϸѩһϢձȵĺԼ
齫Ⱨøеƣ͵͵⣬ֻҪ㲻ߣұһֱԶߡ
΢΢һ㶣Ȼۿʪ󣬽鿴ĵط
յķֻʣı˴˸ţԵüΪ
Ҳ⾲׵ķ⣬ȻһصĽŲ
ˡˡˡ ǽŲǧ֮ ԵʮֵغءŲ֮ʱûж⣬ֱƽÿһͬһڲ϶Ļҳڲͣض䡣
ŲķǳҴġ
ԽԽóͽ鶼йвõԤУҲŵſڣ¶һ˿ص顣
˼ͬʱ˶Էһ̷ۣӦһ嵶
ڽǰȴһְֻסԼļѾһλվǰ ѪĽһ ٿһ֮ʱһѳͬǰľСһڿС
һѾӴ˲ٽˣӵﱾȴͷһΡ
ͬʱ䱸ؿŵſڣȴſڵĽŲԽԽͬʱĻһ˵͵͵˻ȥɭֲ
ǸˣƺǸˡ
 ֱֱؿ ſڣ˾ʮɵĵطʲôֻһĿӣа˳֮ߣĿⷺź⣬뷿ϵѪңӦÿһгصĺҰ޵Ϣ
վڳǰȻҲ˵ӡ˲۾̽ؿǰˡ
ʲô˾ˣʵ
˺֡ǰ𣬡񡣡
 ĪǾǸķ²򱱽
Ȼ˹ܵ
һݣæˣֻʱͣ۷ףؿڵλá
дǵϢ
ҲײʱȻ˲е˳˹


149 ѽ
Сģͽ鼸ͬһʱڡ
ǽίι򱱽, ݺ͵λӵޱҪĵλͷɢò, ѾȻͬ˵ĺ, ۱ɺĹâ嵽кٶȾޱȹֿһ, ̤֮ԭƽĵҡβѡ
ٶȿúˣͽ鴥˼, æһһ߱ĳơ
䡪ºͰӰٷȻǸովĵطذѾѣԭܵڵǽ洦ֱƿһεĴ󶴡
ǽשɢһأ۳䣬ѷ첻ϵ졣
ڴ, ۵ʬŤŤغţĸӡһӡѪģ, ǱոճײһŲȴںѪҺĽһȳζ
ӦǱܷ²󱻶ֽš¹ʱҲû뵽Լ³ȱɱ֡
ܷ², Ȼ˾
Ͷ͵ĵսֻվ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬æڴȥʶֻоصĽŲûԶȥ, ǽͣһ£שصһͷͷ­ִƿĶڴ˽
ͬʱϵѪ󷢳ޱҫ۵ĺ⣬̼Ⱦ۾
ʼʼźĻͷ­ϵ۾ؿվڵڵİˡ
Ŀоη̰óһ˲ޱϤĸоȻ뵽вЩ۾һݡ
ǰûм񣬵ʱǰԹƺɫǵˣܿǹвĹ
вصĶԶǳӦġ
飬ߣæ
ȻĻճڣ͵رʣͬһʱ̣Ӱͬһٿؾȥٶȸ޷Ӧ
鱾ʱæٺˣгִҪȴ˷ܵعֽһֱ۱ǣһץ
µѪӳ֣½¼涼κһˡɫһ䣬æ㿪ȴƾֱɨǽڡ
䣡ǽٶȱ򴩰棬ԭĶڴѷѣ̼Ȼľ죬ש顢ľͷڽͷ̮¡
ոƻǽڣصĽҲ֧Ųסƻһб
꣬޴ķźȻµĽڰվŵλϡźȻĳ̣Ӱ̱û̮Ľ֮¡
顪ͫ׼־ǵӿͷ˲ʧȥɫ
ѹ˵ϣͨ˸û취
ɫҰףֵͺһһһ鱻ûĵطȥ
˿ֲ顣æսе嵶Ѹķȥ
¶һ˿ɫкȥ
𡪡죬תɺ۾ո¶ֻѾֵǰһ֮˲佫Էͷ­£
еĺϨȥͷ­ӵϹ䡣
һУΪѾƷûκγɣҪǰӪȽ飬زԡ
ѪϵĹâûֹоһĿֱֱضԼ
һ㵣æͷȴڵϵͷ­ʱϾظֳһ˿Цݡ
񻹻ţ
󾪣ҪսȻߣͷʬͷ­ЦѾ̧һ
顪˲䷢һҺߣµӰ˴ӷϱصڵϣٶȼس
汻ҵùѡ
ϲдѪɫɿȥڵʹţǰһ󷢺ڣȵ߽߬ؿڣһ߲ȥȴһѪ۵³
ؿھʹѵ·ֻص֮ǰصʱӡ
ڵϳµȴּɢһ˲Ѿ亹޷
Ա߻һͷ­ڶ
Ҳתͷ­Ŀ⣬˱ûĽ飬һһ
ÿһŵĲ
ǡ㡣ͷ­źϺϣһĹĿҲʼ̰ޡ
ʹѵƽһ߿תһڵϺˡ
𡪡ģٶȳһ˿˷ܣһֻĲץȥ
Ŀ࣬һֱֻϳĲӡ
æץڵرߵĵҪ񵲣ͷȴȻһƿյһѱ԰ֱ׹£һبڳ֮䣬ֱϴԷζڵϡ
õֶ˶١
𡪡񰧺һȴŭ˻
⽣ʵͻȻûзӦһ˿ʣ붯Ҫӵϰγȴִиյһѱһ֡
̶̲һӵʱ䣬˫ַأȻֱӶ˵ϡ
նͻȻ˭ĵز
⿴þ㵣ȴķڵʵʵĳоȻȻ͸ɫĹߡ
ǽոձλã
סؿڣһʱʹĿѾرı仯ռݡ
ͷ­һУϿʼء˵ųĻ廹ڵϲʵ类˹̶β͵㣬ʱڵϷŤţÿһΣϼƼȺˡ
ⱻö߷һ󶯵ѪӿһѪü洦İ׹ԽԽĿæֲ̧ȥԼߵѪóڵϵѪ
Щش˿
İ׹Ѿϵ棬ͷ·֮⡣Ͽʼϵб֣е԰ճ£֣еӵͻȻ֣壬䣬ɢź
бǣƣֹͣ׶ڵϣΨͷ­ϵ׹Ųš
ԭƽķʱͣ¡ţƲͷ­Ŀ⣬ǹ⻪ͻȻһİ׽ȻӷƳٿȻͷ­
ͷ­ֵعֽһ̼пֲĹֱ̼ͷ­ȻĿеҲʧʬһڽϹš
ⱻ׹Ŀ۾⽣źȻԼаɫ°
Ľû¡
΢æ̧ͷ˿ȥ
ǰʱ򣬽ֶ˲ٻҳϵѪͳһѾǺһʱһȻģŵؿԼ°һѾ
⣬ôǺǰһһѷԼ󣬱ֵסԼĺģظ
ůһ֫ٺţů͡
ºеһоĿڵʹԻЦȵüʱûˡ
ֻϡ֪Լ浲סʱ򣬳üĿڳӡ
Ц֧վȴԼոճ壬ǰȴһڣµصϡ


150 ƺ
ٶȱס
۾˳˻, ȵ۾ָʱüԼ͵ĵĵĿ⡣
ǰͽһʱ, ûеɫζŵʲôֱʱĳϦദ, һЩĸ顣
ֻڳĹ״Ѿһˣ⿴˽һ, ܿƿߡ
ս۽ǺȻƳͷ­תƻ
񱻹ܿʧȥǣѾˡӦų, ǹĶƣ㲻ɱҲһ챻ãԸ
Ըոչֳʵһǧ˾Ӷ¡Ŀܱ͵ս, ͳ˧ʱսʿǹԣ϶һȷѪꡣ
ҲǹܵĶ֮
͵Ϳһ, Ĭؿʬ塣λǰε򱱽ʵڴ֮ǰûмʱѶǳáֻǾǵռң¶ᷢ츲صı仯
Ѿָ, ȵٻصֽһֵʱ档
˲˼˼ȴȻоһ, ˫գһɳصĸоȻ
һ㶣æйѾһȦıһNѣ˴ӵϱ
һ㶣ѵʱٱ˺ᱧ۾æѵ⡢飬ҿԼߡ
ˣҪǵûĻַⱧøˡ
̱ڽıؿ֮䣬һƺߣԷ
鱧úܽûиѵĻᡣŻСȣȴǽսֻգڽĻ
ʶǰûбһӵǰֳϲ뿵һܻ飬ϴϵġ䡱ǩҲн٣ֻһֻ۱һֻûй⣬˭гһնԸûڴȻ̹ȻؽԼһ˴һ
黳ﻹϸѩϢ͸ϴů£óһһغֱӽͷıѡ
飬û¾ͺá洫Ƶ
Ŀ΢ȣͷŻ꣬ٶ¶ޱȵϧ
⣬תС
·裬Ȼ
ܵߵķشӽǰ⿴ȥķ桢ʦĽڷɿصӣԶȥ
ʦڣмֱӰڳϿӰȴڲͣСʧ
⿴ŷŵһУ§顣
ȥģʵ
鴹ۣڳĶһǡ
ɽׯ
ʪĴڳĶ£紵ֱ΢΢һ㶣
˫ֻϽĲӣڽļձǳǳػӦȵĺľߡձߡ
áӦ˸飬ƣҹƻ
*
ĵĳɽׯλòۣλڴ󶼽⣬ѡַһũǵΪ׷ܵúŲʱһվ㣬гһջó
ҹ˯Ժճԭպһͬ˯µĽѾӰΨ̫Ӵ͸
㶣ʶԼѾ˯˴ʱˡ
нߣ˯תãѾǰһмԼļ˺ãټҹԼƺͽһ鶯ѽ⣬һҹƣ˯Ҳġ
ȹߣ⿴Ŵʷ˻䱻֨ѽһ򿪡
ˣɫһ䣬æŴȥȴһϤӰһ߹
ׯ˾ǺŲߡ
ʱĺŲϵѾһ̵Ķ̹ӣȥ˵˵İࡣ̳ŴϵЦֹӣˣ
šŲ߽ţ϶֪ͽ˯һ𡣳ɫ΢΢һ죬æǿ򶨵Ӧׯô
µʱŲ߻ھӪˣʲôʱ򵽵ĵģ
ʣŲ΢΢һЦǻǵġ
뿪ʱҲգŲôôʱ󶼵ģĪǡ
⾪㵣ȴŲѾЦŴʮǰعӷɸ봫ҵġʱڵľѰҹӵ䣬ű˹
ʮǰҲ̶Ϯ죬ԭǸʱѾˡ̶ôãֱ쵽󶼵ʱԼһǰʦɱܡ
ڴ΢΢һ㶡
Ų߿űûܿ콫еŵߵֹӣعҸ׼·һʼҲ֪Ҫ·ûü׼һЩ
ɨһ۵ɢĺ£ֿۺŲϵ··һ죬ɫӡѾԼ֮ǰҪúܶࡣ
Ų̷ˣʵص·϶ڻʹ϶㲻ϺáԼ㣬Щ⡣
ֻ磬ԭΪ˱飬˭гһͽһ
ãͷԱ߰ɡһ죬æɿһ
ŲӦڳĴ߷źá
ڵòѾָΪӣŲչ˼֮꣬δʱڿ⸱òֻԷģɿɾɢл͸¶һ˿ɫ
ˣعģȺŲ߷ź̲סʵ
Ų΢΢ЦЦŰݷãعӦȥˡ
ǽ鱨վӦʮزǣȻ˻ݷáɫ΢΢һ䣬Ų߲գûʲôΣգŰ˿
Ų߼˶ˮԭҪ£һ뵽飬һ죬ܾ
ﻹͣȵŲ뿪󣬱һ˷´ϺŲĺ£ݲϴһ飬ͷȥ
ĵλռز󣬳ûһķ䣬̫ʦΰڷţӦǴõλá
ӵ𣺡֪ѣλҿɱ֤߽ʮս¡ϣΣ
ģȻҵԼͽŵ㡣ˣϳ˽ݣ
һݣӿŲߵſڣȴһ£ϴۿŲյû
нŲһʱķ򿴹
վţĿı䣬ŷ򿴹ǳſڣ΢΢һ㶣Ŀⴥľ䣬ƿ¶һ˿ɫ
ĿԲطӦæָסԼĲӡ
ˣ鿴󣬷вյ⡣
šסӵ˵ͷæſڴһôˣ
ҹߵĴæû·һ·˹
ܹҵвص޻֮˱Ѿ˵Сб£һ·ṦУ׷ٵ˵ֶ֮Զͽĵһӡ
˵ԷǺܿ˻ȥǱϹϾִˡ
Ǽǳĵܵܣ֪ԼαװѾʶƣܹϳ黹ʮ־ȣûгţֻź͵͵Ӧһ
Ҳû뵽⾹ȻΪϵĺӡֱӲˡһ뵽ոյģͨ
ڳ⣬֮ǰֻѵֳ裬һڼǿ۾ôҲû뵽ⲻֳ裬ʵ۵ˡ
ʵ۵ݸ棬ǰڹʦԼԼ˻벻֮ǰֳߵδȫӣ


151 
뵽ֳߵİµܵ,ٿڵĺ½飬껹һֲʵĸоֳ֪ͽ֮䵽׷ʲô,̶ӵʱͿ˾Ӱ룬ҹһ,˯Ҳǿͬһͬһʱ򻹾ΪΣ˶Ѿȷ,ĹϵʮֵѰζˡ
ĻʵѾǻ꣬ݴһֱã˵ǲʺ,ҲûӰĵ˻СʵΪЦڿĺ֮λ²Ů˵ġ
ֳ书ǿΪ궼޲һĹĽʿ˵λִòΪ˸ˬ,ԸᲢãǸ̲סĽˡ
͵ĵѾнǰ,껹Ƕ˶ǿѹϵ糺죬ѵϣղ˵顭
ղںͽ˵λ顣̧ͷĿѯʽ,ȴˡšһȴûӦ»ٿǡ
ǵ˼пܾǲͬ⣬΢,֪ǰѾǸƲµİ꣬üǺܿϣ֪ԼλᣬҲŵϾʮ̫٣֮궼άϵϵ֤ƽȡ
һ㶣˵Ұģ񲻹һӣȻҲڽǰ˺ڡ
֪ˡ黹ǲػش
üʱѾ˵ѾûٴıҪֻسһ£ǡ
ȵת뿪Ŵӷſ̽һۣıӰʵʲô
鿴ųվſһֱŲӣƵЦ̧ԷϣҺܹɱ
Ŷ˲۾
ɱȷʵǸ뷨ֻҪһңͿƽ͵ڱ߽Ľ֡
ڹѾѾӵ˳Ӧûܹвõ顣ûйܴ߹Ӧÿ԰ɱڽ˵ԵЩࡣ
˾ȻҹйĻʵɱԼĸף˳Ǹ֮±Ƚ黹Ҫ
ˣǵĵλؽյŵ
Ѿתͷ˼䣬ȴȻоԼ򥱻һ̧¶ľ
һ㶣۾¿ȥȴ죬ڰµһһſ
ǽԶ֣治֪Ų߸Ŀʽ
ۺúҹµĺۼȴ֪յøˡæǻô룿
ᵽĵλ鿴ųһ󣬻ȻЦһ֮սλ̫ȡȻѾڵģҴȥ
Ҳȥ̵
Ŵ۾ų岻ʡ
һ㶣˰ŷӦ˵岻ʲô˼ɫ˱䡣
飡
ڵһĿڴȴȻִһʹȻ
ëַˡ
ôˣѯʵĿ
ɫ΢ףȴ½鿴״æҡҡͷû£ֻǵȥǱ߻ʲôΣա
һСġĿ΢΢һֻ˳ųĻ˵ȥ
΢΢һЦȥɾ䣬һûµһ
ҹкҲǶصˣĿڵʹȴĪطѾǰֱӡһ±鿴߶ģԼƷΪ׸ҲǿŽһȥ̽ա
ڽг򽣶УӦò谭
нѣһе²죬ﴦŲ߻㱨鱨ֺͳһ𡣵ǳ뿪̶ӱһֱûٻȥֻڽŶԷ
վŪһ֧ıʡ
죬źŲ߳󶼵ķ뿪Ŀ飬صó˴ıʣÿԼӡ
ϵġһۣ͡ǽǰûиҴ֡Գ飬ڵҲûʱĵ
ֱ˽Ŀ֡
ִҲľС
ַĺۼִʣ档
һ㣬΢۵ĴУصִ࣬ԼϿһ顱֡
š顱һЦҪ±ʣȴȻһȵĴС
һ㶣ͷȥֻϵġ顱ֻڣԱߣȴһΰɫֱϡ
ʲô
ȻкȻӿһԤСȥϵҺ壬ȴϳһѪ
顱ֱѪɫȾԱȴһѪ
ؿ˰ѪķæֲһԼıǴȵ̯ƵʱȴԼָѾ˴ƬѪ


152 
ɫѪֵƤγĶԱ,ӳУȻԵޱȴۡ
㶵ؿеѪڷӦʲôɫȻû,æֱǴٻؽַԼǰ,һƬɫ
еĴڵϣžһ졣ĿľګãȻؿǰ,ʼ²
æ,ڷҵһ澵,͵ط,ڿԼʱģ
üϤʱǼѾ̯һѪ,бողϵģҲл,ѾȫѪɫȥĿģģɲ
һɫ֣ÿΪԼۺõ,ڿϵ״
һʱʱ,ǵûĻ,ֳ豻ɱµ˿λá
ȻϾӲٿæסǴҴææȥ,ûߵһ룬ĿڵʹȻٶȴæסŲ,¶ʹ֮ɫòԱߵ̱
黹ûҲûбˣΨгһ˿Ž䣬亹شϢţĿ޽ؿǰ۾ȴһƬһƬˮӿ
һʼΪԼˣ˲ϵĺۡһ˲׹Լ⼸ؿڵʹǵ𣬶Ϊǿܶǰƣó갵ֽŵ˿¸
뵽ϵԴڳǿ糤ĴڶӭľͷڳġʬҲȻܵӰ졣
ֻһΣֳˣѾûٻһٻûٹʹԵĺֹܿܽĺڰ
ڲŸոպͽȷϵǰһ̻źͽһһͻʵȫֲ޴ӷӦҲ֪ôԡ
Ĳһֱ񻯣뿪ǽһô죬˻᲻ΪԼһηֻô
˼ͬ򿪷ӵĺˮһȻ뵽ɢ֮ʱִһ˾ۻ֮ʱСĵ飬ֻĿһϢ
㶵ڵϣֱվ˵ڴŻȻ
˵ϡǺŲߵģǽˡ
˸մվ㣬Ѱ·ǵס
æϵѪý鿴ʱԼֲģæȥԾ䡣
ʶ֮ſŵȴһͷֻǵײײṦһֱһبŻͣ½ŲطԱߵ֦ɣһһߵӱߡ
ӱвٸŮϴиӺӱƮǵصĸҥãȻһᣬʶԼǰľȻһδӽ˵ɺӡ
ɺӿмˮƱӿڶٶȼ죬ӱ߰кˮڳˢγɵǳ̲Сˮ⻺ʣɽС볤һһһһ໥ӳģγľۡ
Ȼ֮䲻ǼĴ꣬Сһڣȴɭ䣬Ŀ
⿴ɺãڸϪϺϵѪֱˮϸԼɾͣˮƣһ
ˮΣ˺
ҹɫֽӱϴµŮһڽ
ʱ·Ѱȥֱɫڣտҹһȵĵƹ𣬵ƹԱߵľǳɽׯʱվӡ
վԺӴվһӰ߷һյĿ
ĹߴϣճӰֻ˺ɫһװͷ죬ԺĶȻ̧ͷķ
۾ٶʪæڰ۽ǣתһЦСܹȥ
顣˵֡
Ŀ΢ܿ΢΢һЦֱסܹˡ
ʱȻ⣬ʱпܱ˿ȴضӵڽ黳һź˷ֿ
ϻʪӺδɵ޷üȥˣôôŻ
΢ϣĵüۣû˵ʲôֻЦЦҵ£ȥ㣬û뵽ôͻˡ
΢΢һ㵣ЦݣܿҲЦ˸ùѾΪȨһ½ͷöŵʱûзܿͽˡ
ʵûзڵĽ˵޼¡ʵˣ
黺ҡͷֻŰֵûУһڡ
ҲǽѣûԱһȺӻ񣬸ҰĵԱߣδһ¡
һ֣ԸĸԻλһͳﱸĻᣬֱӶЩ˷ҵźţʱ´󶼽һѪȷ硣
һڣ㲻Ҫŵ߾һʱ
һţһ߸ŽǰУ߱߿Ž󱳣طĵҡҷѵɶѣҲ֪ȼ˶ãԺ˶á
ܻܿһϡ
ˣá
ⲻ룬æϽĽŲ˲ǰС
ĵˣǽȥȥʵ
ͷվԼߵĳ⣬ɫ
ǻűء
á͵Ӧ
*
˵ϢŲ߹ɢϢںܿʹڵ˵ϢϢȻ׷̽̽ƣ·Ҳʼ߶õ֮ʱŭƱøء
ԶǸİһ̷еԱа壬Լܾܿͻ˽¡
̻̲һӦӵĿ̽һ뵽ܹ߱ڣӻʹƽأиһ£һд̣ò˲ͣؼǿ䱸Ψִپ
ɽ֮ơ֪Լʱˣץλӱٶǰվ˵һлյũʱֻũտҲվĽˣֳ衢鶼ѾӰ
ɽׯڴ˵صվѾ¶һΣȻͬһط䣬ϼѡ
꿴ȥ¥յƽԳһֳ軹ǽ飬¶мԼŵл
˲֪ǣ̶ϮʱҵԴǻġ
ţת뿪
ʱĳͽѾڷ·ϡ˸̶ϣʱʮ·̣ʱкŲߵİţһ٣ֻʻʱࡣ
뿪󶼵ĵգŲյ󶼵鱨ƴִ˿̴ɱһεĴ̿Ͳǽ飬ݶǶȥ֡
֪ŭʼץӡ
Դ˿ʼ
Ųߺͽ顢֪Ϥºĵ죬Ѿе߾Χ
ɽ·ʻϣһ¡¡ڲԶɽ··һ㡣
һ㶣ʶʲôгɱź𣬾쳹


153 ͬ
ɱ尡,ϡ˵ĳɱ̤ײںԶ֮
ʵ̫Ϥˡ̱,ȡ߷õ嵶
üȳһÿ,³ѯ
ͣ£ǰ濪·ĺŲ߻,ڵĶһͬǰг,ץס,ǰսɱ,ǰ̽
˵ûʱǵλѾٽ߽,ײսܾܿǵֱ֮սԵͷ,ֻԭصȺ̽ӻر
Ųߴ˶ǳɽׯĽ֣ȷȥ̽ʱӱ㷵أƾɽ·ǰɽȴеĺʼս
ֳͽ̳º,ɾʦںͽļλϽס档űط,εľνŲ,ֻżɳһЩСӣƵкݺ;衣ƽʱ͵УʱͻȻƺƴսʲôԭøھʱ,ŷϡ
ͳ໥һۣȡƥ̽λǰУȻһɽԵǰɽ߿ɽ,ִӭչ׾ɱǰںѺ͵װʿ̱ӣȼ亮ս׷ɣսϵشӹдһһ鼤˵ĶĤ
ĴΪĻڿڣľӲϺĻը֮йĺ˵Ƥظʴž׺͵档
ɱивҽ𣬶սһӲɱ£ΪһźӧȳУνСǹǰһɫȴʮĿڴಢŵĻһõ꣬УξװеʿоһɱУ֮Թ衣
սѪսֹڼһʿȻзԾӯĳǰĽǰ
о״ʿӵϣʿΧȥ
м𣿡վɽϣȻʵ
Ŀ΢΢һ⿴
û˵ԣŲ߼״ȡ
ɽׯִؼ˵ķ֧ΪŶݼ֮ĺˣӵϺõı⡣ӹŲùĹѹͨڣоƣӲֻͦһԱ֪ǷƷ
΢ЦлңȻüĿһһ̤ɽǰʯһȡڹ֮ϣԲ
ɽз½ǣɽ޸ս
ȥṭһеļͬ˷ɵİ׹⣬ս֮м˷ӣ羢Ħ졣
֮лĽĩȻΪһ棬ųȼͬ׹еĻУȻһֱ͸ڳָӽ壬˴Ʒɡ䵽˺ྡྷֹȻִڵϼһ󣬷Żͣ¡
⾰ͻȻľȻæǽ촦ȥֻǽ챻УʱڵһȻ
ԭҪ˶ȡн׼ʿոո񵲵߰˰˴̧̹۱㿴һȻһȻӦĿдһ˿ϲ͵ķ򣬴󺰵ֳ裿
ĵľɫ䡣
ʿȴѾɽϵˣֻսڵԶɸߵɽϣһִԶľ޷ĿɾϤˣɽӵ÷ĺ£뿪Ķֳ˭
վɽߣԼòһһ㱻ֳڸǣٱңһ
һķǺӧǹŻڱƴ¸壬ХֱӶʿľףǵȻɨӪ̨ӲƷ
䣡̨ԭغ棬̱ըڿڣĴը
ֳֺӧǹŮӼ˷üһ˿ϲɫؿǷȼļһƬǺȻҲ׹ķȥ
ִˣߣѾ꾪˷ܵغִ˻ˣ
Ů¶Цա
һɨǡĽȻϵ֧Ŀľ촦ȥ
ľ֮վڸߵأʱ̨ըѾע⵽ɽϵӵƥϵս󷽳ȥ
һˣҲƶеʿ޵⣬ʱ̻ȻƶϷ׷¶⡣
ޱ飬о£Զľ촦
ˡң𵴡ٶȴȼĻɫŵĵĺХ
ѪڴӵıȺнԶľȻ£ֻʣһ·ʬ塣
˧˧ˣˣμľӶʱǿĽһһ£ּ̨Ա챻նʿʱ
Ӻɱ쳹ľѹȥ
״¹ߵ嵶ѪӿʱȴɽϿȻĿǧȥ
ҪɱУһ𡣡ߺȻ
̧Ȼؿ飬˲֪ʲôʱҲվұߣһɽⳡս
ϴ£Ѿг֡
㡭˵󣬲ڴʱ¶棬ȴ΢΢һЦѾ˿ڽ̧ϵϡ
˵պܿ챻ڽڣóȻ
𣿡ϵ̧
⵱һ͵͵Ǳʹ֮ʱҲԽ棬ֻڵĽȵֻṦҪǿˣ⿴ŽȻ͵Ц
ͽӻѾʱղ࣬н飬뿪֮ǰٸоµ
⿴ŽĿ̶ˮ峺ͷÿ䣬׻һһ䡣
׻棬˵ԸԶҲǡ
ܿԼ䣬Ŀֱǰء
ãҳԸͬۡ
*
̣ĵɳַ϶жͼдı֪Ϣ󲻸Ҵ⣬ٻ֮ǰ߾Ԯ󶼡ϢԣĪ¶˷פűصľʦڵ̵֪ڵľӳ֮Χɱϣ̲ػڵľڻԭؽս˫սȺʮ򣬹ģ޴󣬱Ϊԭ֮ۡ
ԭ֮һսУĴܣԭڱ߾פصľһս룬ָӽԱնɱʧȥ쵼ĵʿǱɱĴɢɾ󲿷ʿ²󶼳صʿ߾ʮȻֻʣһɡ
ֵһǣⳡսУʿع⣬н߷ƾ֣էէ˧ֳʧһºڴսеս֣һϮɱսʿǰǣɱУѪʫƪ
ս˵ʤǳ֪˾ʢŭѣоܶδزΣڵϦ
ʱͽѾصűءһսͻȻ֣ȫڡǡ˵ϣһǣ̾ͱΧסϢҲҴææظϹֹס꺮ůعġ


154 ίе
⻹ǵһαô˹,ȻؿߵˣֻԼһȥ˵Ľܵ飬ʡ˽ԼԼĵ¼
˵ɱܵʱ,ǵ˻ǵһڴųѹյϢƹʦһҹԭ˧ֱʡʧȥʦ,˵ӦϾ˼߾űػɰˡ
ɱʵǽΪ,Ϊ,ûд¹,ɱܵͷȻȫøԼ΢΢һ,̧鿴ȥʱֻվԶ,ü˳ܱ
ƺĿ,̧ۣܿ⻺չնЦ
ĺȻ̹һ㣬ᡣ
µĽµʱ䣬ںͺŲһͽƵʿװʵ,ٰĻס,Ӳǽѹʱ,ȻٲһѵҪڽɢ¾ۻɹѾ׼ǰ飬Ҳ㼬֡
ԭսеı,ʣµĲоѾɲвڱ߹գһɨһβһʿؾǡ
Ļʵ,ĸǰ߹ΣԳأѶѾûɡǾǳǧ򻯣Ҫ»ع
ΪڱƺոڵԭͺĲԮ±ţӪӪ졣ڼʾģԭĵĵĲо״ɢʱս
ĵľӱúƢټϴ󶼾Ʋ߹ؽվӶǸ⣬Щľӵһֳ־ֱӳʮٶԿ߹ʧأòɱ͡
дһѯдһȻŻѪֽߵ㡣⿴ֽһڻǳĬؽֽٻ٣һݣɸǡ
źܿҲŻ˵˺Ҫ㣬һֽѯʳģĩ˻ἰȳؾǵ顣
ǷûлĻ
⿴Ŀˮ⣬ڰǰػؿһʱĵؽԸںڽ׼͵̸С
벻ǣεǰ̸еʹǵĵľꡣһ˷߹Ѿݣ˵һ䡰ܼηɣҡӦдССǩºͽ飬Լ뿪
һøڵԸ⣬̲ס⣬ѵֳ棬ΪҪ˵ηɣ
ô֣ãܹǼ¡
ʱ뿪Ѿ£ϾĺѾţرѩڻ¸գдȻʱзڶ̲ݿѿ˼ɫ
µĽ죬ʩ̷ؾǡ
һ·ƺƵѭʱĵ·ȥȻ˵ľȻͬ⿴;羰ʱܹ뿪飬ֻ޲þʹ˲ɻؾǣ¼Ǹһֱڵˡ
ֻϧʱտѾˡ
ǰУһ˶Եƻ𡣵еǲʱʱžӪĵ룬ٽǵʱøƵʱҲੲݡ
ִˣ˵ξϻνʲô
Ҹոͷ˵˵λϻؾһҳ˵λϻд
ִˣֽ㵽ڲ
ʲô˵Ҳؾͣԩûܳȥֻİ
ӣȰȰң

ڳӪֵüɹȴ̲סЦЦǸ˺һӣûеžǰһ
񺰹麰ڶ컹ʵʵػصӪžоͨĲڱǿ㱻ôץѵջǽ磬û¶顣
оһº󣬾Ǽǰפڳ⡣һҹ󣬳ڶǧ˽ʿ׼ǣ˾ȴԭͨŵĴϡ٣ȫͬյ
ڽĸ⣬һ·̣Զоǻһſִ죬лҡ⡱ӭŷչ
裬һ𣬽ٴ¡¡ڵϼ죬˲Ѫȡ
ӱػĽʿѭǽϿȥȴſվСƷԱ麲֣ͷѹһƬ
ǰǧĿ⽻㡣
սޣٹٳУƣе١
״Դʿǽǰմźף°ŷǰͷϴŵ
Ŀ⿪ʼſڣһһѰ˵ټ
ּҲʱعϢֹһ߿ǽܹܹܵ
ʱּ΢΢һ㶣һƥҪȡȴܹܵٶֹס˶
ֽ˵㲻й֮񡣡ܹܵ
һǳſڵٹ٣ǳĽʿ¶Իһۡ
ǰܹĺ٣ֳֻдȨ
ܹܵѾٶʵֳ裬Ԫа֮λй˾ƷɽʷһְıһƷ͢ξ䣬޽ɽ֮ΧƷǰְأڱ߹ظ漱֮ʱ𶨱ʾأݶ顣ΪЧңʿ䣬ϹᣬΪºպսΣѣգʴˣطֳ衪

ܹܵôÿ˵ͷԽԽȣط֮ʱһ䣬ʱޱȾ
ֳս׿٣ǾǸǸ
ֱβˡմˡ֣˷Ӧֳ豻͵պ
պΪս֮ˣλԱࡢ̫ξȸɻҪߣֳ費ʮͣȻڴ˾ͱΪ
ĻϾֳ˷
˲ŵؿǰĵͷҾĺӣ𾪡к桢ĽмʣȻֱſڳóһ·һӴ߹
⻹ڵͷŵ棬ؿһֻߺѥ°ڵĶǰŻ̧ͷؿǰˡ
ʮعĵ۹ڣǰζȴĿؿһۣͦΣһÿ׿
⡭黽
ϡڴ˿̣δһôϽ֣ſڣ¶Цݣػصлϡ
Ŀ΢ȻĿ֮ͻȻ֣󣬴ųϾǳǽ
ڳٶȻĿȥ׷˵Ӱ
ϣȻ̧ۿ顣
Ʋٹߣվڳǽǰ⣬ľӡ
ŽĿȥǽϸ£Ľʿж룬ʱ׷Žݡ
šӦ
㿴ҲΪ޴µĽɽֵ
ǰԣظƣ
šǰΪ´û˵мģγȴʮ档
ս֡
зɹ֦ѿԶɽȾ⣬̿ϴĽɽʫ
ѾЦͷųĲ⣬һ⽭ɽ
⿴ԶĿȻ΢΢ܿҲ¶һЦݡ
Ҳ롣ص
ǽܹʿͣпĽʿһһּǽϵĶߵл
ͳһˣӰӭ˴˵ȴգûɿ
ƣбϲۻоɢ˼ߣɨǳڳ⡣
ҵˣǽɽϣʵ
͡شһӾ޵ı﷢
˵˵ͷ¸Լѩ׾ޣŶԷëǣҺȻе²ȥ֡
ҲҪˡɫ޳ĬһᣬͻȻ˵ԡ
ֵɫϵĬˡ
ھϿãڵ૵ˣ˵黹飿
*
ʱھڵһۡϣϰֽڣɥԣӵ޲ϵشӸϴٲȻȥ
һڻǰС˷ǳ֣ľżߣߵ쳣·ۡǰзӦĿ¶һ˿¶ЩҪϺȡ
ȴûж¶ȴֵؽЦ
ǡӺ˻ƹ죬ͫۿＸתŲǰķ
ָǺǺǺǣֳ裬ˡʱֵָ֮ƽվֱ壬Цн飬ɱңҲӲˡ
ոۡпɥʱֵڸǰͷãһһȥ
 ꡿ 


155   
Ŀ硣
˴ӵ,һƬһƬջ磬ƾɢ,࣬,Сģߵİı˴˽֯ӳ,γһ,һ޴Ĳ֮ټ֮,ب֮и,׳ֹ
֮пһ۾ͼڣԭǵ̵,ʱٿȥʱȴƺĿŲ,Ķ濴ȥ
ҲǺȺȴͻȻһ޴죬泾Ȼ俪Ա߾,ͣص,м,˵Ĳҽϵ
ܿ˺ע⣬۾Դоֵģзŭ,оģǵĿһһһźɫ綵ϡ
һĺɫ,ñס󲿷ֵòһֳųһһˣĿؿǰĺ벻ӿȺ
ĿȺͬͨ࣬Ϊ׵һϿž޴۾ͼڣӺ¶ԹĿ⣬ŵˣʣȴϷġ
㵽˭ıһĿ񣬴֮أֵĸԶȺзſ̻ɭ۾ȻԵޱȺڰֲ
¡죬ԱȺĹԣ׷ĺӴ˻ʡ
һĿһССλ棬ҲԳ󣿡ӶһվһĺߣʱȻ˴龰ܿЦһһֽԼŵ׳˵ҪĻǣѹٲͺαһ³
ŵ˺ܿһڵϣͬʱȥֻϵͷǱҵ÷飬ѾûϢ
Ŀϻһôɵĳ飬ʱԴư汻ĸɾ¶ɭɭ׹ǣúͳϵһ
㡢㾹ɱһĿ񡣡뿴һĿ˲״ϸɱ⣬Ҫʼܽһ֮Ҵ֮أ֮أ
˵ţ븹Ȼ˽һ֮䶯˼£Ȼ޿һţĺڳĿ¶ӷӵȥ
˾ï}ˣӲԷڳѾӿԼĽ棬۾΢̱ͫǹȾ

ܱǹʱӿųǧϢתƿȺɱȥ
Ȼˣݹ飡
ɱȺ෢ĺϵ۾ţţܾܲʹǰĺӡ
ɱɱɱҪǵʼ
ʼ뿪֮ء
ǵģԶǵģ

ĺȺﱬ죬𣬲кȻ𣬺һ·£ͬһһһƣݡ
һ·򱱣ӽؿȺģĴкֱͦչҫǵյû
˿۾ʼһʰϣһ俪ţ
лӿϣǹһƷɻȻɱС
Ǻļݳһɨ̧ۿطʱȴȻİסߣŲ
Ŀϣ϶ƣıֿ֣壬ϡ
񱻴ո£Ա߻ƷڷţӦ˵ġʼ
ͫ΢üȴսеջûٿ
£ظоһϮæִӿץֻоץһۿʱһȫɫĳߡ
˻߱ס̷Ť˵ֱһҧ¡
˷һ˻Ƶ¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫֽǽϣæס˿ڡ
߱Ѿкӿܿһǹϵһ
΢΢һ˲佫һ˴ײҽһһ˶ڵϣ
ѪҺڵϴο
𣿡Ŀ⣬һһڵϵ߹ȥ
ڵϵĿȥǸˣŴڵߵĵʮһĿ𡢶ĿαƺӦþĿˡ
ȻǱڵϷŤˣγؿڵȴԼΪֻܴڴڵѪؿͻ֮شɱĺˡ
ֱۣһһĿȥϵĺȥָܿԭӡ
ĿĿ΢΢һ䣬ź˵òŤƣ˭˵ʼ
û˵ץĿסľ
˭ʲôĿ񳹵ײˣڵ濴ź˵ѵҲΪ
Һǲһ˻ش
ӵ㹻ݻ֮أ˻ĲҪǲлĿ˿ѪȻ}}Цݻ֮أѵΪһ㣿
ȻսĿ⡣
ʼҵȽǧ꣬˥ˡҲںȻ䣬Ŀ񱨸ԵؿЦֻĿ֪䣬ϧһĿĿˣҲ㡣
ɫһ䣬սеϵ˴ЦʼѾʧˣҲܻǹţ㲻ǾԼȥҰҲ϶Ҳ
ЦֹĿ΢г
*
ЦȻֹһڰ͵ؾѣȻ۾
ĺͱڻʧȡ֮ǰ̵֦ỺԼ۽ǴһССƽ
ϵ𲰲ؿڻһ£п΢΢۾
Ѿ뿪вضʮˣԴӵõĴУΪÿһ㣬ǵļǻظƬΣϴ̫ǬԺ󣬵ļøƵˡ
ʲţ·ֿ˵ʱĻ棬һαһμʱ
ѾΣû⣬ģ֮󣬱·ֿǸŷ綵ĺˡ
ͺˣһģһ书϶ǳơ
ֻǰ㣬вظӦǧ֮ãⰴ˵ҲӦǻ˺ܾõˣļȴûвصĹ£֪ʵͱڰǽС
𲰲гĬڶһ˿ŵͷȥֻһӰӷл
׽оȻ·ͨһͨķˡ
·ƺ֪ԼķϻһֻһȻվ
𲰲裬ˡ·ߵ´
Ŷ𲰲Ӧһ
·΢΢һ㶣ǳԴķֵ⼸նлչˡ
š𲰲Ӧ
պʲô£·ͨȻᱨľ֮·ֵ
һ˵飿𲰲͵Цһϻˣĸƨ棬ҰͲԽԶԽá
·ߣ
ӰӰһۣȥ
𲰲Ȼüվ
Ӱڼǰߣ뿪ˣûһҪͷӡ
𲰲һȻһҩۣһС
·߻·ߣ˼ŲȻͣȻ壬סԼؿڣģ˴Űһˤڵϡ
𲰲㡢㡭ֶ¶Ӱɫ͸ףڵ˼Σһʱ
𲰲ԣһԾ¡
·ͨ㵱͵Ϯ͵Ϯúܿôôߣ׵ӰƵߣûһһ¡
·ڵ޷ΨһһʣѾ˵ˡ
𲰲۾ߵ·ߣԷİŵ·ߵؿڡ
ָıˣұȽϺ档
·亹ֻŷȴָָ޷̧
𲰲迴·еЦһһѱǰİӰȥ
*
ǧ׺ɣֹס¸棬顣
֣ճ䣬ķϵĺ޳Ϣʼϱ¡¡ȥ
һŷ綵ųصĽŲ뿪Ŀ硣
ͣͣұϣȻһͣ½Ųһ̵Ĳݵ¡
˺Ȼ
зһ˿ƣйâˮ͸
˿ˮƣ̧׿ǰٶ𣺡Ҳټˡ
ƺݻذڶ֦Ҷ
ˮУӲϤģֺ޸ġ
ʲôʵ
طŵûпųķֻǵ͵͵˵ҸռĲлѾһٶˡ
šƷŹش
˵͵͵ΪΪܹＯǣҷԭһ꣬ҸĸӦöѾˣҲûȥһۣ뿪⼸꣬ûоТ
ûлش
һԼãȻؿǰҲ֪˵ʲô塣˵Һܾǰйһιȫǵð
ˮ𲨹⣬һƬƽ
룬ǲ˵ǶιʵǾˮ¡˵Ŀ翴ĵʱҷȫʶϲÿ̹ģΪλһоûУ
ɳĬ
ôõ飬ֵΪʲôʵ
ǰ̵ֻأû˻ش⡣
ڻժԼĶñͷ볤ԭںڵ˿ʱȥɫһɻһƬ
һ꣬ˣҲˡ˵

߰ɡ

ĬãŻǶˣҵѾˡ
˱۾Ķǰʼòɢͬɳһ㻺ȥģ屻紵ڻΪɢ
µģֻһͼ
ԭλãһ͸Ӱ֣ӰһϮĿеؿԶ
ԽǲǴˡ
ǲӦ˻һֱ
ԽǶ˵ˡ
Ҳˡ

Ӱ͵͵ڻʰŲǰȥ


156 
ǻʹ,ҡҷůΣӰ,޵ﲻʱϸ˵ʹϢ,봰͸ļůڣҹ･ģ
ӳҹգз紵ľСΧƴϷ,뵡Ҳ֪˶,ڳȵϢƽ,ڵ˵ͷ˴Ӵϱ
ţϵ۾źɫķ,Ա˵Ķ,ͷᶯһ¡
׼ˮ,,ϴ˯ɡ˵
šڴϵ˵͵Ӧһо︲סԼ,ֻһ񣬸ֿڽ,Ϣʼ
΢΢ʶӸ,һ,ȴûж,÷·һܽ˴Ƶġ
ĹǼܲϸ£˳شڸϣԼԼ¶,һʻġء
Ŀ¶ᣬˮ£Сؽ˷ŽˮУȡԡΪ塣
⿿ԡͰԵֻŲһְͷ΢΢һߴȥ
ô˯ʱҪȥ糯ˡ鿴Ĭ˳ӣ
ʩУ֣ѡľǿЩӱȻԴΪģϳǿֱܻ㷢ѡ
˵ʱԭƣ˾񣬽ĬĬǵֻǼӶѣӦùο֮Ҫȥģ㲻µǰ
ı΢΢һ飬ȴȺȻ뵽˸ԽۣĬһڵ͵ЦһҲá
鿴ЦݣҲЦݣ۾ŵĺڲ⿪ỺˮóĲǣʱҿ㾫񲻴ãѵһˣҲ˸׼ҩŵ塣
ѵ𣿡ڿǰĳӦһ¹ߣܿЦôоԼʱޣڹ֪涼ڴҺ㡭
˵ʱĿѾĿ⣬Ҫ˵ȥĻȴֹˡ
ΪͽѾһһʱ䣬ͽߵһԽԽԱˡһ˵ĿˣЩ˵Ҳûʲô塣
οΪҲûҪȥӴЩˡֳݣԭǸ䣬󣬾Ȼʵͷ
ȻЦͷˮḲסԼĴһ½졣
⡣гǰ̧ۿ⣬Է۾⣬ԼԼӰษǡ
ˮ˵ĵӰʱʱвɢһһֽ˵Ĳð߰ߵ㡣
һҹȣֱҹ˷һߡڶ糯ٵ㣬̴׼˳Ⱥ򣬽𴲣ʣⷿȴ¡
ܹܵķԸյĳݣһǻʵ۵½˿һǾİ֮߳ʱֻеʥһˣ֮ʱصطԸ徲̴Ӱۻ޹ڷܿô£ֻǵͷװ
ľǲˡ
˾ĻʵҲʮֳڣòӢԵ׿Ⱥ¹ںˣط˳һۣ˯հûбĶѣŵ͵Ц˰ڼݴ
ٹڵȴʱЩԱвףһЩǽͳ֮ʱӵطĹԱֲεģһЩǳټģ졢֮ˡ
һǰ챾һͨƷУξһսΪУξʿ䣬ǷսԴ֮´󹦣һΣȴƷУξƷǰ죬ڽֱƷ죬ξǻ죬ڳһϯ֮ء
ƽƣιְֳ豾ˣóйԱĽѣ˶һʿܹڳλǻʱƣһõӡ֮⣬ͬɵ֮վ˸ö飬Ľһ
֮ͬΪƷԱϳĹԱλĩһһվһУֻԱ߹ԱۣĿȴؿζλá
ֳξ󣬵ʵ۱α˵ڶӣרŹá˾⵽вϳķԣ鲢ûᣬжЩϳеʵȨȵ˷Ӧ֮ʱȻջȨ
躹ޣܹڶ̶ʱһһ⵹ǰµλ󳼣Ѿ˵˲һ֮ˣ˾жȨڳ˵֮ЩϳȴǱǵĹְ˸޴йֻӲ¡
ǰ֮˶ֳΪٳҲûٸֱӳ淴ԡֳԾϳһαȥһʱ䡣
ĻϳƽʱҪһЩʱڳѾȫ룬ֻоλǿŵġ
ֳ֪ȱλûصعֳ״ֻڳࡣ
ֳǲϳˡ
ٹȵ顢ԺԺʿ㱨½ĿƾٽлվϣһҪǺ;йصġ
ᵽڳĹԱһݣԿһۡ
£ϻʵ۵
ִƵϿɻǵǰø黧񣿡
ǣУ֪ˣʵ
Ͻ񣬳ȫ졣»ԱҹѰøã±Ż˿ڣ辴飬ȴԻʧʵΪɣбĿ¼ȫءصϣⱾΪصĿ¼˾ȴһһµı׷ѣ̲鼫ΪϽʱֻʣ²ʮգʵڲ֪ȥɻϵ񡣡
ڴ𣬴졢֮ɫһ䣬Ҫ̧ͷôӦȴ˳У顣
ϣҲһվϣɺ񲿱һΪԸһ䣬±УȴӼΪɣľֻƽһİɲϣһȫܸжϲԣֱȡ޼䡭
˵ţķȥ״ֻóϣһ¹ǲôͬһдӼһжϵ
һ˵Ҳǳĳӡһ˵˳еմӵطֱʮԱĹְԼˣѾвٹԴ˲
в˲θֳΪϳԸһۣһ˳еϣλȨأݵλѾǰλ죬ȨԴ˸ϣ֪ڻжһɽֻһˣ˼
Ǳ鰵жְȨϳ˴һԱߵĳɫ׷һ䣬Ժѧʿһüģкͼϳһͷģ״ɫҲһ䣬Ҫ˵ִ˲ˣո׼Ųƣڻλϵڴ
ô˵ûУһֱû˵ĻʵۺؿڵûҪģ


157 ޵
ҪеĲ΢΢˶,̧׿ŸϵĽ顣
̨ԭҪĳӶʱոջ˵ϳɫʱѿпͬжȨϳʹ˼ɫ
Ҳǵϳ˳е,,ܱʥݡȱ߹Σǲ٣ҲǵúɡֳλȨأҲΪ롣
˵˻,е˸һ,֮ǰ˵ĳǼԼ˵˿,Ϸĵ
ʮ飬̨,ԭ鲢û,ڵΪ޴,Ϊ޲͡,㲻⣬û,飬Ǻ⣿
˵,ȻʼĻ,һ,ɫ΢΢ס,æҾҲɣʵǳͳѾ
ǾΪãֺαռŶƷĸλţͷΪԼ⣬ȴѴһЦ,Ѿз磬㲻ȥһλ߾֮㲻УԻΪ޽ǡ
ϣû뵽ƮƮ侹ȻֱӸԼĹְɫʱ䣬æ̧ͷԷϲŭɫȻڿЦӡ
µ۵ǻѾ꣬ڳϳ֪Ļڳ϶ŭϵֳߵλãҲǰطâº˵磬ûڳϵ˹ְµʮ͸Ŀ䣬ȫûαٲȻһӡ˫˲һ¹ϣûиϣðˡٸһλᣡ
ûд𻰣ֻǻܹܡ
ܹ׽˼ֱǰȡڡơ̷꣬Ȼ֪Ϊαְԭ򡪡ΪסֳصԼԸԷסʥֳּӲԶֳΪÿ¶ڹ޼գͽϵͬһ㣬մʱ¶ڽ޹˯š鲻֪ôֱӴۣ鲢ǻԿˣ϶ֱӿ
˹ְзһʵۿͷһ߿޺ܿ챻´Ψǰ齥нԶĿ޺һƬԭй顢ࡢ˵鶼оͷ۾ŵ档ĳӰҸոԼûиȥʲྴĻˮʱȴҲǴҲҳһ
ڵĴǵһ붼ޱ
顢¡ûһȻ˶֣ȷų
лĸְǰͷ󺹵ϣǹǱȽϷֻҳһֱҲδ캵֣ҲѾûĵˡ
Լ˸̨£Եҹսң顣޶һҲ֪࣬ĳϸ졣ΪΣ
ѾԼˮһͨӦ˵ǣϺ;ͼΡϵգĳ£ۣΪҹ¸ء
ǡԼǡԱΨɴñæص
˵⻰ҡԼֻЦβõ顣
Զ֮ȥ¹Ա鿴ͷһݣѾڵóӶˣûѾ¹ء
ιԱ֮ʱǰ֣Ҳ޵ɡĿԻñ˶
ˡ֪ˣҡͷֻԼһʱ졣
ɫְͣһ£ٺ»
鲻ҷֻܹ˽¹ڣ˳
ǱǲྴֳֶǿӲ˭ʱڽֱڴڵְƷԱ̬ȱֳй֮޲񻹸˵ĲǡϳҲɫв
ǰԴǬȨδڴֱٳãⷬ仯ϳٶǵĻʵѾǰĿܣƿصĵ
񣬵Ѿؿ
ڼλӵġڻλϵ޲֪εˣܷ˵
ϳȻֳУԴ˱ԹټϽָĸۡǾǺ;ϺõλãȻҼۺ죬ؼȻ㣡
ֳһ̼֮ӣڼǰ˳ЦĴڣʸʵ߶購һҹ֮ǵλҪ߳磬˭Ҳо˳ۡټǰ򷴲ֳλöʵȨϳжһڶ
ֻϧɶǿǫ̃ϵġĳ亹乣ҶԵȨ購ı֮Ҳѻϡ
ֻҪһ죬޵ˣҪѣ۵
;αߵıԿʥ϶ֳӡһ䡰޵ˡóвǶݡ
ȴûйЩ˵Ŀ⣬ɨλϳѴ޿λҲʮ࣬㲻ϳˡ
ʵ۵˼Ǹϻ磿
ϳʱɫ԰ףֱȻڳݡԱߵٹټ״Ҳ֪Ӻûá
֮վ棬ۿֱֳӰ⳯йԱǰϳǵİ̲ס顣
ֳ֪ͽϵһֳӵľӪȳ̫ǬʱֳŽҲǵһ˸ͬʱʧ˺ܳһʱ䣬ʱʱһ𲢼Уֳ֤ĹϵԶԶֹϿӡ
ֳӦ϶˽飬ԲŻͽһһʼֳʱԭվ˾ȴѸٵؽˣȫԼһȼġ
Ҳֻнִܺߵһɡ
ţۣòׯϣڿޣɫֶûжֻǽйʳĻۿЩϳڡ
ϵĳԭһʱ飬ճд䶯ϳʱ³һӺ뵽⻹޹֮УҲû·ȥ鷿ֻ˻޹
һ·ǽ߹ڿԼ޵
뿪ʱΪֳ軹˯ŵԵʣűϣȵʱȴԭ޵ſ᳨ţǱʲôƿˡ
üʰŲȥ¾ѳ⣬·ʱûдȵڷʱȴĴϲûˡ
Ҳûб˵ĺ
ԭóϢһᣬ黽Ĳѯʡ
ϣߺ󲻾þˡ̿Žֹ̬ȴǹҲڵȻϻ;С˵£Ҫȳȥһˡ
ȥˣ
ǡ̵
ֳĸ󣬵סĲһ˶ѣƽʱҲʲôʱ飬üܿߵˣ޵С
һҹڶ챻ѾˣҹãԺỺ
Ҳʱ۽ǺȻƳʲô
Ŀһ㶣ܿոտĵϿȥ
ƽȴżҺ塣
Ŀ˵ذϵҺ壬ȵ̯ʱȴպԵָϣһƬ죬Ѫɫ


158 ź
뿪ʹȥ
˵ûڹдЩʱ,ùź󣬳Ȿ޵ߵȴ˭֪;ֳ״,ѪôҲֹס,ǵŪһֵѪȣһŪˣڰϵֽŶѪ
ӱ߹ػ֮ͽһ𡣽һֱܺ,ÿ,˿ʱҲԽԽе,ÿ춼ڽԡ
νǵһ鷢ԺŹҽ飬û뵽ֻһҹŪ⸱Ѫܵģ,⿴һƬǽģ,æȥϵѪ
ȥ,ԽԽ,˽ˡ
һƬãȻҲ֪֪ʱԡǸ˼ɢԼִֵòϷ,һ֪ԼѾʱղ࣬ô롢ôô죿
᲻ý,Ϊ̰Աߵʱ,Ѿʼ˴һһʱ䡭ɽ鲻֪Щ
½,⻽̹,ݲݵؽ˼䣬ʰ˱ѪȾϵĻᣬ뿪޵
ñ˿Լʱģ̴ܿ԰ˮ̶ϴ,ŶṦԼĸϡ
ھǱ࣬ʳĸ֮ۡһʮ壬߲ãûϷᣬסڸʱҲ㳤ֻӶ˼۴㸮е⸮ռ㣬˼;ʶĹԱƽʱԵЩ
յľȴƽҪ˶һЩⷵظϵʱԶԶؾԼԼſڴִӡ
΢΢üʰǰ˵䣬㿴һվԼĸۡǰȺ˵д󲿷۵װ磬̨°غţΪ׵һʮŽ³У߻һ˸ѹʮ·ⱦһǼֵơ
վڸۡſڣƺţ߽ˣŷվǰҲһװˣģʮ졣
˭Ҽүȥ·֮г˵Ǹ˵ҼүӵĸףһҲڴΣ
Ů˵ֺζּҵС
ԴּҺס֮󣬳ټû뵽ʱȻڴײ
ԱվŵӾֺ⼸Ҳ֪ãʱֺҪֳ軹Ҫɲɣֳ裬ңǱⲻˡ
˵ţȻľھǰ
˵ֺүղںǸѰǲͰˡվھǰġۡ״Ҳ£ЦϲֺֻүһˣֺүϵˣֲּҵˣΪҪƴӣүһɣͲ˸Ǵˮȡ
㣡ֺû뵽ֳǰҲˣȻԼҶӸϵǰҲҪָǡۡ˵
ڹսǴĬĬֺϺֳǣԼϵۿ϶ǰǶŵġۡϵˣǽ¼еʮһĵǺ
çϴһǽϢһʱϵҲ֪;ʶƽնġƽԸ֮ˣǰָʱֳֺ̬ȣּ֪ìܣʱűֱ
Ըˮˮ滹ƮŲҶ֮⾹ʡֺһΪֳĹϵ޲˰ͽᱻţʱȻԼҶӺǰⷬһŭӿӺһըžһ±㽫Ĳˮ򷭣վááãֳۣ裬ҪײǲǣϹѧ飬ôرҵģȻ㲻ףҡҡ㿴
˵Ѳż˼£ߵһͷǰײȥ
üҪײӵʱٶȴ΢ͣ״󾪣æ˰ֺסүүǧ벻
үϢŭүϢŭæֺסȰοֺƢ
۴δ󣬷׷״ס
ֺýƽϣʱʸλãӹޱ̹Ѱֻǵǲأٷֺϣָʲô顣͵Ϳ˼Ĵȥ
үѾϳ
ֺҲ춯æ̧ͷһ˻ӸŮӣּǰүֳģʱֳһ쳤ڸ߸𣬳ƤɫͨŮӻҪ𪡣
ˣȻΪ˵ǻʵ谮ˡ
үֳҪˡ״ֺ˵һȴ˶ü
ֺͣ¶߹ĳ⣬Ȼȴ̲סһװ򶨵ءšһ
ǿֳ۾΢΢
߽Ŀһһɨǰˣֺ¡ʱлãֵ͵Ϳ˼̧үʲô£
ֳֺľַ˵Уֳ輸ν棬ԷµģʱԣӦһû¾Ͳ𣿡
ûʵ
ֺɫһ䣬ؿһ£߳ǾҪּȻ˵Ҳκβ㡣ֻڻ֣ҲּҵһӣҲҪΪּҿǡ
ּҡɫģֻǴɫֻʣµǳɫʲô
ɫãֺüͷԱ㶼ôˣҲûЯܵܡүֻӣѾϢˣӦʢ
˵ʢɫȻڽŶҪҰ
үֳϸЦݣɫһ䣬æֺ䡣
Աߴߴ٣ֺŵʢ£ץ͢ξˡǰ͢ξ䣬ǵ˾ǾԺ͹˵䣬˷ų
͢ξԵ޹ץˣʲô£ʵ
ЩС¡ֽӻЩȥ͢ξܸʢ˵ʢ̰ǵЩӲֵǮҲּҿϡ
һСֹһֳ߰裬뿴ԷʲôɫȴֳԲֻվһߣȻûĻ
ү㿴ʢҲƤֳﶪۡæŵ
ֺѾͳӴΣ֪Էⲻ䲻ȵ̬ȡ˻ɫǵ谡ܵҲ֮٣ٵҲֻǺͱ˿Цû뵽ᾪ͢ξǾͰæʢ𣿡
Ŵһ᣺ʢ޹޾ô
ֺɫ΢΢һ˳һۣԥûи͡
⸱ģʢΪ͵һĹֻǵԶȷʵ٣ʢȴǴĻӹͷ⡣ͷ󣬿϶ϵƭҲţԼ͢ξ׽ʢ
¶ʢֳģֺǸˣҲ˵ڣԱߵʢҲǿ¶Щּҡ谡ͻϹϵУȥʢ˵𣿡
С£ҲҪͷֺүͻϣԱߵĺȥˣЦ͢ξʢ׸صľͱųˣ鷳
ɫһ䣬ԺƫԷ˵̶ֳ˵ֳ裬еһ˵õȮ죬٣ԭүּҶһѣʢƾٿҲûһΣѣܼܲȰɣ
ǰ㵱ôĹ٣ֲܵ¡ֳֺ֪;ѾûָתʢϣٹƾٱŰˣٸʿˣܵٲҲŪһɡ
Уƶ߾֮ʢб£гȻӹٽ
ܵܣٻһ仰飡ֺ˲е˼ɫһ䣬ǰһץֳ裬ǲӦܴܵ͢ξҡҡұ㲻ˣ
ϴᵽֳܾ֮󣬱ԼƵģҲκ˵ʱ״̽ץסֳ䡣
ֺүߣҿǡǿֺģҪԷ̣ȴȻֳһϣһ㶣⣬ȴһ߸ɿһ߳˰֣ûԼ˵ȥ
ֹֻס⡣
áȴشӦ
ֳ边ȻӦֺʢˣһǰ֪ʢ˻죬һֳѿʱֳĻΪԼ˻æ¿ų⣬ȴԷü۵ʹһŨĺӰ
պлᣬһᰲŵġĻٶ
ȻĴӦֺˡ
ģֺҲû뵽ֳӦæ׷ʵ
šӦ
ѾԽԽӦֳ边Ȼɿڣֺһ㶣лһ˿ʵʵĸоֳ㼸ʱţʢʲôʱܳ㰲Ÿʲô٣
Ҳʱ䣬ڹλһÿֻ˵ʢʲôֺ
Ⱥ£
ֺתǲϷ֣ĵûأ
ɫһ壺ûнʢңǾҲӣ϶ҵõ
ֳѾǾͨ˵ֶθκֺ룬׻ɿ֡
ֳڴӦ۽ü¶һ˿˷ܡ
һ£λذɡ˵꣬ûٴּҵĶˣת߽
ֺү̸ȥֺүҪӦȥǸʢ
˼ʣ͵Ц̧ȴǰԺǰſŮϹŹģ߽ǳԺæᡰһ˳һ硣
űػסںҲǵλŵԭ򡣳ͷϴЦ֮ǰ߶˲١
ûлشĻĿ֮ͣһᣬֽйˣԼ޷ȥ
ûлشԼ⣬뵽ֳ£Լֻܹ̫࣬ȷһߣųګګߡ
;һ֪ġڽϵãһֱΪڸڣһҲԼΪóⷴԼ;һѾ͵֮£ԼӡĹۡ
ʱȴú;һȥúһ˿
ͷۺӣĵһֻȥպġ
ϲСػգֱԼ޷ţתʱæֿ
ֺүǹΪʲô£ԼæԼĽŵʵ
͵ֿһӷȡһӷԱϣתϣϴЦݵšֻʣʲôʱʽɻ飿


159 
ʽɻ顭üë΢΢һ,鲻ԽȥȴϷһΣü,ȥЩ,Ȼʮֶˡ
磬˵ʲôѽŮ΢
ͲСˣָҴӾְչ˸ϵѾʱ䡣ص,ȻͺͲ,ͶǱ㲻,Ҹֻ񡣡
˵񡱵ʱֲԼͬػһۡԭ,ʱҲò˼,æؾ,ֺү,Ҿһç㾴,ǿɷˡҺͳͦá
ȻҪһȻҪ֡Ц,һ,һ쵽Բ,ѲҪһֱڼҵ㣿ںСи,һˡˡˣʱҪСԴ
˵ָֻǰӣɫһ䣬æҡͷֺү,ô᣿ҾԴСġ
Ժ飬˭Ҳ˵
漱ת£ɫæһ䣬æӣȵ磬ҲΪѺˡҾҪһġǽˣԭԭУŪʲôųġ
Уһ㵣ʵ
ǡҴźһȥ濴źЦӳٹЩʱո㣬׼溫ȥҽˡ
üĿں;֮ӣڽƯ¶޾޶ˣ
ţߵһòˣéݣҽݡ΢΢һЦ书ܸߣҿӣҽݿ󣬻档
ǸŮӣԺ鶼ѾˣĬĬǽеĺӵݸԷ
磬ǡùӣֳֻġ
Ѿˣֻһֳ⿴žҸ׼ļױصûʹ͵鱦ԭ㶩ʱٸ㣬ǼȲ߹ЩҲֻǰˡ
΢΢һ㶣򿪺һȻÿ䡣Щֵƣֻһ¾͹ͨһӶԴţĿ⽥ʪ󣬲硭
һٿ򾣳ʱֻþģģֱԼĳ
ô鱦ġĶ϶Ϻõģһ۾ͿкüƷͷֻǾЩ˵ֺ֣үǴ߰
ʱ䣬ҲԶšѾŲˣ⿴˵һۣصСһЩҪͺ˵
δƽбһֱ⣬һӶܱ𣬸ϵųͺ񣬵͵Ӧһʵ뿪䡣
Ⱦ뿪󣬳ֿⷽۺԾиһӵʼշĲ£뿪żãҸ֪
ִæһ˵ãҾһٸҲΰ
ֳʼʶʱ㱻ֽѵһȻĬԼתƣԳֶλ¡
Ǻ;֮ĸԼʼǸˣһ䣬鲻αûᡣĬһ£óӹĻںǰ
ĶĿڻϡ
װ֡ʽʮ־ȴвѪοȥĿġЩۡ
䱦ղмҡóĿҲԼѪϣһʵа취Ѫ𣿡
ҪЩ׳⽫˼ϰ뱲͵Ҳ˲ٺöȻмֶΣʱϵѪۣһ˵һѪǿԴϴʮ鷳ҵôϼһ˲ܰȥЩʲôֵֺүô棿
ڹﱻҲСŪġҪã
ҲҪʮɡ̲סһ̯ϸ߿ߵŪĻӦҲɣعӿ϶Ϊһ㡣֪ҶĻٲһƤ֮ࡣ
˿ɲֳѺá˵ţȴ̲ס˼ĻвЩɽˮͼһۿʱȴ̯Ļϻһ࣬£տˣ΢ЦòǳϤ⻭ճ˲ѪѪ˵ϣ͸ֽԭմȾ˼ɺ졣
ĻͻȻס̲ס⡣
ôˣͣ٣ʵ
Ĭһᣬǽᷭת⿴Ѫϣ㴦Ҳµۼ»ϻǻῴɣ
̧ۿ̯ĻֻǻϵԼԭӣ֮ǰԼƵǸ⻭λƣһڳǰϦһǱػʤȻ˺ܶ˼棬ѪۣȻ벿ֵĻƻ
ûôͽͣʱ⸱ȻͽദѪӿæؿ˼
Ѿֹһԣط»ɵؿųôˣղ˵͹ֵֹغй¸Ƶġǲþ㿴
ˡʧɵ޷תĴҲûа취ֵϢᣬЩȰ޸ǵʱ˵ġ
˵ʲô뵽ԶԼ˵ˣֻӦһ¾ã˳˷䡣
ǽˣ뿪ʱŵһ˿޵̲סͷ˳һۡ
⻹ԭλûж
üջǳĬذϷš
ܿ»ָƽȵĽŲԶȥɿ֣㶵ؿϵѪ
ӦúܿҪ뿪磬ǰΪµʱҲܶΣʱÿһζ̹Ȼԣûһλܣоʮֲᣬ뵽ʱ
ңǿȡ߹Աĳ·һȴ֧һڰϣ˯˹ȥ
ͷ£ҹɫʼҲ߰ӭҹ
ҹиO@ĳͻԵþտɫҲ֪ƬۡãϺȻһӰ
ǺӰṦ޺ۣû˲ĵһ㵽˳ķ⡣
ǿ£Ӱͦһ£¶һ忡
ڳķȻһ뷿䡣
ѾһƬ΢ĺûб˾ѡ
ӰĬûеƣȴܿᳵ·ҵ˳⡣
ʱ˯ţü΢΢˯òȵӡ
Ӱվڳãҹһ˫ڶ˶̧֣ڳͷḧ˳գָڳĴߡ
ĴǻѪѾɺԡ
ӰøؿһᣬߵߣСش߱ȥ


160 
˯ó,??ûвߵĶ
ӰûгĬĬؽطڴм䣬Ьѥڴ,??ϵı죬Сĵظǰ˵ϡ
ƽʱڳôڣȻѾѣʱΪԼϤ,??΢üƽ,??ȥûǰ롣
Ӱḧ˳Ķͷһᣬת뿪,??ȵٻʱ,??Ѿˮ淺ȵӡ
ҹɫأֻһ¹͸ӰȴҹؽˮеšɣΪôѾѪ
ɺԵѪˮڻҹˬߵɢ,??ͷӰؿһ¡
Ӱ΢΢ס,??æüų⣬ȴʱĳûѣ߿ϣʲô
սϸ⼫Ἣ߽
顢顭͵͵,??㲻ˡ
Ӱս
һ૵Ļﷴȥ
Բ,??Բ𡭡
Сԭ¸硣૵

Ӱų⣬еĿֹסطæȥãȴмˮ£ɫߵ顣
ˮߣ??һڳϣ˳żձ߻䡣
˭ʵĳڲˣü͵һ
ҹ˭Ҵ
̧ۣķȥȻ̧ۼȴֻ磬ʲô˶ûС
ԱһȴҲݵʱһ볨ţ¶һ¡
쵽ʮ壬¶ȱո
㶵ؿһᣬһٶӿ۾±Ŀ˯ȥ
ϢָֻƽȣԱߵĺӰشӴ齱ͷ죬Ϊ۾ոմȾˮԵʣʱȪ忡գǴӹĽ顣
ǵһΣÿιҲҵ⣬һûٽѶԷֻظϳ¶ڱ֣Ĭڳߡ
ҹʱаƮסǹ⣬ʱʱȴûж·ʱ䶼ֹһ㣬һ
ųĺֱ΢ĳɫӴ̧ۣŴա
ʱĵȴѾģճµһ쵽
鿴ų⣬ͷųµĻûѵĳ⣬Ŀ¶ޱȵĲתˮƳ߳תںá
*
һ˯ûֻϡǵմӰ˯û뵽ʱѾһҹҲ֪Լôɵ˴ϣĶûб˶ΪܿԼʶʱġ
ͷԻκת˼üģŮæ
ýӦû糯;ǰظѾһûкͽ档£׻½鵣ģȵ糯ʱǺһǰ
һ·ôͽУʱ֮к˹ȥ
£֮ĹλʸүλȨصͳͬһʿֺͳйһν飬óЯ˹ɣԼʱٲ˿׼䡣
յĳԵøĲɣ֮㶼ΪûԼȴ΢㵣ȻԼҡͷϡ
ûСص
ֳ֮Ǵ˵
֮ĬĬ룬ǸɿһοҪ̫࣬ջȻְҲΪɨǰѩүܵϳ谮ʱû˸ҶײүˣүҲȥЩ
糯һŲ֪ʱ֮˵΢΢һ㵣˼ѯʵ췢˺£
֮
ֵ֮ԾˡֱжһԱյİշķؼϵϣ򻹶Ϊǰλģλ˾ȻһҲ֪·޹һ
ָɿһѯʵĿ⣬ǽ糯Ϸһһʮػԭһ顣ڱϾǾʱǽЩڮٳԭƽһЩֻؽҹ
ϳΣΨֻһ˱ֱӰְ֮૵ǰλ󳼵вȣҶǸܣ˭뵽һ˾ȻҲֶΣѹܹԸԴĺˡ
֪ԭίǳĬһڳϵֶѾȽºͣɽ͵ĵʦֻҪĵطû»ڵġ
书ǿƮȻ֮ˣȫڳǨЩ·ӣȴǵĻˮ
ĬĬϻǻ֮䡣֮ЦЦ˵ԼСܿҪһˣصȥ
֮С¾Ƶʱ򣬳㱧ǼҵĺӣкӰװֵһȥʮиһ۴ޣʮֿܺͳһ𣬷·𿴵ʲôֲĶƵģֻ֮ǳⲻᱧӣطſӵ˵ڶĴ㡣
ڳ˼ԾͻϵĹϵ֪һֱһ𣬻ǷԺ˵׼ֳΪӵģֱ˿ټǰЩţԺǲˡ
ЦЦ֪֮ԳԼҪ뿪һʱգл֮ĺ⡣
ֻ֪ԼСһ¾ܻŪ޺ӡ֮ĺд˷ӦܿǺʶʬ꣬ǳ¡
ܾ֮пϧǺͳЦŽ̸˼䣬ȵ쵽зִ˿
֪췢飬ȻоճӿĿη˺ܶࡣ糯ʱ׼õһһһ飬Ȼûٸҳԡ
ԱߵĽ΢΢ЦЦ˶һӽġ
ǽƾٽʿĿҲһ
Ž΢Цգһæ񣬽ӹĲӷֻһҳ㿴һ˵֡
һҳдšڡ֡
ľʦȻ˴ǿ˿ƾ١
¶һ˿Ȼڱ߹֮ʱҲԼ͸¶ϿȴִδźȻгΪµĵ֮ƣ߹Ѿ󶨣µУѾȫҲĸ·˲ʩչʱ
ڵ֪ģԺЩ˸飬Լڵʱܵ
΢΢һЦϲӵû飬˲Ӹ·֮ס
ԣ΢΢ͷܹջᡣ
ƾУʼﳡΧԵˣǰΪܵ𱸣ʱ˵ʱɵСҶһѯֶϣѵΧ֮ڣ֪Ƿ񻹺ﳡһ
ﳡΧԾͬУٽʿĻһ֪ݱﳡΧ֮ʱ飬ȴƬ̣ػص˴γ治š⣬νϽҵļСүһͬǰ


161 ¶
񲿵΢΢һ,??ڽһ仰򲻶⣬æֵϸʵ,??вϵ֪ǶҪ𣿡
ڹꡢδڵĺүɸѡ
һϵ˵ŵͷɫ׷ױ죬Ի࿴Ա˵飬ԴӶԷ￴һ˿𾪡Ҳһ㶣ʶؿ鿴ȥ
Խʼҵϵ˶֣ʥΨһ̳ˣ޺,??ʱȴͻȻҪϵĺү,??˲ö˺ܶ롣
ʥϺ;,??Ȼͣûϡ
յ,??Ӷδұ̬ȻӿκˣϻǴҳһæϷ,??³󳼱ȥ֪ͨСүǡ
鵭Ӧһ,??˳
ô涢,??һյ糯ڳâڱʱ˳,??׷˺뿪԰ֽջʵ۵ͻȻ顣
һ仰Ҫǵöҹߡֻǽʱĳ겻ͬµͳ쳯,??Ѿ˴󲿷ֵĽᵳ˽ӪټϽʱ⣬浽׻ôչ˭޷Ԥ⡣
Ҳе,??뵽Լղܻý鵣ɣ³˻飬˼ĻζɵʵջһᣬѵһĴ㣿
ãҲʱˡص
˳һڽǰžİ쳤һ·Ž鴩԰ԽŲ΢΢˶٣顣
鵹ƽȥֻһΪѰ顣
󲿷ֵľԼλǰϦлûе֮꣬޲޼ôѡһõǲЩס
ǲǹһЩЩǵ
᣿бߣųŲԶտյһֱʵۣһֱΪҲܹ͡ҵʵļ̳ˣұûмҲôۣʱԶҿ㵽ߡ
𣿡ΪڿǡǷŻ૵ʵ
ǣҪڣȥﶼԡ
ûгöթ˵ȻʮֻڿѾȲһˡ
߽࣬ȴ½Ĺִ޷ʵ
԰кŻԷ費Ϣһֻطɹͣļϡ
һ飬ʱ䣬Ҵȥһˡ
ĽŲһ٣ô뵽ȥ
꺵֣Ҳ֪??ȥûġص
ھӪʱùˮʱѾδǰһ¼켸ҹĴ꣬Ͻһؽȼü֮㾡е԰쵽
㲻ٻؾǡ
飬Ŀ¶ᣬȴ鿴΢΢㶣ŵͷ૵࣬Ҳ¹ס
ԲĺүҲܸð顣ЦŵҪȻĵǻƿˡ
̣˭ǻƿЦڿʵδʲôʱߣ
ΧԹɡص
͵Ӧһʵʲôʱ
ϵЦ΢΢ͣƬ̷Żصûܵ˱
Ž飬ȥ飬ֻϡߵ˵˵ͷͳô˵ﳡΧһ˰ɡ
šǽͨҲоʮܡ
زͷȥ⡣ֻ궢ǰĻԣϵƤ͸Ų԰ףĻݲӳġ
԰ＴʢҲĹʡ
ΪţҲΪл
ؿ۳⣬źΧƣŻջĿ⡣
*
˰źүǰΧԣ񲿵˹Ȼټ˽һѪԵϵкͳһμﳡΧԡ
֮СĲ꣬⺢ս࣬Ҳйһ֮ԵǵǬı֮ʱѡĿܣǬ룬ү󵹸꣬űȫһûбı
ˣˣʮүһǰţֻһϵСүл൱⵱ǹƥڳӡһֱǳ̣֮ʱʱҲ۾ֵӵؿš
Ŀ⣬һЦݡ
к̺
Щүʮɽԣ಻⣬һĵſϽɽ
ôСĺҲŹȵһֱԱ߹ۿĳȤ
ǺүѱͨиҪȳ˸ܸһЩͳһͬеôԽʲô
귽ǬıҳеʱЦʱ⺢Ӳ޲֣мֶ
ԲǬδػܣ⺢Ҳһȡ֮游һϵҲɾ鷳
ѡµľϵ游ȥһˣȷʵȥ֮ǡ
ҲԽ⣬΢΢һЦû˵ʲôֻϡ
˼ո߳ҶǵһβμﳡΧԣǱϲûʲô̴ӣΨлʵ̡һʼֻּɢԵؼЩСҲ֪˭ȡЦ˭ȥս˾ȻʼԱƴ
ʱּ俴һȺ·ǰΧԣմȴشһ׹ص졣
΢΢һ㶣һɲԤУæռתͷȥȴԭŵλգѾû˵Ӱ
ԶһϤİɫӰʱһڵϣɫ԰ֽ˫ֻץؿ½ĶʶѾԡ
⣡ɫһ䣬æ⵹µķȥ


162 Ҫ
⡢⡣æ˳⼸,??̧ͷ򸽽̣ȥҽ
źȻµģ̵ʱѾȫŴ,??ȵӦĻʵѾ嵽ߡʱ˵,??ʶãæҴææȥԳ⴫ҽ
鿴µĶ,??һӵϱ
ⱻĵ˿,??üԭյ۾̧,??ɢؿ,??Ŀڽ,??ڶ˶԰׵ĴῪ,??ʲô
⡣æȥ,??ʱŷֳⲱϸİɫҲɫȾ˴,??вϵѪҺӾͺڴ
мβ,??Ϻ,??ȴһ仰ûзΨѪӿӿȾ˴Ƭ½ؿڵ˴һ𣬿ȥĿġ
ٶ۾,??ԡ
*
һλҲ֪˶ãʶʣʱԼ̾ʱŵһŨصҩ,??ʱ˷Сذؿ˿ڣоԼȫ⣬ֱ˺ܾãŸоһ΢½Լ翵ʶأԭûж³֫˸о
ڴŨŨҩ㣬óʶסĿһᣬŷԼڵĵطȻʮֵϤǰ޹ɽׯ
ɽׯǽĲһα˻
ĬȻʶԼĲǰסĲӴʱѾһɴ
ʣ޼Ѿ֧ճɽΧԵʱ򣬽ǰԣȥһϸߵͣһ룬ĿͻȻһʹ⧲лû׼ֱʹιȥˤ
һǵŽ淢ģʧȥʶǰϡоԼиĺۼԼߵľš
ԭ뽫ֳʵŽ飬ûеü뿪ͣѾ֪˶ԼĹģǿô˿ڣô룿
ñ㲻ֻ֪ʲô飿
ôͣ
ڡģ
ˣֻиոջѬ㾲ȼţûκεĻӦʹ𰸡ӿһǿҵĲӴϳ𣬼¼Ϲŵȡϣǽȥ
ɽׯм䣬ɽׯ̴ӣࡣһ·ߣֻײһ·̴ӡ
ȥҺŲߣһ̴·еһ֮ʱǼҩζԽŨ˵Ľ̸һ洫ǷǳϤ
ϣȷѾҽȬľڣѾȼǴθΪأҰ󣬶˿Ѿ˵ķ˵İִϤĸо˵˿Ȭָǰ񻯵飬СҩҲǵһμ
Сҩǽϵҽ¡˵ϴΪҽι˵Ľ¼ҽ硣
龹ȻΪҽ
һͣŲŻǽ߽˵ĻӦ
ҽκĳҲҽʦȫʩΪ
ǰһͳⱳǽţȴΪѵϣǰҲ˵ƲֹһÿһֶҪʮֹŹ֣ͨѾ˵˴Ψð˹Ļϣʵڲǲ񲻾ȣǲҽޡ
û˵ҩһĬ
ҽʦ취ɡԱкŲߵ
ׯѾˡΪҽߣȻ뿴µĲϲУҪĻҪ˭ܸı䡣ģҲֻŪһỨӻʹࡣ
ҽʦ㡭Ųߵס
û뵽˵һҩյͳһĻ
ҽʦ˵ǣǿôãҲʱ÷ȥˡ
һǽ֮ĻһһشĶС
۾
ϣԱкŲ߾ɵ
ӦԼûңļһ𣬹ñڸӿġ͵͵˺ۣܺԶһΪļ
͵ţ⿴Ժˮģߡ
ʵ÷ߵġ

ҩﴫҺڵеҩ¯죬һŨҩӷﴫ
æϵգף˼æת뿪
һߣԺһ߻ŽĻһ·ֻԾֱ򿪷ţŻȻ̧ۣǰľ
˵Ҫ뿪
֮ǰһֱԼ֪½ѹڸոգû뵽Ǹִ˵ֵĽ飬׿ѡ뿪
ԭһн鲻˵ȴһֱϡ
ûи߽飬Լʧȥ˳һԺ󲻻һβؽԼ»صԼԭ硣
ѾɢĽֻΪλ꣬Ҳóһļ
Щ鲻֪ҲûбҪ֪
ϴϤĽŲ
˼أæԱߵļҾߵߣشãոԼ·֨ѽһ򿪵
һ£ҩ˽
Ŀ̱ȥͣš
߽䣬࿴Ӵĳ⣬ʱŵ·ؿڴű滹ԼԼѪ΢΢һ㶣ԼԵþƽһЩ
ˣ𣿡ʵ
ƽҡҡͷ
ƽӣĶҲŻҩߣų͵ǷỨҩҪһԼʹ
һΪỨԵʲ϶ʱĽͣڷЦݣ͵͵Ӧһùҩ룬ü
ڳߣͷʼߵѩ档
񾲰ݣ룬ȴ鼸ᵶѩƤмǶ϶ԽԽǲ
ĬĬؿһֱۣ塣
飬ҸоҵοҪˡ֮ǰҺͽ̹ԼĲ飬ֱһ̣˵
̧ۿ⡣
ҡ֮᲻ǵˡ⻺ͷŽ¶һЦݣĻһԶǵõġ
֪ǳٱڻЦ⣬ҲԶǵõġ
ĵȴغڵȵѰٵˣʱҴң֮䡣
̰
ҡһǱ߹úܺá˵һ䣬һȻ롢תֻأϣܹһԶٷֿ


163 ȼ
,??̣Ҳ˿Ļϲÿһμ¶Ը,??ɢϣº,??ϴӹһ·ĺۼ,??ֻʣ²԰ѭ
϶Ȼѡ,??µµΪض,??׺һڡ
סеС,??ָǲ԰,??㶵ؿų,??۱ٶˮỬ䡣
ԭΪԼѾ׼˵ʱŷԼһҲǰ뿪
޲ýǰԿϣԼĹѪ֮С
áֱãŻɿ,??Ӧһ
*
Ϊ鸴Ե,??ڳɽׯ־,??˵ձͺŲߡ𣬶ؾ
ΧԳ֮ǰ,??½֪ԼĲһֱȥ,??ڽѾ֪Ҳʽͽ˵ԭŵĴʯڷ
ʱϷỨҩ⻨ʹ,??ܹѹ˿ڱѵĴʹ࣬ЦŽӹлλ¼ϵҽʦ
翴žòЩ㱡ɽׯԺŵ֪ȵļ˵ǾװӢˬ纱ٿֳʱǹüһһҲз֮ˣ˵ǷǷɡ
ڽ˵һ֮ϷٽΧСϢʱΪֻǽʣƵʮ£޺棬Ŀúүݣֳ裬֪Ǽ֮Ȼһ˲ףþҲǰӡ
ֻϧֳϵίʵ죬ƽѧҲ޷ֹүϵƶ񻯣ǰ˼ȥˣӴ޼;
̾һųų
ȣȥӽнԶʧڳɽׯһ˵֮С
зỨãʱоʹ֫ľֻþ񲻼ãһ٣ڳ߱ĿһᣬزǰԽԽ
лСĿó΢΢üŵҲܵӰ콥ꤿʼڵĥת
ô£ǿʵ
ǾӶˣ̻ⷢصүǰڶ·źҪˡ
񣿡΢΢һ㶣ƿ⿴ȥȻڵ·߶бźӵģֵģҲе͵Ϳġ
ǳǽǰһۿȥȴΧǽ£ǰ·ӵ·ʮѣвҪͨǵĳ£ǰͣͲǰ
ǽ߶һȥܿ㿴ڳǽָţǽ滺رա
ѾǾǻͳ죬бǰΣְ𡣴ʱؾװݽʱѲͬգԱʿŻ㱨УڵӰ֮ʱɫ΢΢һ䣬æ˷Ը˼䣬˳ǽ
ܣɿ˼ȴǽǽ»һӾгһ߷ɢȺһԼķΪ׵һŨüǸո³ǽ졣
񴦶ʱкԹ𣬽һ
赼סֱǰֺү¹١ү㲻ǻˣ㡢ôˣ
һǰⱻΪɽ˾ûмסڳϵԺҲԼĸۡƽʱʱݷãϢѾ統סһʱͨ
컹֪أ¿ӿûнԼڳǽԭֻ̧ʵô£
ɺвߣѾǡæһ߽ͣһ˻ͳǡ
ǰСʮأȥֻͨ˵ųǰУԱ߲ȿֺس֣߼ߺ˾ơ
ɫģȻ²ʳҡ
ǵĵһǺֲϣ»иǹݬ룬Ϊؾ춨ȻǣһֱճţȴҲǸ취üеڣųϳǽ
áسǱؾ飬ڳ꣬ܿ׹뷨ǰ·
Ǵǣȴںǽ߻΢΢һ㵣֪һЩ벻꣬æתųһһϳǽ
һŷ־ڵᣬǼҲݣ·ʱᱻ紵Ƶġһ𾪣æͷ⣬ȴɫƽѾվڳǽϣĿԽǳأ
Ϊүֳ軹Ǻɽһ򵥵ذŷǽķ紵˿ɢУ°ڷ衣һվշһ˿ףȴ̬¡ˡ
ֺүҪôΪã쿴ų⣬һʱ䣬̲סʵ
»ϱϡھбףڻϵּ֮ǰʱ仹Ĺעص
ǡ¹ѾӵݽСӦүġ
˵Ǻǰһһִˡһһ㶣ƿŵԼǿдҲ׵Ҳһֱڴſϧÿ񡣵һظϱ˹ձࡣ
û뵽⾹ҪóԼļҲ΢΢һ㶣ܿͷҲãԱػҲܵòٷͣ䲻үҲ԰һ񡣡
һ㵣ģջûзص֮лвɢ֮ˣձʱ轲ףͷá
áͷ
ǽͷվһᣬָоԼ岻֧ܿ췵ɫѣһ·ͣȴڳǽ±Էֹס
ֹ򿪳վʹ˱ܹĻϣ¡
ĺ仰Щ֣üǺܿصүģ¹ٶΪϾְ𡣡
΢΢һЦ
Цݣ֮һ
·ֿϹ£ʼԳǽµеǼձࡣ˴ձĴͷǾأţɱܷ꣬ϲһһŶӵǼǣԭڳſڶѾ۵İ񲻳ʱͨ»ָ
ڳһҹڶձ˵˳ķһƬһƬأ׹򡣾ܻʵ۳谮͵ϳˣط֣ˮϲ⣬ذл
·ھ⣬Χڼȼһºܿھг״в˶ֳ迶֮ٴ⣬徴٣ǲ
̸ֳ¼ʱһٶȴӾгĵȥ


164 Ѫ֮
,??ûκαʶ򵥵ؾͨ͵µµʱе͵͵ؿ,??ΧʼһŨŨҩϢ
еò죬ڹٵǰУͣϢ,??뾩ԽԽԶպ뾩а֮ң
һ·δķҪǰ,??磬ͣڹٵߵĲݱιݣƥƿ,??ӳⲽ£ڲ,??Щˮͷ
ϴż򵥵ĺ³,??ȥʮأò̫,??俴ȥ,??һʱҪµӣüȴʮӲ԰׵ƽ˼ִȥŮӻҪƯ
Ұ˳ڵ˾,??ЪϢ˷׷϶ͣһۡ
еѪϢ,??ȴŨصҩζڸ,??ûԱ˵Ŀ⣬ֻǿ˼ڲ,??Сϲˡ
Χ޶õòջĿ⣬ϧǸӡǲһ˼ţȻ˹
λʩߵߵһԹԵԱߵĵҹʩͥкʮֲֽ꣬Ѫ֣֮֮ݡ
ⱾҪŲˮڣ˵һ㶣Լߵ˿ȥ
֡ʩ֡ģȥһĿǣ˵ϵʱȴִ˿ȥᣬԼòΪݣϴҲӣһԼһͨĺ¡
Ǻ꿴⿴ϸһ˿΢ЦĿڳ¶ıϡ
Ⲣʶǰ꣬Է˴ڨеĶһ٣Цл̨ѡ
ӣܹŵѾǼޣѾע顣˴һ˶뿪ǣֻ˸ҲǲۿԼʱĿֲӡ
˵һ仰ûԣִŲˮԱߵĺûٴҲգֻؿǰˣЦ˴Ѫ֮ʵа취⣬ôʱʱأǰܶһʱ䡣
ٶȿ˺һۡ
ֻ֮һЦ
ôǶԼӣĶٶȻһϵң֪Ҹôƺ£
ǡעų⣬ͷүҪҵʮ񡣡
Ȼ֪Լֳ衣ĬĬҪڣ۽Ǻؿһβɫٴܹһë׵ԼײûüӦȥ
Сġ״æס⡣
кİģŲڵȣȴԼѾһֻɫȮޡ
ȮͨɫǵĺߡͣһۣһԾ??Ļ
ǸֱסɫȮޣȻĿ⣬ǸȻЦСߡ
ɫȮöĻתų⣬ë޵βһûһɨ걧Լ֡
΢㶣ǰһһޣֻöԷΣֲ֪ԷĿĵʲô룬Ǳȭºˣֻ´еĿıߣѪ֣֮ҲҪǰġ
㻹Ǵ΢ȵΪ
ֻһѡ񡣡Ϊ˽ҲΪһ¡
ôˣһ㶼û䡣ЦḧеȮޣ˰ŵͷҲգֳһ˿ǺϣƳӵĻᣬǿдԽٵ˵أ˾УҪ۵ģôãҲʱ뿪ˡ
ڳ𡣳һ㶣Ŀһٶ괦ȥȴ߿ģﻹкӰ
ɫһ䣬ٿˣȴԱߵʳԹԵسʳ죬ûпԼľ󡣵ԱһֵĿȴԼϡ
еĻոڱ˵ĲĿɳ˼˵ĻϻǾɲ
꾹Ȼ֪ǴԽģҲ֪ʬ飬˵ʲôˣǰֵĻ
ʶˣΪ˵Լһû䣿
˼æվѰҺµ֤ݣȴظоĿһ̣Ѫ˲ӿ⧲һѪŻ
͹١㡢û°ɡϲ˵СҪͷͻȻѪʱһ
һ˵ԱߵĿ˷׷ϿòȫѪɵһ㵣׷׽ͷӶ
ͣڶȴַ׷ӵУ⼸ģæסԱߵվá
ιƥĳ⿴һǱɫһ䣬ȴ뵽ʲôĿһţæ߲ܵ
ֻͷһѣΣ˹ǿվȣַ̧زȥϵѪ
״ѾҺꡣֻգóƣرۣڳ
õҽʳǰ棬˼ʲôҧҧһǰС
Źٵǰһ·ֲڣһۣС·ǰУʻ˹ٵ


165 
ʶ,??ʱ˯ʱѣҲ֪˶ãͻȻĵʲôһ,??,??һ㾫,??ƿ·߿ȥ
ʱ·һƬɽ֣ľֻʣ¼㡣µ·ʯӵ֮ǰĹٵƽ̹ⱻ֦ڵ·ȥԵЩ
ü򳵷ʵ
ڳǰ޵һ,??һŵءغү,??ǰڡ
ڣԺͷȴתְֻüģ,??ҺûڵͼϿ֡
ءغү,??ȥС··ܱȹٵʡһҵ·̣·;һЩæֵ
Ǻƽ,??ֻǶԷԼԵ,??͵Ӧһ
һ,??ǰʻһʱ䣬ڼ·վ·м䣬ʼٶȡ
ôˣͣ,??˼ȴŮӵĿ
ǰˡԥһ£ص񡣡
ѽڴ˴Ҳ֣΢΢һ㶣ٶÿȴǰĵ·мʱվˡЩϴڣ;ʮ񣬴ʱΧһŮӵ͵͵Ȱοš
ǱΧмŮڵϱԼ΢ضţǴϴʱֱС
ӿȥڰʲôȴȺ˶סǰɢ޷ǰС
ҹȥ¼״˵
ʱֽԼһѾʮֳ״ԥһ£ܿӦһط³
ʱոգּз紵˸оһ˿䡣ǰ˼㿴Ů߾Ȼһʬ塣ʬɫҰܣѣϺϢƸá
Ůӹʬߣ¶այķɫԭӦʮְ𪣬ŮӲȴкۣǱ̫ɹ˵ĺۼϴһɫʱѾ糾ȫɫĶ΢΢ͷ¶һ΢ϤĲ
΢΢һ㶡
ŮҲ߹ˣ̴棬۾ȴ㶵ؿų⡣
չܸڰԱȰο
֪Ů»񣬴Ӧһȥϵۣȴ̲ס⿴۾һ˿ӵɫ
΢󣬻Ǻ֮ǰһֻཾᡣһۣǴһк
ŮӲǱˣǰ졢򱱽֮Ů硣
Ϊʱ״Ԫֺýסһ丸ºŮӴҴȥû
Ҳû뵽ײŮڵ
һǰıȻʤģΪ죬һ⵱ʱΪȱ飬鼱֮һ˶Էͷ­ԼҲˣƳ׶񻯡
ͽһͬʣµֻ͹һйǻңռӿʱԴһʧ٣ûٷؾǡռû˵֧ţܿ˥˵ʮǰټҰ˾ǣʧȥӰ
쵽ҵ䣬һʱѡ
ֺүŮĿرܣ͵͵
ĬĬ뵽ûиͻԷȷԼɱûֱҲΪɱɫ΢磬̾һĵʵڴ˴
ҡҡͬţ̲סҸȥҼھ޷㣬ֻûصϼҡұΪҸֳТ꣬ûĴ󺵡һǰǳɴ뿪ؾһ֣û뵽û뵽ȴ֧Ųסˡ
û˵ֵ꣬͵͵ؿ
˵ĳӦþǵڵϵӡ⿴ʬһۣʬ޻֮ܲһֱϣֻðοĪʹǳ飬ҲΪġ
˵óһĻʱȻѾùỨѹʹһڱúͬ©һܣʱ˵꣬һߵͿţһȥ
Ļ΢΢һ㶣ĿڳϣտһԼһ΢΢һ
ϻ֮ȥĲԺĿȴٿر
ֳڿԱߡ
ͷѣûв״ŮӣԷͷӰﲢУ洽˼ҪȰ
ҲҪ֮ʱزʶ죬ӦȴȻէһĸ
𡪡·ڶ͵ը˵ǰȻһڣԭʶͻȻһ׹⡣
ʱסֻά洽ƣֱһ۾󣬵ͷؿԼ塣
Ѫ£Ŀֻ֮ԼѾûһذס


166 һս
Ѫ˳˿,??һһε¡
㡭̧ۿ磬һڣȴѪӿӿ,??걻ѪȾɺ졣
翴ųǱģ,??ԭĿ˲,??һ˿ţܿ챻μֳ,??ɱҸףռҼһжȡҽձҪҸѩޣ
˵ʮּ,??ֻһ仰,??ļֻʣ,??ĶĤ,??һѣΡ
ʣڷɿʧ,??һѪ³վ,??˼ǰȥ,??ȴذͱø롣
ǰľû˵嵥,??һ˿ãȻ,??ȥȻһӣڳ˶û뵽Ǹ˵ʮ˾ȻҲ˴ʱ,??ô׾ǵȦףɱɹˡ
ѾΪһ׼ʱһֺҲ㶣ǰɢ,??ã۾ӼȿֿɺޣսذףȻЦһһֳ裬벻ԼҲнɣͽɱҸףǶ
˵ţûذһγ˲͸¶һ˿Ŀ⣬̧֣ҪذٶͱĸС
ȻһΣذǰһֵʱֱһѿסˡ
㡢Ҫɱ飿סͬʱĶߴ˻Ƶ
΢΢һ㶣аȴзֺãҪ̧ȥ⣬ͷ­ȴͻȻһͷѵ
ҪɱԴ̼һƬհףŬ⵽ʲôȴȵҺ£һʹǶ£ǰ˲䰵
֡۾ͻųͷ­ջƣͫ׾˼º󽥽Ŵ˽ֱ¡
ŮĿֳɷ׵ϡ
С㣿Աװɫ׷״䣬û뵽ֳһҪµӣȻڸոһ˲ֱ֣ӻɱԼҵĴС㡣
еλƣţҲռҾе졣Ǿ㶵ػ˲šؿų⣬ȴվԭػ˻ӣס˿ڣĿʬŲƣǵķɨ
˼ˣҲԹʮľ
СѾˣˣ
ǾɱС㣬ֿǣţ
ɱΪС㱨Ϊռұ𣡡
Ŀһɨֳ˵ͷһݣ׷׳ڲغõذɱĿ΢һ˿£׼һ¡
һ²Ϣһֱҽһ֮е˵УྡྷɨֱͬʱҽУбײϵģֱڵϵģһڵϳ鴤һûϢ
ֳֶ̼ʬ塣
վڵ·ϣɫɫ͸ֽµ˿ڲͣѪıѾȫȾ죬ؿڴ½ҲʪһƬ
£ѪҺɲѪϣ˻Σȴûе£ֻűһѪ³
ѪҺڵϣʢĻ䡣
ⴭ˼??Ŀ򴦿
򿴵ɫʱò԰ףոۿһ֮ɱ˵ģѾʼŶ£ͣԼȥ˱ߵүү治ҵ飬ռҵүСҪЮҼˣҲȲѰҡҲûа취
һһߵȻзһҽУǰͻȻ¶֧߰ͷ
ͷֵͻȻ̧ۿȥֻļķֱָҪҲ
ĿȻվԭأٶȷɿתƽһǽҪļ£ȻҲڴʱԺٶըһ𡱵졣
ǰٶһڣԺеʹըѣؿڴͻȻһһ죬˼ֱײľץ˼֦ɣǿȡ
ؿڴȻһǱոյһ˿ڡ
ɢֳ֧塣ͷƶԼû˷Ӧֻվš
ֳ裬û뵽ɡģͣһȻڵ𣬡ԭǶѲû뵽ֺҪİ֣㲻ҲͷǬһ׶Ը
Ϥ΢ȴӦĿֻǰĵϡ
һҪӣ˵˸˼ֵôͽɱҺʱûн죿
㡢ǡܣڶ˶̧ͷ˵˿ȥȴ˵˴Ӱɫ·ģȴԴ֮ۺʧٵĿʱ֡
ʱִʱһİ׶ϷЦŴֳûֳ裬вصһֻҪ겻𣬱Ϣͽأϧҿнͽˡ
֣ɢһԭ̧
ֳ裬ͽáҵüʵݣ֪ɱҵǸˡʱֿųĶЦԳ˼˼˪ĶӣǱȻвصİйءҾĳﻮѾãΪһ̡˵ɱ㣬ͷ­ȥ飬ʲôӦʧȥôһضܴҳ˻룬ʼ֮УΪýҶʢ
˵ţָһ˿Цݣֶ̧׼ǡ
ֻҪһȥǰ˾ҪƤȥˡ
㲻лġҲڴʱ
ʱһ㶣۵ȴֳĿȻһ˿ЦѾǵһοֳ⸱ģһҪȥ׶ȴְֳ²ؿϵ
üʱֱֳһϢûü÷ֻԼϴ죬ʹ񾭣ҽг
ĿŤһ£æסԼĲӣȴֻһĩ
㡢㡭ʱû뵽ʱɫ䣬æˣȴ֦ɣֽԼϵ֧šϣٶȿ
ֳһëȻĸоʱҲԼƣһ߷ɿּȥһߴ󺰵żż
ԭ䣬ȴʱӶɵë׵˻ֲ̿
ܣҳձ㣡??ԭҡҡλεֳס˿ǰĵ׷˼ȴһȻṦʱֵķ׷
żʱһͷ㿴ֳɱɵĿѣٶȴ
ԭΪ䲻һͺļóɥʧж˭֪Щ˾ȻֳãԷٶȻǺǰһֲ
ֵڷӦʼֳȥܵļٶ£ķΧ
ʱһ˵üȫ֪Լ̵жֲһһ壬ȴٶ
չܵģҲУһƿնԡѪ۾âѸϣۿ


167 ¿ʼ
˶ܵ,??ʱһɱ˿÷׷׵΢΢һֻ͡һ,??иܼļķ
ʱҲģסһ,??ȴֳ,??һַɿץסҪļʸһ
ʱֲòֱ,??ɼİͰд
ʱҽӦ,??û˶
仯̫ͻȻ,??ʱּ볣,??֪ԷѾԼ,??Ȼ޷ڴ˴ʩչǱӴܡ
֪˵İ,??Դ˷÷Ǭǧ֮ʧ,??ɱΡǰֳǱ˸壬ֻҪлһ,??Է굷飬Ҳһ˿ΪʤĻᣡ
ʱӴ,??Ѱ塣һ˫۾ֱֱ,??ٷǿɨ֮ݿ࣬ľʯ龹Ȼȫ۱ѣԭܼļҲɨ,??һһɢ䡣
ԭֵռҾּ˾ٶȾ۾ֳûѾǵϣ˾Ȼ˿ֲԺеʯһ󲻺õͷлӦѾ壬
ѪէȻԭڰռӰƺߵ£̼ƽϢ
һƬǽ壬жѵľɢĹԼʮ˹ֵʬ壬ֳûһڡ
ʱѾʱ֣Ϧڵϣ¶ؿ
ֳһӿ£ϡȫǴĿĵĺ죬ؿڡѾȫѪʪϼ⣬Ψ˫۾̧ۿǹӿޱʱĵطȥ
ʱֻоâ̱һ߻ͷų⣬ۿŶԷռҾһһ·񱼣һʮ֮⣬ֱڸͷŻٶȡȫͣϵ˿ڣæȡ壬Ҫȴڸϣո˦ĺӰȻȻײ
ֳ֡裿û뵽˦ں˾ȻͻȻֳԼǰʱִһΪϵ˱˻ưμ⣬쳣
ֳֻǶ̧֡
ɽεĵһڵǶۡ
ֳ裬ʱִһ©ɳ©ٹ˲̧ץס¡
𡣡и
ͬʱֳڿʱϽʹʱֲҽһԭץŰ־˲ж£ϱ䡣
ɫͬʱѪ޵̼Ȼ۾浹¡ԭеİӵ䣬͵ģһ˿ϸ΢졣
һ
ֳеǹһ˲Ȼɢ۾ֻоԺٶըһļ䲻ܿƵͬˮһӿǰһһ֡
˲俴ԼĹȥɫɫǰһһ֣гЦġġ̰ģٿЦ˹æһȴǸһѪ³
ֳ裬ɱҼһΣԼҲйڿʱֵʬðŭ
ܣ۾һһ۽ֻ࣬оԼҪֳȥȴڴʱٶкٶȱһǹ⣬ȥ
ôᣡôῴܵķŭ˲仯Ϊ֣ڼбɢ
Ȼֹ졣
ϦֻʣһӰ
ȫʪǴˮд̳һʱϵˮճȴǴƬƬģѪ
ϼӿѷ컺
κ죬ԭ̧ڻ¡ۻ˼ů;еһߺɽϣѩУһӰԶȻغ
⡭顣
һ۱һ£ģ˴ߵѪ˵ȥ
ڵ£˿УƮֳ۾ãȻؿϼ۾ڶһ
ִ
ֻϧɺ쳾ȴֻ

ʶȻһڰķҲʧ
顣
µ״ص
*
g˽ҽԺvip߼
߼ڿʩȫоܵĵڷڴλߣʾһƽȵĲڻйɵƶʾŲ˵ĵͼ
ĲǸʮµӣģʮֺÿΪ겻ܹյӰ죬Ƥ𪣬ԭ沿Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ǳ겻ѵԵʣӵ俴ȥᣬ˸оʮ͡
ôһӣȴһֲһ֪޾ڲšתԺѾͷ
ʱ糿мѹӲûˡ
ʱķＸΪģĸҲ֪˶ãԭһֱ˯ŵӺȻƫͷԭƽ͵ü
εΡεΡĵͼԭڹɵͻȻһ¡


168 
ڰʶ޶,ƺԱ˵ȴʮģֻԼԼҲӡȼ,㿪ʼ
Ʈڻ,´һĵ壬˻ƽ¡
ɢʶؾۣоǰɢȥ,йâһһڰ
еεε죬й,һˮϢҲƮǼ,İǺˡ
üָץ£ԱߵŬ,ڻ
ӭȴһĹߣ۵Ŀ,ʶۡ
ΡΡԱ߻йɵ,еؾ
ãȻزͷԼԱ߿ȥȴǰֵĲǵľ뷿,ѩ׵ǽڣһǽѱ,вǶƣ컨ϵĵƹ⣬ԼûмִװΡ
ߣһ̨ܵãǵεεǴзϸ߽ӳ,ָϣһ²۵ߣĻʾš
΢΢һ㶣۽۾ŬӦǰĹߣԼ߹ŵƿθܡ
˵ȴһǺںУ̿
ŲĲŲĲͻȻ˵˵ڳͷϷ
ɫף밴סؿ˳ԼϢȴľòԼƵġü̧ų棬ȴű˴򿪣дŰɫӵһһŮŴҴ߽
߽һһŮ϶ſ֣Ůϻżﳵ˽źλķĿڳϽһ㶡
࿴ŽˣĿ˵ĴŴͣһᡣ
ˣİ״˿˿еıٿ⣬žȡ
ҡⲢϵǰˣԷĳƺһ㱣ſڻӦȴԼʲô
״ӵʲôӼﳵȡһСͶԽӦŷոǶŷ˵ҽŷ˳ոѣ֪ͨ̽
۾šǰһС
ҽʦǰʼ¡Ѫѹָꡣһ߼һ߹۲첡˵ķӦȻ飬ܿЦ⼸һֱڻԣӦû֪ǰ߼˽ҽԺȫöġǰŮʿ͵ġ
¡Ůʿ촽ĿȻ
ⲡʱʶƺѣҽʦĿͣܿײ˵ѯʣЦŮʿҲóǵ𣿡
ܶಡ˳ڻԺּҵ״̬ǰĲ˴ӲϿѾ꣬ҽʦСѯʣĵؿų⣬ȷϲ˵
ʱʧȥ֪ʱģȥͲƬһҽʦĻĿȻ㶵ؿǰһᣬ΢΢صͷڻӦԼ
ǰûˣҽʦ״˳ļ״̬Żʿز˸ݣڲ˼¼
Ŀ򷿼컨壬Ƕá
ļάϵ˴ԼСʱϺȻһƵĽŲ˴Ÿ߸ЬڷɿСܡ漱ٵһ󣬷ĴźȻٶȱƿһŮӵӰͻȻС
磡һֳŵֱϣſڴе
üϢлЩϢֻһȴóⱳȻͷſڴȥ
ſվŵŮͷϴźɫŮʿȹŰɫտȥʮƯ۽΢΢ϵ¶һ˫̽ѯ۾λϿ
װѾͼķֵسȫһΨòϤӰӣԼмӡ
Ȼؿţ۾ʪģӡ
վſڵĳĿߵߣһѱļ򣬽ͷľ
΢΢㶣ܿԼ߳
磬ڻˡ
磬ҵþúþá
֪һģһҵġ
̫ˣ̫ˡ磬ѹ˰

ۣһ̧֣ر塣
ǡ
ˡ
*
̫ƽϸڵʱȻǰС϶ʬ壬еҲŮģһһææϱصĹٸá
عٸѶǰ̷ڡ
պһȺµĹԱ͢ξٷȺϲ鿴ͻȻȴڸ±ߵһɽͣ
ɽּžз绺ּ䣬ɳɳ졣͢ξΪ׵ļվ³Ĭá
ڣ˳š
ˣ⡢⡭Ҫô죿ƽʵ
ʲôô죿Ŀͣͣʵ
ִ˵ʬ壬ϱϣȻϵּ⣿ƽ
ü촽˶ȴɽ洫һ󼱴ٵ˻һס
Ǿؾͳ졣˵Ҫֺү
ˣκ˶ܽȥæҪˣ͢ξ˶˲ҪΪǡ
Ҿͼִһ档ҽȥҪִˡ
ּ¶죬ּİ֧顣
䣬һӰµסӰһվϣŵؿŵŵˣ촽οֱϡ
ԭ죬Һ;𡣡һ૵
û˻شĻеֻԽԽĳ֡
ˣٽȥˡɽˤһڵײײسµףԶûϢӰȥ
ǺαءտһȻģ̾Ϣһ
ҡҡû뵽ִ˻ߡֳʬֻʣ¼ɵľ룬촳ߣȴټǰȻΪִһֱڡ
죬ִȥǶѹִ֪˸񣬵ڰƽο
ǰ졣յִҲ͢ξˣǻչ˺ĺ¡
üȻֳȥķȴȻһӰƾճ֣ͻȻվֳߡ
ڳһ㶣Ծ㶵ؿͻȻֵˡ
ûκ˲ʲôʱӰȥΪϤʱ͵͵ؿֳʬ壬£ر
ѪۣĻһ
ִţѾʯƣ׵ֱϣдһ顱֡
Ӱرͷ򥿿ֳĶͷã̧ա
߾ƮƣʲôûС
Ŀ˲Ľһ̤žУһ˲ʧ˵С


169 ¼
ҽԺҽʱ佫˼, ܿļ鱨档챨ϣѪ桢Լⶼֵԡ֫ʱûпȷѾʼת, װ˳ڵĻ״̬
Եʱ䳤, ǻܱ״̬Ѿǳסҽʦ, ȥθܺӪҺע, ˰һϵеĿϰʼָ
ҽʦİŽи, ʱһߵǰ, žеԼ
ûֳòȫصԼӵģȻΪԴԵʣƤѾ쳣԰, ֫ЩήҲǰһȦ˿ȥֳ軹Ҫ
磬ôˣųⶢžӷ, ʵ
ûʲôĬĬջĿ⣬ų΢΢һЦǺܾûѹ, оЩİ
ͷѾھ, ϸϸڼղ;࣬ĵƤסϸ, ʮӡųһ㶣Цûϵ㲻ϤءȻѹ, ϶õúܿ졣߸òˣҾͽؼҡ
áؼ֣
ЦһڳĲظƻӡкõˮطڲ輸ϣ߰ڷűߵ磬ؼңܻصǰӡԺÿɾٲֿ
ǰϰʱ򣬳㾭ڼΪ׼ˣ°ؼҺÿοĶǰڷŵĲƷˮʱ꣬⿴ĶٶȻ񣬸һͷֵһá
ûн˵˻ΪܹóԣҲصų⽲һѵĻֱҹ˲뿪
վڴĿͳ뿪ҽԺ
⼸һֱԼæѾʮˣѾԼĹܹÿʱѾǼ׵飬ףҲöԷôһֱԼ
ţڷϰһʱ䣬ŻصϢ
ܹصԼǳһֱ飬⼸ȴ˯ֻҪһ۱뵽Ǹµӣ˼޿԰Ρ
ĲпյţůУȴ˯ÿÿǵҹ뷽˯ٵȵʱ۾ȴǸ߲¥￴ճ֮Щ۴αȵ¥
ûоǵҵƻڴϿҲǻʹɴʣշתʱ򡭡ϤϢҲڡ
į䣬ȷȷʵʵ統ԸĻˡ
Ŀһҹ컨塣
ڶϰ˵㣬ߵֻͻȻ
ֻǳصظģֻгһ˵ϵʽ˵绰˵칫˾£ܵҽԺԼ
õǸȻȥǷġ
ǰ֪˽ҽԺĿ֪ߵĲסԺʮָ߰һ˯꣬ʱȴΪеҽҩѣһ˿϶ʮֲס
û˵Ҳû
ʱæµЦЦֻóȥԼ顣³صԼθޣҪǳԺͣŹ˵绰
ûг񣬳ڷһ˴һһȥҽԺС԰
·һȳһȳģȥǷһ͵ģϵĲ˲Ŀ࿴һۡ
ֳʱѾϰ˱˵Ŀ⣬ʱע⵽Ա˵Ĳ죬ֻ˶Уһһ߿Ź԰ķ羰
˽ҽԺĹ԰޼ʮ־£ԲƺˮͤһӦСȵƬС֣ȥ¶ţ˷ּ֣Сɢ˼·ȴȻ˵
ǴΧǽ˵ʲôŭ
ô֣ʵ
ܸ磬鲻ð찡Խ͵ҽԺǸ߼˽ҽԺ浽ͷǵѾȹ㣬ʵǲ֡
ѹֳǼ˰ѳҽԺǽܸ˵³үǱߴߵúܽ

˵Χǽ⴫С΢΢һ㶣ͣ½Ų
˲֪ҽԺڵڣֵܸ磬ҽԺ϶УڳѾˣܲһֱҽԺɡ뿪ҽԺѰҲа
ߣ⵹ѵʱ򡣡ܸʵ
Ǻǣ⼸첻ҽԺ˵˵϶Ů˷ǳҪʱ£
ܸһŮĻúܣǱ˿δطҪǶֵĻҿҪô죡
վΧǽţü
߰ɣүҲ쵽ҽԺˡΧǽ˸ЦһܸھͿǳʶʶôѲĻᡣ
һӦһܸһ߿
ָֻƽȴû뿪ʶһ·Χǽ̽ʶֱһҽԺſڴŷһӳĺ·ͣ£ܸӭȥȥ˴򿪳š
¶ϤϢ
Ȼһػлʶվԭط㶡
˺һȻ۾ԼֺЬ档
ҽԺſڵġүѾסԺȥ
ʰŲԼķȥ·һȳһȳģֱԼ¥㷽ͣ¡
Ĳпڵ㡣лʿѰʱ֣߹
Ӧһ
ҽԺĲ˴󲿷ֶѾ͵ĲˣǰȴǣʱԲѣòټӢ˧תԺʱ˲ٹעְĻʿ˵⣬ʱòϢǳɫ΢΢һ죬æ˵һСġع
л뻤ʿһߵſڡ
ڹȻѾһˡͿȥʮ£ϴŰĺɫװͷ롣վīıڣڱϣһװӿߴ󣬵ɫ䣬ȥЩ𺡣
˶˷ſڵĶ⿴˿ܿ¶һЦݡ
С⣬þòһкһߴŶԷ
¶Ȼһƻйүүôˣ
ĳƺϵЦݸԵСⰡ˵תѣصع
ллүүԵ͵ӦһתԱߵĻʿһлǽ߽䡣
·ԻûлָվԱߵӼ״¶һ˿мǱΪүү˿źЦʾԱȥæ
лһߵ輸Աߣ˲豭˲ҶȥˮȵҶãٶˣݹв豭
Ӷţϲм֮ЦŽӹŲ豭ĲҶûкҲûпڡ
Ż˸λ£ϴŲɫǲ԰ףȥ񲢲Ǻܺá˵үүһ˺ܾãЩܣ벻Ҫ֡
ᡣ˵
ǴүүӦòǿô򵥰ɣͣ˻ᣬò˵Ϊҵ£ǳ£


170 
û뵽ʱżɽ, ɫ΢΢һȴܿ˵ò, үүֻǴ¼ҹ̽㡣
𣿡, ˵ֺֻ, ԰ԼЬ滺һЦ
в, лϦСⰡ, ҲΪԼĲա˿⴩ŲӣĿ΢, ͷʾһ۵, , Ѷù
˵ĻеĲмŵĺӵˡ
һ㵣ǽܵ϶࿴һۡ
˿Ŀ⣬һӣߴ򿪺ӱߵ, Ǽǰסķӣ֮ǰʹ, ֻһֱûҵʵĻᡣڼȻѾѹǷҲʱ򽻸ˡ
˵ţƵǰ, һۿȥֻһļļ湤طԿס
ֻԿѾߺܾ, ⿴һ㶵үүʲô˼
öǳ¼ҵˣҲûˡ˵
ⲻԿüʵ
˽ļóݸүү֪⼸˺ܶ࣬Ҳܲסδ»ص¼ңֻҪǩļǲûⴱӣҴӽԺҲǳ¼ҵһӣЩҲ˸۸С 
ӹļԵؿһ£ȴһѪԵ϶һǹ飬綨¼ҡԼõĹϵġ
ĸһֱ¼Ͽɵ˽ӣԺҲ㱻¼ջأڵֵĸ˾Ʋծֻʣͳ˱뿪Ϊĸţû֮ǰһֱΪԼõŬΪԼͳ¼ҴӴ˷ֵȫû뵽ԼԺѾǵĳ¼һס
ļԽԽĿͣǩֵĿϡ
ôС⡣˵ݹȥһ֧ʡ
ⴹ׿Űֽ֣ûȬٻ̧ͷһᣬȴʼûнӹʡ
롣һص
㲻س¼𣿡ʵ
ίҿݶдҺͳ֣õ˼
ãһĻһû˵Աǽܵз
Ȳƣļ΢΢һ٣̧ͷƳһۣеļ¼ѾʮûйãүүҪҵķӵҲǿнҺøϳջصġЩǰ֮ȻҪһЩ
˵֮ǰ˼ȴû˸ղŵĹǫɫʱһ䣬Ŀ⣬ڻɳүĺ⣿
û˼үүĺˣ»롣
˵ţתͷ˵үүҸոմѹЩûзӦô죬¡
㡭ܻ˵ʲôȴסǱΪү۾ݹ᾵ĳ⣬ǸúӣοҪˡ
лүүһˣ岻ãҲҪ׼ϢˡֻǽļطŻ˺Կ˻صǰ
ؾĻԭɫɫһһϵǺͰҲУ⣬ãϸҡ
šӦһûٴ𻰡
мأ˿һۣű뿪
Ҳһ˺棬߳ŵʱؿǸ磬ϺȻ𴽽ǣת뿪
ָֻƽֻʣʱ߶ȴûϢľͷһһţʶѾܺ͡ү߽˵ݡ
үûףһǲǰԭļƻ
ͳΪǳߡԼѡľ·Ҳֲĺ
ôүҪҲǸײϣҪͳ¼԰
ߣǲʶôѰ·
ĶԻüԭĵطһᣬϷš
ûãķֱÿտ
ڷĬȻػصԼĴλϣ£ؿŷѩ컨塣
ʱһһš
⼸ȻæնûҽԺ̽⣬ֻǺͳⱣż򵥵ĵ绰ϵֱպ󷽲³ڳĲڣɫЩƣ
ճһֱڸ·ѾҪҲָǰɫóиˣֻ˻ţóĸ첲òˬ
磬ʲôʱ΢һ㣿ڵĳıﶼоĹͷˣڳ⻳һᣬСԹ
ⱾǿƣţʱһģЩЦáڵԼֳʱֳ࣬꣬ҸоѾϰߣʻЦʵж֣
ܹ˯ľͺáش
ǰ˵úЦЦԺȴȻ뵽ԼǰڹͽһʱҲʱ鱧˯šǸ忴ȥ֣ȴһ˭ʣںüϴʱԺĲ״̬
¸ǰ뵽˴΢΢һ죬ȵйʱȴɴ۾Լ˼飺磬Ҹո˵ʲôˣȻˣ
ȫǣüӳֵʲôģ㶼ˣôôɣ
˸գϡһδӳȵ磬ҲŲɣٹգұԽԺˣʱڼչ㣬϶ðװ֡
ⱻװ֡ĸһ£磿
ЦЦŻ磬ǰû׬ǮѾչˡ
ôĺټ⿴΢΢һ㶣ԤгĹܹ¼ҵע⣬Ӧòֻûл棬Ҳûü˽⡣룬ǵ׬ǮСҲҪ̫۵Լ
ҡͷǰĳ⣬ЦЦ磬Ҳۡʵչ¼ҡ


171 æ
һ, Ŀ¶ȣС˵չ¼ң
¼ԭǳͳ˵ıңֵģļʵҵGָҵƷڳ֮ǰ, ϵ岮ֹðѿس¼Ҽҵ, Gл죬ԺĴڡ
˯֮ãⱾʳֹõĸ׳ѫΪλᵽҽԺԼǩ, ڳȻҪչ¼, ʱóӦ˹
˯⼸꣬Ĺɷݵһ㡣񿴼, ֻǽµؽһѾг¼ҰĹɷ, ͵Ź˾˶ԲƲ, ʽչˡ
˵üҪȫʡʲѪȷ, ˻һļ¡ûظĸΪĹɷݾѾ˲ٳ¼ˣȴǹһ, ʵڲԼԺôһ·߹ġ
ųֻŮͷ򵥵䣬ϵ·Լ, ѾȥɬŮӴʱţջ̽ؿڵ, ˵ѫҹ㡣
ţϷΪ˽ҽԺÿ̽˶еǼǣ֪Ҳ֡ûзϵûӦ
˿ߵѫһֱþֻϧӺӳ, Ѿɲˡ磬㣬绰ңԸϼһ
΢΢һ㶣ϵĲмͳֻЩİȻһ󣬻Цģ¸Ӧù
˵ţֵСʲôҲԺ˵ҿʲô԰㡭
΢ȣܿЦһҡͷѵûʲô˵ţ̲ס῿ڳͷ⼸칫˾̫æҶûʱ硣
·ֻصǰһֱԼС񣬳Ȼһ¶ֳ磬ͷ
ȥһӣȻøæµȵ˳ԺʱֹһˣԴųصԼסļ
ȥGеĵ·Ҳ˷츲صı仯ڳһһ;İ¥ֱͣſԼڵλһƬʽСͣλһ¥ߵĶӣһۿȥͥԺʮֿɵǽɫ԰໥ӳţԵʮи
ǰͳһʱʱס˵ⷿúסĸ߲׷ǰķֻڼСʱⴱŶĴ󶰷ӣǰĸϷӸԵɣⲻ˰죬űЦнܡ
ⷿǳǰģһСţΪڵҽԺ̽һж߽ſڣ㿴ķѾһߵȴţ̴˸кĿԼ
ʼһһܷӶˣԸķչ˺óʳסУִų˷ӵĽṹ͵λԼĹ԰̳ʩ˵һ룬ϴŵֻˡ
۵绰룬½˼䣬üֻ
ôˣӣʵ
ֹĵ񣬻̾˿ǹ˾顣ѫڳ¼ҵծȨֽţ⣬ҵԻع˾һˡ
ѫȥǲóõ¼ʱˡԥһᣬǵСҪ¾ȥæʵҲûʲôˣȻ˼һϤġ
гĻ˿ǲĵŸոյңҶûӷϴ
Ժ󶼻ҲѾͷƬôʽЦ
üһ΢ɿڵҲáȥæʲôһǵң
İɡص
غͳ
һȥ춼ûлؼҹҹȵؼѾǳˣȻĽŲӰϢûйȥţȵʱѾŲˡ
ˣڱȹ졣ıķ϶һֱ˽µʱҲŮ˵翴ȥʵûгǿơȥƵġʶһΣĬȻջأһгɢ
Ѿȥ£ѾָԭȻȥ·ӻǲҲûѫԼǻһȦһգֻҪټȥӦúܿ»ص˵
ֻɢʱһԼ
뵽ҽԺĶԻ
صҵĵգǺͳŴ񣬳Ӷ˵ǰĹ԰ɢ
ǰһ·Ĳոߵ԰ĹսǴȻоһƬӰ£Ҫͷ鿴״Ȼ顱һײ
һܿǰȥ
ֱסһ䣬һشͷܿ˿Աߵ˵ܸ磬ˡ
սӰһɫ԰ףϵİ׳ѪҺ£ȴЦһʾ˼
˵ףؽϴŵԿסֻѳȡסֽţúڽ˳͡
ûֻ֪Ϣ΢Ŀƾ˵İڲ
ܸ磬⿴ȥһӣ˵𣿡˵˼ϸϸģɵ
һ磬ǲӣֲ˻ɾԻصѾã֣߳ȷ϶ԷûзӦ̲סЦ СƤҲͳһ㣬Ⱑ⣬˭㲻úõֲˣѣȴƫҪʱѻ
ܵЦܵҲ̲סЦһѽ⿸ӽԱ׼ڣںˡ
Է˿ڵѪˮ鷢Ƥϣȥʮ˼״ͷûһ̲סʵҪǳɿڣҪôã
ͳ¼ԣҲʹζѹóɿڣڳүǰһҲʹˡܵôˣܲҽɣ
ͷܸ硣ܵԺǺЦһϺ䡣
ܺͰ˾³ɣܿ찴һʼ̶õ·ʻ룬һ·뿪GгУһɽȥ
ɽһѾõĳٽĿĵصʱ򣬺󱸳ϺȻ
ܺͰ˶һۡ˵ȻǳѾӻ˯ԼĻԷ˻ЦЦֻóֱĿĵز䡣
ţĹæԵͫסĿǱؿˣȻͣܵϣƺʶʲô
ûõģ䵽ˣȰİɡ֪ѾϳԼݣЦһֻܿ׼һƬ
Ʒ䣬˲佩ӲȴһѴӳקһ·Ͻ˳ڡ
һ·ȴ΢ûз¶һ˿ֽڵϡ
سϵİɫѾڸոеʱ򳹵Ū࣬׻ѪûиɺԣʪյճƤ¶ɺ죬ȥʮֵĲǱÿһ쳣
ܿ˼ۣȴûŹܿȡֻ׼⣬һƵԷϵĽ
ⷢһ˿ƺߡ
ܼ״¼Ƽ¼Ƶ⣬ʲô˵


172 
ֻǳ,ǳΪ˷ϵ͸Լֻ
̧ͷĿֻͷͣһۣ͵ü,ҪʲôҪʲô
ϵʻзӦһһѹסļһһץסͷ,ʹԷ׼ֻĻ
ܿϵ·,滹˲Ѫȥһʮҵ,ʡȥԼһ㡣ЦЦ,뵽߰ģֿǰĳ⣬Ȱһ㣬ʵʵ¼Ƶ,óԹԵؽϵĹɷ,Ҫ²,øۡ
ȺСˡͷƵͷǰ,ͺһø,Ǹӣƴ֮¾һֻ֣־ϻȥ
ܱ㽫ⱻܵƵ,û뵽һȭͷͷ̴ƫһߣҽһֻҲڵϡ
ֻ,ֲһԼĴǣָѪ΢΢һ㶣Ŀʱúֱһȭͷϻȥ
ⷢһҽУʱڵأͷĵǽڣܿǽѪӡ
⣬ǳĸ磬ƲԳԷƣҴ򣬺ݺݵش򣡡ܿǽһԵίĿ¶׺ݣ˵
˵ܵλߣΧ£һȭߡ
˿ڣȥʶ壬ֻð˴ţһ㱻õ浽Ѫ
ʼ۾
磬ȥˡԳıϢ
ֻߵǽǣѪңڵϣѾûʶӣЦ¼һΣŹƵȡԼֻ˼Ƭ͵ѫֻ
һֻ죬Ϣεηص
ܴ򿪲鿴źϾֻ
ųֻᣬĵ绰롣
ཡһ绰ä
äԭѾƻԵĳһ
ܵȴųӵ绰Ȼ뵽Լ֮ǰõ£񽥽䣬ô֯ڵ绰в񣬶ȴȻ顢顱˵ص
΢΢һ㶣ҪͷٶȴһҽС
ҽмٶݣһ˵ص
ܸоһƬӰ£ȻʶԣæתͬĵطȥǰȴͻȻһӰ˸׽ٶȡ
۽Ƴ˷ڵһȻһĿҪ׷ѰӰʧķתȥ󾱴ȴ͵⵽һػǰʱѹѹһƬ
㡢˭ܿǰģӰʵ
ûлش
顪ܳʧȥʶеֻ䡣ǰ˵ҲһˤڵϷصû˶
ֻٶأŵäĻϷι磬ôͻȻҵ绰
ߵ绰Աߣûд𻰡
ι磿õ˵𣿡Ӧڵ绰һͷʵ
ֻԱߣֻ˾סͷվš
˼͸¶һ˿ֱȷϳⲻش𣬷ŹҶϵ绰
ֻʧˣվֻԱߵżֻ
ֻʱָֻ֮仹һɫٷĻ㿪¼ƵƵһ飬˳ᣬһ绰롣
绰ܿͨ
ιãҪֻ绰ȥЩ˻ƵͳgϽʡ·ߵɽһĳ淢һܰʿܳΣա
ߺƽͬǿιɫ˶ͷϻѪʱ£ȾڳϣһɫѪ
ܺͰѣᷢⱨ˲ǱˣǸոձǴιȥĳ⡣
ʱĳ֪ʲôʱ򱻽£˿ȥʮǱȴܿ˴ͥȫǱѹӡ
绰ĽԱһ㶣ҪѯʾϢȴҶ˵绰ܵ˵ֻҲһһ鿴֮ǰͨĿⷺһ˿⣬Լֻһųһš
ȡ֮ǰԼؽеһһܰһ
ڼֻΣǳĻز绰⿴ֻһۣȴûȥӣֻסԼͷϵ˿ڣѰ˳նĴԾһ̤Ϸʯߡ
̧Զ
˴λڰɽ䣬ΪѾõԵʣԱľڣڳǰǹ·ţż·µϢԶи¥ӰһۣҲ˸оҹ
⿴һⷽŶ˶ȴûջأԶԶȥ
һߣ̿ƣ÷·һŶĻ棬ȴһؿá
飬һؼˡһŵ͵͵
شǷߵķ磬û
¼ҵļˡԶģҡ߹úܺá
ռûлӦ
ԺӦûá૲
ѾûǸˡ
ʹĿһ̧ۿˮⷺ
㡢أʵ
ʺܿ챻ûڰУеֻһڷϵӰԼ֣ɳɳ졣
һСʱʡϴѵгڴƬɽֵİ
վּ䣬žɽͣ
оǰ̽̽˼䣬ûлȫװسڡƬ֮жԽ㱨˷˷ԼѪȷʵ;ٱ˵һаܰ
ֵǣﲢûѵˡԱмֻڷźõֻǱ׼õġ
֤ľ̶ֳ֤ݹ̶
һܵ˱ӳڴѺϾ
ĬĬؿŷµɨβںܿṦһĵ뿪ɽ֡
ܿ˼أһ·ͣͣ³ˮһ¥ķͣ¡
gľôڳд¥ؼҵ¥֮һճƽʱ͸¶ϢõĹ˾칫ص㡣
ʱѾӵʱ䣬̫ڰ칫¥ĲϣһɫĴ۹â
칫¥дװóݶ£һһ߳칫¥Щ
⿴ţ¶Ц¥Ծ£һǰȥ
ȻҲӰһʱѾһߵ˳ߣӹеİſɡ
㶡
ߣȴ˺ܶࡣü˵˼仰ţĸĺ󱳣ϿϺϣڰο
ûôֻͷ
վڰţһĬĿ⣬ԭҪĽŲ˻
Ѿߵһ복У뿪˳ߡ


173 ȴ
,Ƽʼ䣬֮䣬϶С
ʱ,һѩɽɽϣ˳У°Ϲѩ棬ǳǳ̤ѩ
ɽߺ,ɽ¼ţįɨ׷,ûгֹ˵ټ
,߹Ƭѩ£ëƮ˾ղ࣬ĳһա
һѩ쳣,ʱбһӡһɰ,,һп˵Ļ
ĵһɼǵ˰̺һֱ˺ۺبţڻʱ,ڵļͷѾĿڴ˿ڴĿ,ܵһ
ɫװɫǳϺѪɫ,̲ռղ࣬ȥֲɫȴȻ·ϵ˿ڲڣü˳ͬ˯ȥһ㡣
յʱȥϢҲûѹļµֻ߽ʬ塣
ӵͷŻһڻǽƽطߵ֦ϣϵ죬ա
ʱתҹһֽ㣬ʱȻ̧ףǿ̶ĥڵڴ˿һһػݣٰ㲻ᡣ
ϸѩƮ˵ü䡢ۼ䡢Ҽ·ϡ
ỮĬĬãڴȡԱߵĻѡ
䣡Ѵ֦ɲ񣬺ܿȼл˲û֦ŵʬ壬һɫļӰ
վԱߣлԾĿӰӡ
𷢳ࣵ죬ӰҲʼŤڻлǷ裬ϿУһر䰵ϷĻС
˻߱ɽķѩ𣬰ź裬ϢɢòŻ
ѩµøˣĺɨɽһһ齥ȥյĺۼ
ٶػƽɽ䣬һХ
ɳɳãһӣɽɽۡ
ɽǰƺģʮһգɽ֮ǰϡɽҲ
ĬȻţɨɽʯòĺѩֱߵĺӻ¡
ϹӣʢĹǻҡ
ӾüƽĹǻԱߣ̧ۣٶԶȥ
ߣһƬ硣
*
ԭؿųȥķãĬĬջԼĿ⡣
ؽԴĽУֱ˾סСĹ԰ԼӰȥ
Ѿʼ䰵Ϧ£ϼƬϼ⣬ҹĻ·ϳӵʱн·мĺ̵Ʊ˴˽š
·˿⣬ʱвĿ⿴ϺϵѪͣ˼ۣԼͬط׷ױƹû˸ǰѯʡ
ʹۣһ˾صȹһƣкϴźȻǰ
磡ǳϤĺޱȵĽš
̧ǰ濴ȥ
վȺУȻĿæȺܹ
ü嵽Լǰ´һۣæһץֱۣŵز鿴ơ
磬û°ɣЩĿⴥֱϵ࣬㶣ץųֱҲս
û¡Ԥ֮У밲ο񣬵һڣ㿴˸ڳ߹
𴽽ǡ
쿴Ҳ΢΢һ㶣Ŀڳͷϵͣһۣܿǰѯʳ
gгжӽӵ绰ǰٱص㷢ְֳֳµ֤ϵ˵˵ó
֪ºļ٣뾯һѰҳ⡣ֱղŷڹ԰ʧһĳ⡣
òǱвѪӾƵﱻŹġһۣȷ򾯾֪ͨµĽչ
ֵ֪Ѿҵһ֧ӵ˹Գdnaָƽв֤Գƽм
Ҫں׺Ͷͷϣݷҽ΢𵴣ֵҵûʲô֢˿ڣЩȻȥأֻƤˣûʲô󰭡
ˣľջؼҺӾпԼ类ܵƵ֪ʧٺ˱ĵ֪˽ܣѰ
ǳ¼ҵˣǰͼԼȡϵĹɷݣݺˣһͨѾٿԼǰȫû뵽ԷȻٶȰ򵽸ոѵĳϣһӵķʽ
һ˲飬ʱֵչ¼ʲⱻǺͳѫйء
񰵰սָ֣׼Ƕ
ݾ٣ºչ¼ʲйأǳѫˡųһ¼һ߱˿ڣҸвңŹ
ݾǳжӸܰĶӳǾΪŮ٣ʱԵͷֳֻһͨȷʵǴģЩж˵ʲô𣿡
ûУǵ绰û˷صҸŸոתѣ飬ҡҡû
ݾԭ˼Ļ΢΢ȣĳļŮʿģһ֤ȷ䣬ǻֻع
лл١ص
ݾ΢΢һЦĿԶѯʱ¼ϡ
ʱѾһͷͺ״ѾƺɴȥЩƣǿӦž⡣
Ʋ˿Լشʱ˶٣߿
ݾٺܿ챧֮һһЦ
΢΢һ㶣òԵص˵ͷ
ȥģʱڵƹ£ĿҲʮͣƵƢԸȫͬݾ΢΢һЦܿ߹
һһߵһʡ
ʲôʵ
ֻҪdnaֳѪҺбȶȷǾͻԹ̶ܵ˵ķʵݾٿ˳һ۵Һܺ棬ôģ


174 һ
ҽԺ﷢Լܲǽܵ˵Ķʱ,㷢ԼһֱųܹɵշʶҾһṦ书,Ѵص硣
ܵ˻Լе,ֻﲻͬһ,ܶ޷ֳ޼ɵشӲ,㽫ƾͼ,ܵΪԼɹ,ֳȺļ󱨾þ룬ٽ뿪
ܵ˵ķʵ֤ȷ䣬ое,ܸѫһѹһóϵѹҲСϺܶࡣ
ֻԭΪһľһ,ȴû뵽ȴһжʵÿ£˼վ,޷ƵȥξǸˡ
ݾ,ʱȥ,ʱڹ԰Ĭ죬ǻصҲ֪Լôġ
ݾü۲ųɫιȥ֮ǰûʲô𣿡
һ,ãȻҡͷ
ݾټ״ٶ뵽˳ֻƵƵܵŹ󣬳ȷʵ˹ȥ,ͱ¼ϵĿھһ¡ܺҲȷʵ¹ԵƬ֤˵ĲǼٻ
ֻȻɵ㡪˭˳⡣
ֻǳԼģݼ֤Ƶıȶԣı绰λϲûȡָƣҽԱӵľٱҲͳɫ񣬸ݾĳƶϣ˵Ӧúֲܿĸ֡
ֻϧֳȴ޴Ѱ٣·ϵļҲû¹˵µĺۼ
ܰ汻ȣԽʮͻȻڹ԰һոմҽԺѵֲˣݳ񡢱ķҽԺҽĿڹŸոջָǱʱαıܵ˰ܳɹ˺Ʊķա
ݾĿǰϣϵ˺ۣĳļҲãҿоաҿҲˣ͵Ϊֹɡ
ͷ˳̧ۿǰŮӵлݾ١
ݾٵ⣬Ժʲôѿҡ
һ㶣ֵܿͷһЦݡ
ݾٿ۳ģṴ˴ǣܿкµĶԱӡ
ԼĶӳԱʰԼͷϵĹͶӳһ뿪ļС
ʱѾҹŵӣɫѾױڣֻʣС·Ź⡣ݾٵ˵ĳ𣬸ԼľʻС
æµһİܰĶԱƣض˶ǣʼİӣҲ֪˭˲磬˺Ȼ˶ˣ참ʱûио۶ӳǸĸ̬ȺܲһûûУ
˶ѾʮϤƽʱϲԣƴڻôһᣬоԱȷʵоôһ㲻Ծ׷׵ͷݶƽ¶Ψֱ˲֪ŮӵӣǶԳЦ˚G
ŮھӸڲһ׵飬仹ж΢һ֧ɵŮ١˲ͷߴߴشȤڸʻݾüܿЦһЩСӲúøɻһ쵽ڰʲô
ݶӣĲ𣿡оԱЦʵҿݶӿĸ磬춼رľ˵ӶǰĴˡ
ݾɫ΢죬ȴʸڷϵǰĸͬѧʶѡ
ļٵİиԱܿ촫ȵҿǳӦöʮӣȻݶһѾʮüˣ
һ˵΢ĿһŮҧгݵ⣡Сã
СõľԱŲԼֱڿ죬ԼҶӳʹæͷ˵һϵжԱҲðҿû飬Ǹĸ磬ϵǺͶӳʣǶӳͬѧƷӦҲ˽⡣
΢ԼüͷȻͳͬѧֻĸбѧˣ˵ûǮˣҲûм
ʻϵľԱһ㶣Ծò˼顣һ˵ǳĸ磬ôûǮ飿
΢̾һʱڵĳ⣬ȴֻϡǵ˷ѧæ뿪ıӰ
ô˵Ҳģѧֲֵôãֱ˰ܡСõѹݶô
ҵǿȻûӱȽGݶӣѵǡͻϸǾޱһ͵Ůӣ

һ·ȥ΢еıֽͷ˺һһܺˣҹģǣܵķ֤ݹ̶𣿳ѫڵ𣿾ȳҵԣҴЩȥưȻ¶ͨӰ࣬һܣ
ϵԱ΢һͨѵ⣬Ӱһ飬æͷ絷⡣
ȥ죬Ӷ԰ܰ顣ڼϾٶǰصֳָϡĹ̺Ƶ¼һ£ܵ˷ʵ֤ȷ䣬ܿ챻׼ʽѺڿڡ
ܰһĸˣ΢˸Ƶ¼Ʒһﷸַ֣ȻѶйȻµİס
ǳ¼ҵˣЩײ鵽ٶָ¼ңʱĳ¼ȨѾ£ֻȵļָѫ֤ˣƵص¼Ҳóѫͷ۲ѡ
ѫû뵽ܸⶼӣǰо׷ٵ飬йб˦йɷݣľ泹״ͳ񽻷ƽ⣬ó¼ٶ᧿Σľء
ѹѫץչ¼ңƴһƬþ档æ֮ൣĳѫٶȶԳٶ֣Ϊֲıڣÿػ֤İȫ
⿴űĬȻһ󣬵ִŵҪ󣬵û˵ʲôճҪڼ˰£ڼ˲ƸվͶ˼ݼ
ѧߣĿհףͶ˼ݾյ˼ݻؾš
⿴Żؾźһ䣬ϣȵͷͺ׵˿Ȭһš
ಽϣҪȥ
ȥߡ򿪷ţڸϣ½Ųǲһֱҡ
໥һۣһ˴ǳŮʿһֱߣ£ǿɵ𡣡
¼չѾʱ̣Ѿüûлؼңüû˵
ߵСſڣȴȻһ̴ٵ
гͣߣ£¶һϤԼܰŮ΢
ȥ΢Цſųʵ
һ㶣ԷûдƷϴŵǼ̵ĺɫƤ£ҲǾһͨĺɫ˽ҳ
ȥ˲гϾǵԼӵľ٣ܿص
˲г΢Ŀ΢ȣ۳˸ıڣ̲סҪȥҹ𣿴ǲʰɣ
¶һ˿Σǳҳ¡
гãҪȥҹ΢ʧЦ
һ㶣ЦݽڴǣĿ⡣
΢ȻʶԼ˵æĿڵ⣬Һ㿪Ц⡣ҵ˼гãͦĽġ
Է˵񣬳ܿЦûʲôϵҾԼҪЩҺܶ鶼ѾϤˣԺҪһһʰ
ЦЩͣ΢Ŵ˴ͷҲáҽпգҪȥɡ


175 
㵡
ؾ, ǰ΢ȴѾӼпȡ֤ıҡҡǾ, ҴŲʲô, λȻȥɡ
ǰŮʱ侭ӵе飬֪Ǹܰľ, ˻ᣬǵ˵ͷûٸ
ϳɡ΢ʾ⡣
⿴ųƬ̵ĳĬٿıڣϺллݾ١
̫ˣǺôͬѧһֻǾ֮Ͷѡ΢Ц, GеͶгȥ
͵Ӧһ, ںû˵
ĺ˵΢̲ס̧ӾϿȥֻԼһӴʱڳԱߣûͨһֻ, ֻһ˾ؿŴ⡣ǾòԵ, տȥ˳еĹâؽֵɫ˲һһ·羰вۻĸоİ롣
΢ջĿ⣬ų⣬⼸ı仯ͦġϤ飬ƽӦñȽæ⣬ҿԴൽתת
áһ, صô˼ͷݾ١
Ļ΢ͣһ£ЦҲһֱݾ٣ҽݼ٣ֱӽ־Ϳԡ
̧ʻҿȥֻŮ̷ͷ˿͸¶ĸգĬĬòػصС㡣
΢ڷ̵΢΢һ٣ֺܿ¶Цݣû˵ʲô
һ·ʻĿĵصͣⱾһǰ΢ȴһˣһ˲г
GԴ˴ƸᣬӦѧͰĽѰҹ˲гͷܶʮ֡ԼͶ˼ҹ˾Ͷݵļ󲿷ֱֶɸѡкԣֻûжʽҵ¶࿴˼ۣڵ֪йüĲʷַ׷ҡͷ˻ء
ֻһҹ˾ڳǰ϶Щ⣬óؼҵȹ˾֪ͨ
Ҳû˵ûǲã˼䣬õҲֻģɵĻظֻôһ˳
ô΢Աų⣬ʱĿȪˮݸԷ
˵ǻؼҵϢ⿴ſȪˮƿһ£΢󷽵ӣǽ˹ȴûǡ
΢ʮľ죬ͨʣֻôһ˵ԼһЩοھҵãҹǻһЩʵЩ飬ҵһѻû԰ܹ
ٶһ£ЦܵٵȵϢɡ
΢Ѿ֮оܾΣϵЦݽ˽ٿʱԺȴƵ˵ӣûһЦźͳһ߹ӵƸᡣ
˱߱Уʱ˵һ䣬󲿷Ҳ΢ʳش֮ߵýȴһεĸҽ˵ʴ
΢а̾˿ŵƸһȥĲ͹һԵͣԱ߳ĽŲȴȻͣ
ôˣ΢˼ûиͷʵ
ûӦ
΢üķȥȴʱһվУԱȴһؿ·Ķ棬۾ƿʲôҪĶ
⼸ճ΢ӡһֱʮְڰܺҲһܺһ¶ķʱĳȴ֮ǰȻ෴ȫпȥעĿֱֱؿţԼĻδš
΢оȣٶ˳ųĿ·Ķ濴ȥֻ·һƬϢвӱЪϡﱾƽƽעĵطȴһǽվϡ
ܸߣϴһİɫзòͷϵĶñȥ˴룬ñ£ӱӢͦտȥһ˵΢Ĵ󲿷ӶҪÿϺܶܶࡣ
Ŀ⼱˵ò¶һ˿ɡ
ҲʱǴµߺȻйһˣϴͨǳװһӣߵʱشӴȡһݸӡ
ӵĿӴµٶתƵװϣԭеľɻ𾪣ͫ˲һҲŲƿȥ
߰ɣСߡװӱ߱ߵİ˵ʦͨԽԽˣȻ˷ŵ
Ӵ΢û˵ȴǡ͡ЦһװԱȺȥ
𡢱ߣߣ۾ԭһ䣬Ȼ͵زȺ뿪ķȥ
ܵüһȴһģֱײԱߵءæŅ̀ͷʱﻹ˵Ӱ
ãȻؿǰǰȥ
⣬⣬ȥģ΢һ㶣ͻȻȺײײشɵú
ûӦſȺոհڵĵطûӰæԱ߲ͣɨӣʶ֮ȻֳһһҵӰٶӰ׷
ĶңȺֻڲͣزȴиڲ̳ͣźã
ոˡһǰ֮ʱġǡ꣬һ˵Ҳʮֶ죬ֻȮ޵֡
ǰò䣬ÿ췴߰˷ֵƣովǿ˵òվԭȷҲƿĿ⡣
ǡǡݳաԼԤ߳£ΪֳȻĴɱȫӦ˵ĻôһܹԤδ˾Ȼֳ磬ԲżȻ
ǵ˭Ӧôҵǣ
һ·׷Ѱһһ鲻ϵֱԽԽ٣Ϧϼһأͣ½Ų
û׷ˣӺյ˼һʧӰ١
Ƹϴŵ
ȻֻյһƬǽ壬ҵķֽ紵Ķɨع˸ɨǹ
ˣҲѾйԱߴٵ
ˮȥеˮ⣬һȥ
ںǸˣ뿴Ƿ񰲺ãǷ»عԭǷѾִ
Ȼ޷
˼վ̳
Ѿ΢ڵȴǰȥʵ⣬ôˣոշʲô飿
ûʲôճȴԼЩʣĬһ󣬷ԼƽȵصǸһʶˣЩʧءǸõˡ
΢ûʧ̬üһ߾죬ոճӰ죬ȴһ˲ʧԼҰԼûзӦʱԾЩˣæɿһЦҲûеȺܾãʱѾˣոպͨ绰ҪȽͻؼˡ
Ϊ참飬΢ͳ໥ϵʽġ΢绰ҲѾ֪Լŵ飬ѯİȫ
šؼҡ֣صͷ
áص


176 Ը
гĶ, ΢ʱͷͻ˳ڵС
Сſڱ³ǰл΢һ, ΢˵û, Ǹо˳Լǰķߡ
뵽⾭˰ܰҲ飬΢˲гͻȻʧأȻ֪ԭ򣬵ǿȴûƽʱ䵭ԭҲǸʮиˣԿֺɫغͳ˵һЩĻźͳ
΢˵һЩĻ΢΢һ㶣ô΢ͣȴ΢˵ͳԼһЦ, ˵һټ뿪ˡ
ӲһʧԼҰ
ֻջĿ, ıȥ
ıͣһɫĳ, ⳵ƽʱǳʻģʱӦǳˡ
ѾûмԼã̧ۿ۱ů, ԭŵ¶Ц, ʰϣƿڵķš
Happy BrithdayŴ򿪣⸦һ, ͷʲôըһȴвʴֽƬƮ£ڵƹ۵Ĺâɫԡ
ǰһڣЦؿԼ
С񣿡Ŀ¶һ˿졣
磬㲻ǽհɣ񿴼ɫȻʧЦ
Ե⼸õֳݣֳȻԼǺϣǰһֱæµûйעӣʱ鵹Լٰ磬Լлֻ죬صΪԼڸһ
ǸСĸǺ˱ģƫƫͶԼǳġ
ͻȻûѣҲȷʵ˽Լˡ
ҲʲôաЦŻصСѵΪ˸
Ǹѹĵһգ϶ֵףһ֪϶Լգһùĸ첲˴ſĳϵĲɫмЦŵ磬տ֣
ųӣ⻺չա
ķ״ӳƳѾ׼õյ⡣
ǰͳһʱ򣬳ÿҲִŵҪԼգرעʽСֻǽյǰ˲֪üȦ⿴ȻС⵰ô󣬾ǼҲԲɣ
ҲܣҸɡЦ˼ȡ򣬰ȼˣקק·磬Ը
ĵƹⰵǰֻڲͣԾ
վڵǰĻ磬۽ƳڴĿ⣬ǻǱ۾ԸǾϣСܹҸ֡
䣬ȴ˶ţߵĸ첲磬ÿ궼Ըܻܲһ
ʲôǰԸʱҲûôԣ㵵
磡ѵԼûҪЩʲô𣿡ʵѾˣԼԸ
Լġº;¶ãȻ
ڰп˵ķӦһʱû죬ָϽߴٵ磬磬ԥͲˣԸɣ
û뵽ô˻úСһεЦЦĿ⴦һǾףԸϲҲܹܹһаðɡ
һ㶣գ۾Լߵĸ硣
黹ǺһѾ۾ëһƬ͵Ӱһ
ݵĺڰ´򿪵ƹ⣬Сһ鵰⣬ݸ
ӹų˼۾ٶգգ磬ϲ𣿡
ոǾ仰Ҳ֪ǲǴóøָĸô꣬ܽӴʮޣѵѵϲݾ٣
Ŀתضų⣬ȴ΢΢ͣһ£ЦãһҪ㡣ҲڵӣûԼˣ
ȿȿȡʱǺһڣ˺üͣ£Ϻ磬ʲô˲ˣͻҿЦ
⿴ųͨ΢΢һЦ
ñķ˷ˡѵûһˣǸص׼գ˲˸ʽķʢֲͣɫӦоУĿЩʳĳв֣ȥʮ־
ѾϰųԸⰾвˡ
ԳԺΪչ¼ҵ飬˺ʱһòͣ⿴ųʢ̲ס˼ڡ
ˣ硣ҲڳҨʱ򣬳˵ȥҹˣ𣿡
ţѾõòˡ˿£ЦʵСǸ𣿡
СǸⰲȫıڣΪ΢Ĺϵûиȥ˲гȴҲ֪ȥְ顣
ǡȴҡҡͷһ˾ϰ˵ģʶ绰˵յļҪô졣
Ͷļֻһҹ˾ˡЦһֻдʹһ£׵΢΢˶٣ָЦݣ
磬ǼҺǰһˡӦҾøԺʵûбҪȥЩ˵ɫͱȥҹˡ
Ĭ£׷ŻصСֻЩ
ΣգѫҰ㣬еһλܻеڶΡΡҲٳ顣
СЩӦùص
ЩϴŹƵߣôӦϴǸ˾ˣݾ˵Щ˶׼˺ƱģüȻԼЩ࣬ǷҾչ֮ǰ㻹ڼȽϰȫ
⿴ĬȻ
磬Ҳʧȥ㡣ҪȥһСһֱ㡣
˵ţ⡣ȴⶢ濴һǣһ£ͷЦãҲûҵʵĹ
񰵰˿磬ԺҪ빤ҵĹ˾ϰ࣬ҿ϶㷢ߵĹʡ
šֵ˵ͷ
ڷĵЦּһӵĲˡ
̧ۣڴӣǳ˼ڣҨ˿ȴֻ߶ʳ֪ζֻǺҵ˶ӣһֱ͡
ҹͬһƬ£˽ģҲ淳ġ
ʱĳ¼լڵƻͨѫһŹȣѾʮ굽ͣʱȴüͷͣⲽ
һլűÿһӶߵլǰõүʦˡ
ʦ֣ѫĿ¶һ˿ɵɫ
ӶæӦǣͷʱȴһµۣͻȻǰſڡ˿ȥʮͣʮָߴ󣬵ϰڰףȥԼЩ죬ʱѾү룬Ѿˡ


177 
ò,ѫǵɫ˻æ˲λ˲ˮ
ͨ,ʦͨΪǼʦʦǵĽ׶ΣϿͨ¿Ȫظ伫Ϊܹ붯ǰ˳ѫҲ˶෽ϵϵǰʦеɡ
䷨,óͽ,ʦͨȵ,ѾСͨǴɵεңλǷͬ졣
ʦ,ҪȾǳ¼Ұѫʦ,ڵ
ֱӽ⣬ʦ,Ļ˵ǳ¼ҵ顣¼ҽ£ΣһӣҪ˵¼û,Ӧȫֽ񡯵Ůӡ
ѫ,ɫ˲,üʦ,⵽ô£
ɷѵһɱ֡ӵ֮ˣΧ,ɷ֣Ȼ޷ûʦŮǳ¼ңƱسΪǣڵľ棬Ҳ֮С
ˣѫŹǿɷǣֻǲΪ⡣¼ڶ̶̼֮һһ£ɫʱʦа취ҳ¼Ťת˾֣
ŤתŤתײ죬ʦҡͷ¼˥ѳɣѾ졣Ѱңһ棬ôֲܸˡ
ѫõɴ۾һҧѵҳ¼ҵҪƽ׶ڳУҵĶӣˤɲзϣڻ뽫ҳ¼ҼҲȫߣ˴ܲ
ʦЦ⣬ֻɣɲһ㣬ҲӦóԹһο˰ɣ
ѫǰó¼ҵܰܳ⣬Դвȴû뵽¾ȻŪɳ׾ǵûóչó¼⵽˾Ļɣòչòſȸء
ҶѾǿˣó񸶳ۣʵĿѫһĿͻȻͨʦջӦǰܲȰҷ³޵İɣ
ǿѰ𡣡ʦϧֻϧʦͨĽֹʦͨն֣ҵҲ޿κΡ
ѫ۾˻֣ԱߵӶˡ
ͨĥеı
˵һЩʦҲͨʦͨӵĵӣֻ֪֪֪֪Աûˣѫ¿ͨһۣĽʦܹΪҳ¼ұҿΪʦļ۸񡣡
ʦϸЦݵү㣳ףʦһеģҲױҵɡ
ʦΪұôҿó¼ҵһƲʦѫⳡϳʱ᲻֪ʦ̣ҵʦӰ죬Ǳͷӳе
үʦĿ΢ŴЦ
ѫûٻؾ֪ԷѾĬ³ɽЦ¶ݵҷҲ˼ˣҪ¼ҰҵҶҪ
ү԰꣬ԻᾡʦЦЦбٶĥ죬ڳ¼լƵ
*
չ󣬳»ص죬ټķû±ð
Ӧ񲻳ȥҹֻÿռڷСóǮ϶һЩ鼮ѧϰʱ䣬ʣµǮе˻ÿհԼ鷿ֱ㷽¥ʳ
бķڴɨʱƽ鷿ȴʱŮ˵ĸһϣĿȴϵ飬ǳŴ棬죬һά˺óһʱ䡣
ķһʼΪǴʲôǳ˲ڵʱ˳ųĿȥȴ¥鷿ҰȥһƬãã˵ʲôûУ
ƬƾȻҲܿô棬ķ˽°ۣȵŽһΡ
㶣ܿ뵽Դϴθպ󣬳ҲȷʵԼĻܾûгˡ
ǰĸĴæµؼҲԼߣǺٻġ
ţЩΣصسʱȥ鷿Լĸ磬ɵŵʱȴ鷿ϣһ˾˯ˡ
ѾǰԴ˺üȦʱȻñķǾ׼˺õʳģȴҲֻóһѡʱ鷿Ĵз紵ͷ·Ǽȥϼĳȴյҡ˼£ȥʮֵ
̾˿ĵ߽鷿ϴԱߡ
Ӧˣ˯֮ʱֱ»Ѻһ̯飬ǺǰһչԼ˯Ҳ˯ƽ
Ŀ⽥ͣСؽµϷһߣȴ鱾ҳͰ͵ģǱˮʪӣӡֵīҲѾȾ
һ㶣ַҳϱȾĺۼĿ̲סϿȥ
ʱڱ¶Ĳţı䴦ϸ΢۽ȴͷסʲôۼ
˰ᣬûнѳ⣬ֻؽ
һڼôãǻģǰĸ磬ҲӦôȥתתźá
չ¼ҵİѾҪʼﻮٹųȥ棬
ݾ٣񿴵ͻȻŵ΢¶һ˿ȡ
΢û뵽ڼң¶ЦݣڼٹǸͬѧҪٰһͬѧᣬȥͬѧ
ͬѧ᣿΢ţһһñķȥ֪ͨ⣬е΢΢
ĸԺٺ˽˼Ҫȥʲôط棬ͬѧᵹúʡ
ͬѧӦû֡ǳһȥμľۻᣬп϶ǷĲ£΢ԷǸ簸ӵŮ٣ֺܿܺԼĸеϵ⽻΢ȷʵĲ١
뵽ϴԼĸյʱԸ̲ס࿴΢ۡ
ǣʵҲüûһˣҿѵã硣΢ԼĿһ˿죬ƣǼȻеʱѧұϾദ꣬ͦģ˵ϵϣϣһ𡣡
ĬȻ𵱳ѧΪԼ˳󲡣߰ҽҩֻؽѧѵ渶˳ȥתֱҪծĴţֻ÷ѧҵʼĴæµ
ˣڼѵʱĸΪ£ÿ컹Լߣˣ绹Ϊﹻ˺ѧǮ
ܹһҲá뵽ᶯЦЦҸڼӦҲܷƣֻϧһֱûʱҡݾ٣ҸϵʱҸҪ鷳չˡ
ݾ΢΢һ㶣Ȼ˳˼Ŀ⽥𣬵˵ͷģҿ϶翪ĵشȥƽƽش


178 
΢ı֤,ӷģЦźŮ˼䣬ֱ¥ЦŸóλ,ͬѧתһ顣
û뵽΢Ȼμǰͬѧ,ʶܾ,ȴԱߺ΢ĵ,ٲȻѾӦӡ
磬ô,ܶ˶ôϵˡѾ,̹ĵ΢,ӴӴǰͬѧ
ǰҲõ,,϶ġ΢ŵ
ԭܵĻں,Ͷڴ,ͣһ£ǴӦ
΢ͷ,ﲻɵðģͳԼʱ,ڶǰСӳ⡣
ͣڱſûã㿪߳յĴŻǰɫг,Ӹ,òÿ,Ϊ˯Եʿȥᣬȫûʮ˵ģͨİ׳Ҳĳ,ŲƲ۾
ΪݾԣߵıûиһϵðȫţʾԼѾ
һֻ˼£Ϣظÿġ
⿴һۣû˵
΢оԼѾеϰߺͳһദģʽԱ̫ˣһ춼Ὺ˵仰ƺ«Ըԭϲģ΢ȴ֪ԽԽݽУֻҪߣ¶Է˵ҲĪİĵԽߵİúʣ
ʼ棬ǰ׾ʲôŻһ˱
Լ˰СʱӻͬѧĿĵءͬѧľٰصGеĹïƵ꣬΢մų³㿴ͬѧӭӡӭӵͬѧǰİ೤ʱ΢ӭԼкĿڳϡ
λǳɣ೤¿˳Ĵһۣ͵ĳļЦʮûû뵽ǰһһ㶼ûôûУ
ⱻ೤ĵһһ㵣Ц೤˵Цˣڻһˡ
˵ѹ΢һ೤Ȼ򣬿΢ֿǰƽ壬ôһˣ
೤ɱ˵΢͸˵죬
˵ôȥˣҲô˻úһ㡣೤Цǰ·ߵйǮⲻɲŮò
˵üȻ䵽΢ȴĪء⡱һ¡ﲻԣʶתͷȥ⡣
ɫǺǰһƽȥûʲôӦ
˺ܿӴ߽ᡣһͬѧ˲ˣ΢̹ӭ˼䣬Ե÷ǳ顣
ǰѧʱֻϿβų֣һѧͲӰǰڰĴڸвǺܸߣʮҼͬѧžۣǰܻӭܶ࣬΢԰ų˸λ¡
һʮˣͬѧ½½󣬰೤һ֪ͨƵϲˣһ߸Աߵͬѧƣãȵ˳λҪԷľƱȴһ˫ָסڣߴǸȥӵ
ҲȾơؾ
ôأǳ˵೤æٺЦ˼ѵֶۣͬѧôҲúȼа
ǡǡҲã㲻ȣǿЩͬѧˡԱӦ͵
ͬѧķԣ΢һ㶡ԱѾٶȴǸҽˡ
Ļھϯ೤Զʱ⣬ǲˡ˵ľƲ
˵ţҡҡеľƿ⺰Աǿƿƣ
ü
΢û뵽״ɫѿæ೤ҿͲҪóȾ˰ɣպã²ܺȾơ
˵ʲôأ೤˲ȾƿɻУ΢֪ͳн飬ҸԵ
΢ɫҲѿΪ೤֮ǰȾƳ£治ܺȡ
Ŀڰ೤ϣûзִʱߵĳⱳͻȻӲ
ʲô£ⲻ˺úõԱߵİ೤ȴм˵ӷԱùƣų⡣
⿴žƱƿסƿڵ֡
⣿΢ͷĶһ㶡
Ŷ⣬ǼͬѧۻᣬҪƵ衢Ρ飡೤״ֿЦݵ
⻺ع˹ǣȴû˵ʲôֻǰעźɫľƻƱѪһĹ
΢벻ͨΪδӦˣﰵżȴѾվųһƵⰡһȾ㣬ǰϲǼչϼųɹͬѧ꣬Ƕû뵽εĸôãⱭҲҪһڸɰɣ
΢ɫǿ㿪ʲôЦⱭǺơ
΢ôѲ೤˵һںͳ⽻ǽзǿͬѧ˵
΢˲佩ס
ͳ˰ϵĽ˽µĽӴҲָֻļΣԳкøУҲֻڳʶĽ׶ζѣ̸ʲô
ǵĵؿų⣬óٺһһ㡣룬ƴǣԼľƱѾ
һ㶣˳žƱϿȥֻǴŰ׳Ѿüͷһڹ£ȵƱ·Żϵʱֻвһա
ãˬ죡ƵķǿҲһ˱еİ׾ơ
⣬ҲһǷˣҪЯЯͬѧһѰôһͷͬѧ۾׷ʼʱʱؼ⾴ơ
⣬ͷиĿ֪û᲻Ȥ೤ҲžƱ
Ʊ߲ܣڼ仹յͬѧƬ˵ϣܹæߣܹܳ໥ʶ
ֻ΢΢ЦЦƬһ
ľԽԽ࣬ȴԽԽĬȵѾſϣѾǳˡ
΢ֻųһɢɢģȴû뵽һͬѧᾹȻ⸱ӣֻΡϯ;ԴųȥϢΪɣĵ뿪
ݣͳؼң˭֪շų߳Ƶ꣬ȴоĵĽŲͻȻͣ
⣿΢ͷߵӡ
Ƶҹ紵΢ĺ⡣
С㣬͵ɡĻߴ
΢һ㶣˵Ļ˼
⿿žƵſڵӣĴ΢гԼ֡
Ѿϲˡٶ΢
G΢оԼ˲ֹͣ΢΢һϡ
ԼһߣʱͷСˡһ仰ִ˹

΢ſڣȴԼһʱ֮ȫû취Ӧ˵˼ھܾȻѾϲˡ
Դ˲ҳһŽ˵Լûףڻû˼ʳϲ˭ɵӦʱԼĶѾյʲô˶ûˡ
΢һæܿȥȴƵ޺ƹ˸ƺ̱˴˽ȥҲûӰ
⾹ȻԼһ뿪ˡ
΢㶵ؿ⣬źȻĶ˲


179 иɩ
΢ææ˳ŹóƵͨһȦ, ûѰó䣬ָϽõ绰˶Էֻ룬õľȻֻѾػʾ
Ѿ, һҪȥ
γûд, û, һ»Σգ΢һʱͷƤ, ãȻ޴롣
Ҳʱ, ֻȻཱུ
΢һ, Щֻ̧, ȴĻʾĲǳ, óʾ
ֻ绰, ͨ
¼չ˳, ѵЩؼңܹڼҺ͸ദһ, ȵҺ⻹û, Ŵ绰ͬѧĽչ
ող˵绰, յͨŹ˾ûѹػĻеʾ
ֻڼҵһᣬ뵽ʼеǷ׵, ϵݾѯʡ˭֪һͨ绰΢żǸ, ֪Լĸ΢ɢˡ
GܴȥѾ췭ظı仯Ѿǰʶĳ, οͳ⻹г¼ڰţ֮ǰİܰ͵΢ѯ˳ʧķ, æϹıڽ飬ֳ·ǰȥѰҡ
ҹóƵλҵģϾŵǵ·ʱÿһ̵𣬶кѹѹͷܶ糱ˮһһһһͣЪֱҹ˷ŻƽϢ
·һһȴʼûзֳټɵðżڼִһﱣķĵ绰ȴʼûгؼҵϢ
ɫԽԽ԰ףԱߵ΢ѡ뵽ԼŪ΢ų֧ӣһ߽µСõļء
СôҹرԼ鳤ӱﺰӰ࣬ɵ켸˯·ϲͣɨš
鳤㲻óٵôҲˡСö΢ʾϡ棬߶߶ôƣôƤߵģѲеĿǣ
ǰܰܺˣ飡΢ߵĳֻ޲÷סСõ죬ֽôСõͷ
Сͷܿ΢ʱڵóƵ긽ľͷ
⾵ͷǳ΢ֱ棬Сøݳʧķص˸ļƵΪܹڼƵڲ鵽ж켣ǣЩƵǰСʱػؿ˺üҲûпǸ׳ˡ
⡭Сʱ䣬һЩ棬ͷ鳤һļƵûä㣬˵ǲǾƺȶĽˣ
ܣһƬҶҹһ飬Ҹ粻
һ˵Ĳ΢ǳĿʾ¶ź͵ǣ૵ҸϴҲͻȻµġ
΢Сһ㶣ʶеĳָ˯֮ǰ顣
ǺͳйӴ֪һβʷ˵ǰ֮ǰӦƾ֣֪ľͳʧȥ֪Դ˳˯
΢Ȼ뵽ճͬѧƾϵܵɵ㶡
ҪȻΧɡСҲ֪ôοԱߵĳ
һһȷʵΧʲô·֣΢ͷСãѽЩ۵ĽļҲһ£ûʲôɵ˺ͳ
΢ȻС֪¿Ҫʧٰصͷļػ档
лŶƵ˵һһ
ȻһӰСõ֡
⡢ⲻǳ𣿡Сıһӱ̣𾪵ָĻһƵ𾪵
ֳãһ΢ĿСָķֻһƵ·£ܵĵ·ڰˣһŰɫش·߹ӰȥЩϸķ¶ǴӹóƵʧĳ⡣
΢һʵ
һǳǱߵĲǨذΪмӻû̸£Իʣûû취Ͷ꣬һֱķСһ˵һ߷ŴӰ˹ˣôܵ
һû۾
⡢ҺҸǰסĵطһ
Сһ㶣ͷȥ
ĿƵĳ⣬ȻеİҴææ뿪ҡ
һ£񣡡΢סȷϳλãȴǸŮѾ¥ɿʧԼ
¥´
ҹһµգڰ磬ȱ͸Ź⣬տÿһء
Ҳ֪ΪʲôͻȻǰļҵĸһ·˼ӣһ뵽ǰⱳԼѧѧ·ϣһ뵽ڼһһεΪԼߣһ˲ãȻ
ǰĸæٿ࣬Ҳң飬İֳʧȥԼĸ磬ɵѣʧһůʱһȴһˡ
֮Ǻǰһùϵǰڸ米СҪԼĸ磬ȴΪ˸Ҫ飬Ҳʧȥ˸ʱ䡭
ԣĸ᲻ڹ
ȵͣȣ̴򿪳ţƬǨĵؿ鿴ȥ
סķѾƷûйʵһƬߣǷĲѾеҰݷ賤˵䣬ɫҡȥʮֻ
ԶһķţΪԱߵķӶѾǨԵʣӵиֽ¶ƬƬǽ䣬𲻿
ܣ㿴ıںȻָһ˵
˳ſȥֻڵϹУԶķһ˾ŷš
磡һ㶣æһ
ںڰ֮С
񲻹˷ϵӲݣķȥһ·ʯȵ˷Ӹ̧ȥ㿴ڷӵԵҲ֪ڿʲô
һ޵ľƾζ
ᵽɤۣ΢˵ͬѧʱ˺ܶƣ÷ϺܾãʶѾǺʱˣҲֱӿھţæƵ棬¥
һ¥һȰοԼĸ磬ԺĺһʵΪ˱
Ϸ
ȻҲ¥ݵߵ̨ʱȻԼĸ̨ԵԼֲ̧۾λá
סԼĽŲ
ַ̧£һ̧ϵزͬһλãҲԽԽƵ
ڷ¥뵣ֱһ紵񷽲Լ
飬ǲԶˡ
һĶ
ƭ㣬˵Ҫһֹ㡣ĸͷԶ£ȴֲϵĺۼ
е͵͵
һ˵ʲôļȻҲʼҵȲһˣһʵʵֿ
¹£ˮⷺɫļղ࣬һһһε׹¡
ſڣȴԼ˵ʲôֻǾؿŸ絥Ӱ
ٶ
飬ĺ㡣
лҪ˵ΪʲôɩӵˣѵҲŮӣ


180 
ҹӰȱ, ˶ˣĿԶͫ൹ӳ¡
, ƻϢ
ϢѾھдۻȻ, ˷׷Ϣ٣벻ϻʹеλȻҲʧ˵СֳĹϵܣһȨ, ǰΪֳ⳯سʱѾв˲², ֳ, ʧ, һϵе鷢ͻȻ, ȴ˸ȷ˹ϵĲ²ⲻǿѨ硣
û֪ʵȥ, ͬʱʧĻоʬס
г, ȹ, żò֪ҪǺãֻһһȥ, һٸ, ΨйյȻʵߵά, ѹ³гӵĻ̿, 볹׵Ļҡ
սҲ뿪ǣÿ뿪ǰᰲźúˣΨһλʵʧͻأ, ֻڿֳʬıӰʧȥ, Ҳûϵ϶Է
ͺŲֻð͢ξͳɽׯ˳ȥѰңȴȻûϵϢǰǿѹļϳֿʼвֳͷ, æýͷҶ
˶Ҫʼصĸޣյ˿ʼ֮ʣһֳֳԾǹŴ·˴֮ϣ״ϻ£Ŀɨڳ
һԣȴӲֱӴ˲ٳӴͷǼԭϳٶηȴ
ֳĵʮ죬ԭʧĽ³˵С
ԱߵλѾֶαǰǿӲе鶼׹ʩĿֻһͨ¾װȴԽ̧ͷ֮ƣֻἰʮյɣֱӴʱ仳ĵĳӣֶθǴǰĽְٱȷ鳭ţڳоɣһ֨
ϴνֳŭһóسʼڳоֻҪڣ̨λƢԾͻ쳣ݾûֳǰͳ£»᳹ױһֲĴڡ
ûἰֳҲû˸ἰֳȥֳʬһֱûѰһȥΪٰɥ龹Ȼһϣһ¶ûһ㶯ˮ
һ£ѹͳĵȴϢǰľ꽫һĵĶӳնԵݱһʱ䣬µλͳһ
ܴǰΪ̰ǡΪңһλ̰ǹȻѪϴǰεãһû¡
Ĺͳһεĵȥ˫ͽԼٶȽ뱸ս״̬ȴû˺Լ˼յֳǩԼ˲ٶһĺҲӱ߹һ·͵˾ǡ
ӳΣòӣʱɫİɫŹ⡣
ӰԶɫãŵۿǰڷŵĺӣַۣش򿪺иǡ
һڵںӵĺɫ޲֮䡣ϱ˲õʮָɾûκѪĺۼ
ǳһֱõűƽ֮ʱǸΪ˾սѰãͷ˻
һͻصģһľذףǵ͸ʱطߵԱߡ
鿴ľʵĵַ̧ľذ׵ĵ档
ɫƽĿȴˮһ㲻ͣǰѾˮɢ
ǽȻһ磬ľذ
ȴͻȻͣʹüۺȻֱ۽̧𣬻鷿ϡ
һͨ˿öĵϰƬ̣ڻ˳ܲĿ⣬ԥԥش֦̽Ӱ
عӡǣϡ̽Դ˿鷿ǰվŵˣڻĥĥش£һػǰѽ̧һʱ׼ļƣϣ
˵һϳΪǰʥԵʣԲûдճߣ¶һ޺ǽ¼ʮһĵǺ
ʱԷĿԼϣлǴ˸ġ
û˵
ҡҡβʹȱ񣡡ڽԿΣʱ˵ҲɵôСģԥʵǡʵǡֺүǰ飬һġ
ĿںеһѾϡ
ʵ۲ڣѹ˼֣˶ӣûֱʣջǹǰﱧŵһѾڽǰֺү֮ǰܲ޸ЩȻҾͻϼһˣŶ޸ûү
جģֳѾˡ
˵ͣһ£ȴԼ˵ȥˡĬ˻ᣬæתԹЩǻϵĶүʱҲӦԭԾ͸ùˡ
в٣һЩĲƷһЩҲ޹Լͳദ֮ʱͻȻʱ뿪ʹЩȫߡ鿴žĬȻһ󣬸һȴɽˮ羰ɸɾģǰҪո¡
ۣĬĬַһ
Щɽˮ޸ףϸֲ˺ۼǼû˿Ž죬ڹһ˺ܾҲûҸػʵģ㡢Ͼǻʵۡ
鿴ŵǵݹĻ΢΢һ㶣ֻһƬѪûбκͲáֽӹ򿪣ȴƵһФӢüĿᣬֽŻչա
ϣȴдŵѪο
£ץס֡
ǻʵۣҲϲˡǵ͵˵Һ;뿪ˣҲҪˣϸ룬⻭ҲʺǴߣǡǻȽϺá
ʱӧؾһְԸǰعؿڡ
ຮԶǷ֣ΪǣʱѾȥھǿҲͽ˸С
Ըϣܹ顣ԸɳԸڵĻʵػñ߽
Ǹ˵ʱĿᶨûдһ˿ԥźֳһĵ·
ǳţǳΪֵεˣ׼Ӧʣʣµıּگˡ
˵ԼҪ˵Ļĵװ˿֪Ըദʱԭ롣
ˡ
۽飬ֻԷĬŻˣüͷҲ𣬺뵽ģһԣתͷԾ֦ɫʧӰ
֦ϴɳɳһ綯ֹͣˡ
ʣµֻŸͣ񷢳ų鷿Ĵϣҹ¼ŵ
һֽ̧ۣؾ𣬽ᱧ鷿
鷿ںζ
Сĵؽźãһȥ
ߣŸŴߵĳʳ
ֽϵŸצϡ
һֻŸÿһ£ᷢ졣
⡣鿴еŸ
û˻ش
ɿ֡
Ÿɣܿų򣬼ǰȥʧĺڰС
лҪ˵ǣŻ磡


181 
顣ŵľƾϢ, ͵͵š
ϳϣ̧ۿãҲ֪˶, ǽȥ
¹£һ˻ԱߵĶϲǽ, ֻмźš
һа
ŸıӰ, ¥ݵڻ߳ߵߡ
⼸òԽԽ, ϸ£ĽëţģѾ˯ţü΢, ˯òȡ
̾һ, ǰ鷢
硣͵ͻ
, ̧ۣȴһƬɵˮ
գ˼£ãؿԶĳУʶһ£ȴʲôҲû˵
һҹججҲǾǵ, ĿȻѩ׵컨塣ⰴ˰ͷ­ֻͷѡ
ͬѧȶ, 뿪óƵǰдżѣܾ΢ĺ⣬ƺʮ㣬ֱƿ, ں΢ֺӿֻϡǵȥվסĵطصķߣһ˴ڷܾã㽥ʧȥ֪
ڳԼŵı䣬֮ܿ󱻳֣Żص˼
𴲵ʱѾ磬ǲڡǴֻʱжһϢͣ
ڵֻֻȼ˵ĵ绰עϢʼǳѯʣһżʾгġҲ΢ġ
Ϣϣ΢༭һϰٸֵϢ͹ݴǶͬѧᷢʾǸ⡣
⿴˶ţظһû£һ[ԼԸȵ]
ţֿűãһᡣ
¼ҵչѾĽ׶Σгɰܶڴһ٣ʱ̶ס¼ҵľٶݲκγʧİ񣬵һֱֲˣʱðȻַ˻ɣҲΡ
Ĭϴȡţ̣߽鷿
ֹȥһʱ䣬һ˴ţؼҳԷʱ䵹ǽˡûǰһǸԼвˣȴͷʱ ʱʱضԼ
ȻûҪһֱʶߣܿܵ˳Ķ
Сǲ£һգ̧ͷʵ
ֻǰдų⣬û뵽ῴһ㶣ҡҡͷЦ㿪ʲôЦĻء
û뵽ôش𣬳һ㵣ȴϲŵĲƾѾųͨ壬˵Ļ𣺡գҵϦչɷ޹˾ʽչһҵšϤҵŹɶѺϦն³ǩתЭ顣ϦΪ˲ҵչӰԶרԤƣҵýṹᷢش
Ļ治ͣת¶Ŀ⣺Сչɹˣ
ǰϵĹɷҲѾҵϣԺʱˣһͷЦ
Ŀ⻹ͣڵӻĻ棬װڵܼߵĲɷãͷͷ죬ȴ͸¶Ÿţҫ۵ƲĿ⡣Сԭӣɱˡ
ôܺ͸ȣԶġ̷
ҡͷȡЦҪý֪ϦյĶ³ôɵķԣɶҪ°ˡ
ҲܣҸҸ磬һ޶ģֱ׳鹾һת³Ľš
ֻصǰദʽЦ̧ͷ񣺡ҵĴܲãôˣ
νеġһЦðɣڴܲ㣬ʲôʱҸɩӰ
һ㶡
񿴵㵵ı飬ЦǰʱԸʱϣԼϲܹƽƽԣʲôʱɩӣ
ɫһϲˣǸԸģȴ
ֻ˵ѾϲѡˣСЬߵøˣ磬ɩӿһҪҿ
ųһڴ¶һ˿Σʲôɩӣһû¡
Ͳ𣿡ԹһˣҲܷŲš
û뵽⻰һͳԼˡǰΪ˹ͳû̸Ⱥ˳ǵ£Ѿ˽飬ѾҲݲˣ϶޷ҵһɩӡԻһЦģڸ绹չ˺Լ㡭Сϴ˵˵ʱڵģ⼸ǲʲôСŸ磿
ʲôСܣԭֻӳʡ顱䣬⻰ȻֱתƵԼϣ϶ʱȾһɫ
𣿡׷ʵҪˣУǵһλơ
ȡЦңĴȤͨŲӵͷʵʵһڽֻոҲû㡣
΢΢Ĵǣų
ͨƻŵǸѧڣʶˣһֱͦõġ
ʱ˵̲̣ȴǳѵʱ̣뵽Լ뿪꣬΢΢һ㶣Цչ꣬ӦǸˡ
㲻һ𣿡ĻȴǾһ
ΪʲôҪԣȵѵ㲻ϲ
ô᣿˺ܺá̶һ£ȴָֻܿЦݣ̲סЦźͳ˵֮顣
˵λԼһĴѧڵʱ˶ȣƽʱװӸۣ˵糺죬ͬͨŮһļ¶
ĬĬֻԼڵƹµЦݣвɵһůϻ¶Ц
¼չİӸһ䣬ȥʱȻصڳµʱ䣬׼ԼĸΡ
ⲡ˺ܾãѾ츲صı仯һʱԼĸӴ磬ҲԽ⡣ȵȼٻ㰴֮ǰ뷨ٸⰲһݹ׻ع졣
ųİţûʲôֻǵͷӦǡ
㣬ǰϦ뵽Ѿ֪Լߵ˵Ĵڣ㽫ĴѧڴؼһˣҲʽʶ
ԾЩԺͱķˣΪδ÷׼͡
ķѾϰ߳Ĵڣûǰֻǿ˵ĸ³ԭڴĴһںĲԺ󣬻ͷ߼ʱֹؽ
ҲΣŲƷһֻɳϵųؼҡ
ʱӵδδߣһ͹ȥһСʱܿ쵽ߵ㡣
Ѿãûд˻
۴⣬ҹɫѾŨˡ
гɣֻĵ绰ȴֻһä
ֻ˻ᣬҪ²һ飬ȴԼֻͻȻһİʾ
Gеģɧŵ绰
⿴һۣ½ܿͲﴫһŮӵ
ιǳļ𣿡绰ͷʵ
ǡһ㶣ش
ġŮڵ绰˵GеһҽԺŮʿһλݳʱ˳ŮʿǺȶܵҽԺһ𣿡


182 иʦ
˵ʲôóˣ˲Ŀհ, ʵô
ŮʿˣʱûΣաҽԺ֪ͨ˻ص, һµȣŮʿʧأҪչˡ
, Ϲ
֪ͨԣܿ˳ڳڵĵص㡣
ҵ绰̴ҴҸϳšȵĿĵ, ܿ쿴һҽԺȵλϣһִֻű, һָֻڣָ£뷢䡣
ҹ, ҽԺҵûбˣֻĳϴŵһȹ, ʱѾմ˰߰ߵѪ۾ףĿãȻؿŵ档
С񡣡æ߽һ
, һ촽˶, ̧ͷ⿴
Сû°ɣóĬģ, ￩һæԱ߶£ڳԱߡ
ҡû¡ýˣеѪ˿, һ䣬ڶȴҪ޳һ
ǳڽˣҲǽصذҪԼģʶɢȥܿڼҵ̨ϲһӣǰ˾ʱ򿴵һ޶
ӵϱȳأʱлϢѾԣԱ߻ҽڽȡ
ĬĬųıοҽԺȣһûµġ
񲻶ҡͷ˻磬㲻Һҡ
һ˵ִͷֺݺݵץקסԼͷѾˮһһڵϡ
ü֪ôӻ
λߵļԱѾлʿϹλˣ΢𵴣ʱӦȥϢɣúȰȰ
æӦһͷʱǱģǽڵ
ûпԼû̶ڳ˵ѾԼҪҪöܶࡣ
ĬһᣬǾһߣԼһһ˳ųıš
ʱϢţڵڳǰקסزɿ
һҵĺϨжԽӳӼƳ
̣죬һʱӳĻ뿪վĵܹȥȴֺܿ챻Աߵҽ¡
ҽôæϣסʵ
ҽǰõ֪ͨ˼̵Ļ߳ҪΪظˣȻѾȣ߻ûΣա
ҽĻվȣ󱳴ȴסıģûֱˤ
Ĵµů͸ķ
ͷһվԼĳ⣬΢ƽûˣֻһʦHУϵ
ҽһ㶣̾˿
ҽʲô˵ҲСҺҪˣҽҩѲģһҪȻ
ȸ߰ŲҪʮСʱչˣܰʱ䣬Ӧþûʲô⡣ǰĵƵ֣GŮҵңҽ״ֻܻصŮʿҿɫҲãҪúϢ
¶ǿ뿪ǰĲˡ
ĸ磬ɡǳ˵
ҽ۳⣬ֻ˵˿ȥúȥȳҪܶ࣬״̬˵ͷ˳⼸䡣
һһ£ųȽƷãԺȵ鶼æ꣬㿴֢໤ڣһ˽̵֣ĿһҲɿ
ʱѾ賿һ㣬ҽԺҲǰ
סŲվڷؿãŴ򿪷˽ȥ
عͷԼĸ߽ƿĿ⣬ü
˯ɣչˣġ⿴ͷɢңϵױҲѾȾѹҲ뿴
˶ȴû˵ʲôӦһ
⿴ų뿪ֿ򲡴ŵˡ
òȵЩаƦҺӣʱΪʧѪԵʣɫ׵۾Բѡ
ԭܹܱ˴ʶû뵽һʽĳ棬ĬȻڻǻסļأ͵ת
ȻϳϵȴĽҪϺܹܶ࣬κýˣȻҲָܹ̻
ڳ£̵ĺȻɫҲû֮ǰ԰ס
⳷ƣһʶĲɨȥѾ¿ڴ˯ţɵ˿
ʱ䣬һ̵Ĳչˣֱڶ峿Ųݲݵһ¡
ȵ۵ʱ򣬳Ȼʶ춯æķ̽ȥ
ķʱѾվƷˣһ֮ǰԼ¼СãʱҲڱʼǱϷɿдţһйμ΢Ůͬվڲڣüų
˼ǣµʱѾʧȥʶ΢Щغɡ
һ㵡
ѾһűǰԵͷǣԭҪ̻ؼңǱһֱ죬ĻͻȻͣΪ£ͿͻȻεڼʻϡ
ʱͻ棬Ժеʯһµͷæһߺ̵֣һȥ̣ȻȴѾˡ
΢ųĽͣɫҲϵĵҲͬ˵һҧͻȻԲų飬ǽ֮ǰصز鿴ϣ̵һֱܽûкͻȻйصĲʷ
΢ֹɫ԰ס
üʶ̽ȴлʿƳյҽѾеļ顣
ÿλãҽ̼Ѫѹĵͼ֢״һֲ鿴˻ߵ˿ڣ΢΢¶ȣ˼¼ֱһ׼ųųס
һ֢߳໤ңҽժ¿֣΢Цλ˵״ָ̬úܺãȻ鱨ָĻӦþǰɹΣˡ
˵ţִЩ̾һǵһμָôƻߡԭʧѪ࣬һܰ
ҽظͷ۷ẉ̂¶Цݵҽʲôʱܹ
ҽ΢΢һ㶣ֵҩӦѾˣѵû𣿡
ϵЦݺȻ̣ҡͷһֱտûпļҽѵѾ𣿡
ҽ˻һҡҡͷֵ˵ͷ⻼͵Ժȵʱ򣬾ֻظˣڳʱˡյҩҩͿȻѹӦ˵һҹûзӦ
һ㶣ȻҽѾ˷ų߹
ҽȴû⣬ü˵ȥҿȶ۲죬ҪһֱѣٸһȫԲ飬鿴һû©ĵط֮ǰļӦòζҲǻʧѪ࣬һʱûлѡ


183 
ͷӦ, Ŀ⴦ϺȻʾѪɫһ׵úˣѾȥ
񣿡С񣡡͸ľͬʱ
΢æסĸ첲, ȴ۽ӰͻȻ, ԭվҽǰĳ⾹Ȼ֪ʲôʱ˹, ͬס
гɣĿɢ, ˵ĴţȴվҲվסֻܿڳĻ, ˮ˷µҲͻȻˡ, ֪֪ġ
һ, οС, żѾΣգὥתġ
㲻, ҺͻȻԲѣ֢״͸㵱µʱһģһ, Һ, 磬Һǡڳ⻳޵
Ѿǳһ˵ƵĻпһ, æصô᣿
ûлش, ֲֻ۾ܿʪ˳ǰ
Сá΢״಻֪˵ʲôáԭųȷ̵ȫû뵽ҽĻֵָڶαˡ
λҽĻҲЩ, ٿ֤֮ǰ˵Ĳǻѻ
¥ϵ˶࣬˴Ѿ˵ĲĿ΢ųͳ⣬ǱȰߴųص
֢໤ңȻʿϺȷûº󣬱ϵ˼ķЩϴҽԺտ
СĳˣֻķĻȴͻȻôһ䡣
ֱЩԣʲô˼
ķʶԼ˵ˣֻ˵ǽϿGеϢͣϿСĳӣһʼš
һݡ
걣ķĽͺҶϵ绰ֻܿͿϢȻйϦն³š
߱ߴֻͼ⣬ȻгʧײԱ߻Ķ̬ͼƬƬȻģƲûд룬ǳ̵ĳֳ
⶯ͼػԭ˳µọ̈̄µʱԱûκ˵ĸźȥʮֹ졣
ıԽԽ
ŵѾۻǧԵص㿪лԼҹ쭳ģҲлɾƺʻģҴ󲿷ֶǸۣìͷֱָϦչ˾
񷽲չϼŲãͷʱ򣬴ʱͻȻôһţƱػԳıļӰ졣
ɨݣĬĬصҳ񷿼䣬սűСùֽһ˭Ϣôͨûߣ˭ǵļƵѵСǣ
ĿҲʱ
ȥһ£˭й¶ġ΢ֻϢĽŲתͷʱ΢΢һ㶣ܿ˸λ
ˣ֮ǰóóԼ˵ĻŮ΢΢һΣЦŴк
Ĭ˻ᣬл΢ĿڳϣֻԼѾڲϣѾ΢Ŀȴһһʧģ
ˣϢһᣬҲۡ΢״
šͷߡ
ǻڵ飬Ҳû뵽ᱻ֪΢ֵ
ֵͷӦһһһһӣĿȴ̧ǼһֱС·Ҳᱻֻ֪ǳ⡣
⡭û΢һ㶣ֻó˵ƺ֮ǰЩһ˵˱仯ֱ㶵ضų⣬Ǵô죿
ⴹۣĿĺâѾȥҡҡͷûڻشֻǿų񣬼ԼҲԼϺܿ¶һЦݣСղ˵ġǡʲô˼
΢һ㶡
¿ʼ
£ֵ
硭һĿ£ҡҡͷѾסԼ̧֣ͷ磬ɻǵǰСʱ򣬱ҵ˶ڴҿ˸ĸ飿
šǰļ۾ͷ
˻ƣϴʹ𣬵磬ģȷʵһǣеˡ
̫ѧ޴ݣСôأⷴ
ǰôҲһŮǿˣȻҲЩ𣿡ԱߵСҲ۾
΢Ҳ¶һ˿⡣
Ŀ̧𣬻ؿڳˣҡͷǲţΪûмǸˣۿΪʩȻҲ޵Ĵܹͨ˵ġ
û뵽ԼԵʱ򣬳ΪԼЩ£΢΢һ㶣ȴĿؿԼ
Ǹ˵˻⣬Ĳǲлѡ˵ûѹԭ򡣡
һ㵡
ɵؿųȴȻԳЦҡǸ˵ɱ֣ɷɷ˵壬ҽӴöˣкõ³
ҲҳٳٲҺһԭ򡣡


184 ֮
ʱ䲢, ⵱Ϊǹ⽫̵Լû뵽оȻôһԭ
֮У, ˾Ȼܹ˵, Ѿóⱸ𾪡ⶨ˶ʵС˭˵ģ
ǰ, Ǹ˭СԱ߸͵ô, ܲæĲ
ʦͨĸˣԵɺ֮·ȡϵͷѾչ, ҺҲûϵ
񲻼ãֻǵ˵, ûпԱ߳ٶ΢㵵
ʦͨʳŹ, ǵȥ˲гҹʱʶǵἰġ
оɣȻ׻ѹʣųֵɵѾͷ, ôǿǣֻǳҵöѡ
ǡҺˡ̧ۣ˵ʲô, ȴٶȴϡ
ɫѾ¶Щú˵ЩҿҪˡ
һ㶣ʱڿСûм⼲Եģʱɵ΢΢
΢Сͬʱ, Ҳ´۳⡣ڰܰлٶӴƽʱĿƽͣջǵһμĻŵǿӲ
ѾһûϢ֮ԼȻǿӲֻ꼻һ֣ܿɫָֻԭȵ̵ͣһ취࣬϶кתϦգܲʲ±߰ɣ
ǰֳ˵ͷ
΢΢һЦŶԷ£ںñӡ
תͷԼĸ磬ĿᶯȴԼٶ£æ۾
΢ˣɵﰵ̾ʱѾ˵㾫񣬱
ı¼ѾˣһصǻݳֳбȶԣзֵĻһ֪ͨǡ΢
ݾ١л
Ӧõġ΢ʲôҪæĿԽҡ
ٶȵл
΢󷽵ذ˰֣С뿪ҽԺ
Ŀ뿪ߣѾ˯Ŀ͵ķ˿뵽ʲôĿһһó
һԱտ˳һᣬųǳǳĺת
ѾΣգҽ֪ͨƵͨĸ˻˼ҽǰڰ̵Ļֻص̻һ
һСʱ󣬼ıķͱ½ҽԺ⽫ķֱڳ̵ĲտԱθڡ
˵ͷӦǣȴЩù죬ֻоƽʱô˵ĳʱ˺ܶ࣬һ򲻴Ӷ˵ʱԸ޾ϸŵʮ׵ȫ֮ǰʶǸڼµĸ硣
ճİţڹȻҽԺж׵ļߣһһϣЩߴ󲿷ֶ̫̽˶Աֻ뿪ֻһڤ粻򱻱ڴסֱӽɳ⴦
͵ĵļѾǼ⿴ȥǵϵˣˣåʸ񡣳״Ҳֻ˭ָʹġ
ʼͳۣϺͶԷ˼䣬˵ǳ˾ȻԼСİѳ˵й¶˳ɵЦ
ֽ⣬ǰ˰ܣ¿ģͳԶ
߰ջ鱨ϰŷŭԩʵޱϲȵ˿ڣ㼱ææػȥʼϢȥˡ
Ŀͼ뿪¶Цתȥֽ˱ڼ䣬㶯뿪ҽԺ
İţгֻҪȥһ˱Ҫбڸţڳ£ҽԺʱм̽Ϣڲ뿪ңҲ޷ټ⡣
һߵ·ϣ۸ͷڹսǴΣݶȥ
δأѾȴһɳǸ󲿷ֵѾҵ¥ΨһԭģķȻϣΪضεԭȻΪGзߵĻƽ
ѾûеһƬסլƾżסլĵڣӿգڿһլ
լռĶأǷӵʲȫޣƾⷿҲGӵһϯ֮ء⾲ɨܿլеĵӼأǽϢ
լӶ˺ͱѲߣʶȴִ˴ųѾȳҪܶࡣ
˵ڵԭסլӵ˼¾ֻʣһ꼶Ļ㽡ȫ
̽һᣬȻլӵ鷿ѫ١
ĵǱ鷿ϡ
ѫ鷿ŵҳʱӶͽֽѫӹĿܿݱֽͷϡ
ʶݣܿ췢ֱֽǺСĳйء
̳µͻȻ¹ʷʱԱ߲ûĿعٶȴúˣиӶֱָµĲҵһоԤıصԣòɡ
йԼܵѫġ
û죬ʶɨֽϵȴš
г˵ϢڱֽϣѫȴԵЩʱüͷڱֽҳػؿ˼飬ŷ߷ߵϣһʮŭӡ
ԱߵӶ˱ѫķӦһֻվű߲֨
ѫ״Ӷȥ
Ӷ̸ˣ˷š
ѫӶ˽ŲԶˣüֻ͵زһ绰롣
ιү绰ä£һ˽𣬴һ
ѫ۾ʦȥҽԺ;ӴѾõȷϵϢ˳ûΣգ⵽ô£
Ķʦ֣˲۾
Ѿʦˡ
΢ʶ֮ȴѫֻĻشǽʦ˻صүҪŭûг£϶ҲԪˣүֻҪγ£һԱ¼֮𡣡
ĻƵѫȴɫʦܴ첻٣ҵЭɲô˵ġҪĲǳҵҪΪҶ죡
ĿЩˣʦĻ΢΢һ٣ȴү֪㱨УЭҲ˵һһ棬Ҳû취ѡ񡣡
⻰ʲô˼ѫ
ǰҲ˵з֮ҪҵԼеġʦȵү˵䷴ɣκγɱ֣ȳҪǿԳүҪЩ򡣡
ѫһ㶣û뵽Էôһشɫ࣬˫˲ҵ˭ģģ
ұҲóүȥ⣬ǳΪĸ磬˵ȡԳҲĴʦ̾ϢֻϧǸ֮ˣҲ޷¡
ʲôѫɫǰһ֡
֮겻࣬޷ӵԼˣҲʦЦȻټһûˣһҲµµΪү޷ҲضԴ˹ڻ


185 
ü
ѫûвĳ, ʱעѾȫʦĶԻУѾŭȲǳҲǳ, 㽫ҵ˭ģ
Ѿ㻻һó۵˵ʦƵһ̵, ǿá
ĻȻ, ȴС۾ĵȻǳ¼ֽš
̡ѫҲӦ, ƢãѾҧгݣǸ񿪳Ǹ˾˵ôĳ, û
걻һӡǣóȻĨɱ»ᾪˡʦүɷģĻѾҾн, ֻҪȹЩʱջϵӡ, Ҳ͵ˡ
ֻͷĵ绰, ѫȴڵͺһҪЩʱգʦʱҺЭʱɲô˵ģҪĿǳ
ͻȻ, 绰ͷƲԷ̬, һĬ˺һʦͻȻ, ȴЦһү֪㱨УʦҲʦĹأȡѾΥɷ, ѾðźܴķգүɲҪš
⻰˵ֱѫһٶŭ㵱˵½׵𣿡
Ҫ֮صʯںСǮʦߵ
㣡ѫؿڼȴһǺס
ʦѾֱϵ绰
ѫűߴϢͨäĿ¶޺޺Թ
ȻǻԼ֡
ѫϣؿϢƽϢתߣҪ׼˽ȴԭһ˵߲֪ʱһɫӰ
ǰɫӰվķϴŵǼ򵥵İɫӸһͷ鷢ڷ¶һݣ֮ǰȥҽԺ̽ĳĸ磬⡣
ѫȻһֶڳϲͣӣ¶źͽ䱸
үү״ڵ
ѫǳ⸸׵ĲڱҲֻгôƺѫﾪ㵲üٶӵ⣬ôʲôʱģ
飬벻˻˺ԱҴүү⿴ѫǳһ˿ЦʲôʱλʦͨʱҾˡ
ѫ𾪣ʦ֮Ӷ֪Ķ࣬Ȼܹ֪ʦĴڣո˵Ļпġ
ɸոշûˣôʦͨôͻȻķڵģ
ԭ𾪻ûɢȥʱǾɡǰİ׳꣬ȴٶȿڣһǶԷʼʣүүʦʲô֣
⾹ȻֱӴʦϢ
ѫһܿ׳¾ΪģԭķһɨգͻȻЦݵ⣬ôͻȻʦôǸ̵˳ˣļ
Ǻѹ⿴ųѫЦݵԻүʶһ㣬ʦϢҡ
ѫû뵽ôϣ΢΢һ㵣󷽲ŷӦ¶Ц⣬ǲ̫쿪˵㣿ץˣȴͶ
˵ţѾ·ͨѶˣѷ˸¡
ͨѶ˼ºƣȴӴ
ѫһ㵣̧ۿ⣬ȴ⻹վԭأһ˿Ц
˿ȥʮƽȴҳڲͣзת
ԼһֲԤСҪźˣȴܱߵķ羢ͻȻէԭ΢ŴȻһһ˲䴰žȻȻ죬ȫϡ
ѫδΣ˲һȻ⡣
ѫȥġ˵
仰ڳϷĹġѫŵؿų⣬۾ɴ
йʦѫԴ˵ȹ֮Ӵı죬𾪶ͫ𶯣һ͵طӦ૳ڣԭ㣡
̧ۿųѫ
ҵܰôʧܵġѫȻԭڳ־˵ˣ
ϣ˵ܹѫϣҳҡѫ˵ǲǣ
㡭ѫ뵽ܰʧܺ¼ܵǣֱ£ʱԷ̣Ҿ֪ǼĶǼ֣ҲǣҲǡ⣬ӹô϶֪ߺĸôġ
ǳͳĸף˲۾
ϵʧѫ̵Цһ˽ӣҲҳ¼ôɷݡүүȥ֮ұ˹רźȥⰡҼǵ㿴㸸ĸʬɣ
̧ۿųѫ
ϴΰܰұ㽫һһζֻϧⲻõʧˡѫڼûϵⲻг񣬻̡
˵̵ʱ˼֣ƸղźʦͨŭѾɢ
ǳãԵʱ䣬ɶչˣ˵ˣõöġ̼
⿴Цһִӿڴóһﶪϡ
һƽ
ѫһ㶣ֻϷŵһ֧¼ʡ¼ʴʱż沥ո˵Ļ
ѫɫٶһų⡣
ؿ
ڼǰѹʱжʮֲ㣬·һȳһգ˵ȥһܵ˭뵽ʱǰĺ͵ͬһˡ
УһڴǺʱֶΣ
ѫһ飬ʦ䡣
Ѿʮ꣬ͻˡЩвңúЦѫӲ
ֻЦѾһֻ
ѫһڴͨѶߣȻ֪ʱûӰ
ҪأȴѾ۲鿴ͨѶ绰ع˴ЦŶʦͨ


186 ݾ
ѫһ
ּʹֻ, λGУٶһЦ̧ۿųѫʵסģ
Ҹͨ, ŶûУѫ
ֻֻת˼¼ѫոմͨôĿҿҲ֪סɣ
ѫɫɫ
ͨϼΪټǼʦһʮ, Ժʹ߱õ绰ϵ, ͦGеϲ, ȷʵ֪顣
Ҵѫ޺޵ؿų⡣
⽫ֻ¶ϣʰ¼ʷŻسĿڴȻˣҲˡѫҿѴ, ǴڼҵžĴɡ
⣬վסѫߡ
ⲻٴѫѾȥ
ŷǱѰ֤ݣѫó뿪, ת, ץȥֻһֻ׼˳ıӰ, ȵ֮ʱԭ鷿յͻȻ򿪣һ۵룬˲Ի۾
ǰһ򣬷ǵûץס壬½Ƕû
ѫץյһ, æ̧ͷǰȥȴųĵطǳ¼լյȣҪ˵⣬һӰûС
һжʲôûзϵֻʾųȷʵϵĴŲͬƽĹ졣
ѫһѣһڴ󺰵ˣˣ
үʲô£һбغ
ץס⣬ߣץסѫæ
Ҫץ⣬һ㶡
ǳѫֶͬʱҲǳˣ˵ܳڴ˴һԲ֪ѫ˵ʲô˼
үǹûп˳е
˵ովǰôûˣѫǰ׷˼ȴȻ뵽ĳ֣Ȼʶʲôʱһ
ոյĳͻȻ䣬ͨ˰쵽ġҪץĳ⣬ܿǺʦһĴڡ
бڿ
ѫֲ˼£ٶȺѾ˻ƣŸʲôȥ׷
Ǽѫŭֻ÷׷ȥʼװģһһ¼ҵլ
¼ҵүħ
һ飬һǰȥƵլʩȫ˽ͻʾǵؿΣүѫ˵ĳӰ
ȷʵûڼ³ֹʶԸ֪Աߵ׽ͨͷҲ׾ٵ顣
ʱѾ뿪˳¼լһȥ
ʱ⿴ֵı־
΢ڵľӣҲǸܰͳ¹ʰĵطóֻ΢˸Ϣվھȴ
ӣƷݾٳſڡ
΢صֺ˸ݳĿڹ²鿴˼ƵͷȷʵлԵļֱȶֳĳۣȷ˳ڹʵԡ
¹ԭΪͻԻԣĿǰýϴɵĳơ쭳ȫ㣣ֻҪʵչµϦղҵʱⲨΣ
𰸼Ѿ˵Ͻ᰸ڵУ̵ĻԵ֤ȴв㣬ȱһݷҽ̻ԭļ档
ճӦǳʲôԵԭ򣬿ҽԺȴ޷̻Ե⣬չһٶȿ֤Ļڡ
Ҫ᰸ʣͷϵİȱҪ֤ݣ߿϶ͨҲ΢ͷ۷ѵԭ
Ҳʱ΢ӵ˳Ϣ
ôͻȻң΢ЦʵǰԼĳжҪ׼⾹Ȼ֣Գĵе⡣
гܾȣȷʵûڻкͳĻᡣ
⿴Ůֲ˼޷΢΢һЦеĶݸ΢һݾ١
ݾٽӹһһ֧¼ʡ
ǣⲻƽ׽һ֧¼ʣһʣһߴ򿪲żɫܿ˱䡣
֧˵ĶԻȻͳİܰйء
İܰǣ¼ң΢˲û㹻ֱ֤֤ǳѫָʹģ¼ǸϵȻԼͰܰĹϵߺȻǳѫġ
Ȼ⻹Ҫģ¼棬ѫȻ˵ʮǰһ𳵻Ҳָʹġ
΢ԽԽľ⸸ĸʱ鲻̧ۿվԱߵӡûмǴĻǰڸпҳʱ򣬳λʼǿŵģڸ֮ǰĸĸܾѾˡ
ǼôģѧԺȥʲôʱ򻹴һûʮĳôչ˵ģ
΢㵣һ־ĸоȻ˼ؿų⣬ʵ¼ôŪģ
¼гǳ¼ģɳʲôʱȥЩˣѫҪˣôܹڳѫǰȫ˵ģ
УǾո뿪ҽԺȴ¼͹ѵλǸոշ飿
΢ؿǰĳ⣬ȴԱߵȥҵĳѫϲֹҵİӣҸĸİӣһҲйء
΢Ȼ¼µģ֧¼ʣǻ㸸ĸİӽ½顣
Ӷɱȳİܰδ컹Ҫأѫһһӷֻ֡
ллݾ١ص
ֺҿˣⶼҵĹ΢ЦιҵľΪ𣿡
ԻһЦȴҡͷϣݾ٣ʵһи󡣡
ʲô󣿡΢΢㵡ǰ¼Ծһ󰸣⾹ȻȫΪ¶
۲ˡ


187 
΢ʶһ㶣˭
ͨ, ְҵһʦ
΢û뵽⾹Ȼȥְҵü⣬ҲųĻ𣿡
Ӧȷʵ̵Ļйء
΢ʱĬ
ʦͨԽӴְҵ, Ϊ, ÿҲ˼װʦƭթİ, ˵Ͱйءüøų⿴˺һ, ŵͷ, ȻǺͰйأǾͰϡ
΢ΪʮĹ飬˵Ŀ궨λʦȻʮֻ΢֪, ȻһڴӦ˳ȥ 
鵽ԺҪô죿΢ʵ
Э̡
ͨʦܹ̳, ôΣճ̶ԶԶ˵󡣵ƾһ˿϶޷㶨, ΢Եؿų, ֪˵ʲôǺá
ȴԵúƽûԤ֪صΣա
΢ֻﰵ̾һóϢ
໥ҪҪ㣬ɫѾ磬ŸԷء
»صҽԺӶ˸Ի㱨ԼĹ, ڳԳ߼ߺ, ٿǰ̽ϢļߣķƳѾѯ˳٣ȥ̵ķ̽ӡ
ǳѫģոȥ˳¼լһ, ֽϢѫ֮϶Թ˲ϾЩߡ
ͷǰ̵ķ鿴üһ̵ԱߣŶԷ
ĬĬվڷ濴һ󣬵ûѡ߽ȥת뿪
ƻ谵£ȡ
г¼ٱѫİӹȻµĽչжӵľõ׼ˣʼչԶʮǰĵ顣
ϲƲչ£ѫֱ촫һ¼ýȦ׷𾪣ýרٶȽиٲ²⣬ԤδGеľ÷ԭԳ񿪳һ浹۽٣ȡ֮Ǹ˻ɳºͳ¼ҵĹ
Ϧҵһָƽ⼸ȥ̷ʱҲһֻûűʼǱԣʼֹ۷ĸıҲĻ
ҵΣʱȴһֱû
복ʼѾȥ죬ҽԺĸⲻ̻Եԭ޷ҵɣ̺ܻܿ⵱һ˯ѡ
Ͽƻά򾲣ĽȻҲԽԽ࣬ʱڹʱ̧ͷ̣˰Сʱ󻹲ƿĿ⡣
⿴뿪ҽԺǰ΢Լĵص㡣
΢ͳҽԺĿ档ݾٴű£ϴż̵Ƥ¼пˣͷ𣬿ֺ㽫⼸ݽԷ
ͨѾG21ˣҷǵļֻһλʦݡ΢ųⷭҳ
Ŀֽҳϣ΢ָͨĵ
ʾͨԼΪʮ꣬ʮǰGжӣְҵиԣסΪһũ壬GԼʮ·̡
滹΢⼸ʲ顣
ϢѾȳе꾡мݾ١
΢˰ֵʲôʱ
ܽաճ̵ķ䣬ĻӦ֮ǰϻأص
΢ͷĳӽãҲһȥ
˵ţĳӦһ¡
⣺
⿴ŵĳһ㵵ݾٲô鷳һȥС
ѫİӾѾȫ룬ͨѫˮ΢˵ϸŵĵӵѾҵҵȻҪȥͨʦʲôġ
˵ţľͳһ䱸װ๦ӿڵ⣬ͬѧһҲΣա
ҲΣյġ
ھܾҲȥͨ΢
ü
ͨҲͨǶ֡⿴΢ԥƬ̣׻ǴӦ
΢ЦЦųGбĿĵس
ӻʻҽԺҲʱһӵҽԺſ߽һֻһӣһֻֻб߿ŵͣͣסԺĲ
һһŮеĻڻ˯ŮԱչˡ⻹иڣ
ʦͨʦµָŷҹҡ
˭㣿ڼƭӣɵһ㶡
ҡʱ򣬷Ŵ򿪣վ
Ȼ鲻ǿЦ̽˽ȥ
Źϣֻܿʣͻ˯ˡ
ίϵɣʵѾؿʼ̵״
ǡͷѾûѣ֪ʲôԭҲʦͨϣܹѹ
ͷʾ̵֪ĶͷںȻէ֡
ȴֻܿһ΢ĩĹ⣬ֻ̣͵ַһģһɵýŵʦΣ
ջ֣Ƭ̵Ļǲ
ǣ궼ڵ˼𣿡㵡
΢ȣһλû겻ֿܷǲھ˼
һ㵣ʵʱǰյιȥӵָʵģº̺ԵǴͬ
˲Ƿ졢ء꣬ѵͲֿʵ
û뵽⣬ͷ˻Уػ٣Ӧ֪ɣһôٵЩǲŻɢ˻ֻأػԻع
һľĿ¶ã˵˻ŵʱ򡭡⣿
ҲûУǰĻ㹻ǿܹŵסնʹɣΥǲֻĻֻ᲻ͣرģֻмһ·ѡ񣬶˻ʧȥ꣬൱ûԼˣÿһֻضһ޳ɡ
̧ۿ
ԾˣŸɿһعģλϲն
̣ĬƬʵĻ
ӦǱ˶ֽšٶȵĿǰҵĳӦ˽Ļǹˡ
 ɫ˲ŵ̲Ǹѧʦûеκˣ˭
ǳµƵҿˣ֪عһ»ҲֻǼϵʦҼǵһɾרóһǵĴӪGУεŽͨѾǼʦˡ
˵ţ°Ͳ˼ͨˣǰ˵ϲʦͨ˲ɢ
֣ͨٶʵҪô죿ָ̻İ취𣿡
ǲãģءص֮Ҫû̵Ļǡֻͨˡ
ôˣʵ
ҶǼʦȻܹͨʦͨλĵַδشù
񣺡
¶
ȴĿ¶ᶨѾվ
޷ҹȥӦǳѫҵģȻΪǮ򲻹ҿԺЭ̡


188 Э
Gʮɽ, Ⱥɽ࣬·ɽϣԽԽ
һƬɽũ˴󲿷ѾǴ򹤣ֻһСֵ˺ͺͯ, ˱Ѿǰ΢һ·ɽ·ǰ, ·ֻȼС, ɽ·ߵũ壬ٿ˵ټ
˸ŵǰ, ԼĸСʱ, ڵִдĴ䡣ӵķӴ󲿷ֶǽеѾòɡﻹɽ·ͨɽ棬ɽڣֱɽʱԼ¶һΧǽ, Լǵ۵ӡ
ǰѾ޷ͨ, ΢ͣó, ˸ļ, ȷǰĵ۾ͨڵλá
ɽ·ɭԵúǹ죬΢ŵʼվòȷϴװųͨ²Ʋ磬һ, Σվ˵󡣡
á⿴΢Ѿȥ, ĵػعͷԼֻӦ
΢԰ųһǰɽУȻһ۽ɽ, ΧǽǽߣɫƮкɫģԶ
ǰʯ̵ȴʯʨʯһһҸվȥëȻ֮С
΢ͷ˳һۣȥõ۴šһű򿪣һʮӴ̽ͷϴźɫĵۣɨһվĶˡ
ʲô£ʵ
ͨʦ΢ڳǰ
ǵü¶һģʲôǰʦ
΢һ㵣ʶ⿴ȥ
ʱѾʶɨۣԻصʲôǰʦʲô
һʣʱҼʦͨţĽǰĿɲҪʦ׼ҪҲͰҪԤԼͽŵġ
˵߿ʼЦҿλҲ׼ģذɡ
˵ţѾš
΢û뵽ͨ㱻ܾæҪ£ͨʦ棿
һѾ顱عϴš
㡭һžͳһŸ΢ü
ųףŵԣͨʦݾȻܻӭӡ΢ŭ־ҪƤȡ֤쵽һ㱻˴ס˼
ݾ٣
а취΢ͷֻѾǰɵʵ
šͷ
΢ԥһ£֪ҽԺ˯꣬ȥǱͨһЩΪ±ٶȰܵԵһֱڼУǻó罻ӡų⣬гɣ׻ջ֤֣ߵһߡ
΢߿ǰûмŵĴ㣬̧һֻš

䡪ſںȻ죬ԭյĴӦƬŰ壬ڲȻ
ɽö˶Ⱥɽɡ
΢
ΧǽŵסĵھҲһ˲չ΢ǰ΢ʱȴ۾ǰ浹Ű壬ȫڵ
ĵӴʱѾ֮Զͨ⣬ȴǸƵģݷõʤոһû׼ƱСȻ׼뿪ʱ򣬱ȴȻһըѶĤһæͷȥȴҵĴžȻֱɶ
ñͷ
飡أֱĽŸǰϵĳ
ֳһƬ㾲
һ⴩۵ĿӲ𾪵شӽǰŰƿߣǰվŵˡ
ſվŵĻǸոŵŮֻʱ˻λáվǰһŰ׳꣬һվţϵɫȥЦ⣬ɨӹ
ʲô£ô£ոʲôô죿ڣͬ۵׷ܹʲô飬Ĵźվſڵ׷һ㶣󽥽Ӧô£һһ¶ŭ
Ǻˣƻҵĵţվŭ
ڳ˵Ŀⶼڳϣ΢Ҳų⣬һʱ˸ηӦ
벻ǰشϰٹĴǳһ߷ɵġ˵΢ٶȿϵĴţȷǲֽġ
һ˲Ŀհףٶ
Ҫͨ
⻰Ƕŵ˵ģŵ۵˸ԿһۣһվļҵʦѧЩƤëҲҵҰǻ˰ɣ
һ߿۴ŵĲͨˣֻҪʦǼϾ˿ųŭĿӣ
΢̿⣬ȴûᣬĿڵ۵ô
Ҳų߿ȥȴõĵطһˡϴŵһڰ׵ۣʮָߴ󣬰ɫɫ¶һϵƬʮƣ֮ǰͨ
ǰֻʦǸԿǰͨɭΣյϢûһ㤡
æ䱸ؿǰˡ
ʲôˣк£ͨʱǰǽ壬۾Ŀڳϡ
ͨǰϿһۣʦǰ͵һ̵Ļǣιϣԭ
̡ǡЩ֮ĶӾһʼֻ̻ͨԵֶΣЩᵽ̨ô˵ѾȫⷶΧ
ͨȴƺϰԷŶЦʼζ̡ˣǳѫίҵİӣѫнףҿɲˡ
̧ۿͨȻЦȷ𣿡
ЦʱƽĿȴȫɫͨȴصǳʦɣȻʦҲӦ֪ʦĹأѫɻϰ̵ĻǣǱʴӣҲòˣǡ
ڡǡͳѫĶԻʱ״´ǵʲô
ǳϲ̣Ըļ۸һɿڳеķϣȫˣ̵ĻǻͨЦ
õǾص
ŵɷҲҪ档ͨɨԱܾĵӣĿ⽥Ҹôң鴫ȥǸȥĵطҪûǣǵǮҲҪ
˵ìͷֶ׼⣬ԱߵһڵӶʼֻؿų⡣
΢һΨֳӦæվ˻Ǻǿо죬캦㾹һ
СŮ˭ͨм
΢ҧǰѾ֪Ҳ֪Լó֤ǰЩûַԼĺϣ˼һҪô죬ȴߵĳٶǰѾ˽ȥ
ⲻɣ΢̻
ͷ˸ƣѾתͨ
ôͨˣͨʵ
Ѿߵ۵м䣬վĿ𣺡ͨ㵱ΪҺ̸̵Ļǣ㲻Ҳý


189 ʦ
, شڳ˵Ķ
΢ȫû뵽˵Ļһ, ͨЦ
⣿ⲻǳǸûĸ磿Ҳ㻹Ϊʦ֪ͨǰԭ, ȻʮֺЦ, ⣬һûķﻹ⣬ǰȻ, Ȼ̫߹ˡ
ûѾٶἰ۾
ͨΪ⵨, Ц⣬ҷˡһûķҲûãǾƲύ̵Ļǡã͵ɣ
˵ţԴؿų⣬Ϻڰ׵·Ȼͬ
΢ľʱò, ͳ֤첽ķߣ߱߾֤ͨǳжӵľ, ̳شɣǻȥ飡
ͳĻо죡
˶ʱɫһ, Ů, еľ֤ʱɫ¶ֽš
ͨϵĺƻţŮ, Ҳųҵһ֮˸⣬ԭǴ˾졭ʦͨ;쾮ˮˮȻҪҲ·ͲҪҳ飡
˵һ֣ϸֹЦݣǺȻۣγһѻͼڡ΢ٿʱȴǰȻһöɫһԼüĴ
ڼ΢ĸоӵһп·С
ٶȿþˣ΢Ȼ󾪣ҪܿѾëէۼڼƽͷȴһֻǰ˲ס˺ڼ
ڼȥʱֹס
΢δôյĳ棬ֻһ亹˿ĭĿĽֻͣϡ
ָֻ޳ָڷʳָָһƬɫëϻŰɫĳڣȻǳ֡
ǳ־ȵΪʲôЩ
΢һͷʵ
ųıӰֻǰ˷ǰһ̻Լһ𣬶ȴİԼδ˽Է
ȴûпеĺɫë£Цʦô¾죿 
ǼʦȻɵһͨľ죬ʦʦͨԼþ˽Խĵӣǵע⣬϶ᱻ鲢ȡʯĹʸ
ʯʦ˵̫ҪˡʯĹӦֻܻߵļ۸ȥй
ͨ¶ɫ⡢΢ȥ
Ȼң˿ֶ顣֪ͨҵܣǲʹ£
˵ǡ¡ֱ֮˵Ҫȥշӿ죬һ㡣
Сģһ΢ڷӦһ̽䣬һǹѾȻաĶȴ죬ǰһߵϵŰ壬ֻǳĴžȻڳǰ˲ƽضвͣתͨĺɫϤ¡
ⳡʵǼ𺳣ڳ˶ɵþסΨͨĿȻ΢ϵǹɫ΢΢һ䣬æȵĵӣˣ
Ա߹ۿĵ۵ŷӦͨзĵļģľóľ΢Χȥ
΢û뵽ͨȻ˺սԤԼĳæսеǹҪǹ壬ȴٶߣֻһƿתĴţӦѣǰɫȴץסһѵĳľΧһɨȥ
Χ˱һɨУʱһҽУڵϣԱ˴һʱ侹Ȼվ
ԭȻĵ۵ӴʱϤذģҲ̶á
΢ǹŵֹס˵
ոʵҲͿһɨֳͱ΢־㶵ؿų⣬ȴִųľѾͨķȥ
ͨҲסˡµĵѾǼʦƽʱܵԼָ㣬ʦҲ߹У¾ȻֻǰĸһɨʵǴϡ
ֽϻǹⱻ˰ܵ¼ǰǳĸ磬Ӧѫ˵޸֮ǡ
ʦˡĻ
ͨھ㶣ȴһ˲侹ȻӵԼһ
һŷХʵ˿֪ʲô
ͨæãƾռһľסĽ
飡ľʹŵľײ졣
⣬ֶΣͨЦһԭԼѾס˳ĹտڣȴǰĽһӦϡ
ͨЦϡ
ǼʦĵֿڳǰƣľһҼϡ
⣡ͨʹһѾϵľѹõ¡
ڳϴ⡣Ȼҽձ㡣
˵ľҪͨٶȻ¡
ͨѣûн⿴û뵽⾹Ȼ˹νʦȻǰôʱ⶯ϵͼڿٱ仯ɫѻص
⣬ңĿɲֹЩľ£ӭͷײϡ
һľһͷײϣ졣̧Լͷһ𡱣󱳺ȻͻȻӿһž޴ĺɫһ
û״һҪšԷĳ򣬵մɫȴһ˿գŷֶԷĳεķ֮
ͨϵæӳɿУ֮ڣ֧ԼϿάַе̬ɵøߣѳ㱾ٸҲûзݵصı죬ӳ⣬šȻ㣬úõԶɷѵ룡
ͨ˵֮䲻ɵ¶ĵ⣬ȴ̧ͷĿԽ䣬жľֱ
ͨɫ󾪣æùҪһңȴķ򣬾ȻһҲԾС
ûгҲûзķɵ˰ա
ͨ۾ʦҲǿ֣֮ļλʦӵз֮⣬ʦֻнڿգͣʱҲӶѣǰĳ⾹ȻֱܹӲκ֮С
ǳɵգɫЩڽķ
ͨɫʱһףæ·ӡ
ȻķٶҪϺܶ࣬ͨͷʱֻ⼸Ҫ׷Լæͷɨӣؿɽ·ϳӰҲ˼ֱ¡
ɽ·ߵһһŮǰ·ŮӸں档ͨ״Ϸɿͳذף˲ŮӵһѿסŮӵĲӣذ׵סԷľĶ
⣬ҪٿҾɱͨŵؿϵ
С㡭ǰæת󺧵
һ¹ʷͻȻ쵽ӦŮӱס̿ʼ˵ĻȴͻȻͣ˶
ղڽС⡱
Ůһ㶣ΧȥֻһɫӰڸ߿յɽӹȻֹסŲһڲԶĸľС
վϣϴż򵥵İ׳βߴȴʮϤ
磿Ůͫ΢㶵ؿǰӰ


190 ĵ
һ·Gбɽ
ʦͨÿʦסַ, 鵽ɵĶλѡ³ҵۣɽ·ϣ׼ǰһᴫ˵еͨ
ڵɽʱ, Ȼͷм̧ͷȥ, оԼͻȻһӰŲӴĴС
õĲӴسǰвţֳʲôԼȻʣЮԼвĶȻҲС⡱
о, ĿǰѰȻһߴʮ׵ϿԼӰ
ĸôôߵϣ
۾˲ᵽɤۣʶ˵䣬˺Ȼһš°ͣǿԼתͷ
, һְֺ׵
, 㾹Ȼǳ񣿡˺Ȼһɨ֮ǰ䱸, ʱĻȻżֻ
һ, вԤСȻȷԼݺ, ɿԼ°ͣõЦ⣬ԩ·խţ䵽, Ҫٸҿһұɱ
⻰ǳԼĸ˵ģֻоԼӼ䴫ʹذ׵ĵƤ, ҺĲ¡
ͨ˳񣡡Ҳʱɽ·ִæһӰӰƤ£ıҪСǾ΢
΢ͨһǰһԾۣһ·׷ϣȴڰ;ôһаá̾ǹԴ
ͨ΢һҲͨʦˣˣ
ͨЦȴȻûɿ񣬷קŶԷ̨ߵҪҷˣճϣҪó
ͷڳ󣬸΢Ҳüͨó񵱵ƣһʱ֮侹Ҳ
˲뽩֣߱ͨȥͨסԼֱۣȴֶԷ˷ֺżֻһһߵ磬ģ
۾ͨקųȥȻҪ
Ҫô
硭żضų⣬Ҫٳ룬ȴһ̤˾ֱӴӸ£һ΢̨֮ϡ
¥ôߣĸôߵĵط£ʱȻûзʲôҪȰ˵Ļ˲俨סڴһ̼˲ϵʹҲԼǱЮŵģٶ۾Լĸ硣
ĸ࣬˿ȥҲûˡ
⣬ͨն㲻Ҫϵ΢ѾĿ˳η˼ı֣ʱֵΣͷԳӿµıַûʼô𾪣ֻ䱸
վڳԼԿⱳ֦Ҳ֪ʲô;
ͨȴıԳһһٴУжذױƽĺ⣬ٹ
Ŀͨŵ֣صҪҺͳ񽻻𣿡
ǡͨų˰ȫľԷΪұ˳񡣡
ʦΪ֮ףҪ︨һҪʺʦӡȻӵоʦӣסóԷΪٴȡķʱգ˵ͿԳΪʦ֮һĴڡ
뵽˴ͨ¶̰ס񲻷š
ų⣬ųĴ𸴣ȴüҲ֪ҪôԷΪ
һô᲻֪ôΪ̵ͨ㲻ҪˣϲΪҾҪõ
⻹ǲ
ͨŭٶҪˣȴǰ۾էȻһâûӦֻǰһذ׵ֱʲôУĴ˲䴫ʹ
ʹòҽһҪסذףָȴѾʹæֿȥֻƱĴȻһϸľͷ
ذ˲ѵأͨûϵͻȻ֣æҪȥƳĺ紦ٶִһʹ
һ֦ļϡһγúˣ̱֦ĳ徢ײɣ˴̨׷ɿȥ
飡ͨ£͵̨Ϲ䡣
΢ǹֶסվֱͨͳڵλãֿǰĳ⡣
Ҳźԣ߿ȱ̧ۿǰĳ⡣
վڳһǰһ󣬷ֱ𿴵˳⶯ֵӡոճͨŵʱ򣬱ͻȻȡֻ֦һ֦ͨشڶֱӶ˶Էļ򣬳׷˶Էж
ֲ֦ڣ滹ƤţôǿӣɳովȻĶֱӽͨ¡
һзڵʯ֮䣬ûôֵġҲַ˼Լͬ뵽һΰܰ
һΰܰиһ̷ڳаˣܵ˵ȳ ӵзͬѰ˸ǳԼ
ųŴȴԼ̫ʣһʱ䲻֪ʲôط
ĸϦദû뿪ߣΪλиոôֲ
һڴϻ˯ˣôܹȥ磿
ֱ磬⼸˯ʱ򵽵׷ʲô
УǸֽ顱ȴֲڳе˭
̫ĵǰĳ⣬ֻĸʱʮֵİ
Сû°ɣؿų⣬ԼĸԱѯʵ
ȿȡû¡磬ô˼һԼ
鵽̵ĳܺһͨʦйأǹ顣ǰй֮˵ ɸով۵߸һĻ΢Ҳ֯ԻصôҲ
̵ʦڣʦͨʦæһԭٶȿ⡣
Ŀ˿ϣֲϵѪûʲô仯ɳȴ˳еĵġ
ĸİˣеϤȴȻûб䡣
Ȼ뵽Լܹ֮ô˳չ¼ңкܴһԭΪܰںƣ߽˳¼һߡ̳£ĸҲǧΪԼ鰸
ΪԼ˿չ˺ø磬ɽԼʼڳչ֮¡
ԭĸ绹ġ
۾Ȼʪæͷȥ
Ŀȴͨ׹ķȥ
ͨڵϳ鴤̨Ϲ䣬ʦҲܣοӲ˳ʹ
ʱҲע⵽ͶĿ⣬ȥϺ̨ףòٶ㡣
Ŀ⿴ͨĿȴĪĵطȥ
ߵʱִԱ˸֦
⣬Ҫʲôͨ˲亦ֻƴǱȥ
ߵò죬˼ɫĪʿŹ㣬ѱԺ󲻻ڱ䡭
ͨпһԽԽе־壺¡⣬Źңҿ϶ٺˣ鷳
ҲšѾߵͨԱߡ
磡⣡ɡ΢ͬʱе
Ѿ֦
ҲڴʱȻƮһһԽԿ˵ʩ㲻ͨɷһΣʦͨҵҵڴõĹأΪ


191 
ͬʱ, ͷз̧ۣһɫ, ̤ɽڰ, ժסϵ֦
ͨ, ¶µɫĿתŵ֦ʱ, ȴֱøӿ־壬෴˵Ǿýˡ
üĿڶԷ, ֻһͷ׷òȴǶʮ, ͬȾࡣ
ʦѾ, ȴǳ
Ȼٶȿ, ֻʮֶ졣
ʩԳӵ˼סҴ˷ǰΪһ¡ͨɶ, ʩ˼
ʦͨεĳ, еͨڳ棬һֱûô˵˵, й, һΪǿɲҪΪͨԼ֡
硣ҲẰ˳һ
ĬȻԣлŵһ˿âڳ, ͨڵϵǱģڽе֦һԡ
֦صʱͨ⣬һղų⿿ʱ;Լܻܿڳ±ոճ⿴񣬼ֱڿˣ·ѾԶֵʱŻľ飬·ӵ߳һ
һִô顣
ͨ£ոһȴԱһָ
ƶʦͨϣд永ʦȨӵ̵Ļģһԣǣ͵
ͨ
ֻͨñ˴ӵѺصָۡ£ӵڹҵװ̵ȷ̵İȫ
ڽǰʶۣǰ̵֪䣬ʱ뿴ͨʢŻǵʱֻյƣ滨ƾɣ˵Ƶʽ
ʽʶóⲻɵ뵽вذֻյ
յʢŵǻǣв֮·ģʲô
յ˼һȻӰһʱĬȻ
ǶκͽĹͬλӰѾڣÿ֮ʱ˿еϣâȴǺճһ㡣
ⶨؿţֱ߽Ųͷ
磬㡭ʶով˵֣𾪸ӣչ¶һЦݣһų磬֮ǰ˸ܣ̵ʦ⼸̶Һܶࡣ
񣬿ӵĿ¶졣Ȼ뵽֮ǰڳ¼լͨͳѫͨ˵̵Ļи˵ӡǣλˡӡʦ
ӡ
Ҳ˽治Ƕ̶һ˲飬ΪѾеҪߺܶ࣬ųͷ̳£ƶʩ鷳ˡ
ᣬ̰СӦġصһлʱȰסҡ
Ȼ¿˳һۡ
ĻҲͣʶڻٶȿڵһ飬ܷһ˵
΢ȣ飬΢Цͷ
ȺͷվԶװ̻ǵתͷЩлչС񡣡
ǫ飬ʵҲֻĲһζѡӵ
Ŀ¶ȡ
֪ʩʲô飿Ц
һͷ׷͵ѾСȴԭò֮ǰֵ֮Ҳ˸еҧҧʵʵ֡ӡʦʱʵǷʶһǵӣ
Դ£ʶλڻ֮䣬ֻϡǵ˵ȴ꾡ֻСӡҲƶߣڴ˿»
һֱ֪Щʵʲô˼Ҳϲѯûеõһӡ˾վǰ¾ǵʱԵֵˡ
ѻʳڣֻоԼľȻһ˲Ľš
ʩˡ϶ȴһЦص
һ㶣Ȼѵ֪һ⣿
֪λǵĴʦ˵ӵ񵱳Ҳ鿴Ĳ飬ֻƶϳ겻ϣҪٻأ֮򲻿ܴﵽҽ˵λǴʦ
ٶס
Ѿ֪Լ޷صԭ磬ҲΪԼڳ뿪ԺĽû뵽Ȼλڲ˵ֱʣ
ǴʦΪ֮λһֱθ磬ƿݲ£ҵİӺѵý£˻˻ӿų
˻ꣿʵ
ڵֻľ˻͵ػ꣬껹ûлӵûƯ޶ʵҪͨҪǿһЩֻһֱ߶ѡ

Ѿֹһ˵ɫ΢ףͷӿһ˼ͷæʵҵںδ
Ϊǳвܿ̽Ǵʦ

ҲһҴ㡣ֵ
̧۾ʲô⣿
һЦص㣬þ𣿡
*
ͷգʹ䳡Сƹƹҡײ
һŵϷĿı͸ӵķ϶ϡԿһССкӰͣػеľͣôǰľ׮
ĺˮӶ£кӲɣֽ˿ϰ֮С
Ķʱͷϵ̫ȴȻһƬӰǡУһƵգȻ콣⣬绨һɢʱɢʱۣûʮѤ
Ȼкûпͷϵı仯ڲиľ׮
С޽꼸ˣôһտ䳡ڴһӵ
кһ㶣ⳡֻһСԲſܱСޡ̧ͷԴȥȴԶվһµӣ뷢ȫףϳһʵ
ʹлûмôһкһ㶣Ŀ¶ͽ䱸
ӿкӣϲɵЩźԹԵ߹·磬кûߵĲȴԷѾԼǰ
ǸôСɲãһ㶼ִϲһ˵Ȼк
־󣬵к¶ţæˣһһСľ񵲵˵ֻҪҽ׽ɣֻϲ
ɺĽʵ
Ͼôɵġкص
ǱɵţСľ׮ЩһкԴ꽵ȻǲȫǸʲôһѧͻᣬʲô
кһ㶣֪˵ʲô˼ʵʲôꣿӦȥŪ
ǶͨŪġ¶ҡͷˣԴãȥͻ˵ȥ
˵ţѾʵ۵鷿ȥ
ԼҪģ㲻ܸ߻ϣкæҪǰ׷ϣȴһ磬Ѿɿ⣬ﻹ׷ϡ
лҪ˵죺ֵ
*


192 
кļ, ҰİѾнԶһת鷿Ļ԰ڣ׸ߡ
鷿л, ɻƢ䣬Ծүȥ֮Կ, кη壬ֻľګͣ½ŲŵضŻ԰Ĺš
˻ͷźС׾Ӱ, ˹ǰȥһ·й԰鷿ڵλá
˴鷿ʱûй̷԰ڷŽأȴԵм塣ڻ԰ڣһ¼أ磬ǳ̷, ĵԵЩ֮˴ʱڿŻ, е, ҲͣϷ, һ˾ؿš
ǲ߽, ΢΢ͷ
˼Ŀ⿴, С꣬ھôϰ, ǲ̫Щ
ҲС, ҪҵλãԽĥ£Խô˻ش, ȴƽ䡣
˵ĽŲ˶٣ٶɨǰˣֻǰ˱ɽ֮ʱҪϰٱĬһ˵ֱˡ
ʦ̧ۣ˵
üëһ
¼ɽ콣ѩµһһʹó뻧ʵѵ֮ͻȻڻʹеİ֮ˡ
ѩѾһٶ䣬⼸ķͬ伣ѾѶȫޣ˷ڻʳ֮УŽһȻٶȿʵ⼸յɵĺŵģң
ѩѾͲ£ǰȥʱһֻŸ룬צӴϵźְֻҪһϷɣ˲ⶼѡ
ǡȻش
ѩ
֪ѩ̽պ˽ֻһ˶ѣĺѾţַģҲֻͽܽˡ
ֻͽһò֮㲻Ҫչˡǰɽһ𣬱ûټ档ѩѵЩϣĥʵνΪʦΪ£
ڻԱϣĿɨȥĺʦ׷ѰѾã֪Ӵ˴뿪İ취
ʲôѩһ㶣˴ָ
磬ⷽء
ѩ
ɽٶһ㶡
Ļ뵽뿪ѩòٶʵ
ѾҵҪȵˡ͵ͻشΪҡദǧա
ѩ΢ȣټʱȴԷᶨڿЦ
ΣҴȥٶ˵
ѩĬһ£λ˼Ҳ䴫ţǸ˾Ǿ
ʦг⡣
ѩ˸°ͣ˵ͷѾ϶
ˣСʼ⺢ӳҲ֪˿Է˵νȻ̾ұزСһڣҪ뿪̸סҪҪ߿ûô򵥡һߣ㽫ʧȥڵĵλӵеһУˣ
ɽΪѾ˴𰸣νݺ͵λ
˽ΪΨͽܴСͲһѩǰѾ˵Ľ飬Ҳ֪ô˵ãյͷҲã⼸Ѱٷ֮ҲЩĵãһɱƥ
˵ţ߱ӰһبУѩ̤ϣֱӲڽ֮ϣѾڰվ
ɣΨкɽ֮ˡ
鿴ŽѩڰյȺ򣬵ͷۻ鷿Ƭ̣ȥۣһɫװִһӳ鷿ſгѩгԷʶڽѩࡣ
ѩһ㵣Ҫ֮ȴǰӰһǱԼ̻ʮѾһǽԹӳվ
㡭ѩĽٿˡ
Ѱûиʮ궼޷ѧɣʺõģûиʮ겻ܻͽȴͨ˽ȻͬʦҲͨٶȿþˡ
ʦѱáѾн
ѩȻ֪ԼͽǸʱеܣԵ˵ͷƽԶȥ
״ϣһǰһ󣬲Ƭ̱˻ʳǶ
аʱܼƣ߱˶ɣ¾סĴԽԽϡ٣һƬɽҰࡣѩԶɫһɽͣ¡
ҲڽѩԣĿȴߵı˶֮
Ǿ⼸ѰҵķڡѩɫҲƲ㴦ȥ˴ڻûпΪʦڵҲҪٹʮʮܹ꣬ʱۣ˽ȥ硣
ʮꡢʮꣿŽѩĻĿȴǵпڽš
ûǿͻƣ׽ٷɣòʧѩͷɫ죬ǽ͵ǽڷҲһҵõҵˡвرڻǧ򻯣λ㼴뿪ȥҲܲڵĵطһ֮أԱȫ
һֱѰңһλһλҹȥкһ졣
Ҳܣ͵ˡѩ
ֹ˲û˵
֮ڴԭСÿ£㿴ǿвأصҲʢһʱȴҲʱһɳӶѡѩ䣬Ľļ˲ڵ£ϧǰۣͳٶۡ
̧ۿǷУĿȴ¶ִţۣΪҪ˼
ѩ죬ȴԼ޷˵飬ջ̾Ҳգпܣҷ֮ʴ㣬ʱȷһҲ١
ллʦջĿ⣬ΪѡһδֻǽǺԴӣϰҲϣʦλ֪ɷָһ
ǺӽࣿѩԺкȻֳޣͽرҾòǣҲﶺЩʱաҿϲģ̽Ҳá
ãһȥʦס
ѩͷӦ¡ƽϲͺӶ棬黹СʱҫֻϧԴӽʶָ⺢ӾԵ̫һЩʲôֶѧò˼飬ȫû˵ĳɾ͸У鳤㵱˦ƹ罫ɽͽܣԼȥķ˹ʱɽһˣٹܹԷ
࿴ûСʱôȤȵĺܺӡѩһɵ
һдأѩɽ鰲ڹס£дҹ｣ѩһڤ룬һ滮ڶΪʦģͷ֮ʱȴͻȻһ
ңԶĵطһֽһڰ￪ĵطѩʶбˣʱɵһ㶣ֻеķ´ÿȻԶ׽ӣʱʱһء
ҹû꣬ף
ѩɵָ㣬Ȼս飬ɫ˲һ䡣
ãСӲᴳ˰ɣѩĿһ⣬ææŶ


193 Խ
ʹҹһӰӿէ, ѩæдȥշɳǣԶ£粻ͣ֯һ, ʱǽѩΪʱ״ҲƤ, ͷƤ顣
׵ɽȥ, Ҳܻᱻ÷ǡ
ѩаŽ߷ɽҰϿգȴ֮Ѿһ׵Ļ, ⲻͣ£˵˽ȥվΧаײͣ£ʮΣա
ͽվɽѾһƬѩɽ, һ, гһǧӰϤ֮, ֻϡڹĻ˺һ, ȴֺܿ챻µ׽ٸǣΪ
ѩðæ˼, ɺЧĿֻ׽ٲϣ¡¡𴩶Ĥ
ҹʱʱ׵˰ӵʱ䣬ڽʼ䱡, ¶бؽѩ״æпȥֻĴһӰڵϣϡǽӰ
ѩɫһ䣬ƿϡ׵磬ɿӵӰԡ
˫ĿأѪ߲Ȼ۽ٿ£Ѿԣʧȥʶ
ѩпһҳɣæ鱧ӳ֮⡣
ɵӣ˵Ҫͻݻʱôôһߣһ߶߶˵ˣ׽㲻𣬶ôˣ㶫ʦ㣿
ȿȡѩͻȻ͵ؿ
ѩ˺۵ӣջ̾˿ûټ𱸣ɿʹȥ
ҹ˵ķ˿б⡣
˶ڻ֯ȥ
*
ͨӺʦͨáʦͨȷ׼ʦ˺ˣֶͨȻվͬзۣȥȴĺܻܿǱϳʦʸԼʦĺܳһʱ䡣
̵Ļ򱻳ҽԺ⿪յ̹ȻתѣѹԽſԼæѯȴǳϲӵһʱ˺ܾá
ҽԺҽ̸֪ٶȽ˼顣ҽԲ˵ѵı仯棬ͬʱҲ֪ͳⲡ˹ʱԳԺϢ
񰵰һ
̳£̵ͨİ˽漰֮£İӿ֮ܲ΢е绰ƳѫİµĽչѫνΪ񡢳⸸ĸİ׶
οóת⡣λŮԴӵۻûٺǰһĸߵôˡǳԼԼֵһĻҲʼԼĸòкңԶ
΢ڵ绰ｫԼ֪ѫĸйصȥ֪˳
ŵ֪ѫ촫Եɡ
ؿ⣬ȴʱüе
ǳ˽̸ŵģۣдŵһHеĵֲַ࣬жѣĸȴһ˵ʱţЩʱڿŷֱԼߵǰʱ򷽲ջء
硣ڹ
ôˣС񣿡Ż񣬾ÿһγʱתͷеʡ
ųĵ񣬺Ȼ۾Щʪæգ۾ߵߣԼĸ粢ţͷԼȹϵ֣лл㡣
ɵѾͷһˣʲôллġЦһĳ硣
Ц̧ۿŵ棬ȴҲͷԼĸ磬״µ磬ˡ
һ㵣ϵ𣿡
ţʵ˺ܶΣһֱҴӦͷǾҺȻˡ
ͷ
Ŀ⣬Ϻܿչ¶һЦݵͶ̣ٲϧǰǾ͵ָȥˡҲźԺѣҲһȥԡ
ˮ⣬̧ͷգ˼£ͷųЦ磬δӦ
ЦţĿп羪ȵ񡣵ܿ죬ǾȽҲЦŵͷ׾ͺãһֱվߡ
ЦЦȴʼҡͷ磬ҲǰĳˣѾҺܶ࣬ʵһֱҵĸܡ
Ц
ϴλԵʱʦæ㿴ˣ˵ȥˡ硯Ȼ֪ǵʲôǸ磬йˣǧҲҪź
üָ£
ЦҺ̽飬Ժ໥չˣ໥֡Ǹ磬ǶõˣҲϣԼĸܹҵԼİˣ໥չˡ໥֣ȥԼ
С񡣡Ѿסе
Ŀ˲ȴչЦ̣Ȼֻļӵų⣬Ц磬ҾܹøˣһǶԸܺúܺõˡ
һһҪס
磬ϣ׷ѰԼҸ
һһ
ų嵭ˮϢ̧֣رԼãĿ⽥̧𣬽Զ
*
HиGʡеľ룬ûƱ̳˰ձִĿĳУʿǰµڵĵַ
ַϳƴ˴Ϊ֮أλHнִʱֻɽͦɽ˼ҵӡ⿴ɽһᣬڻǼɽʰϣȻ·ȴǰȻˮƷȵٿǰʱֻǰȻֳƬ滨ݣԶ¥ʽȥΡ׳̨ۣͤ¥ٲˮ԰Եʮš
һкɽһҪϼ֣߹ʯ棬ؿǰͤһվϴͨװʳڣòЦӯӯԼ
˵ģֻһѾģǵǰ֮ʱԳաǡꡣ
ˡ꿪ڵһ˵
ʦ֪һȻ
Ҳһ㵣ü⣬ɱѧӵôңǰʵʲôʦ
ǳƺΪǴʦƣû뵽õĻشһ㶣ŶԷǰʦһֱûüлʦûйҵѾʮָм
һһʦ¶һЩΣԱһµӶһˮ߹ǰĳ⣬ֿԱߵ꣬ЦҲôǿͶ̥תΣѾǵˡ
ٶȾæȥֻǰòұ֮⣬òȴмƣ˲гǸСߡӡ
ͽɺ𣿳⾪ɡ
̾˿⿴С߷㶣΢΢һЦк⣬ʵҲôݡȳԵˮɡ
Ƭ̣ǲǰƲϣڹʵǴʦ㡢֮ǰʶң
¶ãС߻һۣջ˸ӵݸ⣬ЦǣȻңѾԼҪʲôԽʼԽǶ϶ġ


194 
ȻҲ֪, ֪Խ
Խ˭Խ꽻̸Խеľҵʲôϵ
û㣿ʵ
˭һãȻ۾ꡣ
ԱߵİӸһۡ
Ѿӿһ󾪺ѵ˵û˭ҲûΪʲôҪҿ顭
ɢ, ʼն˵ԭ
꿴ųеĲ, ĬЩ, Żµ±, Ȼˣҽ¡
һĹ¡˵, ظ
ͫ, ûдϡ
״ڵ֮⻹ǧλÿ綼йݣұ޵ΪͬУĥңֱΪ, Ӧٷ, ½λϽλ档Щλһʼ, ִ˽磬кɲ, ֮
ȻԼ硣
һ˵𡣡꿴, ޵¼, ܶ߻;Ѱٵ֮ͬ, ͬ޹Ϊ¡λҲһλ飬һ, ֮ͬλҲ
Ҳûһ㶡
ǡͷûĿùҲɣҼС߳߰˷ơ
˵С߾ǰӡĿ⻺Ƶϡ
Ҳͬǵõң£Ҳ򡣡ڳ𣺡ں֮֮ͬ⣬Ҳ˰㣬걻˴ɢɢ½ǧλ֮УӴ䲻ڡ
Ŀ˲˼
ǡ䣬лֻأҲһ˶ѡ
ĬȻ
꿴ɫͣƬ̷ŻҲɢλΪһߵת֮ʼռ꣬Ҳڴʱ֪ԤԣԼڲúΪ֮Ҳš

֪Լ㿪ʼ£һвϣѰóУսսӡΪɱ˵һҲˣλս˲ҲӭԤеĴޡ
ҲˣԼʡ
ûλ֣Խ
ѾԤУ֪𰸺ֹס꣬һڿڵʦԽǲʲôϵԽѾǳΪλڣ
ֻ֪Խ֪˭˵ĻЦ̧ۿųô롮ģ
ͻȻ֣ǿȥһ磬˵ǽһұý顣£ش
ֻһ߻䣬еֻصԺߡȻԷɢˮĻеӰѾһܵͷ
ߣѾصĻǾԽꡣ
۾
ԽʱӦΪܹѰҲǣԼն꿴ų㣬Խת
ãȻֻϡǵóĹӰȴνԽһƬհס˼üô᣿
Խֶ˵ֻһңԶѣԽתǳǡ
⼸ʦĿе֪Լ겻࣬һνûˣѽȴԭ꾹Ȼǿȥĳ
󣬾һ˵Ҫ߹Ȫ·ɹˮϴǰ䣬ŵתط˼䡣 뵱ʱӦԽ֪ԼԺ󽫲ڣǼҲŽնָӡԼתǰλѰҼҲ
Ҳǽ飿ʵԳǵһУΪʲôЩ
֮䷢ʲô£Ҳö֪ǵãȴʲôǵãǧ򻯣˭ܱ֤⣬ʼաڸԽĵ׳ΪԼԽ𣿡
Ȼ
ԽοҪôתԽô仹˭ٰＧҲռǣ˭ǵλﾲغˣ
ûص㣬Ķݻµֵ꣬õԻϲ
ȷʵѾԽ´Խ飬ǻ͵һԭѡ
ڣȴԽһϲһˡ
ɳ⼸ֹ
ȷʵѾĵʣ޼һȥ飬Ѿ޷ٰ㳹״ıݣֻ㸽ֳϽʬꡣ껺㲻صģꡣ
һ㶣Ŀ⽥
ҺСҲֻǵӵίУ֮ʱѣǧλѾŲҪٻȥҼҲҪ·
ڣкȻϣ
޷άϵԭ״꣬عλ֮ѷȴֻء꣬޷ӵУ޷һתӦûǴ˯ҿǰǸط


195 
Ϊͽ鵲׽, ֽԼ´ԵƻأǵʼûתӰֱͦ, Ŀüᶨ
áش
˵ͷ, ֿߵİӡ
֮λ϶Ļ, , ҲѾڣֻһͬ, ҵ
áٶȻش
ɢѾ, ѾġӼ˻׻ᱻ, Ϊ˲, ؼʱء
л һὫ 
ӼѾþ, ָ̧Ÿֻ֮մһƬէ, ܿ측ֳһвۣһѷӿ˺, ¶޾ڰ
ߵѷǰ
䣡кڰ˲оһϤĻ磬еʶйٵ޾ţһƬ, , ֻʣͷһ˿ѷ͸΢Ĺߡ
ƮԱӹץǺڰг֮ȴ͸, ָ©
뵽еĿģ΢Ӹ£ڴһƽ֮ϡ
ˮںڰĻϤİ

⻽
ȻһƬڰеֻļ
̧ۿǰĻ磬ʼˮƽڰĵط߻ȥ
ѷ΢⳹ʧڰҲ֪֪޾˶ãȻ̧ۣͣ½ŲǰĻ紦
Զһġе𣬡Һгң
˵ĵطڰ죬һģƮˮ֮ϻۡ
⿴ԴںסǰģƮڵͷǡǳ⣬ȥ
ȥƮɹڳǰ繣˭Ҫȥ
۽۾
ôˣ߻Ǻ޸Ʈʵֻ⣬ôˣ
ûޡ̧۵
ҪˡҼ ƮȻʲôǸǰ޵ˡ
ֹĺڰĿȴߵƮ
㾭ޣÿһζޣޣҲܡƮ૵ƮԶǶܣΪʲôҪһֱ㣿
ǰΪʲôһֱңʵ
Ʈһڲϵػ⣬ڻشҲ֪Ǹ˸Ҫһֱ㣬ܶöҪȥ
׾Թ϶Ȼѣݣжٸֻҹ
¶ãҳҲ֪Ҫʲôĺۡ˵ǲӦ÷
֮ƮѾģƮƮġ
⾧ӨͷͣԱߵƮƶ㲻ܷ
Ʈ
뿪ȥʹһһҴȥ
𣿡Ʈͣͣ㻹𣿡
ġЦβޡ
ϻᡣ

ֲ̧۽ǵգأ
Ʈųתúúã㲻޾ͺãһȥ
ЦƮתǰڲָĻ硣
ôֲˣƮʵ
ʱųҺǷˡ

Ʈͳһڵ
һߺȻһ⡣
ٶһ㶣ͷֻǰǳǳǹʱɢʱۣһġ͸ӰѾվԡ
ӰɫۣڷᴹƲĿ⣬Ӱ׿һ˫ˮǧǺ䣬ջΪӯӯЦ⡣
һա
߰ɡ˵ţѾǰ̤
ǹ֮䣬ϵɢԱߵĺڰˮ˵ĵӰˮƽϣǣ˵֣ƽˮһһǰС
󣬳Ϲˮ棬ˮƽ
ڳ˵
ڡǰӦ
תͷȴֻղ࣬ӰͻȻɢٶȻǹ⡣
ǳϡӰǹɢʧˮ֮ϣԼ͸
̧ͷֻԼʱĳͷϷ򿪣ů룬һռ䡣
ǹ⻺ڳƣʼ壬Ϩ
ӿ䣬Լĵһһ飬һһ
ӽԺͽг
ԺҵҲҵת
ԽԶҪͼҲһ𣬳۽ʲôǵ˵Ļ
ˡ

Ƭڰղǹ⣬ʰŲѷ촦ȥ


196 һֵ
ѷ, СѾȴʱ
⣬ϲػء ۣߴ
ȥ, ֻ껹վԶ, ԭİõѾʧ, ȡ֮һֱͨѩ׵İɫСޡע⵽ԼĿ⣬´̨ͤߵĻԾȥ
ü΢ЦһѽС޽ס, ڻ, С޵ë
лл⿴̨ͤһһ, Լ̨ͤѤů
Ȼع, ΪѾ, ʱ仹農΢΢һЦ, ų˵, ȵ»ָ֮ʱ, , ȥѰҽ顣
ɲǼļ, ʹĿѾһһ±üᶨ, ͷӦǡ
ǴʦˣѾ˼, ɵʵ
ߣС޵Ķ, ۾, ЦȻ֮ҺС߱뿪Ǹ硭ֻǼҲһл꣬Ϊ֮ʱûת, ӦûᱣһЩǰļ䡣
ĻԺк˵ŵĵȴѩǰеӰԼ¶ʱȻİο
꽵ΪǷֱ΢ܵ½֮˵Ŀҹ۽˾нءҲԽϷֵԭ򡣡
ͫвɭɭԼյɳյн鿴ʱĺºͿ־塣
˵Ҫý顣
һ£ָĵ׻Ӧ
ĻܵͣɫСԭ۾΢껳Ծǰʯϣؿǰͦǹꡣ
ɫС޵Ŀһٶ¶Ц̣ڳһ̽ջصʱѾһ鼮
Ѿ̳ԽΪ˷Ҫߣĳ;衣꽫е鼮ݸһĹԽ˲ѧгһط硣
ؼ˹أô˼¡æؾ
ûԽûнյҺСߣοԭԽУһвԭˡ
˫ֽӹصĵ鼮
ʱʱֵ̨ͤз紵ᴵҳ棬üֵҳ¶鼮ݣϡһ
ʶУӹ棬΢΢һ㶣ȻӦʲôʱһº
⡢⣬ԽУ
ԭء
ԤϵⷴӦЦһֽеһöָȡµǴָһЩ裬ֻʶɿ˫ޣٲЩԸ
ѾִٲԷôֱ׵˵˫ޡ֣Ų˵
ɫСȴǡ͡طһЦһΣȵٳʱȴָֻһӵģڳⱳվһƵֹġ
һֻоӿԼĿڣԭɫ̱ǹϣһ˺ĵʹó˲죬亹٣洽ףֱٵļ㣬̾Ŀڵʼɢ֫ٺէǹһһϨȥ
ѾҵϣͬԴ֮ɻгջ֣䣬̫СҲֻܳһ˺λѷ뿪ԺҲزˡ

ǹгȥؿ˲׻ǳԱߵͤվȡ
ǴʦСߴʦһһԼˡðһһ֮롭
˵
ⴹսԼ̧֣üָǰʦͨʦΪỵ̈˵亱ɱ֣׽֮ദ̶λĸֿƽ֮
һۣɱɷ壬ȷӰ̣ѳɣΪʦͨˣǲ׸ı˵˵ġ̣㶯»մȾ
ֹ
Ҳȫް취Цɷ壬ұԣɷѣֻȡϵɷһһ⣬Խ꣬ȥȡͨʦһӰ졣
۾æλ
΢Ц
ʱ֮Ѿն£ϣ·һ㵭Ľ⡣
ٶȵлһͰӵһ·ʱĵ·أ¥нԶֱһ첨֮󣬳ףֻ뿪ĵ·Ѿľڸǣǰɽɽﻹ֮ǰ쾰
һС
⿴ɫڻɽȥ
ɽ¹˵ʿHзɻGУŻʿĿȥⷵؼеʱѾҹʮ㡣
ҹıƹ߲ԶԶ·ϣ㿴̨ϳɢųƾĿ͸ããҹãԶ
ƹŮӵòͣΨһ˫۾ۿ죬˵ĽŲ¥վæй񣬳ųһЦ磬
šվ¥׿ųЦݣ͵ӦһȴһѾ¥̨С
硢㡢㡢㡭񱻳ͻĶһæ˵ƹӰĵطסԼͨ۾֣Ҫ
ŵ𣿡ʵ
šͷֺܿҡͷ̧ؿ⣬ǵûУǸ磬ҲǼˣôᱻ߱ŵ
˵ţԼ۾⿴̾ǰ񣬽ڻ
·ֻɿ磬ȥʦ˵ĵطջ𣿡
šⱳ΢͵Ӧһ
ǾͺãǾͺáţ૵ҹɫ۾Ӻˣϵͷջͺá
΢΢ɣڷŻļĿڳ۾ɨ
磬𿴣æͷҸոɳӵ۾ˣġ
úúãҲ
ӦȴһѽǰŮӵϱ
磬Ҫʲô񱻳ͻĶһæȦסĲӣŵؿųһ̨̤ıԵ
㶵ؿų⣬ȴԾ¡
磬̫ˡ̫˰е
ⱻƶĤǰ˵㲻¸ߣ
ǰҶ
Ц
쵰˵̫ߡȥҪȥˣ
磬쵰㣡
ȵȣ㣬ͷˣҪ
ۣ쿴ǲǣ
һһΣô̼

ããҹɫ£Ӱڿзӣһ·Ծɹҹ¹·ƣɹ·ŵƽʵҹУɹƽ޺˸ĸ¥¥ͣ¡
߿մ˸źơ
ڴӳ⻳С£Եһųҹ
磬ȻҵǰӣޱߵͷЦŲͷ⡣
лҪ˵ǣο


197 
ҹȴٶĳ, Ů˿ɢС
⿴ųҹգڳԱһ£ǰһҹ
ǰСʱǲҴ档ҹ峺, ӳŵƾ, ֻϧ߲Ÿ˲ιۣѵһλ, 
һ㵣ü͵͵Цⶼ֮ǰʱһɣȻǵá
΢΢һЦϲ𣿡
ϲ, ֻҪǸ, ҶϲֿǰƬ׳۵ľ
˵, յĽؿʼҡΣҺܿĸ
͸߿ϸ, ͷɻյβ, ˾ƾҲ֪˶ãȻڣ߳ȴһ׸
, ҹ磻̼ǳԶ, Ⱦ²磬ˣס
죬ֻƮ, ŷڿС
С񡣡, ſڿų۾Ҫ
áṴ۾ȴѾųĻϡ
⿴ųԼǰ˳, ϡǰ뿪ʱģ΢̧һֻ֣顣
ҹǹشӳ֡Щǹө㽥ڳ࣬ʱʱʱʱɢ·һӣųĶת
âܾһӡôðһ̾ڳ鴦̽һ¶ߣȴ²ǰ
Ŀ΢ǹѸٰΧ֮ǹⱼӿӡôεǣס
ǹ⽩֣ǹһһش֮󱻳ɢ
ˡУһ˿һƵشɢջǹ⡣
磿֮ʱһµǹӳȥ
ɷѾɢɾٺԼӰ˵̡شԺʲôɱʲộ赲㡣
硭΢΢һ㶣ץֻ
ţӦ
̵һϢ֪һֵÿĵ飬¶һЦݣڣȴԼֿʼ磬лл㡣
ɵѾͷ񣬲š
æƽסԼ磬һֱû㣬ôˣ
ҡսų֣Ŀ˲ߵüûпڣղŽĿ⿴ԶԶǳСҪ뿪ˡ
һ˿Ĭ
û¡û¡һ񷽲ض磬ֻߣҿչ˺Լ
ⰲؿԶ
磬ʲôʱһʵ
죬ȴԼסƵģԣֱԼ˵Ļ˻ƣС񣬸硢ܡܡ
ֻҪƽƽģͺܺãͺܺáѾҶԵģҶԵġ
СҲҪú
ͷӦҹ紵۾ȴԶĵƹѾһƬģٿڵʱֻһ
硭
硭硭ҡ˵һģٶȶסſڣѾȻ
§
硭ҡҡҡ硭ڳ⻳ﺿޡ
磬ǡһټĻᣬԲԣ
磬Բ𣬶ԲҲ޵ġ
Բ𡭡
磬ҡĳ˰
̣ͬ£ų⣬ʧ磬ġĺϲ㡣
磬ܸҽǸĹ𣿡
磬ʲôˣܽ𣿡
磬һһҪúõİ

ո߿˵ӰҹƮԶڣɢããҹ
һҹȥµһ졣
ͨİѾѫİҲµĽչʮǰ¼ҸҶïӴ󣬳ѫ˼ɣܿ챻鵽˶ߣͨ˾ı¼ָԼ֤׶ѫʽ
һ죬΢񡢳˸绰֪½չʱĳ¼Ѿɻ뿪GУʼ¶μƻ
΢˵Ϣһ㶣ֺܿȻ
ԳйøУΪԼԳ˽ˣȴһһεĽӴзԼͳǽȻͬˡȥҲֻм˳ֵ˲֪˵Ŀʲô
Ҳûнҿʵӡ΢롣
ûг⣬ͿΪԼçײͨɱˡ
΢һЦܰİףڵ绰ף˼ϣö;졣
л΢μԼĻ
΢һ㶣ϲ
ЦЦֺ΢˼䣬Ҷϵ绰ЦָԶߵɳ̲
Ŀʼµμƻֻһβ֮ǰ޵İ¡һȥĺգһȥȵɳĮ澰ǰ̵زԭؿһȺ֮á
ؼ⣬䣬̽գų߹һһľɫȵһȦ»صGеСѾһԺˡ
һĹ˾˴εִоΪҵȻչһ˾ϦյĲҵøӴ󡣳û뵽ԼȥһȻЧɵÿЦãƶ˾ĿĴ
̵֪ԴƸšûµľȻʦʦͨǼʦӡ
ԴܳΪŮ˳ȥӽ̸˼䣬һһټӱͨưԣܿ˸ϲӣ˻ڡ
º
磬ҪŶĳе
մһ׵Ļɴͷϴͷ볤°һŲݵأɴǵƹⲻͣ˸˶˻ƲĿ⡣
ӣⲻ԰˭񵽾͹˭ģⲻǹȻԱа￴ӱļƣæ
ֻҸ硣 
סСƫģô˧϶ָɩӵġЦشȤ
üȻһĲͷ濴ȥֻԼĸ紩װտģͦ¶Цݡ
һЦԼеǵߣҸ϶õģ
ܣ㵱ָٶȹЦ
üۺЦûٽ֣ͣ׹ͷ
һȺӵϡ
ǰ
˭˭ˣʣֳһƬ֡
ԣҲת
һγɣƾ棬иƳ̾Զۣˡ
֮£վԶ˻Ρ
¶ЦݣŰɴȹӻǰȹÿһʯܶžӨĹâ
ڲƯĸ߸ЬҸĻɴĸǰվ
˫ӣǰ³ļ
С񡣡⻽
ϱЦݣߵЦ磬ҽܿġܿġ
һúõġ
硣
һ·˳硣
*
һ˶ˡ
鷿ڣҹ£ӳһӰ
Ӱʮӷףʱ鷿һӣϸطСض࣬콵ɺһأ󣬲δŮŮ
࣬Ȼ˺һŽӵݳ̫ʲô֣
ݵͷףһ֧˯
СӰĬȻһ󣬵鷿ڶѻ簸ۣǰײһǰ˵֡
̫̫е
һײ˯ˣ۾۾гһ죺ӣʲô£
˽ӡһŴڻǰһŲñʶ˵һ֡
ɡ ۾Ųſһ¡
ɣʲô˼кʵ
ŮɣǴֵֹ˼ Ĭһ󣬻ֱ˹ΪŮĹɵģ˼ûзɺԭ 
̫˼ҶСӰ
̫ˣ
һ̫԰ǰ빬ʼνʦֻû֪Ĺֻϡ֪Գơĳ಻֪ǹҲŴճƺǰʦ
λ鷿СӰǱĽСү̫ģǺɽ콣ѩ
ѩЩεطŶ붨ڤ룬ȴ߽ۼ󣬲δŮɣ˵غֿΪղǰ鿴
ѩŽ࣬۶ѣ㲻ÿζ
ҹ£ҡҲ˽̫˵Ҫô
㲻˽ҾͺˣѩŽ
ҪǽϰɣüҲ̫ˣֶûȫö඼
ᵽ飬ѩһ㶣ҡͷˣأҲ΢еתǲҪҰӸҿ
ͷֽǰ۵˹ȥ
ʲôѩ
Сüͷ̫⼸ݶǹɺģһǹ˵Ҫһ߶˵סˣһǸոնġ 
ۣͬ
ѩųĬһᣬŷ۵ôɺôãǱ߹˺Ҳˣôӣ
᲻˵һΪʵ
˵ģ
šôۣдˣҪһ㣿
ѩ࿴˽ۡ
Σ
ֵΪǿ˲áѩԵؿۣһһµһ£ôĸɺ֮ͨ޷ɣҪͳ¡
ࡰһǽ̫ô죿
ͨȻ޷ƥСѩɨǰĹȻ۾΢΢Ҳãóһˣȥһ̽
˵ţѾȥ·ҪƵġ
̫̫࿴˵߾ߣһ㶣æ׷ϵ̫ô죿
úۡѩӭѶϣˮʯԵģ
æ׷ǰȴֻһӰգﻹ̫Ӱӡ
վ濴ŲĽӰ˺þã΢΢
ǡǻô족գ۾


198 ľ  
˵ؾܽ罣ڵĵһҲҪ
ڵһ, ѵ˵Ҳ
ʲôʲô˵˭Ҳ˭
һ£Ⱦ쳾ǵһ㡢Ͻ, Խ, 㲻Ҳɾû˵ɣ
֮ϣӰ̤ƶӿ¡
ܽ, нһ;һ·̸ǲڵĵӡ
Ⱥ, һŲڵĵӷһʮۡģ, ò˵𡰼Ҳ֣۾һﾹԳһ˿ĸо
Ҳô𣿡һʦֽ, Ȼ, ǰУϵһȥ, Ҳ˧ĸ
Խ, ʲôԱߵ˿ԼµСӾ˳Ϣ, ɵ÷, Ҳɾ, Ź¸߾, ҵȲЩͨŵ, ǴĴڵġ
ԽȸԾ϶ʱ, һҾǿһۣʲôһһˣʲô²Ⱦ쳾, Ҿ֪ʲôģûԽⷬ޶
˵֮ʱǡһȺ˲ڵԱ߹ԽüĿȴоһϮ´Լ۽·һ㶣ŲĿǰ´ȥ
´ִԶȥԽȥ֮ʱֻһذףڼ˿Σȴƺڲף¶ߡ
ţԽں˵ʲôԱߵʦһļСǼҲ

ԽڵֻϺƷƣоȼա
æջĿ⣬εضԼЬ棬һȴ̲סСĵ̧ۣǽڵԶȥķȥ
˱ӰȻǧ˺УŴɼľ룬ȴһһ
Ҳ
С
*

䣡
ɶɶ񰡣ɭ޾ Խϵش־治֦𣬷ɿظǰ治ӿ޳
ֻϧɭ޾ܼԦľԪʮޣ䵥ĲɵӺܿ취澡ϵľ˲߽⣬Խͨһڵϣǰ˻
ӣԽæסԼ۾
޵ԽԽ쵽ֻһ̾ܽԼȫɣҲһ̣ԽĶȴͻȻˡһʵǧѱӿֱ£Ȼ죬޷ŭĺС
һ㶣۴ָķ϶пǰ
ǰմһ˰ڽϣսʣɽתÿһϢһԷɳֱ޳ֱ¡
ʹ÷ɽϴŰ£ɫľ֮У˿Űյķ裬ǽѪ۷ɽûմȾһǡ
۾
޳мڷַͬһ㣬ʼȥ
޳ƽϢԽڵ۾ͷϵˣźϺϣŽгһ֡
Ҳе
յİ˵üɨϵˣתȴֹֹʵǳôһ˶ˣ
 ؾʦɢˡԽæ͵
ؾһ˻ʮΣգϽȥʦšҲ
šԽżҲͷúСϺһ
ҲֿԽһۣת׼뿪
ҲСָ˹
£ʵ
Խͷ۾ƵؿżҲ ҲǻмĻ𣿡
棿ҲĿ⵭ɨˣһŵͷ棬ֻӼԪӤϵˡ
⡣ԪӤʮǧԽڵǾƼˮҲ𣿡
ҲѾתû˿õʱ顣
ءһĸôһ仰
ԽŤ˿
*
ȻҲдͶܿԡ
ҲҴؾļƷʯ֮Ϊ͸㡣
˶ʱ䡣
Ҳȥؾ̽ˣûŶҴܵĺƬϣϲ
ָһʱ䡪
Ҳ֪֮ǰûյ˵ͻƻˣеõĻ񵤡
ûлдŵȴֲи
ҲԲ
Ҳҽˣ
ҲҽҲԲˣҺܿܿҪԪӤˣ
ҲҸоҵŵѰõһöľʵֵǮǡ㡣
ʱƣϴεؾֹꡣ֯ɽ֮㲻ϵչ¶ͷǣзͷĪڲŵԽ
Խһƽ꣬ȴڶ̶ʱ䲻ϵͻƣɷԱߵһʦֽܡ
꣬ԽҲٻصڣÿλҲˡȴһֱû£ÿȥײβ
ɽ죬Խѵûˡ˲ɵĵۣԼʰøɸɾأھǰת˺üȦ
ڽھٰ죬ڵӿʼдԡвٵԽͶ۵Ŀ⣬ȻԽȴĿһֱû뿪ǵɫӰ
Ӱȴûп˲ڽϴ˰ᣬһȻڵĺɽȥҲûл
ԽϣĿ⽥ջǹҵҲ
ɽǽŵӵԽǰݷüҲʱвһ㿴һ⣬Լһ´϶˻ԼңɼĴڡ
ҲҲڼ˼ҲԽĻȴסˡ
ţû뵽Լһõ˶ԷĻӦ
ԽȻ̧ۡ
ҲѾתһ䣬һ˫̶ˮĵԼϡ
ϻһذףԽ濴һۣŷһľͷ̵ذס
ףҲʲô⣿ذ׹СɣԽҲ»ţæʵ
һľƵذף̵ֵģԵһеҲȻشˡ
Ҳֵ̣Ҳǻڸֵķѽ
šЦЦеľذԽķȥ
ҲʲôҪذ׸ҵ˼ǡԽп˵ͣشŹ
ҲһЦƽʱʱççײײ
ԽסһګګҲô֪çײ
Ҳϵ䱻Цڻ
ԽֻԼڴʱһ̱һ÷̧Ŀ⣬ڵؿǰˣ⣬⡭Һϲ
˫ֽӹҲݹľذף䱦һģĿһһɨϷЦݵҲһҵĶԽһһúصġ
Ҳü΢չԽЦݡ
ԽסľذףĿԽԽᶨżҲҲ㻹ܵȵһŬڵġ
ʵҲõ̫ãȻʲãһúģŬľ硣
Ҳʵʵһ𣿡
ԽżҲڼҲЦĻظ
ãҵ㡣Ҳص
*
ܽ磬ͨ
˰ִվ»
ҲˣûгٵҲɽˣ

Ҳû£û£˵һվȥģ
*
磬γɡ
ҲȺɱˣߣҸϺ󣡡
ҵߡ
УˣҪһҪһߣ壡
*
ƽ磬һͨ
Ҳúһˡ
šЦ
ڿԲõһߺòã
ȵȡ
ţỹȰɣ
ͷİӣֻ˷˳ڣʣǰӳԼĲƵͻͻ
ԱߵЦһȻؿ꣬ǰһǡ
Խ

ҵ°ɡ

ԽĿȻǰץסҲؿ˵òһһֵҲ˵ġ
Ȼ£һӶ֡
Խ


199 ع
ݡ
λɽϷ, ǾͨҪǳ֮һн轭Ӻϣƾ轻ͨˮ, չΪó׵ĸ֮ء
ʱݶһɽϣһڹٵߡȥǰǷ澩, ڹٵȴù̲ס࿴ۡ
ԭ򵹲Ϊ˳ж, Ϊͷ, ֻȼ˻Ὣͷ⣬ͷȴʮֶ̣ͷֻάֵ, һ׺˵ǳˣֱȺеͷҪһЩ, ҴȻͷܶ, òȴǷ㣬ģûйı, һ׿ĸо
ڹٵѾһЩʱ, ߱, ڼԶһջڹٵԶ״ܿջȥ
͹ҪʲôС˳ǰӭ̧۲˵ʱ򣬿ϵĶ̷Ҳ㶡
Ҫһ࣬ټͷ룬, ҪһˮͷСֵܰҴ
˵ţͳˮҡ
ˮҿȥͨ˵һ޶, С㶡ϡǵ͹ٽŵʱֿտգǴӣˮôģѵ©۾
ֿǰ꼸ۡ
һЦݣͳͭ塣
õĿ͹٣͸ˮȥСһ죬Ż񣬽ӹˮң갴żĿǮæﷹ˵ͭ嶼öһӣǰǸˣ͹ټ¡
긶Ǯֶ˶٣ٿһۼƣǮѾҪһ
͹˵ļ۸ɣСͨҪƤЦֻҪֺ֣۸ͻǡ
һ㵣ںţ
Сͷֻɺ˾֪飬ǰȴ֪𾪵ӡ̫ǰɺˣѵ˵Ǳӵģܶ඼û߳ҪôҪô·ϣ칫ģѾȫûˮԴˡ
΢΢ۡ
ԶҲӰ졣 Сָָӵ͢Ҫ˰Ҳûа취顣
⡣Ե˵ͷǽϵͭȥֶͭ壬ǴС
л͹٣ҶͷСǮüЦȥˡ
΢΢һЦܿһڿλϣſջ̫
ƤƫףһųԷԵóڣ͸ϣ˵ģͨ͸۾ӡ⣬Ҳ֪ʲô
ǰոպͳ𣬸ųָ»ص˽ڵ磬ִλȴھǣߵһ䡣
ׯ뾩ίʵңԶڵĳΪһ·УҲҪʱաոѣҪ룬Ϊ
·ϲЩ㣬ൽû˵Щﻻϣһ˴Ӷ߿ʼѰȥ
ʱΪֳѾһʱ䡣ǰһ£⵽ʱֵûеִﵽĿĵء»ⱾΪӦѾ꣬С˵ڶ񻯡
죬һǰѾʼӿ뾩ǣǳֲƽѣ»ˡ
ü˼ʼĹе·ͼ
һСѾˮҺͳʳ˹ͬʱջҲйˣҲǷ糾ͣɨһλãջλѾΨڵпλ˹
Ӵλүѵ ҪЩʲôСһ˷Σǰ
˵ү̧֣Աߵ˿ȥȻϴźɫ·һк˷ƵʽǵطĹԱͨʽĺ£Ǹõۡ
ϵС˻Ϊ׵ĹԱڣ·ȴ˻һ㿴ϣܹ˱ɡ
Сͳܿע⵽Աˡ
Աȥʮģʮᣬʱһȴȫ࣬ߵףǱ˴һ
С㶣ȴʻæȥкˡԱ߷߷߲ƽһƫֵ£޺޵ӣƴˣּ̫ɶˣǹƣѾβǷѵȥ
һӣ㿴Լϵİ˼£ϵͷҲ
㶣еͷ˺һƬ
ҲڴʱԱߵįlҲһŭ죬ûȴǽԱһǰּҾȻҶԳ͢ٶֱ֣̫
һ
ⲻɵöɨߵۡ
ۿȥʮֻӣ˵ĹԱ˿Լˣֿ۶ŵĳ⣬æ۴λȰοˣ취Ҳ򱧲ƽˣЩɡ
ǡǡƴһΪҪƪӣۼƴˣǽƽװһٴѵŹּң
ƽװֻҪ֪زᡣƴ˰Ƿģһȥұ㽫ּҷˡ
˵֪شˣ۵ǰ࣬ۺ۸һֿۣƴϵĺףȿڵƴˣǶ죬֪ش˵Ͳ˵һֻ֪ۼּͷôãҲû֪վֻǽǶ취
һ̾ԱҲݣֵҪ˵ּ˲ҳһǸֳ裬ҿڹٸͷϳܣ
ٶȶס
˵ˡﲻ˵µĵطƴ˿ǰ̷ĶæסҲۣ𣿡
ҲЩôĵҪҰͲþˣʢô磡۹
ⲻɫ۾
ƴɫһ䣬æײײ۵ĸ첲
ű죬ƳһԼ߶⣬ȴԷƤûֻ̧ԹԵسͷ
Ŷ̷ģֳڣúܣһıʿӦˣʲô
۱ߴű룬ҪߴٵСϲˡ
ÿÿҲڴʱջִһ
ɫһ䣬æſڴȥֻջһ˽һȺʮˣų󣬸սűſһŵӣѵһ졣
첻ν󣬶ʱÿջò͵ͣ˶
ɫͬʱһס
üͣ¶ʶѾڽɨһ顣
Ⱥ˴ŵĶͳһ۵ķΣΪ׵˿ȥʮָߴĿڿջѰԼڵϡ
ӴƴˣǹȻ µĹԱۺֿЦҺҡ
˵ӱߵɫ˲һ䣬˲վץϵߣᣬʲô
ƴ˵ǰ棬ǽ顱ĹԱͫҲһεضˡ
ῴǽŵӣЦЦݸ󣺡ʲôȻǸҼʢүš
еͷ
ǰҲվҪʲô
ү˵ŶִİĹŶϷųЦݵ ⲻǻȥŶֵǧӣǽҪŷ뿪


200 
Ļһ, ڳ˶ʱɫƴ˵ʱ򷭵ģĽӣ
ᱧЦΧסһӡ
żƿҪ, Ա߻ڿֵףå, Ѿв͵͵뿪һջ¥ԭλþȻȥ˴롣
״ӵ⣺ү, ǽ첻Ҳû˭߲ˡ
һµнʲӣôһǧӣɫѾף, οԵּҾ˰, Ҳ˼ߵڰף
ƴ˵˼ǲǮ
巢, ˫ֿסǣ⣡бʢȲһ˰
Ǻ, ⻰㵽үǰ˵ɡĿ¶һ˿׺ݣҴߣ
һۣͷȻ˻㡣ԱΧ۵ԽԽ٣ֻеСϰ弸Զ, һֹģ
ǸңæԵߡ
ССιҲҺү֣Ц
åݶһĵͷ, Ͷʢǰţ̷ʩ
ֲּ£顢 ץ
̻мܣЩ, Ըһ죬ˣջҲϴأƷ
ֳһƬǽ壬ΨһĹٲֻּֿǰҵֵһˣåĿ
һߺ󱳱͵һѣǰһˤǰԭİྡ򷭡
ճ˹ٷòǽ壬ϡǵ¶λ̷ģʱҲûʱȥ˵Щæվᣬٶ¸浽֪ȸţ
֪ҲҺ; һ˵ϸ桱۾˲С
һʢΪ֮ܣ˽˽Ρ֪治ǣٱ浽ǣ浽͢ξҾͲʢһ첻ɣ
˵Ȼ˲ЦһץԱߵľ̳飬ҿǻ˰ɣ
鿴ЦݣжʱһԤУȷӦʱֻᾹȻѾһ̳յǰ
ƴˣСģԱۿһæеԮȴѾ̫ˡ
ҪǱ̳ҵҲˣæ˺һȴѾоۼ̳Ҫҵϣ۾
ǰǿķһᣬԭԤϵʹûг֣̳Ҳû
۾һ㶣ﻹûʹѵѾˣȴ
˭ȥá
ΪʲôҪ⻰Ҳһ̣һİ
͢ɱ͢ȥƽֱȥûʲôУڸ˵λƣĿŵض֣ðɣ
һ㶣Լûæۿȥȴǰִ룬ŵľ̳ͣڰգֽ֣һ˫ǿ׳ûѾ̳
ˡ ˳ȥֻԭĶ̷ʱһܵķ
Ҳˣո˺Ķ֡
Щ㶵ؿǰĶ̷ꡣ
Ҳڿ̷̷꣬꿴ȥǿ׳Ӱ࣬ҲһмעĿٶЦмҴľɽ߻ʵԶµһģ
̷껹ǿֲš
Գû˸˼£޷ѣɫ̱亮˭￪үҼסˣٲ߿Ҳһ򣡡
̷Ȼջʳĳ⡣ԭȱʢѾʵ⣬ʱ˫ͻȻͻĹҪڴգгֹ
һ˶ԺķʩΪ׼ʱԼϴ˿סɵе˿ȥ
۶ʱоѹСȥҲδؿţֳֵ֮ǰһӳԷˣȻҲһ¡
ţǶѾֹһˣ˶֣Ҫν
Ŀⶼڳϣȴ̷ڵϣȻЦŶԷϸһ˿Ц⣺Ŷɽ߻ʵԶ˵ҲǡȻҪҲ㡣
һ㶡
Ѿ£ָ⡣
еǧ֮ʯҲƿǰ᲻һ˶ѣʱоԼͷϴ׶ĵʹ
ʧУۣ֣
Ц˲佫һᣬֱӴλ˳ȥ
顪 һ·ײӣһײջǽϣջҳҲ¡
еľ̳Ҳ˦˳ȥڵϷѵ죬شڳÿ˶
ڳɫסһ˲뾲Ĭ
˺һǰ汻ҵĺǽ߿ʼʹڰĿռԵΪۣ㡢㾹ȻҴңϣ򣡡
µ̽ķΧȥ
Сģû뵽ôչģ˻ڷ㶵״ְ̬ԼĶ̷⵽ָ˵Χæе
ġġָոѿڣֿܿΧŶ̷Ҳһһ˳ȥ
ʲôӿⲻ¡ʲôΪˡʲôӲҪȥʢĻȫ˺
ҲŴ͡
ԶһֱΧۡҸĵСŵø
ٶȿǰĶ̷֮꣬ǰͨˣڿȴ굥һһ˵ĳ
һָʮ˶ӵǰ޺мӵָҲû⡣
ԭֵĿջ˲üȹ죬֮Ȼȫָ۵Ͱһʼŵĺһ仰ҲٳؿǰͻȻɱˡ
֪δһʼһһɴװ
þ˵ųĶãʶʵ⡢⡭ӣҪʲô
ָˣŹ͢٣ɵѺηнʾЩ˴ãȴ֪ع󡣡
˵ĻȫһڵһСǡǹӣ֪˭𣿡
˭תͷʵ
ʵ飬ҧҧһ⣬Сģ֪ǾֳĵܵʢϵۡʢĸʮֲǵģҪСİ
ǰߣʱԴѹһ˵һߺ¡̷üϲ⾴ʱûĵܵܣһʢô£
鿴˵ֱֹʢ׺;ֵܡ
𣿡Ĭһµǻ׷βɣ
΢㵣ܿҡͷǷ䴫ţȻһֱϢ˵ѾûΪɥҲпܻŰ


201 ʢ
˵, ʶؿһߵĶ̷꣬ȴ̷۾΢Ƹһ
𣿡ע⵽Ŀ, ̷ͷ˹ǡ
˴Ӹոտʼϱûʲô飬ʱЦݣȴ֪ľЦЩˡ
ǰЩ, ŵ˻˵һûҲ֪Ϊʲôǰ˻, ̵, ӡ⡭Ǻã
, еɫѾתͷˣЦЩڴ˵, ȻӦʰҽ˰, ֻѺ⵽ǡ
û뵽Լ˵ôһ̷ͨӾȻһʱԡ
Ĭһ󣬹Ȼ˶Ŵһӣĩ˰øոŰĺᣬתͷ飬ֿۡ
, ˭Ѻ⣿
ͬ
ü
Ҳϲķչȥ˹ĵĶ̷꾹Ȼкͽϴһ书ֻǺ죬еˣҪûн֮Է, ǿɲǻܵȺҲܱ⡭
⡢λɵվһڻվ˰ˣᶢˣҲô࣬ѺѺ
˵ţȡߺվһȺָۼ۹¶˿мּԱߣз׻ǰӡ
վĩϣ󣬼۹Ц𣬿˭֪룬Ա߱һѳֱϣžһ졣
һʹ裬ֲҽһߴȥȴѾӶ̷еݻۡǶ̷һߵһ߻ڽͿϺϾȻǡ˲֣Ҹôһ仰
𡭡̷ܸʲôΣĿɿڴشӶԷӹߣﻹǷҲûǰǣ߾ںǰȻ
˴޺޵һ۳⣬⿴¶Է¸ְԼ۾ˣæջĿ⣬һȳһյظڶĩˡ
һָʮ۵־ƽϢջĿ۽ѺĵϣֿջĶ̷꣬·ڿһ
̷ȴһ㶼⣬СһӸϰΣͷк顣
ƴˣ߰ɡе
ҪģԵҲûˣʵ
㲻ǻ˰ûգȻ˺ᣬʢ֪¿϶ưոݣᣬҰȥˡ

һᵽʢͷ㤣뵽ոּұǼ£æסԼ׵ӣԥʢа裬¡¡
߰ɡٶȴߴٵ㲻·Ҿֻһ··ȥ
ããҴ·ţæϣԼĻ˵ʱһָоԼȫ˵ͷ
þĵܵܶŸɣһǷ˲Ҫɴñˡ
ǰ˳־ûüл
һ·һŶ̷뿪ջأ뵽ԼδֻԼǰ;ãһƬڰ
ԱߵĶ̷ʱʱػ⡣ⶼǹĽģЩҲйּҵ飬󲿷ֶ֪飬һߺЩȻ֪һʵؽ˻ش
˻شʣ֪Լ뿪Ժ顣
ڳԺȷʵѾ飬ûж⹫ֺּҲûΪٰɥ¡ǾţѾһʱûг˵ǰ˭֪ʵô
ֻ֪꾴µսΪиϵõȼãѾкү塣Ȼڴ󲿷ְնôʱƽȴͻȻһ棬Գʢֳͬĸĵܵܣһݣ£˴˴ĵƦåʼ˷˽ε⡣
˰Դһ ǱҵʢкֺУܿ콫ֱӰƽص˰롣Ǹ˰ι٣ʢĳͻѾһ죬ټ⼸أҪֿץ˵طĸ˰գ֪ͷѹţòŵµĹԱ취Ǯ
ǣʢǷ˰ʢˣֱ֡ʴջԷ֮ǰѾʢһܣ䲻ô˺˳
ιٵλѰգƽʱδ˽йүĴڣΨʢﴦڣΪʢͷһֳ裬ֻøŭԣĬĬسԱ񡣶ʢɺ׷Ѿжд̣֮졣
Ψһҵǣһͻ°·ɱһ̷꣬Ϊõ˵ӡ
ĬĬ˵Ѿ֪ȥ뵽ʢ۾Ҽǵ뿪֮ʱʢ͢ξţû뵽һȥȻûǽѵ
д£һ㶣⾴ĵܾܵȻйʱüҺҲ˵ʢǴӾǷġ
ʢֳĵܵܣ˵ٻֿɵã䡱ίʵ˷˼ֻгףڳԺ͢ξ˵׻ǹ˼ʢܵܵݷʢھ̽ԼͷΪŽųǡ
ϧǽɽ׸ıƣʢ˾ǣСطʼҸӱ䱾
ˣǾʿ˴ĻȻʵ
ţǰھǴͷʱѾֳ裬û˵ԼʢĹϵ
ʶ͢ξˣԤ¿²ˣ˴ͷ˵͢ξܰٹ٣ûзסʢ
⿴鼸ۣŵģЦЦģʢԺƲˡ
⡭ֹίʵǷĲ£ȴǰһŴԺڵ·ߣۡɣæͣӣǰָˡ
ɨ˸ִۣۡ˴ĸۡȾǵָĻҪų⸮ۡǰ˿أ滹ͣһ˳ѵţſڻڴӸһһؿ
ſ˰̫ʦţһ߿۰һߺȲ裬ǺȵҶܿ޵һԱһڣֵأôµģȥʱôû˵ĸ첲Ȼ
úݣϻһ˿鲽ķָ̧ǰ˵ʢ㡢㡭
һ·Ķʥ飬໰ںôҲ˵̫ʦϵԱߵĿ⿴ϣЦ˿Ӵⲻƴ
ЦţĿȴһɨոһ߶㣬кôţźô
ʢ㡢㡭ػ˵Ĳ⼸仰ʢģֿǰ˽ε㾹ڹ컯֮·˽Σ˰Ҵڲˡ
㵹ǰץ˰ʢ·˸ЦҸֳ裬Ǿ㿴˭Ҷң


202 ȥ
δ˺޳֮, һ㡱֡
ָʢȴȻоϵļһ£˴ļǰ
һ, ٿʱֻ˴߹, վԼǰ˶̷, Լ·ꡣ
˾Ȼվˡ
˭ʢע⵽վߵˡ
Ⲣûлشʢʻϸһ˿ڽ˵Ǿĵܵܣھǵʱ, ɲǵþгϹܵܣ
ֳ֮òظ¾ǵеϢĶ֪ʢɫȻһ䣬ٶӴǰꡣ
ǰ˿ȥǿ׳, üĿȥǿʣòȴýǵԼھǼһʱɵ۾ӱǿ﷢һߣ֣ʢҲ, Ƕһ, 㻹мٲɣ
˵ھǽ辴ͷְթƭ, ͢ξץк, ¾Ҳ֪, Ҳûг汣㡣ֵ
˵ʢӼ, 顢ɫ¶ȡԷǬ㿪ʼ٣ʢȻ飬˶ǵһţ𾪵ؿ, ֿ̫ʦϵʢ
ʢû뵽ǰ˾Ȼ֪ԼھǵΪɫ˲̫࣬ʦŭ˵ Ǿ׵ܵܣҺ;
ֻЦ߹أΪΪĵܵܣΪһֱȡ˵㵱ںʱôԸνĸţ
ȵ鷢ֳ軹͢ξʱ򣬵ʱһѧӵܴһôֳ裬еʢࡣֻǺʢҲһʸ竡ʵǾԶʱἰʢٶȱɫ͵شλվųʲôˣּҵҸ׶ᣬʱҪһ˲죿
ֺҪҫּ鹣ӣֻݰӣԺǳʧ
ʲô⣬Ҳ˵ּңʢϸһ˿ֺˣˣ£
ڰ˽εļֵʱ˶ʱʢæеĻӦһΧȥ
⻹վԭأЦʢƴҲ˵ˣմҳڲ÷˽Σÿ˰þڶŹѺڣ䡣
˵ʱ治ɫ˼̷ֵӣʱ¶ԷںԿûйעʱ¼ֻо⣬ȳȣн˧֮磬ƲĿ⡣
˵ʲôģ鿴˵ĻﰵѵǾе٣
̧ۿųĺ󱳺Ͳֻǹʢߵۡ
Цץסݺݵش򣡡ʢЦ϶۷ʩ
һӵϡ
ʢЦ̷ոڴ֮ͥµ˵ԼȻҪöԷ³ζкһ۶ǿ׳ļҶ۴ϻ϶Ƕ̷Ҫռƣһ̷ꡢһټһõȫ׾ٵ顣
ţʢַŻЦؿǰ汻Χסˡ
˶̷鱻Լ˱ĳ棬ҲһϵЦûȫǰȺȴȻһҽУ˳ʹ󺰳
ɫҲġ
ʢһ㶣۳ķȥһ㿴ǰһҽУһؿˣԼֱӴȺǰŷ˳顱һԼǰ
顢顢顣ص졣
ʢЬǰٶȳڵʹһŵۡ
ô£
ʢٶ̧ۣȺǵɫӰţλüûжõվţһ˿η壬վλúҲûб
ǰ̷һһԼɳȥ۸˻һЩ۰ʢǰ˿ڰ
ʢΧ̷껹ûеӵʱ䣬Щոճȥָ۾ȻѾȫ
Ѿʶʱĵ׻ǲо𺳡֮¶ʢȴǵһһ㶣ĿɨذŵԼˣֿǰĶ̷꣬ϸոշЦʼһһ㽩Ӳ
ֶһ
㡢Ҫʲô ʢӣȻʶһԤС
ɷ£ʢҸƴȥôȥһˡ
㡢㡭㵽ʲôˣֵʢˣǰ̷ò뵽˸ոյĳ֣֪ȻһϤĺ֮⡣
ճ⣬˵Ǻֳͬһ֡
ʢ۾ǰˣԷòʮİ۾ǱĿ˲뵽ֳģ
ֳԵԺ䣬ҲɫȫǰǸ۸ӣ͢ξʱص࣬һȺ޵
ǹʢԽԽֻоһɱУһæתͷȥ
Ż·ӣȫû뵽Լһ̫ʦΣһӣ˴Ҳǡ顱һڵϣˤһбǡ
Ѿʢǰ
ʢ͹˹ģȻһ£³ŴѪԼһ㶣ּӰϣæڵʢǾĵܵܣֳĵܵܣǻŵˣǸңҿϺҸôǣ
˵ôгвͺ⣬顢һģȻ̷ȴ˿ûо֮⣬Ѿǰһѽʢ
⣡ҼˣţҶҸͻ壡ʢߺʹ
ãҵͻ㡣һŰߵһߡ
㡢㡭ʢһѪĭ³ԭҡҡ׹ֵһš
û˾㣬ʢúһѹôûпǱģ
⣬Ҽסʢ˼£ɫȴԽԽףŻҪȴѾֱӴĴ˺²һԶ
ءû˵꣬ʢֻʣʵ
ȴʢôһѽһ·ק
ѾٶȿĿɿڴǳڶʢֵʱȫѾ㶵˵ڿջͺĳͻѾʢǳոѾȫּҵһ顣
Ȩ죬ǵּңº롣
ֻͷĿѣ鴫ȥʢ֪²ְסݣؿų⣬̲סʵ¡¹ӣҪʢصظ𣿡
ǡ⿴ۻʢһһš
ʢһǲˣĿȴԽǶ񶾣ɨڳˡ
һߵ顢ľսһᣬ׻С⡢ʢôιزס
뵣ġҽؽԺһԸ͢ξĹһ⣬˹ˡ˽辴Ϊ˵֪Ȼ£ʢҲƲˡ


203 ϲ
͢ξһչĴ, չգݴǵϵǻ֮ĸԸʱԴ ǬȨƵ, ڳҲǵλ߳, 䲻ܻϷԺĳ̶, ʱҲմȨԶĴ󳼵Ĵڡ
鷢ԵջԷ֮, ķչѾȫѳ, һ£ȻϵùˣǾǵĴ, Ȼʶ
ǰ꾹ȻϵùĴڣ˭
ʶգδػʶڵͷȽʢѺ, ͢ξ˹, Ȼз
鿴ǰĶ̷ֿ꣬ʢ, еĺɢһЩ, ͷӦ, һ·
ڵһмصĵط, ˵λݶߣ·̣ó׺ͺϵĵλãҲ㸻ԣѺ˵ִõʱ, в˳ԭǺ淢ʲô£۴ʢ̻ӣʢһ˫ӵɨ, ˵ֲҾֻۣվԶС
⵫ˣ֪һпʢСس¡һ·ʢڿǰһſѾʮˣ۴ĺˡ
۴ʮеʱҲոյִòһӵʱ䡣ſڻмվźµĹԱվţźɫǺῴǵûк£¶м֮ɫǱǿ׳쿴̫
ѾǼص缲õ֪شΪͷۣһ߲һѯ֪һİǽŵðͷ亹ϸѯص㡣
Ϊ֪ȻҺ;ĵܷܵ壬ʱڶһ߰СιپԼ£һôˣûһСιҲˣԱ߻վۿ˵ﻹһˣּҵĶʢ
֪пһ£һԼɴñǿײˣűץʢʢԼ£ֿ֪صӣص
ѣֱǰ֪شкҲû֪ؿ˵㡱ȥظΣʢӽС
һ·ڳ棬е磬Ѿʼ˽ǰλ̷磬ԥǳų¹ӣʢ̫ⷬȻ׽ס¡һ˻ɵݣû͢ξͽų
˵֪أʵ
ΪѣʢԼ׺񣬻һĵͷص֪Ǹ֮ˣˣʢҲΪôá
ˡһ˵һ߽ԿԿұܣ֪ؼ뿪ţҲͨͬ⡣
һڣʢְ˽ŵسԼеĲ飬СˣǰͰͶι㣡ţӳһ
ɫѿվߣȻһɵϷףѾصʢŰɣۣһ
˵ţٿʢ̧۳¹ӣԻرɫҿˣӦûҵסɣ繫ӽվҼΣ
ʢͻȻʵ⣬ⱾûаŽƻг֮ڣʱʢ֮ȷʵѾ뻹ǵͷӦ
ϲæų뿪Σȥ
ָֻܿƽڣһ߲ⲽһ߶߶ذн˵ʮ˴һ飬Ҳڳ뿪õİõķϡ
ʱϦ£ͱȾССسǣովڷϵĸϡͷһ򵥵ĺ첼ţϴһ£֮¶Ƥò̧ۣӳϦ
ʢôĵܵܣ
촽ȴԵЩԣȻͷһᣬоЦ⣬һ֮УṦƬۼ
ϦĺļӰû˺ӵΣûгеСسǳĵøİ
*
Ƽңļӭ˳Сιټһĸ׺һڼҳҵڵĸԺСȴþԺе߹ңҲո£ȥʮϲ졣
ΪʢϹ˲ʣĸ׺סһѯʣ˵շ顣ĸ֪ԼĶӵ˵ͷߣһģ˳æмߵס
æĸ𣬵ƼҶһмӣֻŷӲ⣬Ժڵĺ첼̲סѯƼǷʲôϲ·
ĸŵĵܿЦԭʵ顣ʵЩϵϲƸǵġ
ϲƣƺʱ򣬲ɵ㶡
֪ĸЦָָڵķϣʢûй֮ǰǮĻǵϲơϲƼҲᣬݳֵ̾Ǽҿģ֮⻹ǿɽҲҲҵʵǮúܡҪˣ˵ҪϱףⲻɰϲƸ˻ˣҰͼϲ졣
Ӳ𣿡ʵ
ǲǡӿгϢǺǼͬһ꿼ĻԣںѾ浱˸٣ýĸ㿴ⲻϱֻˣҲǼûϢڻǹһ
û뵽ԼһѯʾȻˮԼϣϽһԼĸס
ɲѽң˵͸ϽԼҸĸԼ½ǣɾһֽԼĶĵЦſҿҲҼ֪࣬ûл䣿
ſЦãʵϵӦñ黹Ҫϼֻ꣬ڴ꣬òûжĸıѡʱĸ˵ЦŽԼûгɻ飬ǵĶ
ĸһֻۣļҵС۹ôáѾˣҲ棬ֻʲôŮӻǰӡ
ոںʢŵʱʮֺ£г࣬еηҲɢĶһӣغվһҲܺһ¸ηɡ
ﰵ롣
⿴Ƽ˵Ŀ⣬֪ᣬȴҲûн͡еֻнһˣֻǽ鲢ŮӣǺһˣǰ˻±޳Ȼףͬһ
Ƽ˼䣬ֽʣǰ˵ĸдһš
պһ°꣬Ӧϵּǿؾͻ֪ԼѾ֪ԼҲӦû֪
⿴ԼһСۺã顣鿴дż㣬ȥվʹǧҪĵǡ
һҹܿȥ
ڶճѣȻƸӵĽŲԼѵ
һ㶣ԭΪǼصʶȴŻŵܹ
ˣˣһһߵʢˣ


204 ǧ
ô£ⰵв鿴Կ, ֻǴԼߡ
ոմϻðź, ˿¹, ʢ¹ȥɣ
һֹ, ȻᵽԼķţü, ܿ˵ͷһװƸ
Ƹ, ˣǴõķ򴫳ġ·Ҳ̽ͷ, һָָһȥһ󣬱㿴ôŴһ߸߹ڷ
鿴ǱҵӰ, Ų԰ָһ磬Ŵα㱻˿ˣʢ˷˳Ǹŵ˾ǡ
Զָ, һ˿òСӵʶֻһ۱ɨſڵʢȫ㣬׻Ⱪ¶Ұֻһ߲סǰɫ, лһ鲼һ˵ţ˫Ŀ¶־壬ǰ۵ԽԽ, Գһᣬֻ޲þ͵ʧ
໹һúīдšеһɰ顰סĸ֡
⿴סĸ֣ͫһȺпȥһѵѵšͷòݲݵţǰ鷢¶һģݰףƤ𪣬Ȼʮ졣
һǴﴫġ
ѾȦȦذôŰΧжʢָָģҲпź˽ġʢһ꣬һ³˶񫣬ӣһһſʼ໥²˵ݡ
״æųȺмȥ
ڴʱõҲѾ˹ȳǵصξ
˭Ѿ˺һõʣࡣʩʩȻԼĺ·ĿȴûŴξȥֻ̧ɨˣ˹ǵ֡
պֻһˡ
Ӵ󣬵ȴ˵Ķξ϶ʱһΧ۵ɫʱþ죬һһǰ˿ʼͷӶ
ţ֡
ĸֶǡסĺ֮ǰµһǾ
ôᵽ
˵屡죬ѵǴʢģ

ͬпˮһͣšվȺ˵˵ʶٶɨԳֳˡ
ǰ˳ȷʵֳһģһǳ֪ԼǳⰲţΪǰԼ׹ڵǾ»˻
ǰġֳ衱ʮţûصرܿȺͶĿ⣬ʩʩȻشһȣԼǰҡҡλףʱһֱΣûл˼ʢ֮ӣøλܿˡֳǸ
Żġ
ڳٶ𾪣ЩҰ֮ûȥǣʱֳüĿЦЦȻȻĺʹ˵еĺүһʮò
үǧꡣڳҲ֪˭һ䣬Աߵ˶ʼŰݵ
ųǰߣնԾлȴùŹ֣ʢѾ֮ԷΪξҪ˴£Աߵ˶˶ҲæǰҾ
ظǰֳ񣬵ȵʱȴվûжλȹĶ˴ʱüǰľĿӡ
ʵԵЩͻأôġֳ衱Ѿ۾˹
ǰô˵ҲǾæ³䣬ʾҪ;Ÿɣû֣ǾѾеصĹԱڣ
һ㶣æǰȥ
һ˵ע⡣ֳ衱֮󣬺֪ܿءξ˷׷վ˳
¹ٲμӾ˶ǰľٶ
ֳ衱ɨǰʮСԱϸֳһ˿ЦصĹԱǺģʢĶԲΣƾΪʳĸٵ𣿡
⻹Ϊʢĵܵܡ֪亹乣æߵ׵үˡ¹һʱͿ˴¡
˵ţæֿ˼ͷԱߵ˼״һһģԭ¡
ֹ沨Ҳſ˼ͷ
ֳ衱۾ûд֪صˣԱͷĵòˣŵҲգҲҶʢ˰֮¶޿ˡҲȱ֣һ۹Ļᡣ
үܷԸһɿڣ֪ص۾˲
ֳ衱ʢ˽Σӱ˰Ѿ˰գҪʢҲ鲹˰ˣЩ˰ƱҲ롣
áá֪æӦ
æȴԼиСιվ˳ֳ衱һֵүʢĿ֮ԶʲЩ˰ҪĸۡҲ޷һĶĿյʱ
Сι˵Ŵȥʢ˰顣
֪һȻû뵽վֳ衱ҲüЦǺôֻҪǱ˰겻ɣҿصĹҲϸûһˡ
Сιһ㶣û뵽ֳ衱ȻĻش
飬£֪ؼ״æһšֳ衱ֻɹάүģǺүõ˰ֻ಻١
ֳ衱һЦ
վȴԽԽùŹ֣ǰġֳ衱ү鲹˰ҲʱҪߣЩ˰⣬үߡ֪ô죿
ֳ衱۾ȴЦ绨㻹±㲻ɣ֪ҵͷҼɡ
лǾһ˿ѡȻ뵽䴫žѾˣǲ֤ʵţΪʲôȴһֱٳٲ¶棬ҪȵڡƫƧĵط
ү²¡黹˵£ȴͻȻһ
ֳ衱ЦѾʰһͷа㻹˵ʲô
¹١¹١ʱоѹʼ𱳼һɳصѹӺв±
ûĸоֻܵҪɤۣòӡҲڴʱһϤٶ
˵ǣƹ㣬κδ׼Ųù˰˰ҲһشǾⶨģӦ֪ɣ
⻰˵˿ûη˼ֳ衱ȻԴȥֻ˵˾֮ǰվŲĶ̷ꡣ
Ȼ֪Ǿ˷ҲΪϰ¡ӵһۿ̷꿪ʼֳ衱ô˲˵пһȴЦ
֪ʢҵ˰Ҳƽ𣬿ɹ±գʵ
ֳ衱üǰûжþ̲סںͼصĹԱ˵˭
ѾȺ߳ʱǰװԼ˵ģܿЦʶˡ
ֳ衱ɫһ䡣
ٶȿˡֳ衱һۣµǺԵǰ˻Ǹװ磬û뵽վȻڴ
ʶңֳ衱Ȼ档
ȻһѣƽʱϲýЩ¼š¼һǧ򻯣ϲǮƣºǧѡ˵˵ǲǣ


205 
Ļ, ֳ衱ɫٶһ䣬ͫ׼
ڳں͹ԱҲһ㶡̷Ǵ˶߳ģȻ, ۴ͷĳ̻ǳڵòǳбʶ, ʢˡ
˿⣬, ɲΧҲվ, ۾ų⣬˼ųĻʲô˼˵ʶ, ɾھǰ棬ȴûֱ, ѵ˵ǰľǡ
ӿκˡ
󵨵, Ȼ澲˼䣬ԭڵص֪Ѿ, ǻԲ⣬мٲɣ
һĸĸ, ֳ赽ѾǴ˴Ĺֳ衱ԺȻһЦ, ԭŵ齥ٵЦȻϵþɱȴ㡣ѲƾҪﱾү
˵ҡЦ, Լм书, һгӡ
Աߵ۷׷ס
, £֪ؼ״˵
󾪣һȺΧȥЩҲո, ǼҪԳ⶯֣϶һ˿ԥȻ֪صֻӲͷƤװΧϡ
նȣżĴȴվԭأĿתضšֳ衱ȻЦǧô˵ҲǸ֣ûйڣҪðֳƭͲҪ顣
㣿ҿӣѱɣֳ衱۱Χĳ⣬ֵ£ 
ûнæӦǣ߳ȥǶĿ꣬ԭΪôΧ̷ܹ˳׽ã˭֪վеߣ͸оԼ۾һΧĵĶ̷κȻһȵǶۿȥʱȻֻʣһӰ
ӰΧĿһˣһ˲Ŀհף׷۾
̨µҲ۾̷ûôȴϡһɫӰԾУͷ·һֻһ
ˣҲ֪ﾪһֳʱȻ
ţɡ
ǽְɣ
ÿ죡ƴ˴ĵʲôˣ

ȼ֣ûԷʹṦʱҲ־ȣôı£ʱӦ죬еľȥ
Сֳ衱һ£Ҳ̧ͷųΣһɫһ䣬ۼֻ¾һԭվŵλã֮ҲԶͨˣһ㣬ûз춯
¾ԭվŵĵطѾءһ¼䣬һţĿֳ衱ķȥ
ǧѣȻ㲻֡жҡײƭҽձ˺š
㡭ֳ衱û뵽ԷȻҲ书֮뿪ڻ죬ոŴǰĶ̷һһѾ
æܿȴ̸о߻һӡæסϵĻۣһǽߣһһɢصİ
ַ·Ҫ࣬вǱۺȥġۿ𣬽Щһһ£ֻһ˲䣬Ͼƹƹ˸
ֳ衱Ӱַ̲Է书ԶԼ֮ϣϸɫ㵽Ǻˣ·ʲôˣΪҪ£
ûд𻰣Ѿһ׷õ߶
ֳ衱һ㤣ĸҺͳټţʱȥ
ǵṦϵ֮һΣձϳˣûʧֹ֪ǧѵṦ֮״ûֳͣ衱Ӷݵķ׷ȥ
һǰһһһ׷ٵʧ˵ֳֻʣһȫ࣬߷ߵʢһȺûĹԱԼȫĿɿڴۺڡ
׷֪ȷӦǵϳ£˭Բ˶ߣʲôҿ׷
һһй˴Ҵææʧķ˼ֺܿͣ£̧ͷŽַ죬ﻹҵõ˵Ӱ
ڣֳ衱ƴ̵ƴԼٶӴܡԼṦ㣬ܹȼԼңǸ̷ľȴԽԽ̣ǵ˦бԷ׷ϵơ
һ·ɿؿӹأȥϣĵݻԷ׷ƣϸոս̷֣ľѲɵľ룬ҶԷжȻΪֵ֦裬ԽԽ죬־ܹõԼĺ󱳡
ֳ衱ĿѣͷǰæһԷȥȴԷ˫ĿһУѾֵ·һѿס
ֳʹסŲ˭֪ȥδֹǰȻһһͷ
ֳ衱⣺
Ҳ֪ʲôģȻŵԣʮֿ¡ֳ衱ײϴһµĳ⣬˶ûüֹסȥƣһ֮¾Ȼͬʱ˽ȥ
˶ʱһ߶סⱾΪҪץðԼˣûעԱߵ壬ٶȱȡֳ衱ҪϺܶ࣬˲ֳ͡衱ײһ𣬵ȵͷʱֻѾս
ִרץʲôõġ

ĬȻֻоԼڵһһΣԼͬʱ׵ġֳ衱ְ˽ŵعԼϣȫӲƴŤͷԼٴС
һﴩһʩʩȻĽŲƵشһ۾̧ͷŵ˿ȥĿĺ¡ֳ衱ȥӴⲻֺүôּ
ʱΨСֳ衱òŶˡ ֳ衱Եͷֻ֮վһϳӡϿŰѻߣ¶һֻ۾ֱضš
˭Īץ˰ɣֳ衱Է˶Լ˵̻ⲼΪιʣҷ
ѻӰ¶һȻıô˵ҾͷˡֺүǼһ֪˭ǧѣץľ㣡
ֳ衱һ㶣ס졣
ô£Ѿڶαϳǡǧѡˡ
ѻߵǧѣðֺүݣݴҡڵƭҼҺүסҺĳ㵽أ㲼塣
ڵʾŴ˴εջɹ
ѻӿţЩ⣬ʵô鶵ζΣ޵ĺñΪ˺үҿѪˡ

ֳ衱û뵽һԾΣֻ÷εֳ費һˣҽͷģʲôˣ
ˡ֣ϵɫ΢΢һֹЦ⻰Ƕ˵ģǵ⣬ź˵һ䣿
ںһȥˡǧѵ
ѻĿ΢䣬¶ּЦĵߡֳЩѾλʱ㣬Ҳ뿴ô
ֳ衱һ㶣Ӧ
װ˵ڿлεøˡ
ѻȴĶֳֻ̧һߺӣģ๫ҲѾץˣ


206 
ﴫOO@@ĽŲ
ѻһ, ϺȻ¶ЩţæĵطȥӣҾ͸㱨ƽ, ôˣ
Ṧɿ, һӵиŮӵٰҸ˾ǰ棬Ҿͳ뿴
ŮȥЩ, ǧ̲ס⿴ȥֻոյѻһŮй, ·ʱ򼫾СģȫƸոպ˵Ƿ̬
ѻߵŮӡǧѺܿ쿴ŮҲŰѻ, ŮӲḡ, ȥ书ӣҸ΢΢¡⴦
ѻͷ, ߷Ůӱߵǧʮָ, ¡㿴˻ᡢᡭ
˼Ҹ, ôôѻŮһֳһߵ, ҸʱΪ, , ҵҪǧҸƤµǸʲôģ
úúãҰ˺˵ѻͷ
ԱСװӦѻŮӰ¶Цݣ̧ȥȻһڿ, òһ統¼Ҵ
΢΢һ㶣۽ȴֹס˲Щˮ⡣
ӡԱߵѻæĪ̥ȥѵ
ûСѻŮæֲ۽ǣͷǾǧѣҿôһˣ
ѻʶԼסһ£ӦʲҸողǧԼת˽ǸҲԼײġ
ѻŮһ㶣ǧѵͬ
֪ѻҲһ㶣ҡҡͷǣҲܲǣ
ѻŮӣ
ͬʱĬȻѻŮӴߴһѻӲȡǰ
ǧߣнµġֳ衱Ȱʵʵģתȥĵڶסĵùһһߵ˵ɣǺˣǧʲôϵΪλһ
н䱸תʱȴǸѾӵнԼժ
ιأʵұ㵱ǧѵͬһ𽻸ٸѻӴ
ǰĺвڶ˶١
ͷ̶̵ģֻҲǷǳ¶һƤҲͨҪ𪣬ϱסҲмṦѻһ߿һ룬ȴ꾹ȻٶȿʼһԼϵ鶵ȥһɶ
㣡ѻ˲侯䣬һµںѻŮ֮䣬ıӣ˲˦ȥ
Ĺλн¼ʮһҲһһ־ֵܹɵͷҪ֮ʱȻһץסתʲô
㻰ιʡѻû뵽־ƽԼʽɫһ䣬Ҫţ˭֪ո̧ۣ㿴˺ò
곤úǧݵġֳ衱ȫͬǰһ˫һۣ۽΢üĿͦòʣʮϤӣ
㡢㣡ѻӺ仰ʱֻһһġ㡱֡
ַſѻе
أѻӰüִȴͻȻûҪҺŵĴ㣬վԭأԭ䱸վֱһ˫۾ֹסµؿǰˡ
㡢㡭оԼͻȻ֮Ʊһͣ۾ȴ󣬲ϵشϵ£ɴӽŵͷǰվŵĺؿ˺ü飬ǿͷֱǡֺ֡ү
Ŀʡ
⿴ǰѻӣԭûʲôڻ¶һ˿Цݡ
񡣡ص
ѻһ㶣Է͵ش˸飬һ˲佫ϵѻһ¶һ޺ϴžɣǲȷʣ֪ң㡢ֺ֡ү
룬ǵճ£⡣
ѻ۾
ѻӲǱˣⲻʶĵǺɽһǧ뵱ʱ·ĳй֣ʱҲǺһòӵйĿ֮ܣֻһ۱ӡԺˡ
ڣ͵ֳֵòһģһʮϤװ
书Ҳ
ǻǲŵվԭأԺкȻ뵽ڵһĻֿǰĳ⣬Уһ̧ۿǰ˵ǳ⣿治ǧѵͬ
ǧѱһߣ׷Լѻӽֵʱ򻹰ֻϣ˫һԼýѡ˭˷ŸһУƾͱֹסѻӺͶ̷ǵûдǰ߷˺һү
үٰѻӽǸ̷үô£
ǧѵɴ۾˴ȥֻӦڼٰҵǧѣ뽫׽ãû뵽
˵ţѻͣһ£ѻӶʱһ˫۾ɿ˺һG
죬û˵ȥ
˵һ仰Ҳǧӿκˡոպ˵һԼٰ硰Ļڵòֳģ߼ѲɡѲǰ˾Ǿ
ǧѵ۾˲ɵùԲæϿȥ
Ҳһ𾪣ٶСؿźֻ꣬öԷʺ˵̬ǰֳ輸һĵʵǧһ֣ʵڿɡҡ𣿡
Ҫ˺ҵ۾
񱻵һˣæͷҡ˹ģҡҡ
ϤĶԻоú˲պֳһӡĿڱѯʳ⵽ô£ѾϤ
磬ôˣǸôˣŮԼѭѭʵ
񡢳ĿͬʱŮӴȥ
Ůϻѻ棬ͦŶӣһԵЩǣԵñ׾һһǵķĿɨʱϸЦݣĿƵϡ
λǡǰ飬Ϊ߷ʲô£صع鿴ల֮ʱ̲ס̷϶࿴˼ۡ
̷òİԼˣȴ֪ȴ˿ԼĿʮϤ
æܹȥŮĿ̽ؿţſڣһŵӣкϢˣ
ʲôϢŮӻͷ̲סǰӿȥ
ϤĸоԽԽɵؿţĿ¶ֲȷ
Ҳ֪ôڣ̧ۿ⡣⿴ǰŮӣֿŮ¡ĸ¶һЦݡ
ҡ


207 
ǰòһ, ɫҲһȴźͼеһ۾һ˵
ѻŮ̧ס, ѻ¶۾һˮ⡣
Gްæο, ⸱ҾǻɻҲʶ, , ǲҪ 
֪֪ѻŮӵͷժ°, ֲ̧õϵˮۣ¿ǰĶ̷̧꣬𣬲Ŵ˺ü
硣һ, Լ
ŮӲǱˣڷǬһбƽľҶŮǰ, óչˣǾ, ھ, ŵֳ֪뿪ǰѾµתԼ¡
ͻȻ˲СĴںм֮, ûеȵ֮ǰԼĹ꣬뺫뿪˾ǣʼ߷ķ, ҽ, Ѿһʱˡ
⿴ž̬ǰԥһ, ֲ̧Ůϵգ¶ЦݵСЩʱûô㻹ίһҪ˵
ֺүרҪ۸Űɣֽе
Ҫ۸㣬ͽν˺ˡ
˲Գ˺ıȷʵڻ£ȴԼôá˲һ죬ɿһתƻ㣡Ҳûʲôֺүãҿ϶չ˵úܺúܺá
бһۺ
ۡЦϵɺԣЦ¸֣ϴЩ磬ظԼ¡С磬û£Һܺá
ѾҲע⵽СĿھͺ֮Ѳ
ٺ١ͷԵЩĵүСѾĸˣ
Ŀٶȿ򾣳
΢죬̧ۿųĿ⣬Ц˵ͷ
ü¶ȣȻ;ԼƤµСȻ˵ͷЦϲ
лүæųװһݣ󿿽⣬СүҺͳѾ޳ֺ֪үʲôʱعӡ
˵棬˳βصûаѻ˵ꡣһ㶣ٿʱֻԷѾͷЦӯӯؿԼ
عǽĻӴΣҲ֪ͽĹϵʱóһʱĳĬ
ͽͬΪӣкѾǲܵ飬һ»ҲѾںЩ
ѾǾҲֳˡ΢΢һЦŵ˵
һ㵣ΪԼ˵ˣüĿЦ⣬нٶȸЦݡ
žϣȻٲһ꺮ůǰӺǧѵĶԻԼ֪صﲼ壬ֺ;˵ҳŵ֪˳ҲżȻ
ǹҲ硣źԶʰһ˵һЦŵ
죿һ¹졣ǸӱɽξǹͶԼٰۣһأݻʱٰݾؾ죬˵ʱӦھǲǡ
ʣЦ֪ԺԸȥ˱߹صؽλǺͳ̹һġ
һ㶣漴˾˵Ļ˼ȵͳ̹
Ǵγ̹ˣʱҽ̽ͷ
ٶ𾪡
ԼѾãҲߵĸȻԼȥ֮ǰڳǽһ棬ʱϣܹԼĸ飬û뵽¸Ǩ׵Ǩӧǰ߾ຮ֮أ߽磬ػĽȹ̡
ͳȻʲôȵϼҲڼذɣ
磬Ҳ˵ˣ
ҡͷ֮ǰƼڼţ˵һ˼Ҳϲơ
ǱûˣԶĺĻЦСӼǮúܡû嵶ʲôⱦʯģһ־򾩳Ǵլӣ˵书˺ü˽̵ģǸү
֪Ҳû뵽ļȻݵĴɵ㶡
ȴ԰ԣڼϣų;߱ߵֺŶӣ㵱ھǵ٣Сְ㵱һݣԲ֪һĵϸҾͺ˽ñȽϺˣ˵Ӽȡλ棬䵽ɽ˲¹ͷĵطҪǼ㣬Ҳɲ˼ꡣϾүǮʵڲˣƨɾˡһǹ٣ɰˣһСȥǳԿֱھ򷿡
үȥ˱߹ء
ĬȻ
뵽죬̲סЦ˼뵽ʲôȻüֻϧȻͳˡұȥϲƣҲֻ͵͵ȥϲ
ڴɽ͵˳ǧȻΪ˳ǽˡȻʱѻ棬಻ڳǰ¶棬Ψ¶Լǵǵݡ
Ѿ͵飬ҲӦԼĹԷƱصҾã̹ﲢһС֮ˡ
Ļ۾΢̵ͷգӣ
һһӽе𾢣óٶĬһ¡
õ϶ȴʮֿģתһȦǱǧѴȥ̲סʵӣҪô
ݺ˵ǧһԾݳûݵĹԱͰղ룬Ŷֳòȥ
ǧѱ˵ĶԻԶнģԼԼ֮ǰԼֵĶ̷ܾܿǾ𣬴ʱ̷ͻȻ͵ɪһͷ­սľؿ书ߵú˵ļһ
ζû뵽Լľǰ˸ͷһ֮Ϸӭս¼ϵġ塢ȫ˵Ĵڣһ򵱹Ī֮ס߹أǩºԼˣھԶԶƳ˵ɽǽ·ʵ۲翴ԶɽӣҲķɣȻ˾ˣ
˶˵Ѿڱɱˡ
ǧ˵ĺڣȴǶ̷ֳʵѾӦϢǧѣԼǶ֣
*
ʱݹٵϣƥƵǰ
ƥϸˣʲ·̧򥿴ǰһǾڸλ֮ˣǵķԾǵĵϹôҲǸ١
̫ףٵ·ɹ·һȣյ̫̾˿˵߽ûоͷԽԽԽԽڶˮ·ͨˣ˵ӦܲɺӰ죬һ·Ӿй˵Ҳʮˣһˮû䰡


208 
⻰˵мԹ, Ա߽߽ĬĬؿͬһۣԱ߽ˮ˹ȥߵݱߵ۴, û뵽㵱䣬Ǻ͹ԽԽˡ
۴˱ӹˮ, Ա߽Ļһ㶣ʶԼΧ, ̷Ӧ۾߽Ҳû뵽ȥ̲Ժڿ˵ıҲԽԽˡô, ̲İ̫֣̫ͬҪҪҰ
߽͡һЦֱӽˮ۴˵Ļ
۴һѽӹЦͷһڣһߺʹ죬һֲȥǵˮա, ǼȴȻŵһ޵ҩζƴӸƮ
һ㶣ñᣬ߽ûŵͬζ˭֪ٵսǴȴͻȻܳĸСӰӭ泯˵ķ
ͻȻðӰɢҲȡ߽۴ͬʱһ, æססƥ
ƥԭشתĸӰȴܲˣֻԹԵش, Ψһײϡһ˳
Ұˣ·𣿡۴ƢԱ߽꣬һȵٶʱȴײ˸ӲߣֻǸԼΪʮС
С·ѾڲĹǣҲҪ۴˿һʶӿϡ֡
߽ҲһӦ۾
󺵺󣬲ӿѾйһΧǵľȻٷЩ룬ֵ˾ټǨ㣬Ͷݣţһʱ䣬ضפţȻ˴ǰҲԵñˮн
ֲϣֻԽԽ࣬¾ңԶݾȻҲѾˣʧĿԶǵ
۴ĬȻûټˣֻǰССϻһƥײ֮󣬲䣬Ķȫɢ˳ͷһ֮⣬ȻȫżƥĽӡȹڹٵĴɢ䡣
С״ûйصżֻһӵץĸԶɿܣһûӰ
ۡ߶û뵽СķӦһ㶣žߴһëСӣվסǰټţһ
ۡ߶ȥֻսǴֳһӡϴʹװƴ׷ϡ
ʹ̬ƫ֣˼·ԺѾȫǺٵսǵĵطȻּƥͷʱһȵע⵽ɢһż㣬۾ֱˡ
۴˺߽ĬĬٶȶһۣ˲żϵһֻӡ
ҵţʹŷӦһ
λֵĪţǰһ񡣡߽һһ߰ο
ԣֻɢˣֲûˡ·ŻشǡƽһݱµȫǺӡţҲŰο
ʹվԭᣬֻ޲ôԼԴȺˡȺʵڿɶ񡢿ɶΪǿ͸ǵǸǳҵĶġҾͲӦͬȺСЩʲӵ񣬰
Խֻ࣬ԽԽࡣ߽Ĭ£ıʾο
ھͺãھͺá۴Ҳŵ
ʹҲֻ̾лߡ۶ˣʼš
ٵɢż˵ҲмٷݣֵûϺЩ۴˸һ󣬺ؿһżϵ΢΢һ㶣ǰ˷ʹֵܣЩĳģ
ͨǵʹЩŶǴݶʼһ·չġʹż㣬һ㶣ʵֵΪдһʣ
ݶҿҪŸǵĹˣԲʡ۴¶ЩŹ֣еʵŵ˭˻Ҳǵѽ
һ顱ʹϳЦŶǼصι١Ҳҵģ˵Ҫ͵͢ξǵ
۴һ㶣ͷü
ôˣ߽Ҳż㣬۴ֹ̲סʵ
ּȥȴЩ졣۴˽żݸ߽
߽ӹţϵּͬС죬ƽܵ͢ξ̫˻˵ϰߣȵżʱҲ΢΢һ㶣Ŀϡ
⡭ɫ΢΢һ䣬ٶȿԱߵ۴ˡ
۴üëһҲɣ
߽ɫԥǵͷ
ϵּȷʵϤǰһ¹ǰ˵ּ
˲Ǳˣǰ͢ξҼ࣬ƽ߽
ǰ͢ξǻָɣոһ֮ʱìܣڷǬһУչֳõʱΪ͢ξҼǲò׷λҲʱգȻҲ֪ǰдֲһϰëʣǽľͷīдıʷëȻкܴĲּͬȥӲʣǰš˵д֡
˳Ϊ˺ľǵҼһѾλãһȥ̲ɣѾְнһֱʼǶȴǼ¡ǻǸеġ
ǵˡҲǾѾǰ׹˶ۿֳʬ壬ίʵ󲻳ŵԴں֮֡
ѵ˵еڶֳˣ
˵ʲôʲô𣿡ʹͬʱڶһſɵ㶣ʵ
߽ƽֶһۣƽ΢΢һЦʹֵܣɻǵιٳʲôģ𣿱硭úòÿ
һӵòúÿÿʵ˾ȵ飬ʹһ㶣Ȼϸ룬ιǳͦ׾ģҪ˵ÿŶˣҼǵȥص죬˸˰ǸĵܸܵץˣҪ˵࣬Ǹǳͦġ
µ棿ʢץ߽ƽͬʱһ
ǶھѾãȻּ֪ҵ顣ʢԾֳͷթƭƽ˽ץ¹ֳ˼±û䡣ʢϾǾĵܵܣҲֻǵʢϳǶѡ
û뵽һ˾ȻɵͷĶʢ֡ƽ߽ͬʱһ䣬ֻеͻȻЩ
ض촫ˣ⻹мٲɡʹ˵ţɵؿǰ˵ѵλֵʶǸץסʢˣ
Ҳȷţһ֪ƽóеŵʹֵܣʵ¾ε͢ξƽ֪ʹɷ񽫴Ƚҿҿ֮󶨻Ὣת͢ξ˵ġ
ǰ˾Ȼ͢ξ䣿͢ξھҲǸ٣ʹʱ۾뵽֮ǰ֮ǰֵܣ˵һŵͷԭλǴˣ͢ξˣűҪǣֻš
ƽһĿ⿴ż㣬Ҫֲ𿪣ȴȻŵһҩζ
ڶŵҩζˡ
ƽһ㶣ҩζ״ﴫ˭֪ٵϾƽһ磬еż㾹Ȼ˲ֶ˿С
һ㶣вãҪȥ׷żȴżƮȥֻڿг˼£һ˵


209 Ŀĵ
ƽһ㶡߽书Ȼ¼ϵ߳, ͨѾٮٮߣʱͻȻ˳ǾȻûвԷĶ
˲ɵľ, ֵ˿ȥֻĹٵϣһ£ڷᴹֻü򵥵ľ, ˿¶һ忡˫ò
ü۵ʹ, иոõż
ȴм¶ȡһƥɫ֮, ȴԵʮΣ, ɫ԰ײûжѪԼŲݣȥĻȫ롣
ƽ˵Ҫĸ͢ξżȡ, ͷ˵ò, ɫ˲һ, յ˻ȥӿκ, ѾʶطӦ, ǰΰݡ
߽Ҳͬһʱ䵥ϥ£
ٵ, ԭʹλ˲ͬʱϨһһ¹ԭվŵʹһһ㶵, Ҳſһ۹ٵͻȻֵĺӣֻԷƶͨ˵ӣһݣæҲŹ¡
ֳһ˲ðֻзոõż, ֽҳͻȻķҲֹסˣٵֻʣϢ
û˵ĿѾȫȻżϵּסıԭز㣬ʱʱĵõ˺һƽ߽˲һ˺żд
źӴżĶһɵҪζ绺Ʈڳ˵ıǼ⡣ƽĬĬᣬд򣬰һֲá
һ·ԭҩζôġǰλǱ㲻ѽˡλվǰǽ飬Ǵǻĵ
鲢ƫԶĳУƵƵϢƾڴ˴ûƽ룬ǵλʵۿΪ¶ġ
ʥϺ;ϵͬһ㣬;йصǳٶڷ־ʬʱҲͻȻ֣žʬ뿪ӴʧȥѶֱͷ߹󷽲»سԴ䣬˴±ȸӺݾȨ¼У£Ȩȹ̡
ڰǰˣȻûʲô󰭣鷴һֱûкת̫ҽԺԴ޲ߣֻÿոϿҩǱּһ齻ɽһҵһСүԼںˡƽŵҩζǻҩġ
ƽ߽бҪһ¹ĺϲصݳԸ磬˭밵гĽһʱ𾪲ѣֱֲӳƽϣֻһһͷ͵øͣؿŵ档
Ѿ˺ż㣬Ǹ˽⾴ϵþıʼǣҲ֪ԺʲôӦ
ƽ߽ﰵ룬ȴʱ̧ͷΨʹ֪ݣһ̲סǰĺӣԷż㣬΢˲۾Ŀ̧𣬾Ȼֽżݴͷ
дĵʲôôô˶ôע
ʹʣٻʱȴһ֮żҲʼϵظż㣬Ȼؿһ£зһƿȵ
ȿȡֱ̧ס
ʡƽ߽æ̧ͷ߽˵һͻȻʶڣʱϡϢһ£ګګˣû°ɣ
ԣö˸Į߽ʳںԾԼ£ĬĬؿ档
û¡Ȼһģ˽Ļش
߽ƽͬʱһ㶣ٶ̧ͷ鿴ȥ
ѾƽϢеֽµ÷Żŷ֮УָᲦָоƽֻоǰһֻżٶȴӿӹһæֽ̧סС
Ϲ߾һŷֵ飬ҲΪˣŸ˾ÿ¡
ƽȴͷٶ𣺡Ƕ˽ش˱ɡ
ϾȻҪǽԼشˣ
ʲô
ƽ߽̧ͷ˽һۣȭǣشˡ
·ãʹǣɹմֵ
ǡۡٶӦ
ʹһ㶣ǰ˽֮ΪˡҲҵæͷӦǡ
鿴۶ߵķΨصɫ
һס̧ǶˣҲҪȥأ
ǡƽ̵ͷشˣҵȶ˱ȥμϲ硣
Ѻ˵¡׵
ر߹أðȻؼң˴ο϶Ҳͻϱ׼ƽ߽ȴǰʥٶ
ȥأͬС
ƽ߽
лϼǵг̿ɻУƽ߽ٶͬʱ󾪣ٿʱֻϴʱñɫһ¡˸԰һۣæǰҾ
ǡٶȱȭ
*
ǧѵƤںͳע¸ж¶һƽƽȥݵòƽڶʮңüۼȴϡɼ㣬ȥǸӣϸһ˸оǸŮӡ
´˴һۣǿĺᣬֿأḻҲ𲻳˴ۣͽ¼׫дǧѲŮȻ֮棬̲סԱߵĳһۣСʵӣ˵ǧѴĪ棬еĻŮģ
ôңü
ǰӲҲҸողһ
۾£Ҳ԰ϵһһҹ
ɫһ䣬ǰľسſǧѵЦЦ𣬴ҾǺ桢ѡ
æԼ˼ѹѹټǧʱֻѾǵͨ죬ʮƣǵĻȥݣӦ÷˰ɣ
ƭģⲢûĻ
㲻ỹҪҵǮǧѵǵøˣȻֳٰݣҲרųЩ̰ǵǮòɲ壬ʲô
Ϊͻһֳ裬ļƻᱻϡ
˵ֱ׳ԱߺЦе˰ɣ϶֪ǧӲһëεҿҲιĵ⸱ֺүôҲ׬˵ɣ
˵˵ǧˣŲӵǧڰүеس
ǱӦýЩ
ǧɫһ¶Щ롣
һԷͷҲãȥôκú롣
ǧһη˲ˡΪ˱ͨŵηмһˣǰ˺ܾܿǵϷս˵ֳ豾Ҫ֪һۺ󣬵ĵĪ쿺͵ĿպʦձУûзųķǧͨˣǵǮȫóòã
㻹ݣԳ͢в̫󡣡ֵ
ԺҲݾˡǧѿΣæ
²ףԾ󻼡
ǧѣ
һ·ԻǧѺֱܿһƴͣһ޿ӡΨԱЦӯӯþ̲סѯʺ˿ġ
ɿһȻҸ߾ԼһʼദĲ״ֻǴ˸˵˾䡰ˡǸˡƣȥȡԶͣŵ
ǺרŹԼãʮֿĸ˲⣬ǧѾžԽѺڳ棬뺫һԦȥ
ꤹܿг֣ͨصĽ⡣⡢һ·ؿ·ϻ۵Ĺٷǰۣʱϣ۾ʱһ¶һ˿ţæס
ߺͣǰΣգҪǰˣ


210 
ǶԷҳ, ̻ɲסǣƥ
ͣ£ۿ϶һ㶣뵽Լ飬æСܵ, ˿, ƴص, ˵Ҽ֮, 㲻Ҫٻؼˡ
ϼңͳף֪֮, ӦμӻǡüΪβҪؼأССһسǣʲôֲɣ
Сسʲô֣һ, ԼĻǰİ˴ƫˣæ־ų⹰ֵ, ׷ž뿪Ժ֪̾˹ˣ¾ڳţҪǽ׽á
ǸոտǧѣǾ۵, һ棬Աߵıŵ˵
˳߿ȥ, Ȼ֮ǰžµĸ˱ڳ, ѾһţԶ֮ǰľһƳ
⡭վԭط㶣ü, ҺƴȻ֪塢屡죬֪δ֪黹ǣĵܵʢ֪Ѿȥ֪֪ͨݴˣӦѾ·ϣٲ߿»鷳
֪ƹһأرһٶԽ֪Ȩٶ˽˴εԿף˾Ѿŭ֪ءϾʢ¾ȹۣ˽֪ܳͨҲǲΪѡ
ĵؿų⣬ȴüһۡûӦ⿴ʲôѾϤ
죬ΧסˣϤǼصĵһѽ֪صһģұܵĽŲ
֪ؾȻˣ۰á
бӪʿͣµһһذΧš
֪شˣ͵͵֪ͨģʱʱðһ亹æת
֪شһȺʿⲽûۡǰôǰֹξة˸߽
Ҳںţŵ߿Գʢ¾Լ鱾ʮָոڡǰԼΧԳǸмֻϣⲻҪ֪ץ۳֪ͨأ˭֪·ϺȻ֪¶ϲ飬ֱȺٹ˱Ӫˣľ
书ǱͨҪһЩֵеùǧ
һ·¿ٱΧסĳһġǰ֪ѾԽڵλãų󵨵񣬹컯֮Ҽΰ˾˵ģ
֪ϴŵƷ£ڱʳ⣬Աߵĺһ㶣̲סٶȿߵĳ⣬ٿǰΧ˵֪أ֪شˣҼҴô˾Ҫǳ֣ǿ϶ǸٻǲŪˣ
֪۾ûẫֻˣĻʱ˵ķݣ
üëһžһǧѵȣסǡ
Ĭ£ǧѴӳ£͵˱ǸոռðˣѾҵܻ񡣡
֪ؿ˹Ȼ͸ովһģһüȴв֮⣬ɨӳ˺;⼤ŭдԼ棬浱ôڲƭ𣿡
üо֪ϵ
ǲ֪֪Ҫʵ
֪ЦͻȻڼУΪֹڳˣνͣ
һԱߵĺ񰵰ߵĳ⣬ľϵǰ˹Ź֮⡣ڸһֻÿ
Ȿ򾩳ǶУ;ʢ鷽ŵг̡ڴԭ紩Խ˴βֳͬϽʬ꣬ϲûݺͻ˵һ鲻ڡûиɵˣ޷ԼĻ
֪ؼԷûлشЦ˸Ƶس־٣ȴȻð󲻾֮ҵȼعԱĿãϱԱҪѺڣȺ֪ݷ䣡
ۡ
û˵ҡøˡ
ֳһ˲ĳĬ
֪ػΪԼĻٱѾסǰĽˣﲻЩ⡣ڲ׽ǰ˵ʱѾýȥļƻһֱ׽ͻȻڼѾʮ⡣ЩطԱѵĴΨֲܰջᡣոճֵľģ׽ǴһȫԽֺúүǼٵģⰸڼҲһСİ׽ǰˣһǸʢһǸԼһ棬ʲô£ҲԽ˦ˣԼưĹ
ţи򾲣ֳķһӡ
ΧȦĹٱ̳ӿ
ҿ˭ңڲҡˣ̲Χһ𣬽Ų׷ֹֹ
֪ز˽书ֻȴٶȺȵʲôҲңЩˣ
û书ɤźȵôڹٱٶΧϡ
˫֣ҲڴʱȦһȵǰ淢ʲô£ĹٱＯۣ
һ˵Ҳܴڹٱһ㶣ͷԴȥȴ·һɫٷƷĺ˺£֪ϴʽһģһ
֪ؿƷ¹ԱҲһ㶣ֻôЩ죬ˣиϤǹԱ𣺡⡢⡭ˣ¹Ҳ֪ڴɨˣξȥ
Ϥº󣬺ܿһ˴𣺡֪ݴ˲˽ţڴ˴ӪɡҺͳ̹λ粢뾪ˣǰˣǴƹҲԡ
ôУ ֮ǰ˵̵ξȥǰ淢ʲôϽ赼
˵ü֪ȴѾϳ̾ӵ֪ݴˣ죬֪ݴõ
˵֪ݸ˼ǸϽΧסĹٱһߡ˭֪һ۾ҲҲǾӣЦ̧ˣȰǧҪƵȻͺˣ


211 
˵Ǻ
󵨣ô˵ģûпٱΧŵ, ֪ɫ䣬ȵ
֪ݵĻ֪Ҳ˲䷴Ӧ, æָΧ˵Ƕڸʲô, Щ񣡡
ٱ, æԱߵİΧȦ, ҪǰȻȦһŮӵɵش磬Ϥ
Ǻӵ֮ǰĴٶȴ, һ̧, ֹ, 
Աߵ֪û뵽ԱߵĴķӦæѯʵ, ǣ
ˡѾԱߵŮѾٱİΧȦ߽ͬͨ, һѱ, ˳Ƚý, Ůһӧǹν䣬еĸŮˬ, һһͣá
֪һ·, ٱǶЩɫ׷Ա߱á
⡢⡭֪æںϣȴǰ˺Ȼֹסƥβǰ, ߴǰ
ӣ㲻ǽϴ֣ᱻΧڴˣ˵ĻȻո˵ʶ
ǰѾžִȣŹŮסԼǣΨһ˫۾治ͣԱʾˣɾ˵ˡ
ƽŹ֣˺ദѾãѾϰ⸱ʾһ㶣ʾķȥ
Աߴʱվŵһ꣬ϴŵ洦ɼĺ£űҪڣӣɫȴͨҪ׾һЩܾһ˵ϤУ뵽ոպĻĿ˲һ͵ͣǺòϡ
ûжҲķ򿴹
˵ͫ׼һС
͡ƥ´ǣ̤ͣ鲽
û˵Ͽǰĺ꣬ȫȴȻֱͷˣֻϸ̵鷢ɢڶǰ;࣬µü续ʹ⣬ü̬ѾȥǸˡ
¹ӣԱߵŮҲ¶ȵҲһǰ꣬𾪵㲻ǡǡ
ǰòǼġմɽǰӵòǧɺѾ֤ʵǵʱľֳ裬ֳһǰѾɡ
˶𾪵ؿǰĺ¶̷꣬¶ŵɫ
֪ݶҪĴڳĹٱعԱû뵽ĴﾹȻϵøոҪΧ˵ˣҲ׷ڵ
֪Ҳղԣʹɫ֪أȴ֪ҲһãȻüæȥˣ⼸λǣ
Աߵѣ˱ֱŻĿ͸ЩѾǰȴںǰߴͣסϥ£Ѿݵݼִˡ
Աߵ֪ݡ֪ءعԱٱһٶ𾪡
ֳһʼ֪֪ݿеġˡ˭ֻĸһĹԱûʲôرϡĵطڶԷԱԼ֣ǲŷˡȻΪر߹ص
ڷǬһбʥϣ󱻷УξǰɱУ֮չٰؾٶǨαֱĵλǽλֳ֮֮ǨĹԱ
λǾţ漮ݼصһСϣϲƵĶӡֻϲڵӻԱ䵽ɽʱŵڿһ֮¼궼ٺ͹ٸ򽻵ûкй֪֪ؿûлᣬºò˵ϲƵĶҪףʱͽᣬ˭֪Ȼɲʱ
ʱҲˣλԺյھȻڲΰݸոձΧ˵ꣿ
֪ص۾ɵúͭڳ顢Ҳǿ⣬ֿ죬֪ηӦ
ˡִˡϱƷߵֵĴ˭һݵ˭
˻Ҫ͢ξʶ书ǿ
ؿǰĳ⣬Ժﷴֻ뵽⡱衱ֳ衱֡
𾪣ȫû뵽Լһ޹һҹĶ̷Ȼ˴̧ۼȴֻߵŮźӧǹҲ׼Ҿ
¹ӡŮӵ
أŮӸոҪ£㱻סˡ
Ҳû뵽˻ĳϡҪһ£æǰһֱۣһ߷ˣ̹ĪҪɷңѾǰˣǲô񡣡
Զִˡ ص
¹ӿˣҳУ¹һֱֵһݡص
ⲻ֪ôȰ˵ǰλԱߵĺһЦλִǰȻ⸱ģ϶Ҫء

쿴˳òһۣŻȻӦæվ𡣵ˣʱ꣬лֹסȡ
ԣȻ뵽ԼͳܿˬһЦҾĳɱȭֿԱߵĺ
񿴵飬æְһڣɿһԱߵؿȥ
ŸоԼ˺ѾΪԱһ˵Ľ㡣
ڼ⣬˱͵ؼң·ϻ֪ݣһ·߶ʱּԱ߻һӣڶĹٱΧȻʲôͻ
ӣǷʲô£ɫʵ
͵ʻ̰֮ǰһ顣龭УͼӴ׵ֱʣ֪ءذٹٺڳĹٱǰӰԼ׼񣬲ɵñһá
ĵλߣǽͺһʶ϶ⲻ˰λִˡ亹ʱҲ˵˼䣬ʢΪǰҲһЩкӹ棬鲻Եô͸
óԣô£֪ݵԱߣξԸ˼䡣
֪ݡξԭΪ֪ظ֪ڼسֵ֮һ·ͬͽᣬʱĻҲӣµǰɢ˹ٱְ֪һ׽ãȺ÷䡣
ص֪û뵽龹ȻˣæԩξֻժɴñܿѺȥ
ʲźа˺ܿ챻˴ߣٿǺ¶̷֮ʱĿѾ¶ηɫΨԼ֪һ³
еǧƽξ춼ڵطдʱ״Ҳ֪Ĺϵ棬ûй
˾ñط꣬⵽ԼͷӦͺ񡢾һǰϲƵӡһ·̲סʵ죬Ǵγ֮뿪Ѿãڻ֮Ψ㻹ڳ¡롭롭
¹ʲôѾ֪γݣȻó⻹ŵʮ⣬ִֻˣʱѵԥ̻ʵ
˱ʱƽȵʻƽһЩʵ֪һ𣿡
ԽŲ΢΢һ٣ĵɫ׶Է˼ɫԥ


212 
ʶѾ, ܿôǻϳʲôˣ
죬одʯգѹؿ, ŲҲóٻ
ûϵԼԥı, æҡͷִ, ᡣϻڹţӦûʲô¡
ʲôûʲô£ԽͷʯͷѹԽء
ֳǰΨǴ, δ˵ʲôѻʱѯʣһΪ, һŻ̾˿ִ, ԺϾ˸Ƶġȥ˱߹أϢûǰͨ , ֻ֪ǰϺˣһֱ
ÿ˵һ䣬ԭЦ㵭ȥһ֡
ͻϵĹϵĿ, Ǿ, Ȼ֪һ˵鵫ϹĹԱֻ֪Ҫ뾩ǽһЩ, ô, ֻ֪ȰοֻҲڱ߹, Ǻ˽ϵĽ, ѾȥҲпϵȬҲ˵
ĬĬŲøɲ, һ˿ô˵ģ
⡭ˣ첻˵ȥԱߵĳԵʦھǵιְǰųĳҹײϣڶջϱ顣ȥѰٹĺۼǰ̫Ǭֵһޡ
ٶȱɫ
ʦľʦڣпƾ٣ھǡ˵̫Ǭµ׺ƽ٣ֽһΣпֲ֪ȫ˲ҷ
ǳȫʢʱԵֵȻһ˥䲻ƽٽϣ»ٶȳΣա
ο鵱ʱΪһɢꡣ
ԽɫԽ԰ףŲҲͣ
죬ǲɵԱţڿڣһɸֵӣͳҪˣ벻ִ˹һϲƣ˵ȥִȥˣ
졢һ㶣ŷӦһΣųֹԸ֣һҲѾϿڵͷİɣعȻˣƽȣ˵һжعƿ֮С
֪ģԵ˵ͷüɫȥĻ뺫˼䣬ȴҲЩĲɡ
ദãѾ׹
ȻһϼУһһ˻ᣬ˵ȥ⡣
ִ˴ʼնΪƴɽǡ͢ξҲǣսǣ⼸ڳҲǣ֮ǰٱʱҲΪϽ񣬶ڼѾֳò»ȥѾ쿴ǰüۣ̲סʵִˣһһֱף㡣
ʲô£ʵ
ִҲһǸ̼֮ӣûݺ͵λҲûȨ쿴ų⣬ãԴ˺ԻԻһֱģһԹ޻ڣ
ϵջ̫࣬нǮȨб˵Ŀ⡢ҲԼ˵񣬼ԼҲ޷жϼᶨֻ׷ѧϰǰ˵ĽŲһһǳǰС
Թ޻ڡһ䣬Ц죬ҺһҲˣô֪ûԹ
ִˣ¶㵡
ǰҵУԺҵСٶЦ͸Լܺڡ
ĿҲ¶ᶨִܸˣҲѡ񡣡
죬ұ⣬㲻ǽִˡ
ǣ´ˡ

˵˼䣬£ϲƼ졢񡢾һͬ硣졢£ǻϵ׼ɺ׼ɷһԵĺ˵ҲΪٰһ̸ڣĸϲҲͼ˽̸䣬ʱл˵ǸлԼӵչˡ
켴ٰݽ֮λԼϵ˵ɲεسЦЦ֪ձߣǰƥ
̸ҹŸԻطΨʣһԲ¸߹ڿУ¹ϣڼСӵķһƬࡣ
ʱȴһҵƻδϨշת࣬ԺȫǺ¶̷ӰҲ֮ȥ
Ŵ£һ뵽ǰڿջǶ̷ŵģһ뵽ԼǰʢıӰ뵽ڹٱΧ³գһʱ̾ͷҲ֮ȥ
Ϊصİճ˿ڶյԼӦȥŵлġ
Ǹ˺ʶںܿϲƵļޡվȥȥ
룬ֻǳ˰ϣȵ𣬱׼ţԲɹһЩϲƵļȥûжٲּһһӰչһһӵļһץһֻļúһ档
ǣƴǣͬʵ
ǰӰǺһɵۣһڣָһۣЦ׼͵ĸԸƴ˲Ҳǰɣ
š׼һЩƸ⣬·ϵĸá
ǼĹΪʢһԣĸ׸˵ӲҪҹлҸո·ϣüҶϲƼȥˣ˰ջǡ
һ㶣ת뵽ΪسһºܶҲһмɵһЦ
ȥϲƼеѶǰõĹԱȥͷͲ֪ʲô˼ˡ
ҵʱΪϸ첲ϸȵˣû뵽ǸôĽɫ۵
˵ʲôݣȻĽҪ񡣡۰Ե
˲²⣬Ц¹ӦΪǳͷˡ
Ҳǡ۵ͷЦôһϲƼҪˡ
˽ԲɵһЦ˱̸߱ճô֪ضϵĵÿģһʵʵǰֵܣǼأ
žͲ񱾵ˡ˶סŲͷȥֻӵѶƥƥĳɫʮֵòһǷǸĽɫϷֱһӣһĺۣȥЩһɫԵÿ̰壬˿ʱֻ׵ͷڴк
Ǽصӡģȵͷ
Ǿˡӵ¶һ˿ɣܿ쳯˼һֵҵǴӾǹģڴ˴ʧ˷򡣼λֵ֪ܿйʴĸ򣿡
ǰ˾ǾģɫһٶٶԼеķָȥҲȥϲƼҵģϲƾǰǸҪȥλһͬǰɡ
һ㶣΢΢ףԱû˵죬̵áԱߵӷȭǾͶлλֵˡ
ۻصջ˸ȴǰֳһƥи˲֪ʱվǰ򽻵
ֵͻȻ鿴Ҳһ㶣ٿȥʱֻվŵɭ䣬ᴹϴһɫװ޳ɫȴԵмֲ԰ף͵Ϳע⵽Ա˵Ŀ⣬̧ķ
һֻòʮֿǰĶ̷겻ಮ٣Щ㵵ؿţȴͻȻڣͳ𣺡Ǹո˵ĳ˭


213 
ʺʵܴ, ´ŶԷ
λǺһӾǹعӡӼĿⲻͣںɨӣæվؽӵε˵
ԭǺֵһġЦŻص, Σ, ǰոյǼصĴǡ
Сعӡ̧ۡ
ӷӦÿ, ֪عӲͻȻעˣּʵǣ֪λǺη, ֵ˳ޣ
˵¼ռص˿һ졣۾̽عӵ˵һ顣
ӵ˸˱߱, ֻλճµʢ, ʶٵľ͹ǧ˿ƵϵɵðľֻоѾȥľ˵Ĺϵ, Ծعӿһۡ
عһ·ǣƥһֻǾ, 廰ɫ, ϻеҩ˱Ǽ⡣
ǳ֪ǺģٿطӦ, ʵ
üΪڣ, ͷȳҪϼ֡۵
Ӻһ㶣뾴ŵʱһͷţĿ֮˫, ֺĳ롣˶ڵʬ壬ʱһ˰µףѪҺɲѾɺԣǸϵʱѾգǶȻûлĵġ
˻ֳ赱յ״оɲ֮ʱȴȻٶȴعӵ
ģعʵ
λҲɣþϲƼУȻᵽ˹ƾͼЦŻص
Ӻ˲䱻˼԰һۣԿԷе档Ҫѯعӵ˼ȴȻ·ǰȻӵ
ٶ̧׿ȥֻǰĵϾȻΧ˲ˣЩϴأȥǼصİգΧһЩȺкüŽż⣬ͣǰ̽ͷ
Ƿʲô£ǰôôˣԶһһʮֵӣӿűµǰ·ü
㣡ǰҪҵϲƼˡ·ۺҲǾȵؿһۣȷӦЦǳסϲƼУҶλǣϲƵļҸסˣ
Ӻ;ǰĵ·ԿһۣȻһۡǽߣΧǽоĿȥʮǮܴⷿÿһɣд߹ң첼װΣмֽġֻ֡ӭڿУƮ
оǮ
ƽʱ£֪˿¼ʱȸʢ̲ס̾ѾΧˮйͨдŮӣҵӣҲдŽ»ĸ̣мСΧ֣ǰӵȺҲƵͷȥ
СӾûֵĳ棬һȺ˲ͣؽ̸ţＰһ߹һ
Ǹץʢĳ¹Ӿ棿
ǵġ¹ӺȻ¾ôʢͺؽΣɸһ˿ڶ
û˵֪Ҳȥˡ֪̰ǰЩӻʢ۰ҵŮڵ˱Ӧ
ҵǺ¹ӵʲôﰡ
㻹˵Ҽ¹һۣ¹ӳÿɿˡ
ļٵİҿ

ǰһ߹һΣһһҲһȺм俴ȥڼϲƵĸŴ򿪣һʮ߳ϴŽ£˹ֵλλ¹ϾҪ뿪ۼˣҶõŹӵ·
ʲôϲƣ¹Ҫߣ
ϲͲˣ¹ǼصĴǣôЩʱհ
¹ӣҸ׼л°
ȺһŸǹһһһվ۵һһеļͼæҲ˾䡰ȵҡһ˵һǰȺȥ
ֳһãҪϲƵĸϼϲƱȺ˺˼ظо󱳱˷һ£˰һߡ
ϲƵл̧ȴԼļءǡ¹ӡ
ڣ׼ϱ߹Ա֮ǰһͳ¹ӷߵŮĿǰ˵ıӰϡ
¹ӻͷһЦǣƥȥ
λףлҽǰڴлλĺ⣬ֻϻҪ£ڼؾҼ¡պлᣬذݷáԽȴشǰӵȺҲȺΧվŵ˵ĶС
Ӻһһİȴ֪ľȻһϤС
˻Լ⡭
æͷֻعӴʱĿؿŴŴδ䣬⾹һ˲оλﾹʮǰ˵ˡ
Ⱥݵİſڴƥǵ˻ףٶȿڴϲƸϵſ
߳һȥ꣬¡̷۵ƣӺ˵Ͽȥֻüۿʣһ˫۾ǣӭųӳǰ⣬ɫⶼȾһ㵭ĻԹ⣬ͣȻǰһһ֮С
òֺѾȥľкܴĲ𡣾ΪӣФŮӣģŮ֮ĺÿǰüĿʣݷɲʣֳȫһݡ
˿Ŵ˴ϺشһҵĿ
ʡعӣû°ɣһæҪȥعӣȴعӵĿѾ£Ŀ⻹ִŵ̧𣬿ǰǸ̷Ӱ
̷Ѿǣ߳ϲƵĸšǰȺӵһһشȺҪԱߵİռ״׷һһͣؿڵ
¹ӿҪؼؿ
¹ӣĸصظ׼ļҪϡ
¹ôżͲܶһ𣿡

Աߵϵ⿴ߵһЦŻлһǰţСĵزȺۼͿҪеΧ˿̧ǰĵ·
ǰĵ·ϻվţ˲࣬мƥ
Ա߻վˡ
ƥһ㶼Ҫԭ·˲䱸ͨİղԭֻ̧ۿԭЦȴȻס۾һգգؿǰɫµĺɫӰ
ԭҪǰĽŲҲͣ
һȺͯϷЦЦڴǰġǡԱߵҲΧϵ˵ź֣ʱȴѾԱߵЩ˵ʲôˡ
ǰҲ
Էղ԰ףȥǰ񳣬ԺȴʲôըԱߵĳһ˲ɿȥĿʣǰˡ


214 ǻ
صġǡͻȻֹס˽Ų, ǿʲô˵ĶԱеİ˳ųĿǰȥܿ췢ľȻһ·ˡ
˳ҲܳڣֻǶԱǵĴǳ˵ʸ, Զ۾һ֮ˡ
ʱ, Ҳ̧Ŀ⣬ų⡣Ŀ䣬ˮӳų⣬ȥͬ˹âһ
۱ѾȺУ״Ҳ̲סؿ˽ʱ¶, ҲǸеȣںԱߵľӺ𾪵ؿԣֿǰİĶ̷, ̷òпʲôߡ
ԱߵȺѾʼ˵
¹ôˣ
¹ӿ˭
ƴ˴ˣ¹ѵʶ

Աߵ˲ͣţɢ, ٴѾģһƬŴ, һԷ, ȴû
ǰ˵ȴӰȴ淭ӿ̶ϴ, ҹƵĵȴҲѩﲽСڼһһػ룬پʱǰѾʪ, ǰӰʱʱģǳǳӳͫ
ĳڵ, ʪˮҲ˽ɫ⿴ų⣬˿Ҳ̲סһǰȥ
һ֮߳˵ľֽЩֽԽԽĺӰڿ첽ȥ
ߴľ𾪵ؿЩѾˡ
ֻ֡
顣
ԼٶȺ֣ǰŲҲ޷ɲסѾײ˶Էš
⡣ײһ̣оԷһ£סԼļȵϢձ߷Ϥһ˫رסԼؽԼӵڻС
飬һˡ۾Ѿģͷ˵ļֱסԷ֣ٶ˻ƵشӶԷߴ룬һˡ
һظŻ˵Ķ̷ؽ˰ԼĻ
˵ӵһ
ɽ£Ƿƣս롢ЦˮѺ඼Ϊ˼ȴڴ˿½˴š
·ԭͣ˶ȵؿǰһĻǸոջǰ˭˭֪һתۼǼصĴǾȻȻ
ô£
˵˭ͳ¹ʲôϵ
ǡ
һ˲䣬ԭϨ˴Ƭ·˲ţ˽˴ؿţԭѾֵȺٶȷͬ
ѾڵԭһֱΪԼĳһ侲ˣڸոһ̣ȴֿԷһ侲Գ֡ȫԳĿҪǳǴеǸˣӵָ˭
ĪǡĪǡ
䡱
̲סӺӿȥһۿȴҲǶԷ֮ɫӺӿԼĻӵȫڳκˡ
ǰ͢ξҼƽ߽˴μĻ;Ϻ󷽲ͬ˴ϲŮɫ˵飬Ҳֻ֮ǰľһˣ߱ûг購⡱ȴǵĻʵ۱һ𣬶ҿϵ˼ѾȫĬʿɡ⡢⵽˭ѵĺ;йϵ
ƽ߽ӿ캧ˣٿͳʱֻǵĻĿ΢ԭϵҲ֪ǱڻǱǰĶ̷ڻü֮鿴ȥ˲١
ϿھûЦ
ͬʱôһͷҲ˴ʥʱͻȻִһ˴ɢɢⶼʲôĸۡɢţ
֪ݴΧۣϢ˵
Զشƽ߽һ㶣ԴȥֻԶĵˣһϴξ·һƷΣ֪ݵĴ硣ƥ󻹸һЩۣдСĶһͬӡ
֪ݹһ򣬰˵ڼصһСӣ֪ݵĹְΪġ
ƽ̷߽ӦҪǰˣȴ֪װϿǶˣ¶ɣ۾һæϣ⡢ⲻ͢ξҼλ
͢ξҼƷĹְǸ٣֪˵Ĵһû뵽ԼҪҵ͢ξǰ̴Լ·ˡ
߽һ㶣۾ϵҶˣ
ǣ¹ǳԪĽʿھǴְʱҼλˡ֪̽һԼһԴӴ㿴Դ˳Ԫ궼ǰˣ˵۴Ѿ͢ξ䣬ߴҲְ̲ϲϲ
֪ݿžûٳ֮ˣƽ߽ɫֻǿ׵ص˵ͷ
λѵأӦΪǰɣܻ쵽ƽ߽ȵλѾǴ֪ݼѵڴˣ˰ͽ˼ǰµˮйͨ·˫üһֵǰ˻ÿλ˿·
ȵȡء֪ߺϣƽ߽æҪֹ
֪ȴ𾢣ѾǰϣµţҪΪλ˿·طһ˶̷֮ǰ칧ԴС⡱ꡣ
һŲæֹֹٿ̷ߵĳˣȴ΢΢˲գӹ
֪䲻رţֻоһɺӽŵһ㶣æٿһⳤ˵òȻ͵۾˼
ʡϣ˵òɭ䣬˹Ŀ֪ݺܿÿְ֮ʱգüۡòϢȫȫǵʱʵ۵ӣ
ĵغˣڷӦ˫һ͵ع£ݵݼϣ꣡


һ¡
ֳԭٶСȥ˲۾𾪵ؿǰĳߵˡ
ո·ǻϣϾȻ˼СطոջϾȻͳӵһ
ͻȻڼصĳ⾹ȻǺͻȹϵ
ȫû뵽ڿջĶ̷꾹ȻôͷʱڷӦæŹزΰݵ꣬꣡
һһ䣬ֹ飬ϵİաҲȫ𾪵ǿصġǡֿ͡ǡˣһƬĬУԭӵȺһƬһƬع
ꡣ
Ⱥһ쳹һء


215 ؾ
, ·Ͼֻʣ½ͳ⡢ƽ߽˻վš
峿ķ˿ӣԱߵһһرվڽ, Ȼ΢΢ӲĿŴӽƵԱߵС
ô˿ͽڡڡ
ֻһѪҺֱ, ۾ﻹˮ⣬ȴӿһɫ, շ·ֱյñͨ졣
ֻڽ, æʶ£ָ, Ҫӽ¼, ո뿪Է¼, ȴȴһѿס
ߡסǽ顣
ϻһƲɢҩϢǼȴϤѩһ, ̧ۿ, ȴԷǰ˿΢۾ؿ
, ֺڡһһƵ
⿴Ž飬ˮ⽥н, գ۾һЦݣȴ۾ѾʪһƬæ̧ȥ۾Ứ, ٶ𴽽ǣ˼Σڵ͵͵
, βˡһ˵һվڽߣֻסԷ֡
һҪʱܵ£ָץסԷָûɿ
Ա߰ջϲƸ졢񡢳ӭ۽ǣԱվŵ˺Ϥһվһ𣬱˴֮伸ûз϶Ƿ׷һȺذݼμϡ
ǵڵĲμһΨк̧ͷĿⲻϣæĵͱͱֱۡ
ǣϲˡ
ʲôʥǰСҲֻеһˡһ㶣ʶѹ
϶ġִˡ߲ˡٺЦ˼ڵͷʹ˸ɫ㲻롮ִˡμĻ磬ϽΪϰŸͷⲻʱ򣿡
졢̲ס˺һۡ
ٺЦ
еæ̧ͷյġִˡֿϣԭҲǵ
*
һء
˾ǵųβɫķŮӷϼνΣϵ컨üĿŷ⻺
ڣſŮ٣²عӣ㿴ƽʱľګګģȻҲ죬
ôҲ֪Զ׵ˣϸһ糺졣
ͱȡЦˡӵĻãЦŹΪʵϲӣЩš
˵˽Ҳһɫѣ·ʽ򵥣ڴϴţһԵĸоھְǰֳģѷɫ
һŻףĿڳĺϿ˼ۣ𣬲ƽһ⣬ȻЦʵӣأ÷һ˳
˵⣬ڴ˴¶棬·˸Ӿ⿴˺ۣ磬ҴΪϲɡ
غ󱻵֪ݵݣȷʵ˶֪ǸȻܺÿȴǵϣҶԻηηֳȷʵ֡
ϱ¶ݵʱͳӵһ𣬴ƬϵĴ󲿷˶ĿãѾسڰдȻڽϣвش
һ£ϺͼءǡϵǳҪһʵûڣҲûлرܣֻǶǵҰ
⼸Ǵ죬ǰյװ磬ƺ˺ܶ࡭
ġִˡͻϹأǿɵøˡҺ;һʱʲôûУֻѶԹţһۿĿһߵľҪδȡְɡ
۾̧̧ų⿴
ǸЩʱȻһбǬţڰձ֣Ҳȷʵǳ󡣳һ㶣ƾܣ˵ĿڴؿֻЩʱ
һպһվµĺӾͽɡ
Դ;һۡ
ǰĵ·鲼ȡҲϣԺܹնηգһǰ⻺ֵ
Ǿͽк
ĿҲŵͷӦ
δĺ޶ϲԽ⿴ţ΢΢һЦ
λƫƧȻһЩ֪ǼصĴǣɾ֮ǰͻһһĻҲǰƣƽ߽˿⣬̲סžƱ̽
˽̸˼䣬ǳ˼ڱƣϲ֮ɫӰȺĿ͇ɫ뺫˵һȥ
ɫıֽһأһش֮ɫһȻһŵĿͷ
Ѿȥɫ࿪ʼ䰵⿴ŷżۣĿֳ̧ͣƿš
ڻ谵кڰȼգŶķ̲ͣػζԾҵĹҡҡλΡ
ڵϣһӰĽ¡
⿴Ӱӵˣԭ侲ĿͣתϷš
ŵһ̣µӰѾһЩϤ𣺡ô
ѾͳãҿŶܸˡصʱ򣬺ƽ׼ȥֶ
˵͵Цţ㲻ȥ𣿡
΢㶣üһȻݱˣǶһЩ棬ȥ治
˾š
㻹ڵҡֲ
̧Ŀ⣬ųںµա
˼ˣҲúһؾ飡⻹Ц˵ţȻ䴫һʪĴУ
һߵ͵͵غŶԷ֣оԼĺֱҧһڡ
ٶȵ͵ͷһʶ΢ΣѾ˼һײŰ塣
˵ӰҲСĿռڡ
Ϣ򥴦ٶȴͷɪһ¼һ飬Ŀָⷽ͵ͺһ飡
ţ̧ͷ
˵Ŀ⿴ţԾŵ͵͵Թ𡢱ǾҪؾˣһҪ
Цҿ˱
ֻòԣƿ۽Ľ飬ոտڣֱԷס
ӿϺɫ΢۾ϣԭҪƾٵȴ£ץס˽½
˽⿪ӣ¶ŵĺۼ
ζ˵ӰͶŰϣ䣬ҵϢ


216 б
繲ɢѹź, ʱʱмԶźƽȣ±ýȡ
ϻ, Ҳ֪˶ãоĻϨΣ˲ȼ, һƬ, ҹɫ֮С
ƽϢҹ, ˸鲼գɳ׶ֲá
ǹӴй, ޽Ǳˮʪ, ƣ۾˼ۣСع˼
ֲ̧ǰ鷢
ɪһ£ûмʲôڳٻ, ŲŲԱ߽ıͷ۾
ظӣֱ, ֹסؿߵˡ
ë, ؿƽ͵, ڣл¶ϸµǺͼû˿, Ѫ⣬¶Ҳкǽߡĸо
صЦţֿ˳ãŻزɶ£ֻס壬ųĶͷ˯¡
ҹҹ͸ִһֽ貵ǹŷͶڷĵϣһӡ
Ǳһϣۺ˯òʶãȻĻʱñڻ֮ǰУʱֿľ㤹ﳯԼһȴһգԽֳ̧ɱȥ
Щδʵȴó侳֮УǰȻһƴĺȺڣ۾޵
⵹һȴ۾Ȼ¶־ͺ£㤵ؿ󣬷·ǿ־
ʶʲôæתȥȴһǹ⣬
κԼһòֻü࣬еؿ
ϻйâƣϢȥϲɣĿ΢̧ժȥͷϵĶñһЦ
Դ϶лѾ괦һʱ䡣¿Լ꣬ĿԱ߲ʢȥɵǡ
ҵļ䡣ȳȥ壬վڳ࣬Զ޴۾ȥѾʼ㽥ʼںϣȻǲǰ飬ʣµļƬҲļһ֡
Ǽں֮ôһ㶣׷ʵ
Ѿǧ֮ãҲתֻأӵȫµ;ͳͬĸ壬Խ걻ػº϶Ϊһôֻ֮ʲôģ
Ҳ֪һЦֻȥǰĻ棬ųԽֻػʹûԺǻʲôӡ
ĬȻֻǿֲĻ󣬻ȴһƬ͵աϰ߰ߵ㣬ԶһĽɫӶ滺
ͳһţҲ֪˶ãǻеĻҲ΢ҹɫ¶ȡ
ģǰǽԶߡ˵
׿ȥֻԱߺһ¶Цݡ
΢㵣ͷЦЦųǰȥ
ɫһҹɫҹ΢ɢȡ֮ͷԼ𽥱ȵ¶ȡ
ļ𣬳һæµ
ۣٶȿľƵʶԱߵĽµɴ
ɴѾһֱӰţOO@@شŰɫ£ɫĳͦıϼ򵥵ţش䡣
ˣע⵽Ա˵Ŀ⣬˲ף
šӦһƿĿ⣬رѾһҪù𣬽һֱ̧㿴ϵĺɫۼһæ·
ɴӴһЦ
˲պ죬һϵĺۼһ;ȴĽһ˹ÿɴ½
ɡߡ
ĬĬ
ǰ㲻ô⴩Ŵ磬ƽԼһʱʱΪƴķδɿ塣ǰⲢΪ⣬ëΣѾϡ
Ŀʹ߿ʼϵſӣû˿ɢ䴹ؿڣһûһµöų񾭡
СĿһ󣬺һɢ
Ҵ£ɡͷֱȥʮ˳۾
ĿЩ㵣ڳĶ̷ͣһۣڴЦ·˵á
ЦȽͭľᣬýԼǰ̧ĳ
ķ˳ǲҲʮۣӣȻЩ
ӡУڵʱͷڣ˿ǴԼһμ棬ҲޱûжͷȥϽȻӡ
ҲûļܡΨһõóֵֻаͷһץһøһ
⿴ŽͷƤ
ôˣٳûжͷʵ
ûûʲô̻صôԼ˵ڵ飬æһŽͷһڼѰҪʲô򵥵Ŀʽ
ű߶һûһµţĿȴȻһڽһСڷϡ΢ͣںڷпһɫķ˿
ɫͷڽĺڷвͻأȴ㶵ؿš
ȻԼͽ࣬ǵÿնסڹУû취ԷϦԡʱƣҲѾʮµͣģȻȥᣬڻԼȽ黹Ҫ࣬ѾǱĵˡ
˵ͣʵѾ߹˴;ȵҪµֻء
ü
ڳǰٳûжпһۣԼ˿飬΢΢һ㶣Ҫתѯʣȴ⴫һڵ
˴ȻϲƼУƪѾԶΪŵĵؽ磬ͨ˸޷Ҳ̳ȥ
Ҳվڳߡ
һԵ鿴ȴڵľȻһֻɫĸӡҸ봦צϻϵһһССͲ
·ߵŸ룬̷Ӧǽ֮һۡ
ɫƽץŸ룬ִצȡͲͳһֽĿֽɨһۣɫ
ôˣ¶ɫӿһɲԤС
б䡣Ȼûһĳ𣬡ʦд˵鲢Ǽ򵥵֣ǽ֪ʦżҵš
Ȼ֣
Ȼһȴý黺̧ۿʦ˵κĴ㡣


217 
, ذ
ߵĵѣ߿̫ѳ֮ɫϻ, ƬƬĿľҰ±ŤŤģ
ƬһǰѾ˼ʱȴӰһǰһڵϻߡǰ˸Ӹ, ϵһÿһ±ζһ, 
۰, òʮῡһ˫۾ͫ׻ɢ, ûн㡣ֱؿǰһһķǰС
Ӳȹȵ, ɳĦһӰںظšⰵӰϴŻɫ, ؽ޴䣬·ʱԱߵĻü۾ϸɫ, ۾ǰ˵ıӰһ·ͣͣȴʼûкǰĿ¡
һ·û˵, ⺵ǰǰ˰ʱǰӺȻһ, Ųͣ
Ӽ״Ҳͣ½Ų, Ŀ⻹ǰϲŲơ
һĺ紵°ڡ˿ǰ˺Ȼһͷ, ڱڵɫɳƺͲм·ͨ㻹ʲô
ӰûֻվڲԶǰӰ
Ҹ˵ҾԲȥҽֳ鷳㲻Ҫ춼ƨвУ ӼӰûл죬תֳͷɫڲ㣬ߣ
˵ʱĿָֻһЩɣӰüû˵
ϵɫʱǰӰȻüëһšһʯӾԷϺݺȥ
ľͷҪߣûһһ
𲰲衣־󣬹Ȼ飬ӰһѽסͶʯӣڿڽһ֡
ǰǽ¼ݱ𲰲裬һֶ£֮ɫ䣬ԾǷǬ췴֮ڽ伣꣬ʱٳʱȴͨĺϡ
·ͨԼ֣Ҫ˵ʲôԭԹߵĿȴͻȻסĿеٶȻɢתȥ
е˼ֱǰĽŲ·ߵʯ飬һֹͣ۾ٶȴӻָѾˤڵϣ֮ǰѵλôͥ
ɫ˲԰ף͵ٻͷȴ·ͨѾ˹Ӱڿ˵ͳӣǽ¼֮Ҳܶ㲻ܲˡ
Ǻǣ˵׻Ϊ˽顣𲰲һ㶣ȻЦ
·ͨĬĬûгϣҲûзϣֹֻ
ΪʹðϻҪļӣ𲰲迴ŶԷƣȻٶ̧֣žؽĵһߣ̧˵˲ܣǰǿſɫˡˣϽ
·ֱͨƫһߣӲһŵҲҪϣԼ飬ʲôʱˡˣȻͻ뿪
˵ţ֣ĸɾԷϵĳ𲰲̧۾
ڡøѵĴ˵
ϸ΢ɳڿɢ𲰲ֱֱؿ۾
ǰ˵۾ﻹӰԼӰ𲰲輸ſڣƿԷĿдžɵɵǲģûɱҡ㡭㲻һ˵书ͨˣʲôڲģҪȥ𣿡
·ͨһǰ·ѱţҲȻһûлΪҹ㲻صġ
𲰲˵Ļٶʻضֻо۾Щʪæտȥ
ϵ̫գͷҪ׵ɫɢŹϢϵذŵϵ𲰲迴һڽеˮ˻ȥĿ¿·ͨ
ҲԼ
𲰲ҧҧȻҧԼָѪ͸ָ⡣
·ͨҪŵġݺݵ˵ĿȻһ̧ԷӡĨȥ
Ѫڶͷ޵Ĩڻһ۾ͼ·˿Ŀɨ
*
кɽ콣ѩԤͽ鲢ûڼشãܿ챸ƥһؾǡ
졢ڼضһʱգ˵Ҫ£ܿɿڣֻѯϲء費Ҫæơ
ǳϽʶļѣ뵽»顢;Ҳ˺ӣûн˸֪ˡ
졢ֻգĿͽͳ뿪
ʱڼֳСĶ뿪ʱæûж֪ΨгⱻŵʱüصСι·࿴˼ۡ
ֻǻ֮һЦ
СιٿųЦ̴ãŲƵԱ߲ŵϣαͦȻͨòȴĵӣȥȴʮģһһУһЦһӦ˵Ȼ·ദá
һ֪طӦҪæȴǰ𣬳Ѿǰתȥ̧ͷѾʮ֮⣬нԶֱʧҰľͷ
ڼ䶯˾Ϣʱ뿪ˡ
վԭأžȥ⼸շ飬·һΣңɼˣһˣûȻع
ֹѿٵǽ
뾩ʮյ·̣˴λؾ߽ƽʻƥÿһվʱֱһ룬ȵص뿪صյҹ
ʻǣѾȼ˵ƻ͸Ŵɢů⡣ÿʱȻԼһʹṦĴС˾׷֮
ֻǵʱͬգʱԼ֮У˳Ƭнڵء
ĬĬؿƬֱڻʳͣȣһһ԰ĳȣϤ鷿ſڡ
ִڡ󲿷ֵ˶ϵõ飬ȴոڽߵ˸еȣȵ߹֮󷽲дžͲ⡣
ĵѾʮµȴһֱûŮ죬ΨһģǾѾòڵľոոŻһòʮİȴǰľһڻ࡭
е˾鷿ڣЩȵؿǰһһˣؿŻ߸ŵüۡ
İСȥʮͣΪη飬ĺӣĿֻƽӵʱɨ˼ۣѾǰϳ͵ϣǽ̫Źż㡣
Ǵվģݺ󣬱㾫·ɸ봫ڽ顣𿪺һĿʮУĺڹעԥƬ̱㽫ŵԷ
λµСĶһ̲סǰһۡ
۶ŵݣȻʲôü˵˲ˣΪν̫˵ʬǣ


218 ͬ
һҳֽ, ࣬صȴд֮ļţһ䡰޶裬ʬҲûС˲ע⡣
º, , ̻ݻϱ˿ںʹ˴ֵܵԱ, ɺʮ߻δ⡣СҲԺ˵, ѵһس, ʬףԺߺУ˵Ӧúͽ̫дЩ롣
شù, ⲻ࿴⺢һۡ
⺢, һڷǬı֮ʱ, δ󣬻ϺүӵţĿֵӣڶټʱѾﳡΧ, ʱټĺһԣ⺢ȻӱڳɽʱҪһ㣬ΪϺүȥԵ, ʼεӰֻһ, ɬ, ȴԵñĺҪ¶һЩ
ʱͽἰ⺢ӣΧԳ£뿪ߡ˭ټһԺ󣬽龹Ȼûзͷ, Ȼǰ⺢ӽнࡣ
ڿȥǰأƺе㺦½飬һֱͷ̧ͷ˶ӡ
ֽĬһᣬĿʬ׺ġֻ𣬷ܵͽΨ֮Ԥ仰ͣһǽֽ顣
ʦȻƽʱϷ˼䣬ھϴⴧ⡣ӹţۿţϵ鲢ûд䣬ü𣬿ȥЩӦǿʲôԤ
ʦǺɽ콣ѩѩн¼һӦǵһˣҪ˵޷˵ֿĻΣձĸӿֲ
һѾ꣬ҺػԱչ֮£͢겦ֺ֣ǰҲǱˮнⳡӰѾǳոջĶݣҲΪ͢ظ˰۲ͣǡ
һгֱײѾãάϵֻԽԽѣԽҲԽԽ
οѩ˼󺵻ӣǾǡ۵Ķ಻⡣
ڵĶҲȷʵδꡣ
һʱ䣬˶Ĭ
鷿ڵĵ򾲾ȼţյóһ̫δأܿѰƽ⺵ֵķӡҲȥﵽʲô
˵ţ˵ȥȻֲ˲˵ָ£ŲӰ
һ㶣˵ȥĻֹסˡ
һ룬˵ҪȥְԴǰˡ
̫ȥʱͻȻǿӵзݵصȥӦ㹻İԱǰ꿴ȥͱȽ̫ҪСü֣ȻʹҪһЩȥû
к棬ȴ꼸ֹȥһС¡
û죬ֻ̧ۿվꡣ
òǰɢŹΣ·һƻһ㣬ˮ£顣
Է뿪еļᶨС
á뿪Ӱԭ̧۵ִ£ָ£䣬ЦΣգһ·һҪԼ
۾Ŀӡ룬·ͬɣ˵ͷӦһ
*
ȻҪǰܿ쿪ʼ뿪ǰ׼
һιдĴָⴢָҲ֪ǺԭȻӵܹһĿռ䣬˺ãص׼˼ʮڴףʢ㹻ˮ
ɺˮԴԳһ˵ǹƥ뺵أκָԴŹ˽ˮϣɢˣЩˮһȫսָ֮УԱʱ֮衣
󣬳ȥŷȡ㹻ĸ
òǹˣܶ˲ʶˮ׶ǽȥϲΥ˽ȴںλڻʵߵʲôݡ
ݡ˵ҹڻϵ޹йҹġ
ʶ˵һЩС˵Լǽг裬㶣ǣ̲סЦЦ
Ͳ˵۹⣬һλͽط꣬˺ܶ飬Щ˵ԲΪᣬοѾȻ
һ·׵͹ùߡ
ں̫Ǭʧûõ˳֣ʱ־ϲȡ߱Ȼһ£ֻð磬շܶࡣ
鿴õøˣȡССһһ򿪣ȴһһɫ󣬻Щɵĺۼڹߵڹԡ
ǽĻԼļ׸Ȼÿһζʧ³Լǰ
ĿԼŤŤĵӰһЦʰ𣬿Լϡ
ڶŵһľʵС
Сʱ΢΢һ㶣̽У⵶ֿá
ľСǵײΪϵͳʱҪģڳΪʲôὫľԶҲ֪ܵȻֵܵһ˺СĵȷȷΣбҲ˽顣
ͻġĿľͣ˴ΣգϿԷ
á֪鵣ģûƾܣСϣЦҴ˴ٽ⵶㡣
һЦ
⿴ŽЦݣд󶯣̲סֺͽ˵˼Ļ뿪鷿ǰȡ
λڻʼУԱߣȻѾһûлصʹԹڷֲѾᳵ·;УȴһߵӰڳϲͣػеĳ
ӰɫװеĳֱۻҪ࣬ʮַʱ˾˿һۣպͻһ꣬æսһݡ
ݼˡ๧
عһ죬û֪ݣ˴񣬳ͣ½Ų̲ס֪Ǵˣ
ڻߵģ信ܣҲֻ֪֣ܳǴˡص
һǫѷС
Ŀϵһۣڽϵĺտһۣ̲סʵôȵ죬ǻ
ǡҡͷǽ̫ģ˵ˮʯȻһ㣬ֻҪ֣һĽ
ѩݴѾ뿪ʳ࣬û뵽⺢ӾȻڼ֣а̾
ĿȴҲڳϴһᣬ̧ؿųˣ˵Ļ̫˵һΣ𣿡
ᣬҲ¡ȥֱӦһǰҪ飬ȻȻȥص
ͻܹҵ̫뿪ܾˣʵʵֵܵ
˵ͷĿ¶һ˿죺һҵ̫ţϣ
Ҳ
΢΢ü
࿴ų飬һԴҹֲøһҴΪϻʹһѵ𣿡


219 һȥ
Ŷ, û˵Ҫ
۾
࿴죬𻰣￩һ£ͷк䣺˲ҪᡭոնСĲ²⡣СԴʥˡ
⿴һС, üĿ΢, ڸͳһɾӵݸԷ, Ц˵, һֱڴô𣿡
ܾǰüºͣȻȥʮİϵʲ֪ľȻһϤĸо, ʱ, ָоͷơŶԷݹ, Ƭ̺ǵл, ӹСĵʵãǰн̫, ̫ߺ󣬺ܶ
Ϊʲôʵ
ֻͽѩ˵, , ʱŤɿĬĬصͷǼҹ, ϵ·Ʊã齻ңߴһ沽Ρ
˵ţЩɥҽ̫ߺҵö೼Ӷ⣬ôǳ, Ҳδػᰴҵ
кͳͬͨӵĳءݹҲšһš
̫գ³ȵϢϵĺˮԽðԽ࣬εδڵϣˮΡĬһᣬ£кеڶԷͷϲ˲Ц˭Ҳôֻ·ϣߴˣҲлںţ˵ġ
к̧ۡ
òǰ¿ȥ˵Ŀֲ̧ͣԼĺڳ֮£ִ߾޻ڣждɣֺóгӷڣϵ˴ηǿֻҪĺǻǿͲе¡
ƶǶص˵ͷҪôǿ
̫ǽ𣿡Ц
GȻ֮ǰ˵Ļֿеĳ۾
к˼̧ḧ½ͷЦУ뿪սǡ
ʼŵĶǧıԣƥ˶ĺǣǵʱȻվԭͣƬ̣ԱΧ࿴˼ۡ
Ա߰ģ׼ϣûжϢ
뵽ո˵ĻɵջĿ⣬ſƥŹ뿪ʳǣ˵ͼϵĵ·ķǰС
ûƥ񱼣һֱٶǰУһһʮҲûӰ״ٶŻгٶȣڵ·ߵĲš
һ·ϲûʲôˣʶ̽˼ΣûпϤӰ
΢΢üԼǲǶˣڲеЩظоʲôԼ۽˼¡
һ㶣æʶؿȥĿȴһֻɫĺļղų
ȥȥȥĺҼҿ˳ԷԱеСˣ̻ϵ
ĬĬؿ˺һۡ
ڳղɢȥȴûзԶȵС뿪һһεϲ˳ϵζڳ߷裬ʼûȥ
ĳϻƯĻƣ˲СҲɹڳǻ
ȷʵǻڣкֲϡ棬кճһˣ治˶࿴˼ۣòݣµشһ
Ȿһͷ̷ñ˲ι˲ٻأʱ˹ע⣬ü󣬱飬ֻʱ糾ͣ뿪ʱ괽ǹ˹¿ƥ
һεٶȴϺܶࡣеƥų̷ɿ죬ʱȫԦڹٵϸһٶȿþˡ
ԭڳǻȥĺеùƥٶȣһɢɾΨųͣڳ磬µ
ȻıܲûάֶãԦԽԽԶȵƫƧĵ·ʱԭں޳ӰȻ˻Σ˾Ȼһб
̷귢ݵѾһͷ£ˡ顱һˤ·ϣΪǰ˹ڵû˶
ǰɣƷֱϵ˳£ͣ
ٵϺֻܿʣһմ꣬һƥԭãȻزƥ
ʱƣҲ֪˶ãٵٶһٵɿǰ·Ԧ˴ؿٵϷŵӰͺɫ˲䡣
˵ĺֹУԭٵҲ˲ͣлûƥվȣѾɿǰŵӰȥ
⣡ǳ嵽ٵϷŵˣ˸£æϷŵ˵壬ŽźͲ
ŵ¶۾鷢½أû졣
⡢⡣æֻŶԷ˻Σ޴ľС
⻹ûзӦ
˺Ȼ̧ͷԭƣãȻؿǰĵ·ֽǰӵ뻳С
ҲʱȻоԼСǰʲô˶
һ㶣æͷȥȴԼĸǰǳõ֣ƺʲôʱԭһʧȥָ򿪣¶һɫ
ƷѾæŷУһһµǰš
۾ųɳĺ˳źɵķա
ϣ˫ڵ۾֪ʲôʱѾɫͷͷŰ쵵⣬һգգؿԼ
˵ĺһϡ
Ҿ֪⿴ǰ΢۾Ϳòܿ۾飬ǲҲ飬ʹһֱиң
黹άűųƣԭдתˮסˡ
֪ǰǺܲġŽ⸱ӣɿһŲƿĿҲܲšôΣգֲдָҪҿĵط£Ҳڵģοϻˡ
黹û˵ų⡣
Žҩζ֮еѩ֮⣬ԥƬֽ̧̻ԷͣԼմָסҪǻһȥɡ
ǰûг£۾ؿ
ֻԼ֪ѾٷֵڶΡ
áڲ˲ճָ
Ĵ𻰣ⰵ˿ȻɫֱЩִ٣ԭڵϵĽźȻ
ſҡһ͡
ţëһĿ¶졣
ɿңҪˡɿָæĶԷֱѹ
ü
˿ţ˿ţ⼱æֵ۾Ųȥ
ʱվһ̶ӣ̶Ǵ߹ģ·Ͽ˱һˣһˣһ˵Ŀⶼ߿
˱͵Ķ⼱ýߡ
۾˲࣬ˣ۾¶һ˿ǵûɿøˡ
ι⼱ֺ
ûлشֱӽӵϱ
ⲻýнֵֻ֣ιȵȡȵȣعӣ
عûлشɳ̶һ˵нֱӱԼƥ
˱ȻûôС֣ǰ˵ı̶һ˿˱֮ͬһƥ۾ɵúͭһ
ġŴӳ𣬵͵͵ĥųĶ䡣
⻹Žһ˲
鿴ǰպĶŵ͵Ц¿ǰĵ·һ˦

̶һ˲ԼͬͷһƬУؿʧߡ


220 ֵ
, ԽԽȣٵϵ˱ø壬ԭ̶𽥼, ·, ǾټǨƵļ壬һ·ӻĵؤ֮˵룬Ŀ
ͽͬ, 棬ʮպһСλڹٵм, ߶, Ҳǳ١
̫ԺͼֽӦǽһǳء鿴еĵͼ, ȹ, ֮ûеطˡ
ɺΪɺԺˮԴݽߣǰӴ䶼Ѿʧ˴, һǳص˼Ҳ˼н˼һƬĮ
ĮΣأͽֻпԼǰ
߰ɡ鿴ưܵĳ, ͷӦ, һ롣
һǳΪߣͨĽͨŦһвͨóУźֵ, ˿ڽ٣Уи־ټҳ룬߳Ҳ֮Ѹܣͽǵʱֻóд˲ӣӶѾմ˺ĳֻмվۺ͹Ա沼˹룬ʩࡣ
յͷ⣬ѾЩ󲿷ֶˡСŮӣڣǡʩǿȥҲѣȥ񲢲á
ûлصȻʱ֪ζ񻯣ҲûȥʱⷬΣֻĿ꣬˼ֹ
һʱԡһȵȥ󣬽Ŵߵ֪Ѿ飬˴ˮԴҲٹ࣬˴Ҳһĳǡ
̧̧۾ֿϢԱ߼򵥵ĴŲ·ȥȴһͷ
ڿ߳Ǵŵ񣬴󲿷ֻѾ;档ǳں֮£ôǰûмӵóȥ
Ҳ֪⺵µʲôһᣬлеǵδʣȵ
ڱ֮ʱó꣬źǰһ꣬Ҳ֪ǳ˥Եʣߵĸӣһζû£ԱߵĽ鶢˺þá
áߡ֣ܿص
нӦ𣬳԰һϢ֮һһſڣǰȻѸ˹һӰӰϴڷ첹Ĳ£ײǰλүλүǾȾҵܵܣȾҵܵܡ
µƥһ·;ʱѾƣ̾Ѱ㳤˻һ겻궯ϵĽҲǻ˻Ρ
û뵽·ɱһɫһ䣬Ѿ˺סƥԭɫԻЩڽǰȵ㲻ҪˣҰԼ͵£
ͻȻһû뵽Լһƥͬе˷Ӧɫһţæųڵķͷ£ذͷˡˡСŮҪλӵȥ·ʵСŮĵܵܿ첻ˣСŮûа취ֻλ
˵ţΨϵ˲Ӧϵؿͷ
Ŀⶨ˶ǰֻݹᾣȥͺС겻ʮӡ
һ㶣ͷһۡ
δ䣬ǰ·ͻȻɫԵЩ䣬Ҳû˵ʲôǸһһͽķ
ջĿ⣬̾˿ܵôˣ˻ˣ
̷Ĺүػæ˰ϵᣬصҡҲ֪ҵܵȥˮʱ򻹺úõģԺͲˡ˵˴ǰĹүϴӦٶȰݵӣֻҪܵû£СŮԸΪūΪ澣ΪλţֻҪܾȾҵܵܡ
⿴ŮΪ͵Ͳͣӣ뵽ʲôݵĳĬջĿ¿ƥ
ûзԣҲͬų
Ů״ٶȿͷлæһİþʱ˼ÿһ¶вͽǰ֮ʱֻпݣƲ
Ůÿɫ΢΢һ䣬æӿŲŶһ䣬ָŵһСӰ
ҵܵܡŮ
ζأͽһۣĿŮϣֻĵܵܿȥͽһСȴǡ˫ĿͣϷףɹڵķɫʱһɲȻɫֲͣץŵϵéݣ鼫Ϊʹࡣ
ĿȻסкϵɫͣ졣
λӣҵܵܣܾȾ𣿡Ůʵ
üк½һۣʵ֢ܵܳ״֮ǰûʲôˣ
Ҳ֪Ůһʱ䲢ֻǷزҵܵܽǸŸ˳ȥˮģһȥˣ֮˶ͻȻˣֻʣҵܵܡӣҺ͵ܵһ·ΪòײӵţһҪȾҵܵܡ
һ˵һ߰ؿų⣬ȴ̷üѵҲܵһ֢״
ȥӿǵ壬һġŮµҵܵȾʲô𣿡
Ⱦߣǰ£߳ǵ˿¶һǣҡͷһߣ֢״Ҽ
Ůһ㶣Ҳ⿴Ŀдѯʵ
Ǭǧҩô˶ԸǡĲ⣬ѹ
˲䰵üݱ
ֱʡ

Ĭ
֪ߵ·ݱǧ˿ƵϵѾ뿪һ࣬ԺͽۣһʱҲû˵״ﰵȥ
ݱ𲰲λн¼һֲٿĵλ崣һʮѲĽɫΣճ̶ȾԲڹܡֺأ²ʲôΡ
ⰵԵģ˶񣬵ԱŮĿ⣬лɢһǹ⣬кӡô룬ʼɢԷڵĶ
кϵʼȥʼƽȣһ۾
ŮϲæҪٶȿͷȴֹ̧סһ㶣ȴ˿ԼĵܵܣȻʵλСֵܣȥˮһͷϵˣ
кѣ۾¶һ˿ηã
Ů񿴿Լĵܵܣֿˣæǰܣǲǻˣ˵˵ϴˮʱʲô𣿡
нĻкԵðǰĶ̷侲ӣüϸػǡǽͺƽһ·һֵˣûʲôˡ㣬⵽׷ʲô£
Ůֹкͷ࣬ûиҰѾ˵ֻǿӡ
Ķ̷ڵʲôʵֵˣǶ𣿡
ûСкãȻֻԶͷкûӦǾ뿪ˣҺû
ݱɱˣϲ»ڣЩԩ޳𣬰ֱӲֻһƬţٶȿ顣
ʱҲ粻Ƭ̺ʵĸˣ
кһʷԼĽ㻳ɪһ£Ŀ־塣
ߣߵġкص


221 
ͽһۡ
߳߾û˵Ļķ, Ѱ˽ȥû㹻Ĳûа취߳ġ뵽˴׷˼, 򿪵ͼѯ뿪ľ巽λͷ
кһһ˻ش, ǰĶ̷ڵͼȦȦһãȻӡ
ǺΪʲôԼ֮İӣ, һ˶̷, һ翣ͷ·ﴥɼһ, һʱл㱡
ĽҲǰˣȵջصͼ׼æֹл, ˵֮ǰŵţΪūΪ澵顣
ǾͲˡ̷, ׼У㷴㡣
һҪߣŮкɫס¶¡
̷꿴ŶеĿ־, ΢΢һ, ʹȡһɺѾ, ٹ»û, ͳܵѰɡ
Ůͷлѡ
̾˿ûͣ, ֱĲԶȥ̾˿
ôˣò𣿡֪ʵˣ뵽ոյ, ̲סʵ
ǣͬУԶ˶ٽŲԱߺԼȼӡ
Щԥһ˫̶ˮͫԼЩο
ıеɫһһڻͷЦʵҲûʲôղֻ롭֮ɫ䣬޲ܹԶԶ룬ȴһ֪ΣգȴǲһҪһͬǰ
һ㶣ߵ̷¶ļֱ̌۾Լ
Ҳǡ΢㵵ü𣬻ص
½ϵѩϢů⿴ţʺ֪ĺȻ뵽ڴָһֱó飬ɫһ죬æתĿ⡣
һ뿪ڳеļй˳ݣ˲ʼ̽ؽ硣
ɹݲɳ紵ʱ쳾ͽص׼ñɴڻƳ˰գŸϵͷ׵̫£洵磬¶ֿʼ轵һһ²úˡ
뵽δδؾڣӴָȡݸԷһ·ֱ̣̫Ϧ䣬ڿƽһɫӰ׵ĻԹ֡
ɫӰķǰʱ̫ڵƽϣ˵ӰĳŤŤþȻԵʮֹɭȻ
ͽ鼸ͬʱסʮͣ
Ƕǰͼֽк˵ķλһ·׷Ѱʱڴ˴ײ񶾷ף⿴ⱳӰΣĽ
һ··ͽѩһˣǰûдӣȴߣûзƥ˵ĿͣȥͼеݱòԶ
⿴飬Ȼɴ½ĿȻҲ˶ߡ
Զиһǳóߣǰ鿴
ûݱصĿԣֻܴƥԶ档ĿŶ̷εƶֻӵǱӰԱ߷ķݶ϶¸ӺӰݣƺʲôȵĶµɫȻ˱䡣
ӰɻûвԱߵı仯ǰ
ڷֿһ󣬵ȵĿͱӰӷ߹Űķ
ûĻѾе
ݱĶκβҡ֪ʵʲôлش󳤺һ֪˭ˡǰڵĵʱ
һ㶣ü
뵽ĵǶʱգĻǲһֱ״̬ĬĬǽ͵˵ܲ߶¹ҳΪõе޻֮ˡǰǸ¾ǵΪ˶ԸܣصݱĶƳɵҩ֮һ
ǸʱѰ޻֮˽׸ܣóæǰѣһɱĹʦסһ굱ҩ˷ûô
ֻǵĺȥԶҩ޻ǣȻɽˮߵ˴ΪĿһ͸¶Ź졣һ·ǧҩ˴Խ򣬿²֪ж޹ĪС
ֻоëȻֲԤС
޻֮꣬ĻѾɢѾͬ죬е˴ǰʲôٻڿڵҲеķ򣬾Ҫȥĵط
Ӧǡͷ
һᣬ뵽޻ҩ˲лӸķϵĴһƳҩ˸Ƴ֮ϣԶԶóƥųǰ
޻ҩƳΪֻڷʱᷢʵɴжϣµ򣬺ͽһн
ʱѾװһϿգɢŻƵĹߣҲ֮ɫֻϵȴ׽ֱ衣˸ׯѡһɾĴ̣ũҳޱһͬ齶ߡ
ʱڽ⣬ⲻ˯ùǳһ󣬶ϺȻִ޻ҩ˵
һ㶣鲢ûط´ߵƳԡ
䵭¹޻ҩ˲ϵʱҩƳϲͣһ˫۾ϱߵķס
֮ⷽǰָķͬⶢһᣬ޻ҩ˻ǷӦǿңǽ⿪ŶԷĶ
ҩ˵ɣֹͣת죬ʼϷȥ
ⰵüֿׯϷƽϣӰӰ´µӰ֡
һʶæ죬ȴӰĸݵŮ⼸Ů沿ݣչ͹ȥѾֲͣ˵ˣ˵ںɹʬ塣
޻ҩ˲ǵĴڣѾһһ˹ȥŮҲвһ˫˫۾޻ҩ˴۾ȴǿտնʲôûС
Ȼһȥѽ飬֪ոҪ׼ͷºȻէ⣬ǣӰء
һɨǰѩаһӵͻȻӿд
䣬нӰ£ҹĻͬ˽꣬ϵ
ɫһ䣬ûӦ֮ʱ㿴޻ҩ˾ҲЩӰһ˲䱻Ľѹȥ
۾޻ҩ˵£ȴӵӿм𣺡ףôﻹһ


222 򲻹򲻹
һ, Ҫ˵˿ȥȴȻоͷн, ͵̧ͷĿ֮Ȼѽڵķλ
ü죬֮ʱŷХӰûСֻһ˲䣬ԭڵλ类ϯһ㣬һƬǽ塣
ɫһ䣬Ѹתγһ֣µĽײ, ƹƹҵ
¹ӳ֮£нڵ, źһĽ⣬Ҳн飬̱ɢʧںҹСһ, Ӱɢ, ¶ҵÿӿݵĵ档
һƬ˲ֻʣ³ڵĽػƽ꿴Ļ۾
еҲע⵽ı仯, סһ
, ֿʼûѽ, ٶϳ
ڵϸձ걩ĳɫһ䡣
ոûͽԿ, ѾԼԼԷʵǿͻȻֵ˾ȻҪһ뷢ȫҪļƣĿһ, ˲գһϷƬ˲ͬȣϵԴһӳ
üһеû뵽˾ȻܷУֱƶһгһָ򽣾Ȼͬ˷һѽһϿյȥ
ϵͽӰײɢҹɫ̻һ·ƿƣ̧ۼմһѾ޴ĳĿһѾ˳ƳϽһ̤ڽϡ
⺵ؾ컯ͬһˣ״ȴ۾һҲգϷûйˣվԽ
˵ţг˲ӿնУ
һǣ֮һ֮ƣ֮ǰӦĽ˴ͬյϽɱУɫٶһ䣬ʶãĿֻ֮ѩĽԼıǰɹǰԭ鷢һС顣
ͫ׼
ͬĿǰ˾ȻܱܿĽһݣһŽ棬ԭ˵ĽȻСһ̽գʲȥĳ֪ٶ۷ĺ󱳴ȥ
˲һգû֧岻ϵ׹ƿն
˵ָŴ
ǰһֱ׷Ŵ򣬳۽΢飬ڰյȻǹϸ˲һص
˵˭壬һ˷ɣ˲ڿͣǳշ衣
ǣһ֪û뵽аȻὲüëһ̽ȡرĽѾͣӰɱȥ
˵óѣ̸񵲡ӳ֣ѾײַϻǴ󿪴ϣԷĽӰһ
˲仯Ĺߣһǹ貣һǺ⣬ϵؽ֯ײÿһνӴгײƽĺը
̶ʱڣĹѾײ˲°ٴΡ˸Դէһۿȥ൱ÿһζ֮ʱǹĹâҪʢһЩӰȴԽԽϸ
ԭɨ庵ʬڴ˵ⷢаδųЩʬоȻиԴ书ģȻܹϿѾ죬ν֣ԷʵԼ֮ϣĸ𾪡
书ǿǲ٣зݵ֮ܵȴ޼˼ô࣬δ˵ĸ̷ӻֱµġ
Ҳ֪ʲô·йƸԽԽףÿһ͸ǧֵܵ
˺أҪɽ𢡣˼״ҪһִѹȴȻһȻͬĽŷХ
һû뵽⺵ﻹе˵ĴڣоǳƿգϺ˪ѩʮϤӣһ㶡
ͻȻֵĳѾײͶ̷˵֮Уһסǰبڶ̷˵ǰ
ӣ䡣
ͽܣ˿⽣˲䷴Ӧ
飿ӦĶҲͣסˡ
ˣ
˻һۣͬʱϿȥֻһ˴ŵĳҹƮ𣬴Ǳ紵洽ɿһϿ¶һ˫Ϥӣǽ˭
ڿдסȴողһѾһӿԾ£ڽߣϲ֪ʱ˼磬ڽļϡ
ôˣǶ̷˻һһߵ
ʺţһգգؿš
춯ġȿߵӣһֿվŵİˣĬһ󷽲ߵ˵ô£
Ҳ֪ô¡ûȶ̷˵Ѿսʣӿн䣬۾ػصڳϿţͽˣа
аոձ˵ӵĳͷߡ
뵽֮ǰµĺУ
⿴ǰ˹رܵӣֻоƤ
ܹнΪͽܵģ¼һ˺ɽ콣ѩѡ˰׷ͯգףȴȫһʮĸ䣬һӣüĿ֮ԱͬںɽĽϢȴҪϺܶ࣬ʱ֪ģоǲͬľ棬Ŀһһƣڽϡ
šѾס˳ģʦǳ⡣ 

ѩٶ𾪣Լͽܣֿų⣬òײ¶һ˿򣬵ɴ۾ٶȿڵǳ⣿ľֳ裿Ϊǿȥݵˣ
лҪ˵죺ҿͽܵܳüʱȻҵһžҪ


223 
ݣʲôݣѩ˵ġ, ãȻʵ
һŽѩָɿȼ
λ棬ݾÿλ֮ͭǽڡѩûע⵽ɫ, ۲Ķ̷, Ӧòˣ뿪Ժȥ㣬͵͵һΡ
̧ۿߵĽ顣
ʱ޷δ, һ鴹۱ߣס۾ɫ, ȴַڴֿ˼
ѩ̾, ֻôô, 㿴ɵͽһֱδ, ŵҩ
Ŀֹס
ҵˣȻҿСӻģٴΡѩ, ĿȻһ, ˣ֮ӣʲôʱģôģ
ҡⱾΪϵǺ̫Ǭһɱ׽, ʱѩ˵Լȫһ£һʱȻ
ǵԼԺһֱ̫, ϡбӡµİ̺ۣѯԭʱԷҲֻ, ûк˵ԭʱѾͽһҲһֱ׷, ֻգΪգȻٴȥôΣյ¡
ûл, û˵Щ£Զ֪һ˻иΪѰͣɵ¡
ĬȻ˺һŵڵĵطҲûȥĵط
ֻгȥܶ磬أͳʼںϺڽ֮ƺҲࡣ
ѩŵͷ˵ݵ飬ȴˡ
ʦôʵ
Ѿ˵ѩǰѾ࣬һͺͳ⽻ʵ˷˼ѩԣһæⲻ׷ɺԭ򡣵ûþܵн࣬⺢ӲŶŵģ
Ĭ
֪ǵİΣæԭίһ顣
ѩţŵǷűҪδȻҽѾ֮ûʬǵԭˡ
ͽһۣ뵽޻֮ԼոʬԤС
лʬǣһⶼԷʬȻѩѹ۲գЩʬ߾ۼ˴ȥܿʬ֮ȹ£˴κֵΣշͬһ㡣
ʦǹʵ
δѩкɣɫһ¶ΣԼ°ڣ¶һɱˮҵΪʦҲղԲȣеˮԴ͸ˣֻԣ޷ҵڡ
˵̾˿ֺͽôģʻȴȻʲô϶ʱһ䣬ߵǰ潣¹ĵط
ôˣ죬æǰȥȴڳǰ治Զʬ壬һ֮ǰǴ޻֮ˡ
޻֮˵ĹؽڴʱѾ𲻿һô˵ĺ޻֮˾ȻϢɴ۾ϵȴû֮ǰ졣
⿴Ĭһ󣬸޻֮˺ϵ˿ڣ󳯽ҡҡͷ
ѩϻиϢɫɵһ䣺ʲô
ʮǰıдطǵĲ֮ˡվ̾˿ԭ·𣬿޷Ϊָ·ˡ
𣬳⿴޻֮˺Զʬһؽڴȫ飬վǸ⡣
˹ǿһֽȻ׼뻯
ԼĽѩĬĬٶֱһᣬŻһ£ʵǲҪȥ
һǧܷܲβܡձУֱҵǹΪֹ
ѩԼͽܡ
šص
ѩ
ڶգͳȻװѩܰﵽ˵һɵӸǣƥŪһͰˮӲǿĿɿڴ׹б
нѩļ룬ƥѾ˵ˣ⽫ԼƥøѩͬһƥȽ԰һ㣬ǰǰͨͱӵϢԺﾹȻֵɽԼ߹ɽ·ĳ
ʱǰɫѾȻͬľҲ仯ţΨһľÿһ顣
΢΢ЦЦһǰС
һ·ͣͣźǣǴŵ޻֮Ѿ޷Ƿϵʾ
ֻץס顢ѩ˶ʮʱֵ磬ؿǰ浥ĵ·ϾɫģӵĵƽͻȻһӰ
ǰˡѩҲ˶ĵˡ
⺵ؾʬǶѼӰ˾˲һĵʬµ򵼣ߵýˣŷֶ˲ǸˣһЩ졣
еĲֻһˣɺԵϣһӰӰĵȥĲӲȣѾһһҡΣÿһҡζŶɢ뵽Ա߸ĿС


224 𲰲
ʵ, סƥԶӰǳ, ü۾ϸ·˭
·ͨҲһ㶡
·ߵò, , ԼԼǰ, ̧ͷ·ǰ, ֻԶӰģģ, ϡһ, ֹסŲ˶١
ȻŲոͣ, ֻǰһת, ϥһ, ǰȥ
ǰһѷסı, ϻǵĺɽѩϢ, Ȼ¾, ȴ쳣˰ĵĸо
عӡ·̧ۼɬ
·, ôڴ˴Ļ·ߵĶ
·Ŵ˵ԭί, ûǰòǰҰѹѹذʱж˳ʧȥʶ
һæзס·ߵ, ۿȥ֮ʱֻӰʱտ£ɫ԰, ɫѵƤˮѾõӡ
·ͨĶϻģѪֻһۣ滭ŵľȻһֻ۾ͼڣĿȻɫҲ˲¶ֿ־塣
ô£󣬳ҲѾڽ·ͨĿ˳Էŵˣæӵߡ
·ǽ¼ݱ𲰲裬а֣Խ黳е⣬䲻Ҳɵʱȴ𲰲ʱ˫Ŀأ΢Ա֪޾ϢȻ٣һһϢģ
أڴ˴
û·ߵ֧ţ𲰲бһߣûκζ״̽𲰲·һѱ£ƽڵϴԵ̽˱Ϣ
ⲻһֱޣѩҲ߹·ߣֿͬԲѵ𲰲裬ɫ¶һ˿棬ף޲ǸõвشеСëͷôҲ⣿
𲰲Ȼͽ飬˶ȴСѩᵽвءʱ򣬳һ֮ǰͻȻֵ޻֮ˣ֪ľһֲԤС
һ߰˼һߴԵؼ𲰲״ü¶һ˿죬Ŀض𲰲ò
𲰲Աߵ״ûκηӦϸ·Ҫֹĳ˯
ԼĶһüǣֻһϢд棬ˣ
𲰲һѾ£˵Ӧû𲰲費ɽĶ֮ôˡ
ǣͷ飬ȴҲѾ·ߵ壬Ƭ̵·߲ûˣӦˮգŻʡ
˳ʵΣͽнǣҲڸ·ڵ·Ѱһ䣬𲰲·аá
ֿʼ֮󣬰վټǨƣׯȫãþߵһӦȫչ·ʱ󣬷ŴӰõķ߳ÿŵĳ֮
𣿡𲰲ǰƸڻԵ𲰲Աʵ
·ǳʶļ֮һһͬգ·߲ϧ¶ݰԸˣĶ壬Ҳٲһǣҡ
·һᣬԪˣʲ»˯ˡƫ˵ĽʦԱտӦûʲô󰭡
԰ģ·߿˵ô
·⼸һֱڵвءĬĬ𲰲ʱ˵𲰲¾Ǻвйء
ɫ˱䡣
вع죬ճѾ֪Ϣ˴ܿǲͬͽڵ磬Ҳͬͳڵ磬һȻԻ͹ʱеڳļĺòĹ¾вʢһʱдա
̫಻ȷأʮǰ˴򿪴˴ħУһɽƱ仯ܡݱϲĹӰԶ鵱ʱܾܿǱһĻǣ۶ǽ˵ǽһĴڡ
·ͨ˵⼸һֱ𲰲裬һǰ𲰲ͻȻʼܿƿʼߡ˶ûע⣬ֱǰ𲰲豻ƵʱԽԽãѵʱҲԽԽ٣·޷Ʒ𲰲裬ֻһ
·ԣ𲰲֮󲻶ǰУֱһ֮ʱҲһ񷿹ҹһҹ𲰲ûѹ
ֻ·һ·ֻñ𲰲뺵֡һ·ˮѾͳ⣬¾ҪɺС
Ž齲ȥԡ𲰲νʱ𲰲⸱ģѾԼ𲰲˯ԭ
Ĭã̧򥣬𲰲޻֮Ѿûа취ָҵ·ģܹ޻֮ˣֻǡ
ֻ˴вǿǰΣء
û˵ڣĿ⻺ڽϡ
ǰôΣգ㻹ǻǰ⿴ص
ǡҪһԡ
Ǳѡ֮£ΪңҲҵĽ

ĿᶨûƳȥء⿴ãûоܾص˵ͷ
ԥǹصݱĶͷ


225 
, ³ְ߰ߵǹ⣬ݱָ̾ܵǹ⻺شӶ, һ𲰲ͷ̾ᡣ
𲰲ԭ԰׵³Ѫɫؿڻһ¡
״һ߽ɢһ߹۲𲰲ûñ㿴ԷƤµתǿʼָʶӡ
ָһʱ, 𲰲ƽ, , ̧ĿһʼЩãȻ, ڷɨһȦ䵽Ավŵϣ˵ģʱ, ɫһ, ԭָǵɫȥ
𲰲ͳ֮Ƚ֣ÿμ涼ľڴϿ۷, ٿͳµģ, ؿ£ƫƿĿ⣬, ´ǵӴʲôķ, ȻѾͻϴˣôôңҵ𣿡
𲰲ȥǺǰһԵһѾ꣬òû䣬һֱڼɫҲû䣬ʱȥȻɳ, ﻹǹ˵֮ʱĳ
뵽ڵĵʱϾȹûټƽݱ𻰣Աߵ£ŶԷƿͫףŵҺͽ̽飬·߱ε·ϡ
𲰲迴ŷ۾˲һ˿
⽭öû˻˽ԼĶ״˵㲻ܻԼĶǡǹԼ¶
𲰲ڴϣʶţȴһһҲû˵ãֱָƽĻ𣺡ò¡ݱô棬Ҫܡ
˵˴һһʱĿȻֱеĺȻѸȥҲȻֹڵ۾һһؿʼתȻֱ㶵ķȥ
۾תеһԣһ𲰲ͽ֮䡣
𲰲ȴǶŽķ˲࣬ȴһӹ齣顱һ졣
𲰲ĸǳǰҲҪ棬ʱһģóд󺧡̧ۿȥȴڵϵ𲰲ܿĵشӵվ𣬵۾ĳһֱûб䣬Ӱٶ»سͽķ
𲰲·ģ޻֮޼ѸʶԼͽʱվλö𲰲ڵķߡ
̲ƫãȻ𲰲һһŲŽŲҲӦ
ͷ鿴ȥ
·˵Ĳ١̽𲰲۾Է۾ֻǻеµĽŲȴûͣ£𲰲޻֮ʶӦ֪ʲô
ҪҪʵ
·˵𲰲ʱܲȶʱһΣʱ춼ûлָʶƾöзӦǴУз
ԣ·ͨԺԶԶ棬Ψ𲰲˯֮ʱűߣϧǴ˾ٱˮнȴѭֻǰԽԽ
Ĭ뵽𲰲ڽϲһÿ겻Ƕžڿ࣬˭гһձˡ
Ϊֻ֮ܵ𲰲㣬ĥҪҪ޻֮һ㽫𲰲ǿдߣԺкһ
ӦõĿвصĴСвпǵǹϺܿƬ񹦳ɴ룬ӦǸƬĿʼѣŻӦסȥûʲô飬ȴϤ
࣬¶ϲɫĥ˳ĻһæʵĿѵǾ񣿵ʲôƬʲô
ûش⣺Ҽǲˡ󡭡Ƭа취ܹ˻ѡ
Ѿǰһļ䣬ѺְԼ˲͵һЦͳԽ̸˼󣬱˵
֪뷨ֻѯ˻𲰲ķûΣգȡȽ𲰲ֽŸסԱߵαϡ
𲰲ȻҵΪֽűƣֻڿз˻ͷɢÿһ㲻ͣ죬ҡӶǶ
𲰲豩˵飬״ٳɣǹӿһеĵȥתΪ͵ɨǰ𲰲裬һƴ𲰲ؿڡ
̼䣬ǹ磬𲰲͵һԭ˲ֹסһ͸Ȼ͸翵ش͸ԱߵΡ
𲰲ģʱǰĳ۾Ŀ¶һ˿ãû˼Ӧͬʱǹǹؿڴӵȥ
𲰲æãȴ屻ס޷ٺ˰ֻ֣ؿų̽Ŀںݺһץγһ״塣
뿪𲰲壬ڿзŤͨ͸ڣΨͷϳһֻ۾һĿĳߡ
۾¶ֺ£
֮һ޸ǿгߴһ¡
Ŀ̱ɢͬʱɢĳ¶һ⣬ڿгŵķȥ
Ǽһ˲飬һ⿪ʼƮȥ
𲰲忴һУ׹ʲôæ⿴ȥȴǹɫȴԵԱ߷ߵһյס⡣
ٿ⵽Ǻȴо屻һɾ޴·Լ塣
Ƭǰȷķ򡣡𲰲»عڰ֮Уһ˵
ǲǡ𲰲ξ˵ʲôǵصƣ޷ֻۣ˯С
һ˯һϣȵҹϮʶָۼæۿȥȴǴŵԼҹĺɫ
ף͸¶ࡣ
𲰲ֿŴһᣬҹ뿪ȴԼֱʮֽʵԼ֮ǰ⸿ʲ
͸ǵԸǸ˵Ʒû뵽гһջ⵽Լͷϡ
ϸֳһ˿Գҹһ֣ͨؾֱƱʲôѹס΢΢һ㶣̧ͷȥȴԼıԱ߲֪ʱſһˣϰ߲עĿÿÿڰϢʮᵭһʱ侹Լûв
Ӱ޽ɢңտʱ۾˯ûΪĶ
𲰲ջԼĶĬĬؿŰӰã̧Ťͷ򷿼һĺڰ
*
һ죬𲰲·嶼Ѿ͡·ŽҪǰģܿͽһͬС
˴ֻгϴˮԴҺѾ룬·ͨһ۷ҲȫͳǴ·ߣֻǶԷҪС¡
·ͨͷӦǡ
һ֮бǳΪΪֳǰδ֮£˭֪;˽飬ɽ콣ѩϼҴڴ·ͨ𲰲裬ʵڳļƻ֮⡣
˿ԽԽ࣬ȴɲֹۡ𲰲ĽȷʵвйءݱѾǽϳ˽ѩΪ֮һҲ޷ѿƣɼ˴κмΣգʱһս
˵֣ѩȴʾԼδضǰΣաֻҪԼ·ͨҪŽ飬𲰲νֽű˷ͨҲɲԼ
뵽ƥѾǰУȥĻ˷ϾɵشУ·ͨ𲰲ϣɽѩԼͽͬһƥƥ޻֮ˣյյƬǰС
н˴Լҵʱ䣬һ·ʬԽԽࡣⱾ볢ץһоһ⵽ʬΧ
ʬѾûΪУݣҽѩ֮ǰϹΣѾ˾飬ʬĹؽڣЩʬ˦ں档
·ڸݱصʱҲͬʬûıΧ棬̲סߵ𲰲裬𲰲豻﷢ëҧԼָÿ˵Ķͷһֻ۾
۾ͼڣʬȻٶǽйȴǽʮּɵ
ϣҺôСӣģҲݺġ𲰲ѵüˣ֮ǰĿڵһ̲ס
۲࿴⿴ѵر۾û˵
˻۾֮ʬʱȻûΧŹȹգ˸оߵʬɢУһȺһȺؼۣͬһ
˵ǴѾʮֽӽġⲻҴ⣬ȡգ顢ѩֽʬȺУ𲰲Цģߵ·ͨڱŰʱĿ⽥սȭ
˳ʬȺһɽ¶Ҫȥ֮ʱǰĽѩȻĿһٿסƥԱĽͫȻֹס
˶ǿ𾪵ڽǰ棬Ҳ·ľɫ˲԰ףֻоԺʲôըëȻؿһʢƽǰĻҰϣͣسԼĸйٺҰ
سǧͣͣʮգڿ£ϣһΡڽһƬʬСͺشƽȥûоͷǳμĺȺ


226 
Ⱥϵ۾ͼ, вĽһޣ˴Ⱥ䲢в⽨졣ʬϵ֮䴩󣬲ʬ, бĶ, Сһ, ״, ûдĺһһȥ
лʬͷɹһһ
ⳡίʵëȻѩԱߵʬ糱ˮһ¶»ȺУ𾪵˪˵ָ˾ϣɽǬҼǵвɽδѵҼǴˣ
ϼһȻȥѩᵽ˪ڴ, һÿ⿴ȥǰ, ɫһ䡣
ߵҲͬʱԶʵĺҲǾ㶵۾ˣϴȥв֮ʱѾٻ١
ǰΪֳִ¿ţ뿪һѻȼƬϵ۾һ, ĿҲΪʱ̫ˣ·뿪вغ㿪ʼռ۾ͰϢʱټЩĺɵٶһں
̲ס, ȴ鱳ֱͦҲ̧׿Զ
ڵ飬ȴܿ촫Ļش𣺡ʱյĵȷвأ㿴˴ǸոЩʬģºȥɽ粢ͬһ
ɽвѾܣ˴ʬӿӵֵʢĬĬ̧ۿϷҼǵʱвҲ֡
ڳ˶Ǵ֮أʱտȥֹֻȻ֮ɫ
ڴ˴ֺû˻ע⵽˴䣬ѩ¹۲˼۵ô˵⺵вظĹûˡ
ֵĳ֣¾Ϊѩ⸲ǧ֮ãڴʱ³֣
вصԶڵҪǿٱʱؽ½䣬ֻѪȷ磿
һڳ˶ֻ֪˭Ҳû⸴ӵؿ·Ƭ£ĵвضǰй֣ڴ˵Ⱥȥ̽·㡣
˵ţһԾƥ˭ٶȱסһֱûпڵĽҲ˹Ҳȥ
ͷֳֳһ˴ǷϸѩϢ֣ɫѾѪɫĿ̶ˮ㣬ӳԼա
ſڣȻĽգȻԼѾ޷ܾԷҪ
ˣҴҲû˼ѩҲűҪ߻һߣв浽ǹ˶öԸ
˵ţһӰҲѾ£ڽߵϣ·Ըǰ
⡢гӳ֣ѾͬͨˣѩѾ֮ΪѾʮǿ·ͨԱڳ˵ӴԱ߰Ӱȴһ·ܾͨס´򣿡
·߻ͷ𲰲衣
𲰲迴·ͨͷ̵شӳвذСүҲҪʲôڴҵùͷ
˵ȫȻΪԼԱߵ̲ס¿֣ǽѩһ˪ϵĵܵӦò̫䵥ҲǺ¡ˣǾһȥ
𲰲ŵɣָ˸ޱߵͷڳ˵ĿⶼۼԼϣҪ˵䳰ŪĻ̧ۼȴƳԶϵ۾Ȼһתš
һ㶣ԭΪԼĴȵٶϸȥʱԭͷȴڵֻоһӿæ·ͨȵ·ͨ
·΢΢㶣ûüӦ˵о˲˵Ŷϴ䡱һըͻ˲ըѶĤ
űըһ˰ųϮ𲰲·ͨ˲ɣֱײԶĿֹסȥơ
ж죬·æ鿴𲰲״ȴ𲰲һ䱸תǰضǰ
һ֮ǰԭվĵطȥֻԭƽ´ʱҳһӣһƬյĺۼԱѪɽԭѾûӰҲƬɢڵȼա
˴һƬǽ壬·ͷһɿѰٳͽ飬һ֦ϿվǰεػںǰɢѾ±˪Ȼǰ
ǰԭںʬȻ֪ʱȫת۾ǵķ
·ͨһϣֻо۾һʮʵȴַǳݣһϢµʬļرһ˻
ʬӵϣԱߵʬֱǰ쳣ˡ·ͫ׽ȴһŽа󡱣ɽȻ䣬һѽһѽ˷Բڵʬһһ
̧ۿȥֻ˴ʱѾվһϡѩִշ磬Ҫٺһȴһ޼ʵʬɫ˱䣬Ҳˣ𲰲裬㲻˵Ѫͼڿǲô£
һһ׷ʣֵ𲰲費뿪·ͨ벽Աߵʬܻңûвǡǲ˽飡
ʲôͬʱһʬȥȻеʬȻڵĿľ㼯ʬĽڡ
̽ĿϣֻڵĿ֦Ѿ˲ʬеǱɨ䣬еǱɨеȻѾѳһС¡
˵ʬĿ꣬ƣϽԼʬۼʬѾ辣ų𣬺Ŀһʬǰȥ
ʬҶӿѹѹʬ澹Ӱ˵ķΪ׵һٶȿȣԭںڣգۼѾɹʮɣƶһȻ͵µףٲһϢȻڳǰ
СģæѣȴȻһɽˣѸΧʬԷײȥ
䡪һ˱ըն
÷ɿӰֹסΣõɿ⡣˻Σһѵסģס
֡ӰڿͣסЩ죬ºûмֶΣ㲻ǽǸ˲߹ֳ裿
üˣֻһνֹ¶Ŀ£ң仹ϵһµ˾ϣз࣬һӵģòڳ˵İǴǰϷķ¸
¸ӰӵأһһֳӰȻȫǸװ硣
㣿ĽѩҲ˲֮Ŀضˡ
¸磬ؼҵĶӣؼ˥ԺǴ˴齨ϵ鱨֯ϷϼãΧ˴вԿ׵ֳ裬ս·ͨɽׯ˴ܼƻֻð·Ӷݡ
һ꣬û뵽˻ʱ棬˸ɺ֮أü磬ȴԷЦô᲻ң齫ŵ֮ʱ벻нһգ
Ϸһս󣬷¸ȷʵ伣ãͷ飬ȴĿȻûд𻰡
飬ѪԵ֮ˣĪ޺޵ؿŽ飬Էģ䣬ʱ¶ŤЦ˵Ҳǣҷв֪֮ԭؼҸĹ֡˵Ķԣ飬Ӧý󣿡
һ˵󡱣һݣȻǰյϵƬҲ
вһֱ벻˸ϵʮİ񡣶ʱͻȻҲŹ֮ϵ磬ô֪вصģ
вصԿֻһѶѣҴһֱɽ鱣ܣ˵й¶ȥ羭ȥвص죬ɵһؾЩѾٻ٣β˲֣
ֻоﲻԣȴѾҲøл󣬾Ȼѡʹ
˵ţѾ㸴вغܾˣ㿴ǹԹԺһȥҽѺ͹ȥ
ĻǹǫĻȴдԹ޺ͱ䣬һݵҪ˵ɣǰȴһѾ޴ıͻȻبڿУӰתɢ
˽ѩֻн
ȥ
˵䣬޽Ѿճն¡


227 ˿
, ת, һЯǧ֮ƣԲʬ˲䱻Ʒɣ¶¶ĵر
ȻȻ죬ڵλ˲䳾ը轻˵Ұ
ǰϯæһڵǰĳ, ʶȴĲ෽һӰٿ֣һɫޣ޿⡣
ϱ㲼ŷĵ, ͨǰϿ²ҲҪȥһƤ⡣, ֻԷ䣬ӼдХڽ˻ػ
縦һ, ԷϷǽ֮ʱаһã߱ХѾʶػס顣
䡪һ, һγ̻ûɢͽŵĿٶȱû
ѩ״, ʬٶӿ, æ𽣾ٶһꡣ
ϡֹӣԶ·ɫҲһ䣬ǰ̳в̽, ȴоߵ𲰲һѽס΢ΣѹȥѾȫвؿƣңҪȥ𣿡
·߰˦𲰲֣ȴ𲰲üһƺ俪Աߵʬ壬һѰԼ
𲰲裬㾹ȻҲڡĿת㲻޽飬ʱֺΪˣ
𲰲гһذף۾ؽĺӣȻףҲֻС۸
һ¶һ˿м㵱˪Ķӣȴδ㣬ؽвضβⷲ£һΪĿЧ
ˡ𲰲ٴУ뵽ˣð벽һЦҾñ߹ҾûǳŮ˽ȽȤ
𲰲˵߹ʱɫһ䣬⸴ӵ˸һ£¶һ˿ɫ漴¶ЦҲҲգˣҲһᣡ
˵ţһгޣҪ𲰲·ͨķ£̳ʬȻһʬ֮ȻһӣֱһѹӳƿնУһסޡ
һȴ֮Ӱͬʱ̤һѾ޽֮ϣһüĿĶ̷꣬һľС鶯쳣վһӣǳǸղűûĳͽ飡
СӣһֱƿʬĽѩǰⷬ󣬲ɵ̾һԭʬΧ𲰲·ͨ϶ˣپ⽣ʬͣѹС˲١
Ѿܵ˾磬ջĿڽͳѲΪ׵ġֳ衱ϤҲ
磬вΪλ︴Ļֱ˵˴ɺҲ㲢޺ôôΪʲô
ɫһܿٶȹֳȻֳ裬˵Ϊ˽ΪĴսκҲΪô㻹֣
Ŀ⶯˶ûĻشȻЦȰ㻹ǷĻ롣Ŀ˵һССķˣ޽ڴˣҲ޷ܽ⡣
Ŀ硱ѾֹһἰܾܿвĵطҲӦñ߼Ĵڡ΢иսߣЦӦô֪
Ҳգһˡ翴ųЦݣ·ֿϷµӣ뵽ؿڵ˰̣ʱɫ̧ǰһӵϣ
һ£˲ٶеĳͽ鼤ȥͬʱԭԱߵλ¸Ҳ鴤嵶϶Ϯ
⣬ͽȥ׽磬Щ˽Ҳڴʱѩ𣬿й⻪ţнܼס¸˵ȥ·
Ⲧּؿ¸ۿȥֻ·ͨ𲰲ѾԾԱߵĿ𲰲ذգɿһʬ߰¸ڴ˴룬Ѿͨˣʽûá
·ͨԵַɿ룬ȴֱûһ¸˵ĹؽڴǷͽɱ裬ӿе䡣
𲰲۽ǳ˳顣
·Ѿ̧׿¹ӡϷģ˴Ӧ
áим׿ٶϮһٿһΣ˶ʱӾ޽ʧһȴǹȰسǰԷһȥ
ٶȼο٣Ȼһæ鵶ֵֻš顱һ죬ʱ飬˶Էĳ徢ֱӻʮಽӵĿľվ
౻ײһξ룬ڿȣĿһ˿֮ɫ
ֳ裬⵽˻ұǿˣ״ȻЦ
ϷسһսѾ꣬ȷʵѾȣ۾ȴ֮⣬ٶȳϡ

ɫһ䣬ҪЦٶӭϣȴзɽϮһӰڿУɫƣˮ¹⻪̫ӳ
䣬ߵĽһѽһѳķ
飡ҧгݣԷ߾òһһֵ
̼䣬ǰгǰ׷򣬺нΧ֧Ԯһʱ׽⣬̣ȫ¾ӡ
齣ȴϣÿһѽɢµĺɣҽ߳Զİַƣһˡ
ʵͳƽнļ룬ֳ˲תнڻһתסļݳ˲һӿֱ£Աһ֮ϡ
ʬȺھ߹֮ʱ类˻˻سеĳͽȥʬȻһһʬݣץ
ⳡ̫ˣϲ䣬ֻļ¡һԲն£ֱɨƽʮдʬ
״Ҫ£ȴһվھϣ̧ͷϾȻһ㼥ڽֳ裬ΪͽֶԸңҾûа𣿡
ʲôĿһʶкȻһӿͽķٽӽһ㶣ըһӥæĶȥȴһֻӥӿи¡
ӥСʱٶȼ죬㵱˵һץ
ȳ֣һľذճӥצǰεؼסԷĹ
һϲҪлľذף۽ȴؿϮľӥë֣ѾóһƬӥҲǽֱնޱȵؿԼ
΢΢һ㶣ֻоʲôԣȵٿӥӥʱȴӥ¾ȻϸСĳڲͣе䣬ڵʬС
Щ΢ɼرעԷ֣˲ɫɿسӥ˵ߣȴظоԼļһǱһ¡
ٶһ㶣ͷȥȴشջ֣ۿԼġ
Ц飬벻㾹ȻҲн죡
ӿԤУæһֻ֣ոĹָһɺ죬ĪѪ
æѪȴѪǳӵģǽָϵ˿ڡ
ʲôֺȻ۾ͺ
ЦøӲ񣺡ֳ裬ʲô㲻Ӧú𣿡
üͷӰ֣ٿطɳ̧ʱѾĿѣٶһ¡
һдʮæЦܣǱɨƺһ˼ڵأȴûֳ裬ôң㲻ЧҵĽ𣿡
Щʲôһһֱָʺ
ᣬֳûмƳ𣿡ŵĸưҼǵ÷ǬҲˣ
һԲͫ
ȻһκеǴβһЦ¸Ƿ¸ģҺò״ȡһЩٰЩƳ¸вˣֳ裬ʱ򡣡


228 ĸ
ǰ, ϼΪǣƽ飬صʳĸơײʳ˴ƵʳΪ鵲һ, Ҳܾĥ, вйƷɡĸһ, йߵʩϢϢأû뵽ѾȥôãﾹȻҲ⣬ʱ, ԭסʺŲ
ɱ, ҲǸֵóѵЦ, ԶƵĽ, ڽ, һ, ò, ɫ, һٳԽ, ɵٶȺЦ, Ҳ
㵽ҪʲôĿ, ָʺ߸һջأһӳ, ֱӽƷ
, ͵ڿвءֳΪҪʲôҲڵ, ųҪһ£ڽĸĸ⣬Ҷһ, Ҷýٱ
Ķ˲佩ڰգĻɲȴȻһƺߣһæתͷȴԭڿеĽһΣԭյľ޽Ȼɢ˾ֱ׹¡
飡æҪȥȴһӰٿشȴһһѽסӿ׹µˣǽʦѩ
˴Ӱ⻪ţ˴ȴʬɽ˺ʯɽѩæ˽ɨһͷ֮ʱȴɫ԰ף۾ؿų⣬רעΨŲһ۱㲻ĸоʱͷȫϸ޽౻ʪϸһ͹ƶ
Ա¸֮Χܿ챻·ǣƴ䣬ѩ״æһƵסĺġ𶯣ΪʦȽĸƸȡ
һԣŲھɱ˽飿ԶһЦûԤʾͫļ촽šĿ룬ǰӰȴҧأûз졣
ѩԭҪȡƵͣڰգŭ磬ʲô˼ɺѾͿ̿в٣綼һ군֮°ѣΪˣͷҪвز𣿡
絫⡢顢ѩӵв书ȫǯסʩʩȻشӵվ𣺡Ϳ̿޹أ縲ֺʲôϵؼ֮ʱ˭ǳˮ𣿡
ؼʮǰ˪ʧٷֱ齨¸󣬷סҵĽλһ˵һЦ˪ȥвؼҾͲΪʸ֮ģǽ齫ҵҷ¸ΪƳؼʢ֮ʱͥУ˲˲𣬵ʮȴ˪֣棬³˭ң˭ؼң
˵ţ۾Ѿ㲼Ѫ˿۾ֱضŽ飬ҵĺֶӣҺòײ֣ͣúʳޡ
䣬Ȼ¶â⡢ѩãȴһԵؽҧأѾ֧Ųסؿڽѩϻ䡣
ס֣ٹ˲Ҫץס϶ԷٿصĹƳ棬˭֪һǰӭȴȻһɸȷ磬ֵػ븯ʬζŻÿ¡
ƽغûⷬһæ紵ķȥֻڵľҺ澹֪ʱֳһֻ۾
۾ʯյĽէһȥעĿʱ⿴ȥȻĿȻգһ¡һûʶʲôȴͻȻƵЦԭգ۾ҲεӳıӰ
磬ɱʼ۾ǻʱתţתԶĽ棬˻ƣ·ƺһһĥ˶Ĥ
մôһֻ۾ڿίʵ죬һݣȴıӲϾֳЦ⣬ת׵Ŀ²ţѾĸֲڣѾΪء
Ŷ˻Ƶԭ۾Ӹµظžϵˡ
ſոð۾ʲôֻƽ۾ԽԽ𣬾һ߰塣岢ûԴΨؿڿһ޴Ŀӣʲŵ۾Ǵ˵ǻ¶ŵƤ˵һظһ£̧
ڼд۾Ķͷ°ܿ쿴һ޴֩Ų븹ߣа֧ë޵פڵ֮ϣɣ֩븹ëһ·Ķ꣬ȫһһЩëɼдһһĵ̣
۾ģίʵˣȻһֻ޴֩룡
ڳļֹĹʱһοɫһԭߵĽѩ౧Ž飬𾪵ؿ˿ֲ֮Ψʬʶھ»еسΧӿ
ңĸһ£Ѫڣǹĸ޷ɽ⡣翴ǰµӰ¶һ˿԰ѾϵӹƵµĹƳڽϣӴԺҽ
ԣŲǳϵĿһһϣ˻Ƶٶȷ˻磬Σ
ĹĸҪȽ⿪Ƿ¸ϵӹơ̧ͷžϵѪ֮ڡ
վھǰȫǰĹǾԣعЦ磬㵱ʲôҲҸ̸
㲻⿪¸Ĺƣҽձڴᡭ绹˵ʲôؿ̧һֻȣ͵¡
㡭״ɫһ䣬æṦãշ棬ȴоʲôٿػؿڡ㶣ͷȴȿ⾪۾
ֳʲôȻоϴľʹͣظסĸй֪
۾žʹؿԼǰֻһֻ޴ŴؿڹᴩĵëȻȫ޺Ѫ
㲻˵вصġ绹˵ʲôȴһѪȳͫ׵Ŀ⽥ȥ
ȷʵ˵вصʼԴûʼ֮޷뿴һϢϢЦǶҺҪֻϧ磬ǹĿɴûõ塣
ֽ鴤һ£ûϢ
ؼһԻһʱ¸֮ʱҲǽ¼λãʱƲżһ棬µ֫ȵĶĴƮҡ
Цһʬʬһףֱ֧ţ޴˲׵̫ھ·һƬŨڵӰ
ʱϷ˽⣬첻ˡ
飡ļ٣ɿصӣҪһ嵽ǰȴ޴žɱһ編ƣѩͽķͷ¡
ǰ֮ѩҴ⣬ɫƴ˳ŵĹΧȴȷ󣬾ӰΣֺá
ߣʱı䷽ŴһȥߴòϣʱѸٷ˴֮⡣
㣿ݺеһۣòЦһ˭ԭֻϡǧȥˣ֮أɱĿʱ򣬿뵽˥ˣ
ִһ뵽黹̧ߣȴͷХֻ̤
䡪æߵֵ˱Ѹٲ£һھ֮ϣ̼ʯѣȻֱӱһɶӣʯ޿Ĵ̮µϡ
ʬ糱ˮһٶȳ˻ϣ˲ƽѵľҡ
⣡ѩٴŽ鳷룬ͷȴһֻ޴ѾæҪȴһһֱѩʱҽһɫףһѪ˳ɢ׹ȥ
æ𽣾ٶ¾ˣȴߵĽ龹ȻͻȻʧȵ֮ʱȴ۴ͷŻԵĽ飬ϵعؿڴǰ
ǵʼ۾һһָ˵ӣؿŽ顣ÿһԶĺϵ۾ӦԼͬעžˣĿ׷䣬пȵĳݣ̰Ŀ
ʼҵȵǧ꣬ӭһ˵ţһתŽ鿴ĺǻԶԶ
ԶɫĹ¸󣬷·˴䲻磬ȴҲغƴ
˷ܵؿţۿŻĽûзӦٶȷ˻˻һţ޴븹ȻضԶߵľȥ
̼䣬Ⱥʬӿ˻Ž񻶡ԭķ¸һʱȫɢʧĵط׷ȥ
ָֻʬƬӰԾϾұѵĵطһӰ䣬һ˰ӰǱʱԶ𲰲·ͨ˸ţ𲰲ȳһƣɢԱ߾ҵ֮صʬڿʯڸеһֻ
¹ӣ·ͨæǰƶԱߵľʯ
ޣ𲰲״¿·ͨƿʯ飬ڿѹھʯˡ
˴߻ѪȫǳڸǵĺۼؿڴȴһľСɢŵĹ⻪·ͨ״ԾӣⱧ˳𲰲衣
𲰲ɫã׻ץ̽
СӣҲ𲰲Աߣʵ
ֻǳܾ޴ĳܵ˱ˡ𲰲跭˷ڣûܵʲô˺ۣתͷˣֻѩҲһɫ԰ףģȻҲòȥ
ոյľʵʵǿȫֵܹġ𲰲ɫѿһҪˣвؾǸ˶֪ҪԶһ㣬ǳڸϽ뿪ܶһ㡣
ʲô·ͨһ㶣漴ü˵˵غֺܿҪߵ
ġš𲰲ٶȺ뻹Ҫ꣬ٺˮûô죬Ⱳӡ
𲰲˵Ļֻֻ·ͨ뷴ؿԭʯϵĳֽȻһؿڼһ£壬ҿ
¹ӣ·ͨûӦ𲰲Ļæ
һȿ˺һŶ϶С
㲻ỹ򣿡𲰲˵˵ȴһִֽ֣ľذ׻ضԷĻոҪѵס㣬͸һ³ˡĶ/вصĶĿܿܽɹڴ򲻹ġ
۾شӵ
ǰ汾ĳȻڳ˶ǿԱξеǸñӻ̫ࡣ𲰲迴һִӣϲãԼÿȥҲֻǶͼѡ
⶯΢΢ӲȻԼһ뿪˳磬Ժ£Ҳڡ
֪ߣĿǰһƬȴλΪûҲûдڵˡ
ģɭȻĿ
ΪһҪȥ


229 
, 󡣻֮ϣȺʬƽذɭ⣬ϵ۾ͼڴʱŲ, עӹĺӰĿſ
飡Ӱ֮, ¶ֻ޴, OO@@ȥ, ˶븹Ħ棬Ħ
壬лһϢ΢ࡣɫɷ, ִ, Ƥϲʱ͹ңʶѾ塣ϵ۾ȴͽȻɫȻ˷ŭ, ݺݵؽеһ档
Ϊʲôʼ, ΪʲôڻĶȻص﷢˻
ȿȡܵײԭʶģĽʹһҵĿԡÿһȴ߱ѪĭӿһȾɫĳ¡
Ѫ£ؽǰһǹܾ, ֮Ȼ΢, ʱεػס, ʼ, 繲ɢ
뿴ǵǹ⣬Ŀ¶ޣϺϵ˵, 񶾵Ҿʼˣʲôϵ
֩󿿽֮ʱ˿ʼ
۾ͫȻ¶Ϸʣ̧һŶ˵ļϣЦʼˣĪΪĿ縲˾ΪԺһĿڣӲġ
һ˵һְŹ壬ൽУŹȺʬ㿴ﶼҵͽȵؽϣ֮رؽƬ磬ʱ˵һССؼжġ
綴ֻ̧̧ϡ
һϢϢ裬ǰ֮ǧŭһջţһѶϣŽʹ죬͵˻ЦʼˣҲ֮㸲ָô㣿
򴽲亹Ѫֱֻһ͸
֩Ŀڽ˿ںǹӰӰ´£ڲͣάϵǰ˵ȻȻˣǰΣؽǴɣһɶ칤Ψһ
̧ɲ
뿴ָƽգЦºȻѿһӣžȻڷɳѸٲϽĲ֫˸߸ߵش
вǽһޣҵ˼£ٻĿȻֱӶľ룬ԭĲƽϢ
̧棬ĺɫɫȻˮ㿪ʼƶϽ°ںס
ԭƮĲϱɫʸϺ̲һʼĴĿźϽظڸסǹ⣬Ŀ¶㣬֩ϿϺϣһԡ
죬۾һһϵ˿ȥĿ˷ܣ˽кֱϵץȥʸϽĲʼĿڱǣͷܿȴȿֺظϡ
µ񼴽ɣĿſ񻶣Ҳڽ鼴Ϣ̣֮ȻһѸȻײŴһ죬һը
УԭͽһʱϡĿһֻն徹һΪɵʱֱض棬ϴĺɫʱɢ¶¶Ļѵơ
ͻһԭϽյĺɫʻ̻ˡ΢΢ᴭһڣĿķȥֻһӰӿмɹһͷ̷ӿ֮ʱſɫȥɫȴһкȻһӳһٶȥ
⡭ŶߵϿֻоֽϵ࣬ĿעӰ
㣬Ȼûܿ죬һ޴Ӱסߡ
ǣԽ봫Ķһŵ棬ӰѸݵһץߣٶһԾϰգһһȥ
ĶһȣϵδһڷĿʱ¶ŭ֮Ҳͬԣ֮أ
δţٶȱһȥ
߼ǧ֮ƣ֮˷ˣѾܹƽ⣬̧Ŀ ӰĿ¶һ˿Ѹ̧¡
ܿҪӽľĿ֮ʱظоһ٣׾ȻϵһקһлûüӦֻо˱ڿǰľɿصӡ
ⷢһҽУٶȡ顱һ档
⣡ٶȿʼֻ̣춯ܿһֻͣȥ
ǰľѾһЦۿ˿Ľ飬ٿǰ汻ǶĶ̷꣬һЦƾ΢ĩҲƱ𣬼ֱѰ·
ھҵؿ˼Եһ̣վ³ѪĭĿ¶һ˿ɫһٶȥ
Ŀ¶һ˿Ŀ⣬̧һŶǰϣȴơһԼԭĹһľСסľ󣬳еѾǰ
߼д˲Сȴһ޴ȻƾʧȵⷴӦ֮ʱȴоԼһӰ£ûüͷֻо⵽һػٶ׷ɳȥ
ƣߴѳϹ䡣ٶصϣϡֱϡ϶ѾĦѪۡ
ؿ˼۽ǴľСԼ࣬ӵľѳѷ졣
Ŀϵǹ⻺𣬳ζ
һ˰֪ɷİ뿴вȴѾĿ¶ҶԹҲΪֹˡ
˵󿪣¶ȳճҺҪǰķˣظоһӹȴһѹӳ֪ʲôʱȻ븹ݺݴ¡
㾹ȻڰҽһһŭһβڿеĽɨȥ
飡˻һٶǰ棬븹ȻײһһʱѪŽ;ɢһӰٶȵײײڵϡ
㡭ŭĿԲǰˣֻΪ˵ʼ׹УѾ˹ȥһ˻ٶվһȳһգȥѾ˺صˣһ˫۾̧𣬴ӶͷѪҺ￴
΢ĺ̷غڿȴ粽á
ãҲá
ǰ
翹볰Ū
̷Ի̧ͷ˻Σȴ¶նļ㣬ֲȥѪǴ򲻹㣬ǡ
ӵо书Ҳʲô·ֻһ·ɵģҲֻѡ
̷̧۾ͿϺϵ˼֣ԭۿѸϴƬǹ⣬ԭеļᶨˡʹһһʧȡ֮һ޸
ڡͳϵѪɿȥϵĶ̷ٰܿϼ䡣Ҳڴʱͽϵǹͬʱâ۳һ磬ڳת


230 
ǹһ, ׵ɫҲȻ貶Ŀͫ΢֪ľȻᵽһ˿ϤϢ, ɫһ䣺ԭ㾹һ˫꣡Ŀĸǡ㡯ָʹ
вظ֮ǰһĿ磬ֻͨ, ʱѾΪҽǰ̷ӦǷ˵תֻأȴһɲͬ, 뵱ʱϢһޣ
ǡ⡱̧ûвҼǲˡ
ѾԭͬʱѾ곤ȡ
¶һ˿ɵ, 븹з˸㾹ȻҲн, ҲáҲãôȥˣһ֮𣡡
һ˵, 븹춯ҲԽԽƸ
ǵδػԸԭƽسһǳĻ, Ц
ŭĿԲ, ش󿪣̼ԭڸ춯ͻشھ޿һȺķɳ档
ɳ泤, ϸСɳ, ĴСķѸ⡱нָ⻪, һȻнеǹꪣеĽ֯׹⣬еͼ֣ԷвѸ֯ܲ͸Ĺܣеķɳһһ
Ԧ֮ѵǷ켫뿴Ȼһƿ֮æۻؿ֮ǰӺĺɫڴʱһӵӣĺϮ
򵽷ˣǰԹӲӣæùȴɫתȻˡһǰ桰У
ӹߣɫϲһ̤ǹתλûӰ֡
ǳʮ౶࣬״Ѹٲ̤¡
;޴󣬵ȴʮֿ٣Ĵ󲿷˵ٶȶҪֲࡣͷ£Ŀ΢΢߾Ȼƿնͬ۾һֱϣһŵĹؽڴ
ɶ񣡡ƫ˷߲µ˲䰼͹ƽرѣɫһͬԤƵһŲ͹УоȻһ޴̣ӿֽ֣ͬһϣεؽŷӡھ֮С
˻һԭڶƳ治ٺͱ׷ȥͬʱٶȿϺϣȵ´ٿ֮ʱȻɫ˿
˿ɢʵĹ󣬷ֱǰġࡱһǣпܻͽ֮ǰǷֱε
ȴֻƽؿһۣǹⲻһת߲׷Ƴ棬һѵˮѸӹ棬ɿرܹͷ˿ֽӡһ̳ž¡
ȥ˥ˣսһˮҲ֪ٳսŻ˵ַ뿴šӰ뵽ǧǰĿ縲ĳ޵شһ˿ֱӽɴǶ¡
ͷ߱䰵Ŀһһפ£ֱҿһڣԾ£һ죬˿ƽ澹ٶȱһ󶴣ԭĳӰ˾ӵڶһԾ
ڿУ׵Բ̫ҫĿͬɫӰһ㣬ֻгڿԷ裬һ˫ڰӰ𣬳ƮȻڰе׹֮ǰҫڡ
ֻڿһ˲ͣһ̣һΧϢһ޴̣¶ǽ
û뵽⡰꾹Ȼַȵ̵ķΧʱԼűηӡһʱ޷ѡ
˻һȴǿеޱ飬ǹ뷢ľ޹ִѹȥ
ԭ翹ϢûһҪͣЪ˼˻һٶһȺƳ档
ϧȺƳлûϿУ㱻̵ǹ촷ۡⳡ̹άϵ˽һӣֱ⡱ϵǹ⿪ʼͣ
еġࡱλ˻Σвصľ޹ֿȥֻһִѹ£ԭ˻ľ޹ִʱں֮ϣ븹ճҺû
вصĹȼߣļ໨Լ
شӿ£˫һæפվȣǵճҺ
ɶⱰࡣ뻹ڵԭľĿѾڵϣĿȴڷ˻𣬡Ϊջܱ磿ĿѾһǶӲ˵ġ
˵һȴ겢ûдԼһһߵǰͷ渿ŵʧȥʶˡ
ףϻв˺ֻۣһϢ΢Ϣ
պͼеһһֱҪѰҵˣҲ˻Ҫõˡ
ǹ۾˲ֲ̧ۣ۽ǣдʪǰ
ԭ˵ĸġеᣬ૵


231 
̬, ůһ·Ƴ飬ԭǱϲš
ü, ջָͣĿ⣬ٶȻӶغԱߵһѱĽ顣
Ƴ滹ڽ, ʱ˫üȻǻԿȥʮʹࡣ
ĬĬؿ, Žϥ, ˫ֵס˺ģϵǹٶһΪ, Էע롣
ôû, ξȻ, һˣٹþͻһĿڲͣ, ˣֻתԺ϶㣬ôֱǶһ١
ǲԶһġ
Ǻǣһж롣
Ƭ, Ӧʢ, Ĺ顭
۾Ŷ񶾵Ŀ, ĿĿתϺϣ˵ޡĵһʱȻ顱һ, ҲȻֹסԭתľ޴۾Ѿ߶
Ŀͫʲͣس鴤ܿйƤήȥճҺһء
г棬ɢ֫ĺֳûϢȺʬʼ궯ͣ˻ţʬ忪ʼɫز
ɫȻĹδٿһۣҲΨǹǳǳɵڵĹƳ档
ĳҲʼǳʱǳ̵ķͣʱټ䣬϶ޣֱһӺų֣·ӡ
˴ʱɫԻԭüҲչȻûѣȥѾûд󰭡
꿴ţüҲչĿ¶ЩЦ⡣
⣡ҲʱմͻȻЩϤ̫ǬѾãҵȽȥҪô
̧ףֻմУϴŰвٻҳģϣȥʮϤԱߣӣһɫ·һĳۣһǰһһֻ޴ʬ֮ϣҲԼ
ʬڿзУۿϵĹʬ壬ӰĽ鿴Ŀ˵ġͷֳ״෢ԵЩȺʬ嵽ˡ
ͷۻĽ飬ͷȽߡ
أѩò΢΢һôˣúõͷôֱ䳤ˣGǲǳ⣿
⡱΢㵣ǰͷϺȻЩЦ⣬ԭҲͺ̫ܶǬȻ׽٣ҪƵ˴Ŀſд˲ߡ׽ʮΣգұȷ뿪ſԷܹס
˵⻰ʱʲô죬ѩ㶵شз飬ֿ۳ĳˣȴ׽֮УʮΣգ
Ҳ׽٣Ҫȷİȫ⡱
ԭˣѩȻֿϵĹʬ壬һô
뽫°֮󣬳ִҪǰȣѩ·ͨȰ˵޹ҪһͬǰԵУȴܾ̫Ǭ飬ڳͬʱһ
̫ǬвصĽ˷ɹܼڲᣬС鱱ĵʱһʱΪƽ󣬳⡢·ͨж󷨣֪һҪ㣬ɹãףǱѰ
ǰвغ࣬ڶʬ壬Գ֮޷Ťת˴ǬԿЧ
뷨ȻΣգʤޡѩ·̷ֱ֪ͨǰͬķۣ׼׵֮ǰ⹥룬һ·缱ǵ˺û뵽ȴһ󣬲ɵľȻ
Ŀãʲôܵģ
ڿӺǰһô£
ѽ齻ǣԼҪô죿
ȻʵĶˮƽԿǧ׽١ڴ˴ףҪһ﷽ܹѣ˵׿ֲǷܶԿ
ݱһΣ¶ɵ
ѩǵؿų⣬ȴԷƽֻ¶һ򵥵ЦݣȥûʲôʺС
аӳ׽٣
һԡγˡ
µʬѾмѩһɨŽ֮ϣ뻹ǵЦܿ󷢡ûʹǴŽߣ϶Ҳ㡭⣬һϱ֪𣿡
⡱ȻܿͷϻͬЦ
ǡءѩû˵ʲôС
⡱ĿεضŽ飬繣ȭս
ѩ۵ϱߵʬ֪˵زɾ뿪ԽԽã飬֮ȥ
ݱ״ָʬϣչ뿪
·ͨݱеǣʬɳʮɣ̲סͷ¹ӣҪ
պգܿûڿС


232 
̧, ˽нԶʧԼҰ
ԱѾʬӿϣڵķΧ, ΢, һ̽, ԭھϵʱӺϳ, ˡһεС
ֳ, ֮غԩ޳, ΪηҪҵȸϾɱɣֿϺ, ©
ҳԽҪе
Ұʼ㣡ŤڵϵľĿҲ¶񣬡Ұǣ
еǹⲻϨ, Ʈɢ˵꣬սвλ, һ·, ȻҲҪһ̫ƽʢ
˵ʲôôĿԽԽŤ, ˵عһӲڵܵóȥ
û˵, һ˦ϵȳճҺתĶǰС
վס
, һ·
ɶɶֳ衢飬Ƕú
վסվס
ĿĿһʼĿ־תΪ󣬸ִתΪŭ, ϵ۾ˢˢ⴦ٿرߣķ㼯
䣡 ԭ˲䱬һỤ̃бʬ岻Ϲ䣬µʬ¸ϡ
һƬʬУһʰվڻ֮ϡ
£ϣɺԵعѳƣǰֻкȺʬ۾
⸩澰߽뿪ķһۣһǹⱩһ
ס֣ԶԶģ۾Ⱥʬ˻
δţ׵̫ڿУǹ貣֮ɫҪĿ̧֣ȫһֶһȥ
羢֮ƿ졣
顪ǹ⣬ƶ˼ײ£һ˲䱬Ľٶ¡ԭյɫͻȻѳһѷ죬Ѹӡ
ɫȻ
۾ǵĿ⳹׻
ڰգֻ̧ߵŤһ󡰺䡱һ죬һϯ£̳˶
ǹ̽𣬱ߺ˱ߵסըˣлδȣͻȻըһ֮׵׶£ֻоǰһʶͻȻһƬǹʱɿȥ
˲䱻£տ׹䡣
䡪һԭȵĺѾŨвؽӿ£о޴ֵĵȽһȻڵһ֮ϡ
׵ײ̼һըɫʱлƣЩ֮һһɡ
˵һףܿеڶ׹ϯвءֻ򣬺ѽӶݻ٣ը˷׵罻֯һ
ʶȺʬ౻׹飬ϵ۾ױ˾־ŭŰ࣬ҪĿֱܿ׹ϣһƬһƬ𺣡
۾ڻŤջڻһڻ谵ɫ뽻ӵг롣
ѡ
׹꽻ԭԵĳһૣ͵۾ǰ翴ȥһ״ӿ䣬Ȼײве
䡪ϵĿĿĿѣ̼䱻׹⸲ǡ
һʱΡʵľѾȼһԭľĿʧ׹Ҷ£ҵ䡣
ҡҡ׹׵罻
ȻѣĿڽӣֻоͷ׹ܾۣһֹס׹ƣתΣٶⱼȥ
䣡ڵĵط˲п£ϱеȺʬֱӱƬ촷ۣⱻը˾ɣ˲ҽһڿһڸĵϡ
漤Ǻ˵ζͽʬζǼ䡣Ϳ£æ´ӵ
ͣ滹һڵ
ǹٶǿг𣬸Ѹӹȥ
ԱнӶײͣ䣬еڸĺϣеĳܣʵʵذһʱǹ⽥˥ˣеĹâҲʼȥ
飬Բ֮ڣ޻Ψа߰ߵƮƮ죬׵֮С
䡪
ٶȱ׻һΣĴӿ׹䣬ϵǹ⼸̧𣬸ּϨ
ǰ·ʱĻµء
ɲǼ·𿴵һᣬڵ֮λŹ¼·оϲǳȻܿеָֽƽϵǹ⵭ȥ
ߴ˵
¹ôûг
ϴξͰѽðģôݡ˭
ǳ¹ӣ
⣡Զ˵ĺ
´ӵԴȥֻĸӰѻ˽ߵİӰ
㶡
ԭѾȥˡ
ǰ档
üչʰŲǰһʶ֮ںԤף϶ʱһ䣬æȵ
䡪
Ԥ̱û
ѩһ㶣һֻͣɫ׹һ֯һ£بڻǰǰĳ⳹׸ǡ
⣡¹ӣ֮󣬷Ѱֵܹ
ѩҪӳû뵽ٽԵȻͻ䣬ɫʱһ䡣׹ྡྷò˳Ļ֮⣬Žؿųķ
׹ҰĻǶ£ҫ۵ĹâϡֻгһӰֱӺ󣬷׹⽥ͣϢ¶
ѩŵؿţֻĻɢϵĳѾ͸üɼʱʱһ˫۾̧ۿſС
ά֮ǰƣȴһâתâͳ֮ǰõǹⲢһ͵ɢ⡣
ѩһ㶣˳ųĿ⿴ȥؿв֪ʱֶһˡ˳ᴹ续Ű£裬˹¸߾Ϣŵһ绪ʱ̧


233 Ƭ
ϼ, Ⱦ쳾
⡭ѩ֮ʱͫ΢΢, ʶĽ鿴ȥ, ȴԿ·ͨ, ǳûѹ
Զòȴͽһģһ·һģ̳һ, ֻǽƽʱȥ, е֮, ţ콵֮¡
βʵǳ, ׺ؼ翳·һ㡣
ͣ۾ԭϨǹٶ, һգգؿӰ
䡪ִһԭ֯ĻϨһ, , һαһξҡ
⣡ѩ⻹ڿеĻӰæżػ, 
δţ̼ٶȱװΧڹĻֻ˲ףӰֻӰ, ̧ȴһѳɣⲻһ⽣Ļײȥ
ĻٶȱȻ죬֯ܲ͸׾Ȼһٿһӡ
һо֮ܡ
ѩһֻоһ̲Ͻ⣬ټʱȴԷԭأǵ½Ӱɵô󼱵⣡㣡
⽩Ӳڲ˲ԶĻ¡
ѩſӣֻոջܾʱ˫ǹ룬Ѿۣˮ򥣬һһεشڽϣ⽣Ӱ˸žӨĹâ
ѩ㶣ٶȺһ
⿴Ž飬ŴӵվײײĻȥ
䡪һ졣
Ļٶ£Ӱٶһƣֲײ⣬еһӳǹⷴҲ̲סֻͷӰȥ
ӰϡǳʱǷģʱѾ͸ֽڿУӨӨ裬Ļµ˻üչ߹𵭵Ļȡ
ĴϺϣƵ͵͵˵һ仰
˲ۣȴиˮӶֲ̧ȥλˣŽķӹȥ
ӰһЦٶ𳤽Ȼɢ»㡣
кȻ£ûвء
ǰľ󽥽ǰ˼Ҳ֧Ųסǰһͷ¡
⡣ѩæϣһѽס⵹µ壬ȴ޷Ӧ˫۽أѾ˹ȥ
һæ𲰲ƣȴ̲סǰĺȴвشʱѾױ׸ǣǰ׹ĻһѳɼӰﻹõ֮ǰ˵Ӱ
ǰ½Ӱǳʱ꼻һ֡
ѩһ㯣ֻӰƽ飬ȴֲͽܣһ֮ܣ²ǵУȻ˾ޣ׻ǡ
ֲɣǨ׾Թ϶һ˲ѡ
ѩĬȻԵĳ⣬ֻԷϵǹѾʧ̷ȫ亹ڲ䣬·𲻿ƤۣСвϸڣнŧѪѪݣȻں;׵ĶԿˡ
ϵǱѰܹǹƥ½飬ֻºǵɢҲ˵ԨԴ
ֻϧ
ˮ̾˿𲰲״Σһ顱ײ·ߣһ㶡
ʲôԶ£ίʵ̫ѩʶؾʵ
Ŀɿɨڳˣ𲰲·һʩƣһչ˽飬Ϸġ
𲰲衢·ͨԷ׷üԼͬѩ
ǿʲôѩһ㶡
·ͨû˵Ŀ˳Žѩơ𲰲ȴѾüѩָһ¡
ͷӳմɵˣǴϷġ
ЩмȴȥЩ䡣ѩæ˳ŶĿ⿴ȥæÿԼİɫֻۣ£һյССĵյڻ谵ɫзĹâǴյ﷢ġ
յڣһССͣײŵƱڡ
ǡѩʶʲôۡ
Ѱɺԭ֮ʱ𲰲ȡġƬ֮ǰһֱָҵвأǰ֮ʱｻѩܣʱȻʼ뿪յ
ʲôв֮ѾƬҪʲô
˭ȥ𲰲跭˸ۣط·뵽ʲô˲ֱ֣ӻƵյĹ
յӽѩİ£ʱžһ֧顣
Сӡ㣡ѩ뵽вصЩйأһҪ𽣾ȴƬڿлƯ󾹻ΪһߣƮȥ
⣬֮ǰеİ˵Ĺâһޡ
ѩɵط־ظо谵ĵӳУæ̧ͷȥȴĿУ⻮գ߻ڽͷ㼯籱ؼ⣬Ѥ
ǿ쿴 һֱûг·ͨ쾰󣬺ȻָµµĻС
ѩ𲰲ͬʱȥǾ׵Уⲻʱ԰ɢĵطתش֮ǵķƮ
Щ⻮գеڿƮţеڳ߻һڽͷϷ繲ȥջΪһƽ͵Ĺâ˯֮ڡ
˵ȴƫȽȽٶȽһ
飬Ϊۻ
飬飬ϲŭ򰧻֣𣬸µֻء
ѩŻԵĽͳˣ£˿ظоձߺȻдžડһʪ󣬲ɵٶһ¡
Ѹʱȴǳǳˮգð߲߰
ѩȵٶ̧ͷա
ڻɢȥƸǲ񷣬Ưƶˮδн䣬ߵˮ
ˡ̧ȡϵʪ૵


234 ٷϴ
дײ, Ҳ֪ԼʶжãظопɬҺ룬ü, ڻϰ߿Ǻǵҩζûټų⡣
˷, 󱳴һůůھ, ɢ֫ٺ
ھϤʱ, ϵŽ, һһܵʹСؿڻһ, صƤ
йҰ룬ǳۡ
еͫʸɪһ¡
⡢⣿ϴ˵˵, ˣ
˵Ϥ, ԭٻٿطӦ, һ˲, æԴȥ
⡭⡢飿תͷٶ̫, ⼸ʱҺһ, ϶ؿ
ı, طı, ˳
ֵһ߰, һߵ
ǽ, æŵ鿴ȥת;ȴоԼĲһ, Ȼ޷ת
ƺʲôĲӹ̶סˡ
һ㶣æ̧볶̶ļһ˭֪һ̧־ȻָΨһһغر, ֱ۰Ӻӷס
⡭⽩ӲŲãȻؿԼ֡
𲰲ǳСӸġڳ֮ʣԱ˵ȴǽģֻ𲰲СӶһҽͽ鶼ԲѣҲֻˡ
⿴Դֻ˽ѩҩϾؿԼ
ŲӣȻԼ±ͬľһ㡣

𲰲а˴ܹвгѵã¿˱׽Ū
Ĭͷתȥ
û¡ƹ۲쵽Ķ򱳺ͷ
ſ飬ֻʱϴصĳͷ򵥵Ȼ˵ĺۼɫȴĸʱҪϺܶࡣ
ǰǱٻ˯졣˶֮ʣѩִʮꡣ
飺
ɫȻһ䣬ٶȿ飬ȴ˶Ĵһƣת·ͬӡһ㡣
ǡ̧֣뵽Լʱָ첻ֻܽŵؿ飬ֿѩ
ѩɿһԺ¸һ飬ᵽǰ½Ӱɢ֮ʱº֮ʱ̽ڣһǿϢ̾ᣬǰµġ˲ˣڻǳܵء
һ㶣뵽֮ǰĻоһǰһ¡Ⱦ쳾֮ͬһ㡣
һģһȴԼλһͬԴ壬ܾܿǱĿĹӽϰߵļҲƬֱвس׸𣬷ŵؼա
ս֣ո̧ȴֻܱ׾ؽӲĸ첲ڽϡ
ݸһЦĸסı
ˣ𲰲·أһɵЩй
𲰲·ͨһ¹ϵǳ˶ͽ飬̫Ǭ֮ʱимȴѩһۣɫЩ㬵·ͨǰСû⣬ȥҩҩġ𲰲
𲰲ôˣһݵ
𲰲Ƕ˺ڶʧˡѩºӣܲٻˡ
ʲôв
вظ֩ˣҲˣΨһϵŹִеˡѩҵе뷨Ͼ˺ͳѾһˡǻٻ֮ãߵȴǡ
ͽĬȻһۡ
ͬѩ֮ⷬѾбԱߵ˸ǽ飬ջвصƬҲӦû᳤࣬ȴһ˲һ
ôˣ⸴ʵ
ؽвͬһƽ٣еȫ۾ݻ٣·޻֮˶ը٣ѩӳ󣬱ųͽڸѰһׯȵѺ㡣סׯ칫Ȼһֱʼ꣬вػʼѾҹ
ǰȥѾ͵˵ˡѩ
ĿѾƣɺѾ⣬ⷬѶܿͻᴫ棬ʱس԰ؽ˵ػ»ָ
֮УּڲһΪıײܽ롣
Եͷ¶ο˵ػؿŽ顣üչ·ŵĹâ
ѩڷͽ飬ɿһû˵ʲôǽҩһ飬ӷ˳ȥ
ֻܿʣ½ͳ⣬ƽΨɳɳ첻ʱ͸
ˮˮ棬ˮţĿⲻɵ¶Щϣ
ȥߴ

಻ͷֻоһɪһ£æת飬ûȷӦ˶գһѺᱧ
飿һæֱ׾ػĲӣȵһ֮ʱȴǰƮߣǼصȲ֮ζ
з졣
Ȼۣ¿ȥ֮ʱȴ֮ǰصĻ֮ϣйֳϪˮʹɽҰϾҲһֲ»ѿ
黹ɣת⣬δϣССĺɫ
ۣ߲ɫ۾˲ٿ
вءнȣûǰĿ־塣
ȥֻʱ˾ѾλһϿգۿȥǧʱˮð߰ߵ㣬ϡккȴѽˮС
вĵƣٹƬĽ¾ͻ᳹ױˮǣʱһƬɽӺսȡ֮
Щʹࡢǻ־սȥǰµϣ㽡Ը
⾲ٿɽɫأͽǰӡǣڹ𴽽ǣЦ
*
а࣬˱㿪ʼ·Ϊû顢ѩһУֱ˿߳ǸѰ˸¡
곤ڣ岻ͬڳˣδս˯ϵҲûǰǷȬ߳ʱȻѾ˺صıЩص˿Ҳֻǽ裬ÿнɴҩ
˲߳ǳſڣȴ֮ǰʱĻĳǴʱ纣ʱаմӳŹϼҴڵװػǰУҲвٿ̵˹ӶУȺӵԭĻĮ졣
ſﴦӴʱѾ˲٣ԭٸ̴̯⣬ʱиߺ𣬳١
һ￴֮ǰͽǶԽܡܶæкˣˣʲôæȥȴһһﻹõƶӰ
ʱѾС
ѽ⣬ٷϴˣصУµķһƬµ硣ѩ·ͨɹƥܿͷ顢ЦҲãΪʦձȾʹ˱ˡ
Ҫߣ΢ȡ
ǡѩЦұʱʹʲôʵڲʺҡˣҲˣҲùһԼңˡ


235 
˵, ԱߵĽü̧̧
ʦǽأ

ѩüëƵһĿ⿴, ܿߵǱҪޣԼúö
飺š
⺢ʵԼ뷨, ҲǱүȦ̫ظúý̻һ֮ġѩֲ, , ȻˣͲ
ͷٶȻӦãʦġ
ѩ˵ʲô, 뵽ڼ, ̣תٳ
ˣ֮ǰҲܹ, ֮ǰصע䡣г
ȻˣҽһΡѩһ, ׻һԾϿУʩʩȻ޲ɢϯ, Сƨʲôһ͹ˡ, ұƽͺá
˵, ˼˵½һѾ˽ȥ, üһѸ磬ȵ̧ʱֻϴΨʣһӰȥ³ƺۡ
ѩӰʧԶͽջĿ⡣˼ȥҴҿ쾰ַ׷׵ͷæԼ飬ΨһӰ㶵ؿ뿪ķ򣬸÷Ž
ѩߺ󣬻ؾǵ·ϱֻʣ·ͨ⡢顣˴ӿ߳ǳһ·ȥԼĩ˰£ڼһΡǳأлԷ裬аմַǷ
γ뾩ǴҴææѵôʱУ̲סÿȥֻĿʢɷ֣뿪֮ǰȣؾѾդ񣬷ǳſڴйŶӵ񣬶鲻Ա߻Ӵмװÿַʳ
ֽӦ࣬ԱʳٸӦߣ۾⺢ͦ뷨ģ˷Ϊ͢£ģֻǱߵĹԱôٷ
Ŀ⿴ȥµķַʳİװ磬ܿЦЦ
֣ʽЦЩʲôȴȡʳ鴦˺¹һݡ
һ㶣ûüӦô£ϱ㴫˰л
ллСʧҵþҸмл֮

˵üϰ£ֱ߳վ
ʱѾԶĿ⾪㶵Ųƣֱʧ˷Ż񣺡⡢ǣ
µĲǹԱ㵱ȼõĵһ񡣡ص

Լ뿪ǰһϣҾΰһʱܷزûжٵ軧ùܼҵᣬ˿ڷﵽˣû뵽Ѿ˽ʱ䣬Щ軧Ȼڴ˾ȼñ
Щȣһڨڨʵǲؾ£ϾֳѾˡ
鸴һЦԱߵĶ̷꣬ɫ
ֳѾˣڻǳ⣬һֱȺˡ
ķѩغεĻյΨһ
ʪƸո¹һ꣬棬ˣǳǳۡ
ڣѾȺʱ
Ϻİһǰʱµʱ䣬ǱӭΥĽ꣬°ջ֪ͽ̫麯ַ֪ͬһ㣬·̺ʱ䣬ܿⳡȥ˽˺֡
һº󣬽˵Ķ̷عƶ뷨
ֹһϵеľٴҪ𣬽ֻǴ£ȡ߸ڡյĳаš͢ò٣ֺؽ˭ȥЩ⣬Žȥơ
͢Ѿǰľ棬Ȱ⣬ѾµѪҺȨͳһھ֮Сس󣬱˽ľٴ룬һһעԸְ
ͷӦǣ̰ŹԤؽĴȴٳûжۡ
أؽ򲢲һһϦ飬Ҵ˵طԱռְͼǴӳָɴ󳼣Ա黹ϵҶԻʵ۵ҲӦһ㹻ɿˡ
Уϸֶϲ㣬ƺûкʵѡ
಻ɵЩйֻоЩġǽ鲢ûָɣÿ·æ˰ڼݻعʳҲ޹õġ
ջʵ޹壬տ¼ţкȼգů͸ʱӰֻ߲ص˾ڵʱ
˲ֻۣ֪ʵ޹һţⲡǸˣǰֳܳ賤ȫһһͷ̷ۣݣò̫ҽԺҩڻϲڵʱͣӦòá
ΨвűʮֺաȻܵǿȥȽһЩָǱȽ黺һЩһʱƤϵ˿ڿʼ裬ѾȬòˡֻϧһֱĲ£̫ҽԺŷŰ취壬ڹﻹûסϰ£ѾоԼһȦ
Լֵģһ󣬵ͽѾҲ˵뷨ֻΨһźǣʱȬѾǰľ˼鴦Щÿÿ뵽Լ⣬¶˶ȴֻǸƾճֵˣǰһֱעۣҲ
ڽСǰѰʱʱ̺ɽ飬̽˵һЩԼϵĿգһλ𽣳ѩ䡣
⿴ᵽɽʱ⣬ɵݸ뽣ѩֺ˦֮󼪵ģʵڲĸ⺢Ľ̫Ѿˣֻ˵־ڸԶǱıչأٳ
Ϊ棬ĵص˵ͷ
Ц·ͨ
Ǵȥһѩ𲰲Ѿ뿪ֻʣ·ͨԱߡӰǰΪвһһֱ𲰲裬вظ֮󣬱صǺµ˽Ĳûɺǰ¶棬żῴ·֮ʱ仹ǰһûʲô飬üɫ
𲰲˵Ѿڽû٣ȥ֮ǰǣȥ֮ҲǡȥԼټҪѰֻ±ȴ뻹ѡ
·ͨ𲰲ϵǳҲ֪طʲôӡ
ĬȻ
ȥؾգ˺֮е¿ڽ鷿ַ¨еһɻʱȻԼѪ΢΢һ㶣ۿȥǻϿ̻һˣޣȴŪ룬ǳЦŻ֮ˣģʮϤǵСԼŪĻ
ԭû޸ͻظ˽顣⻭ῴȥѾЩˣӦǱʱۿ
»ݣʱ¶֪һ·˺ֱۣʱʱ޶࣬޲ɵѾͽһˣµ̰
ⶢŻãĬĬ¾СطŻػ¨С
ڷоشһʱ
ƽս鵽ʱ޹һţʱʱѾȥȴûл
΢΢һ㶣ʶԡ
ŷѾûлϵ˭ҲûҶڷѲƬ̣ڻԾ޹ǰѰȥ
⣬һ·ϾܿˣϤ鷿ǰȴһ鷿վ
ʱ磬ͷûͺȣôֱվ̫Ҳв⣬൥ţͷѾ¶Щ
鷿ŽգȻ̸ʲôҪ¡
һ㶣鷿ûˣ̲סԻһࡣ
´ˣһһ۵վţ鷿ͥԺͻȻ֣ȵ
˵ͷ໹վţ»⺢ӡ
һ󣬻Сܵߣԥ´ˣôˣ
⿴۽ͷϵĺͳ˲üô̫ôһţ
죬һǻСţСҲ֪ʲôʱ֪ȴ
Խһη幧ļһֱ鷿ʲô𣿡
˵ţ뵽Լݣһ㶣Щڶԡ
ţȻЩֹų⣬ֿ۳еܿҡͷǣϵġ
⾪ȣٳٲ鲻»ʲôԭȴ˵гɻϺ󹬿ȱϣλãΪ
һ㶡
ڳȻ˵üң겢ûлӦֻ³񲿺ͺԺˣСֵ


236 ӷ
ٳٲ, ȻΪ¡
ֿһ鷿ֻɢʶ̸ʱȴûм̽˼
û˵, æֵʵѾЩӵϵصˡԺСҲЩӵ飬ҲһֱûжӦöʱġ
, ÿһ±ᱻ𣬽һʼ᲻֪룬ϻؾü򵥸ɴ࣬Щ鵹Ǳôۡ
ʵϣ󳼵ĵǲûеʮ£˵䶼Ѿ檣ΨΪȴֻһˡǰֳڵʱڳҽ, Ѿ, ɱһð˳
һʱԣվ鷿⿴һ, 뿪, ؿ鷿ķš֨ѽһˡ
ü, ʹ, ȴ߳ĵһɫ, СòʮϤǵֳһа״Ԫ֮
֮г鷿ſڣ۽ǴƳһɫӰĪϤæǴȥ, ȴֻһƬ½䣬ﻹǵӰ
йԱȴţ֮ĽŲ˶٣鷿̨¡
ĹԱг⼸ǺԺĹԱʱŸɫֲʵ۽ĵط¶鷿ͷߣ֮վһߣͼһһ̧Ҿһվ鷿ͥԺſ
鷿Ÿ¹ϡ
Ѿãֻһˣ滹񲿵Ҫ飬۹۱Ǳǹģµȴûվãǰݵ
΢СүйԱߵǰ
һ㶣ʶôǺԺ̶֮æ
ֱ֮壬̧ۿֹСүʲ΢һںү࣬λǻߵġ⡯¹𣿡
ٶסһʱ䲻֪ôش
û뵽֮ôۼ⣬Ȼ˳ټŻؾ뵽ǰλ֮ǵ꾴ֳһַˣ˵;ϵ
ӻϵ̬ԼϿֳĹϵʵѾԶһ˲ԥ
˼˵ǣҲ˵ǣ߳صҡ
İɫ̧֮ͷȥȻһ쳤£ֺͼ˵ȫͬվȴʮֿʣ糯ֳȫһĸо
ͷů°ɡ
֮΢΢ǰֵ¹ӣ֪ɷһ˵
΢㵣´֮һۡ
֮ͬͺԼй˽ʶԼڵģʱΪξϳӡ
Ĭһ£Ǻ֮еĽС
֮˿´ǰġ¹ӡһڳעµ¹ӣǰϵӣӧȥְ
һ㵡
Ȼǰ֮ոտ״Ԫʱ͸¶ԼԸǵһ١
֮ҲȻı飬͵һЦԹԵȻ˵㣬ҲǸĺõطڵĹλҪҲóȥż꣬иõıǮ˾
û뵽֮˵Щһʱ䲻֪
ǰԹԼûкóҸǸԱС٣޷һ˳ֻܿɫ£ֱ˾ҲŷּǳãҲвһĵ֮ҲҪɼ˵
ĬȻţϡǵԼ̫֮ξҵĺŴġ
ʵڵĵλҲЯ֮˵˴ָɿһҵҲ࣬˺ܾãȻƴٿһ·ſֽţηηԡ
߶߶˵һѣ˻࣬˻豣塣
л¹ѣ䲻ţչȭ֮µصǵġ֮˵
ݸ
֮ǰ˵Цֻ̣ǰϡ˹˵ֵ̬л¹ⷬ߶˵ţʶʲôֵˣԺҲܽ¹ˡ
ʲôֻ֮лȻЦ
֮ɻ󣬲֪ӣҲǾȵ¹Īǲ֪ѾΪ
΢΢۾
֮˵ʲô鷿֡֨ѽһ򿪣תȥֻ񲿵ĹԱҲһһ뿪鷿
һΣų״ˣ˵Ѿ֮״ͷЦų⹰֣ϲ㹪ȥ
֮ǰµĽѾûӰŻй鷿ķȥ
ų񲿵ĹԱѾ߾վͥԺһᣬ̲סǰߡ
鷿ﴫ۵
࣬ΪһεϤʵ
һ㶣ڷǰֹסŲ
СѾ𣺡Ҫһй֣󡣡
أ
ԣǷǣӣȫ֡
أ
޻ڣʩΪƶ棬򣬵޾ˡ
أ

һ˲ľĬһϣСᾡľϡ
ûлػ⻹һƬ
̽ز˼֣г´ˣ
վĳ⣺
غˡһΣʹߣŲȴ˸Ƶģֱٶȴ
ΪҲѡ񡣡


տ鷿ٶ
ͷӰڵ棬·ʱ侲ֹһ㣬ֱͥԺһԶɳɳʱš
վԭ۰죬Ϻ
´ˣСˡ
ŷֽѾ鷿ſڣҾ
⺢ӵ˵ү˵СҲСո˵ĻҲˡ
˵ͷ߽鷿
ǰǾʱҲʱͽ鷿칫˴꣬½ⷿ䣬ȴĲûʮϤ籱¶һ̴ǣ
ôã鷿ĲþȻûб䶯
ǰȥȴ״³ۣ˿̾ᣬƲĴڣ̧ܿͷʮŶζĿ͸飬
ʱķ޴룬¶忡˶ƬۼѾȥƺûºۼ·ˣһһ㡣
⣬ôˣʵ
˵˵룬ûѸո֮Ļ˵ֻЦѾȬòˣ㻹ûлعߡ
͵Ӧһ
ϳĳ۷棬̨һһҷһ˵Ϣǰ
λҲûҪʲôְ⻹֮ͽղŵĶԻʵҲΪصء˻飬ʲô
Ȿ˵鲻ظԼʦڣ˭֪˵һ룬ȴͻȻһ˿ĴУæʶɪؽһ
û뵽ͻȻôɵľٶ㶣Ŀ΢ؿŽ飬ȴǰ˴΢䣬ʮ켺Ŀ΢΢Щ
˵˺ˣ㿴˫ס
Ϊɽͨ˵¶ȱҪһЩָĦƤ֮ʱȻⲱһССĺ
ҹǸտĿרעضţᣬϧ˿Уȥ
ϢǰЦ
˲ͨ죬ȥٲ飬ѥŲһǰǽߡ
ڵ¶Ȳ֪ģ»Ҫ˼֡
鷿̴ٵغţ鷿ſڿһۣȴʱ鷿žȻֱ˹ˡ
˼ոֻͽ顢Լ뿪ĽˣŲ˵Ҳ֪˭˳ִϵġ
СӦòǹģ
üëſ˵ʲôȴܿ챻ס˵ﵽ˿УջΪʡ
ֻڽ鷱½ǰƿǰˣ˭֪ո㱻ץסͷ࣬ǽϡ
ü
⡣Ϣûȥ˵͵ֵһָĦǽϵġ
ëһԭƾֺܵȻԷָοס
鷿ڣ˭Ĺ䣬鷢죻˭Ϣ˴ĺڻԺе䣬ʢĻŴ裬˴ڷ羰׺һȻ⡣


237 ּ
ӷʥּܿˡ
Ԫ, ʵ۲š֮ǰҰʧֳĺүƺһģһ
½ľ;ȴһ˶Ϻֳһò͡϶ʮİ˷·ƾճ, ޸ĸ, Ҳֵܽ, ޷ȴƫƾŽǿӲһֽگ, ôλ
¼δʷ, ¶»ĵһʡɾֳʱȴֶ֪, ⡰ζʲô
ֳʱûں֮, ĳ˵ǳ࣬ǻʵΪ谮֮ˡ
ڳٴ, ֪¿ģֶԽһԲϱ켺ֶɵ, ֻýڶ, , ؿŽ˾ֽСүЯʥּһ䲼ͬ˴
ԴˣԼµİѾһĿȻ
ڳ񲿸ǲҵڳɽٰ˷䡣䵱, ˹ݣ࣬л, ƺƵ鿴ųǶɽɽۣ飬ΪᣬЯ꣬ʢĻ
ԭҸΪӡԭеۡ軧֪Ϥ£Ļǣ˭֪ΪľڸҲûҪ´ҵ˼¸һάԭûнб䶯
죬ּվþ۷ǣľһΡϹܼԭĻʲôͻȥ˲赹ˮ֮ʱǳÿʵľﾹȻһСֳþŮ
Ȼ庢ӣ޵ƶЩִ٣ǵӤ۴ޡǾɷŮϵԱ߹ЦС˾˿첻µزµģų
ɫһ˶ĺһۡ
æ죬üۻʮֵĿġ
ⳡڹܼҺԱߵȴͬ캧ˣ⾴õĺӹܾо˾ˣͬһˣ
Сķˣܿһʮʮ٣ֵ軧ҲܶżǰģֻϧûûмֻķжЩʳԱл⡣
֪º˽ʳԭⲻ˻ءݣԺͽһϳһλûǰһ£ڳԣֻڽԲϲ֮ʱżϼο
ڳԭԭʱƫͻȻεľкȣγȻѾڵľƣɵ÷׷𾪣̨¶̲סۡ
ǲǾϲţѵʼնͬһˣ
˽飬ܿ췢о࣬һĽϳʱɫ˲١
ûй۹⣬·ӣͽ飬ܿί֮Ϊܶһر٣һǰؽ
֮һһߣµȵٻʱ֪Ҫٸ̾յ͢ξյϢ͢ξ٣ԭѺǧѱ˴ߣ䲻
һæ飬ȴüͷҲǸе⡣
͢ξѾι̵ļѺĳǧ⣬ѺĪ쿡պĽ¼֡ͭǽȴܹɹɼֲǺöԸĽɫ
˲ûгѯߣֻĺǸŮӣҲûмĳࡣ
ȫϿ޷ѭ֮˵䣬úŲ߶Էµ⡣
ȥܿµһﳡΧԡ
ΧǻʼǣͷͰٹٵ䣬ͽһǰѾμΧԣһβиж֮󣬵ڶ󣬶һµı仯һλڰٹ֮У
˴ΧŴӼ򣬵аٹĶ࣬ʮ׳ۣһ·ƺƵͬνһᴩ뾩ǣܱаԶԶذݼе뿴ٹеΪĿûʵݶеۼ˵дšֵһЩ·߲ʱвΰַǷ
ڳΰἰԼŵģЩ죬⿴־ȴشһӵƴӶǰ𣬺ִ
ô£Ҳÿɴʵ
ǰ·ͨ·ʻܿǰǰ̽һᣬǰѾϣǰ·ͻִ
·ʲôˣΧԵ̶ӣеȨҲ֪˭ô졣
룬ȴһԥǼ·ǸŮӣԳǡǾֳСᯣ
 һ˲
ֳһ̼ңֺ˿Ҳʲôص顣ʱھǰ˸оһ֮С
ڳĳͽ黥һۡ
⵱걻ǿƽʬ꣬нֳݺּϵֳټӾûжЯƾһϵҲּɫ
ȥû뵽ֵǰü˵
ס
һ³ҵķ򣬵֮طһθŲ˶٣Ǹ߸ӵƳһۡ
߸һŮϴ೤ȹģȥʮ㣬ʱ̧ͷǰϵ·ͨΪߣûϵԷתɫ΢΢һ䣬ܿ칧صͷŵ棬ֻؿ˸
Ů裬ǵһμ
ⰵЩ֣ǰڼûϸ룬ܿⲽǰȥ
ǰѾòɿһŮڵϣͷϷѾɢңۿǰһŻǸңҸǣֳСǵľģո˭ңվ
վûĳУصľǰտ˾Χָָ㡣
˾ǾС
ǰּҵĶ˸ӣǰЩֱץˣ˵Ҫ䵽ء
Gûɽôţ˵;ͬһѽ

۷׷ף˸˵Ҫþң
󵨣ͼģ˿ȥˡ
ﱻһŵηһ£ԷûжɵЦһð˵ʲôʲôסˣҼеúÿ
ǱвĻɫһ䡣
￴ɫвɵõ⣬ִأûУ
ɫмַ񲣬мԵãҪãǰȴÿһһӵ𣺡ҵˣҺ£
İȥֻһӶгź½ľװһüޣȥʮİ
˭﷭˸ʵ
ǳ⣬Ҫң˵ʲô顣
ǰ˾Ǿ
û뵽ǰľԼȫһɵһôܣǶ˵;һˣֳ裿
ûд𻰣ֻɨʱģ
￴ģҲЩȷ³潩֣Χˣæֳֵ裬ܵҪ䵽ˣֵϣȾɺã
á
˵ʲôɫһ䣬ü㵱ʱӦҪʢΪʲôҪʳԣΪʲôҪ䵽ݣ
˵˴״з񲣬ȴżʲôּҲһȥ
۾ȥֻⱼ˴Ž£ȥЩǮƣֳֺ
ֺ߻һ£
ֺ֣ɫҾʢһӣĿ䣬ƫУ
Сǻؼ취״æ
ܼȰ棬۾ȴֱɵڵصֳ裬ּҴ㲻˽ӣ㿼ϰۣϢ˾Ҫǣ
ȥڵϽֺһۣȴֺɫ࣬ûٿ̧⿴
ɫδ䣬ֻǻ֣ûֱӽ¡
ԭɵݣʱǾֱµɵþһǰͽһ
ſңſңˡһѶסͣĹôֱѴקѺȥ
⡭ֺģɵɫһ䣬æֹֻ̿£ųֹ
ֺüֺ̧̧һۣ˵Ҳֳ裬ӵʲôʱߵģѵĲ֪𣿡


238 β
ֺųһ, ĴţȴһҲû˵
û˵ջĿ, תԭĵء
ʱͻȻ, 뿪ʱĿֻɫӰ۷ж֮, һԾϵ, , ܿÿʣ䡣
ɴƮɣס˵ľ, ֻ˿һһӰ
ֺ࿴ɴʺˣ뵽ѶϵĶӶϢ, ŭˡؽ, ߣջǹָţԺ⡣
ٵȵվԺʱԼ, һòȴĮ, ҲǰΨΨŵŵ
ϻҪΧ, үĪҪٵסˣСļΪˡԱϵĹٱߴٵ
ֺǰĹٱһֻۣЩ¶Ĳͷ, ĻлĹ
ֳѾûˣǴּҳЦģּҷһʱġ
ɫӲ, ȴ䲻˫ϥǰ˹һ¡
үæǰס
ֺ˰֣ͷŵ棬һվ˵һߡ
ǰĵ·壬Ѷһһݡ߿ͣ͵ΧԶ縴㿪ʼƶǧǰƽƵ߹·档
̴ź򣬰ٹһһУ׳֪˭ֵ꣬ոֹ۵طߵݡ
ֺڵأǰֻЬǰ߹йڹµģиƷ׹Աģ㶵ؿţֱ÷Żعܿȥ
̶ʧڵ·ͷΧİҲѾɢǰֻأشŵغۼ
л㱵Ųһ²ӣձ뿪ķ뿪
ΧԾʥǴѺڴΰ£ʢһۡǰֺǰ̽࣬һֽ飬˦ϵ
ھǴ࣬˺ǰּҲ̽˭֪ÿ״ţһƬտļţû˾סӣɵһ㶣ѯּھǵӻֺ֪֮Ѿ뾩ǣµĲҵҲֱҪӴ˵ǵȦӡ
ּ̼ңʱܹ֮ȦֳɻڴҲͥвһ˭̶֪̼䣬أһꡣ
ҲֻǾеһССѡ
䣬Ϧ棬µļֻʱҴҶߣһգϽʹҾ߾нʿϾɡÿ곯߽ٶȸ漱
ɹսҪϽʮ̲֮ơ
Ļ̻̣ȺΣΨɫɽǰ
պ󣬽ΪΪУξϷ·ûõľźף³˵ҰУӱ£ǰַɡ
Ҳ࣬СŵرűԼһŵıһһͷؿվڳǽΪеؽ顣
ȥ·̰ɽˮսʱɱźڻ죬ǰϣء
ʱ£һʹӱޣƾףɾ
ϲ·ֵĵ֮꣬ٹ
һº󣬾ʹַǣ͢ѳֱ룬ֱɹµۡ
ʹɺ;һµʱ䣬ǵѹˣڳ֮ʱ䣬׷𾪲ѡΨϵĵ֮Цѩڻ
дţ֮ʱʹһŲʣ罣Ӱֽɿ컮ʣ޹ΨӰ
˺һ£ʹٶ뾩
˵ѾĽѶʱʮӼż뾩ǣڳ󾪣æŵʹţΨ;䡣
ȴʹ֣عݣƾѾʦسѾھǿİﴦձ㽫ִ
ڳȣû뵽оݣ׷в⣬ÿ۽üҶ͸ϲ⡣
ٿǰȴϣʮ΢Σȴǵ͵Ц
գٹΪӷϴǳŴ󿪣ڳֱԶͷһӰż̵һͷʷ£һ뾴Է裬ӭչ
Դˣͼ󶨣ɻʵ֮Զ߾æʹʹԴԴɱҳϡ
Ԫʮ꣬Ȼ󶨣ң뵱µ۵ǻ󳼻񣬽ɽƮҡɽһͳ˳٣һ㡣
½裬µܶκ˿ڣֲָ̿ͣ¸ǰòвַ޽߰ӣˮȻ
򱱽פűأǧҽʦΪ˺ϲ
˵һӣҪҼСסһ꣬뾩üɫŮôŶӴ꣬ǾΪѵذ˸СӣС磡
𣿡ϣŵ£ʵ
İ
޳ܣԱߵľ̲סһѺúŮ໽Уӿ۸֡
ݸþһڣ΢΢
˼ƮԶߺЦˣӣ֪֪¼Ѿλˣ
Щȣֻһɫ֣֪Լŵڼô
ڼⱾԼǺܹģ˵һ
£衣Ȼǵһ
ǰϷؾ֮ʱܽˣڽӵкպյλִʵѾû˱Ȿ¼ʱֵ¼һ
㶣û뵽ԼǰݾȻᱻ𣬲ɵ㶣üǵһأ
ʮȥѾټ׫дǰҿȥɽĲ®ѾˣҸо˳⣬ӦòмЩλˡ
Ѿ䣬пѾţѩĳȴ֪ʦܽڣʱӦؼһҰ˶ѡ
֪Լûˡ
⽭¼дģĬ£ʵ
ȻԵõ˭ӳŪ¼

⿴źȴڶǴݱһҲкüûгˣӣûټ
ݱ𲰲뿪в֮ʧȥϵܲһŮڿ·ͨǰ̽ϧǹŮƷֵע⣬ڶʧˡ
ûУӦûڡص
۾һǳɽׯˡ֪عʵ书ڽ¼֮УֻϾǻϣξȸŲߡ
عӾǽ飬ʵƬΪȳԼҪǿһЩ
ЦЦ㵹ͦڡ
Ū⽭¼޷룬ЩЩ£еĻڣеɢʹҼ¼ԺҲýС
˵ţ⿴ԼŮϺͯ׶ද֪۴úһæҡ
⿴òЦ
ʱţʱ䡣
꣬·ݽƣȻһ뿪ʹӿʼߣ괢ƹһ񣬽졣
գǳŴ󿪣һϿμӿƾ٣糱˷ۣ˲żüãʢ
ҹ
ϰϰԲʹƻ𽥽Ϩ¹͸ڣµǳӰӡ
޹˺Ȼü۾
ͷϤĴʣԱǳĺ۾һȻ⿴ȥֻһӰ޹ӰϤƾԶ
⿴ߵĽ飬齣˼ȥ
յҹ΢ߵ˸̧ۿȥӰԼ
˴ſĳۣ󣬷˿ƮĶ΢΢ס
ų⣬Ǻܿ¶һǳǳĻȣǼЦݡ
ˣüϲɫ
ѣǰ΢㶣͵𣬵ʵѾָˡ
Ŀ¶һ˿㵣ǵвػ֮ԼʱѯʳԷȴûиԼش
΢ȵؿǰĳȴᴹ£һ̧𣬻еỺش
⣬ġ


239 
ʲôĽŲס
һһĻ, չұĻСصһЦ, ٷֿˡ
Դԭ, ĻѾо룬ͷȴһЩɣǰںϣܸоļ䣬ôôͻȻ
ڳļ￴ʵв, ȥ, Ȼ, ȴ֪
ؿų, ȴǰĳ, Ŀǹ⡣
û뵽ĻС

۾
Ȱ, ҹ, ´ζһ
⣬ԽԽ, 㣬ҲֻҡҲѾˣнؾۣҵʹҲѾɣЩ䱾ò, ҲΪ˷ա
, 㶵ؿų
ˣֻǣ·ԼѰҼҲ, Լ֮ںļ䲻ڣǶԣζʲô
ʱȻûиʲôʱѣںϵʱҲܵ˺ܶණٶ̧ǰδ¶Щů⡣
ų͵һȴҿ㶵ؿŵ棬Ȼֲ̧۾
ѽôֿˣǰת㵵ؿų⣬Լ˲𣿡
ҡҡܣԽȰοеˮԽƣվԭֲ۾һҪߣʲô𣿡
Ҳûʲôµġ
֧飬һµƬеֻɺ˷ǣĿɳԼξѭ
⻹վԭأЬǰĵˮһһزͣο
һ޴룬Ϊᡣ
⣬ޣһֱܹ㡣ȰοϣҴ磬ûбϣġ
˺ܶ꣬ܶˣҲѰٹתֻأֱڲǣȵ֮ʱŷԼѾ˥
һһεʱ⣬ʵԽԼΪʲôڡ
оۣҲʹࡣ
Ավλ϶УǧռĻյ⻺ɢںڰС
ټҲ
ټԽ
ת·һλ棬Ҫ޻磬ȴһµ꣬΢΢һ㶣ѭȥ
һ£ϹĽݣ˫估أӰϤһһֳ̳нغĿȴȻ̧߻紦
һۣ·𿴵Լ
һΡ
ǾһΡ
Ҳֻһˡ
ҵħϰĵǸɳ۾֡
⣬Ǹָӣֻܴ涵۾
ǡԺټ𣿡̧ʵ
Ҳ֪Ļסһ𣬡ϣԶҪټˡ
նµֻء
⿴ųѾۡ
һһֱġ˵οʼ
šͷֲ̧ᡣ
΢΢һЦųϣ̧Զȥ
µͷеƻδϨںҹڰԶǳΪӰշǵ׺֯ƬӰҹĻ
ƽϣһ׶ǵĹ͸
ֵ
ԣĿԶɫջأףȴߵλóɿգѾûӰ
£ɫưΨǳ䣬˸Źâ
ٶ۾Ƹоʲôæͷȥ
⣿˵ĽŲ£վڳϿ
ƿͨۿĿдеǡ
׿ţǧҪߣ˿ȴֻỽһ֣ȥ
ôˣ̧ΪۣȴԷԼԼ
ֳ̧һ£ַ£طı
˲ֱ顣
ƿ
ԣΨһ΢Ͷ룬Ӱӳڳϣ
*
󣬸ϣεơ
˴λؽ磬ԭ˵ֲʢʮǰΪһͻ⵽ٽ٣±Ұطһ⡣ʱϴ񣬸ľѾ̲̾ݹҲϥǵĸ߶ȣȥһƬȻ
˼ʱľȴɳɳ߶졣
ˣˣϷôãҲô֮ôζûˣһ߱߱ߵ޷ߵ
ϱһѹӳһɫۣͥ·ȾŵĹΣȥɷǣǷˡ
Χߴߴиͣһ˲мֻȸСһ¶𣺡Ѿͻ˾ϸǵһˡҪһ⣬õǸĸΣ
˵һ£һͷ򵥵Ժһߡת¶һݵףһ𣬿ȥмֿס
˽Ųһ٣̧ۿȥֻ¶˵⣬һ£忡гһѹӳҲ
ϲûпŵĹΣ߿ǵ͵͹һˣҪ뿪ˣЩʲô鷳
ͷ˶һۣ̲סһЦ
УǰѽСӴʲô
ŽʣĬ£ԱߵĳȻصǺ˵Ҫ뿪ټһ档
ʵ˻Сѩô̵ĺӣôô˻޿ģ
顢ͬʱĬ
⼸꽭ɽȹ̣ǰλ࣬յĺѾƹܽ£̫ƽǡ
ֻǶ˴Уʵѹֵ֪ѩһ뿪Ҫͱ
Ҳգ͵һΡѩ
ʲôΣ
ϴνǡ޲ɢϯѩһԼĺ룬ζ죬ȻǡΪ˸õطꡯ
ǽѩԲ˵ǡ
ͽĿͬʱڽѩͰ͵ϡ
ѩһ죬ڵظɿһ̧Զտȥ
Ѿγɣƾ棬͸ߡ
˵ãҲ֪ҵķͨͨδѩ
šص
ʵǻǴȽϰȡѩųںڻü
ˣǲڡδȥ磬ҲΪռɢƬ
һηвֲأѩ
ǲ¡

ѩɨǰˣֻĿᶨ䣬ҲѾȷӡ
У̳ѩһ̤ϽУ׵
á
һͳһԽشصһ𣬳ͽ΢ȣһЦ
ߡڶ𣬳һԾϣվڽ̧ȥ
Цһ̼佣죬˻ա
Ʒţߣָ©˵ֽŵزһ£ȴֺܿ챻Ļա
⣬ֺ䡣
㲻Ҳǡ
˵͵Ц
飬˵һ
⣬ֻҪһ𡣡
ʵĬһ£սԷ֡
̰ֻ޲ǰ·ܸӳԶ
ãһ𡣡ص
꡿
лҪ˵
jjдľͿģҲûôϸⱾдкڣԸоԼ񲻻дorz
ԾԼݸСڣ12º󿪡ħAPP
ⲻҼ
Ŀǰ趨αΣααȦĩղأ
*
ݶ
1. ⡶ݵ飬Լ֮Ĺ£ȷ 
2.ݱ·⣨пûУݲ
3.ؼҷ⣨ԭ磬ȷ
ҿ
